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Evolution of the Cretaceous Magmatism from the Srednogorie Zone to the Rhodopes, Bulgaria

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Evolution of the Cretaceous Magmatism from the Srednogorie Zone to the Rhodopes, Bulgaria Workshop- 4th-8th September 2007, Bor, Serbia Evolution of the Cretaceous magmatism from the Srednogorie zone to the Rhodopes: Constraints from isotope dating and tracing Irena Peytcheva1,2*, Albrecht von Quadt1, Kalin Naydenov3,4, Stoyan Sarov4, Emilia Voinova4, Dimo Dimov3 1Institute of Isotope Geology and Mineral Resources, ETH-Zurich, Switzerland 2CLMC, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria 3Faculty of geology and geography, Sofia University, Bulgaria 4 “Geology and Geophysics” AD, Sofia; * now at Section des Sciences de la Terre, Université de Genève, Switzerland Regional position Most major Cu-Mo-Au ore deposits in the Carpathian – Balkan orogen are related to a 1500 km long belt of Upper Cretaceous magmatism extending from Romania through Serbia to Bulgaria, with a continuation southeast of the Black Sea into Turkey, Caucasus and the Himalayas known as “Tethyan Eurasian Metallogenic Belt” (Jankovic, 1977) ⇒ related to the northward subduction of the Tethys ocean beneath the European continent. The European part – ABTSB (Popov et al., 2000) or Banatite MMB (Berza et al., 1997) Regional position The Srednogorie and the Rhodopes are the main ore-bearing Alpine tectonic zones in Bulgaria. Magmatism: Uper Cretaceous (Srednog.) mainly Pg in the Rhodopes. Change of the deposit style from Cu-porphyry (Au-Mo) to mainly Pb-Zn epithermal Au. Isotope geochrono- logical and geo- chemical studies in the border area from ⇒ In Eastern Serbia the Late Cretaceous magmatism is C Srednogorie to developed along two belts: the Timok Magmatic Complex in the E Rila-W Rhodopes and Ridanj-Krepoljin Zone in the W (Karamata et al., 1997); and further to South Geological background (Ricou et al., 1998) I phase – compression (110-90 Ma?) – southward trusting, High P (T) metam. II – extensional – Metametamorphic Core Complexes; syn- and post met. granitoids Maritsa fault; Srednogorie zone Geological map with sample localities Sofia . r r a k s Metamorphic complexes I Vakarel of Balkanide type (Pz12 -Pz ) Variscan intrusions Panagyurishte of the Central Srednogorie Ihtiman Rhodopean type metamorphic . complexes (Arda and Asenitsa Units) r Plana I ir Y V SZ i at Pz and Early Mz (T-J) rocks M Elshitsa constituting pre-K2 basement . r r Vurshilo Elshitsa a Gutsal k L K2 volcanic and volcanoclastic s u 2 3 I T d rocks (K22 - K ) r. op a Maritsa o lni Y tsa a 46 164 r. n K22 sediments (K - K2 ) a r . K2 intrusions of Srednogorie type 155 Pazardjik 159 . K2 intrusions of Rhodopean type 156 r a k s in Pg2 granitoids of the Rila- p 228 e WR batholith h c T Cap. Dimitrievo 4 2 Rila-West Rhodopes 230 Pg23 - Pg - sediments Velingrad Ng - Q - sediments Yakoruda Strike-slip faults Belitsa Normal and Detachment faults M e s V3P ta Faults r . Babek-Grashevo dislocation zone IYSZ Iskar-Yavoritsa Shear Zone Sample locality Timing of magmatism and metamorphism in the Western Rhodopes and Rila Mountain Characteristic features of magmatism (subduction or collision/postcollision related?) Problems Time-tectonic succession • conventional ID-TIMS U-Pb single Timing zircon/monazite/xenotime method • in situ LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating Zircon tracing SEM-CL images Hf-isotope data in situ (LA) ICP-MS analyses for dated zircons Methods Whole rock Sr, Nd, geochemical tracing Field and structural data Discussions before sampling Drawing of Sarov et al. AvQ 156 AvQ 155 Arda Unit Sample AvQ 155: Metadiorite Sample AvQ 156: Metagranite • „layering“ of amphibolite and gneiss • „gneisses“ are strongly plastic deformed • „gneisses“crosscutt theamphibolite Metadiorite AvQ-155 U-Pb zircon dating Metagranite AvQ-156 0.016 100 Amphibolite - Rila 0.037 AvQ-155 Gneiss Rila 230 zircons and monazites 80 AvQ-156 314 Ma 0.012 156/4 0.035 220 U 60 U 238 zircon 210 0.008 Pb/ 156/2Mz lower intercept age: 0.033 156/1Mz 156/3 Pb/ 40 41.3 ± 4.1 Ma 206 156/7Mz 200 156/5 monazite Upper intercept age 0.004 207 235 0.031 253 ± 12 Ma 20 Pb/ U age: 41.02 ± 0.74 Ma 190 0 0.029 0.000 0.205 0.215 0.225 0.235 0.245 0.255 0.265 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 207Pb/235U 207Pb/235U Where are we? Still in Arda Unit? AvQ-229 AvQ-228 Metagranodiorite AvQ-229 0.0120 0.0114 73 AvQ229 - метагранодиорит AvQ229 - metagranodiorite абрадирани и неабрадирани циркони 76 0.0118 concordant zircons AvQ229/2 72 0.0112 0.0116 74 U 71 0.0114 U 238 238 0.0110 72 Pb/ Pb/ 0.0112 70 206 206 AvQ229/4 AvQ229/7 0.0110 AvQ229/1 AvQ229/6 0.0108 70 69 AvQ229/3 AvQ229/6 Concordia Age = 70.770 ±0.087 Ma 0.0108 (2σ, decay-const. errs included) MSWD (of concordance) = 7.3 68 0.0106 68 0.0106 0.068 0.070 0.072 0.074 0.076 0.078 0.080 0.069 0.070 0.071 0.072 0.073 0.074 0.075 207Pb/235U 207Pb/235U Metagranite AvQ-228 data-point error ellipses are 2σ 50 0.0075 AvQ228 - metagranite zircons and monazites 46 Av Q228/6 42 AvQ228/2 0.0065 U Av Q228/5 38 238 Av Q228/1 abraded zircons Pb/ 0.0055 34 206 30 0.0045 228/4Mz 26 228/3Mz 0.0035 0.020 0.024 0.028 0.032 0.036 0.040 0.044 0.048 0.052 207Pb/235U Sample AvQ 159: Rila Granodiorite (Unit 1) Belmeken body Sample V3P – Grancharitsa body U-Pb dating Belmeken and Gruntcharitsa bodies (unit 1) – AvQ 159 – V3P Rila-West Rhodopes batholith 72 0.0112 AvQ 159 and V3P (unit 1) AvQ 159: concordia age 70 69.26 ± 0.26 Ma 0.0108 U V3P: concordia age 66.79 ± 0.27 Ma 68 238 Pb/ 0.0104 66 206 0.0100 64 206Pb/238U mean age all points 68.5 ± 1.5 Ma 62 0.0096 0.062 0.064 0.066 0.068 0.070 0.072 0.074 207Pb/235U Sample AvQ 164: Rila Granite (Unit 2), S of Dolna Banya Highly milonitic Milonitic Rila granite AvQ 164 0.008 Rila granite 50 Mylonite zone south of Dolna Banja village 45 0.007 40 U 0.006 238 zircon analyses: 35 Pb/ inherited components -one grain concordant 206 0.005 at 37.47 Ma 0.004 25 monazites: overconcordant different 207Pb/235U lead loss - deformation (?) 0.003 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 207Pb/235U Conclusion 1 ~39 (24?) • Upper Cretaceous (meta) magmatic rocks in the Rila- WRhodopes Batholith and ~250 ~69 in the “high-metamorphic ~42 (28) 70 Arda Unit • Real protoliths of Arda 39 (24) ~39 Unit – Pz-T • All intruded by Late Alpine granitoid rocks (syn- metamorphic ~ 42 Ma and postmetamorphic ~ 39 Ma) ~68 Conclusion 2 • Perspectives with meta- morphosed K2 intermediate rocks? 6 6 4 Panagyurishte 4 2 2 0 0 -2 -2 Nd values - -4 Elatsite -4 ε Chelopech -6 Assarel -6 Vetren-Velichkovo Elshitsa -8 Capitan Dimitrievo -8 Vitosha -10 Variscan basement -10 South North 0.724Vurshilo Rila granite 0.720Arda unit intercept at: Elatsite 87 86 0.716 Sr/ Sr: 0.70499 Chelopech Tracing: Medet 0.712 Assarel Sr inital ratios Velichkovo initial decreasing from 0.708 Vurshilo Sr Elshitsa 0.705‐0.706 Vlaykov Vruh 86 0.706 Capitan Dimitrievo (Elatsite) to 0.704 Vitosha Sr/ – 0.705 (Vitosha); Variscan intrusions 87 0.705 Rila granite increasing to Arda unit 0.706‐0.708 (Rila) 0.704 CRD and 0.709 (CRD) 0.703 North South Conclusion 3 ¾ All isotope data show higher input of astenospheric material in the Panagyurishte district from North to South; ¾ In the Rhodopes an assimilation of (mixing with) continental crust material play an important role for the magma source. North South After 15 15 Richards, 2005 10 10 5 5 values Hf 0 0 ε -5 -5 Elatsite initial Chelopech Assarel -10 Medet -10 Vetren Elshitsa Cap. Dimitrievo Vitosha Arda unit CRD granitoids 70 Ma granitoids 40 Ma Nu-1 ICPMS-MC - Eximer Laser 193 nm at IGMR ETH Zurich videocamera Microscope ICPMS-MC videocamera Multi-collector system November/December 2006 Von Quadt, IGMR – ETH Zurich, [email protected] 20 TiO2 1000 0 AvQ155 100 AvQ156 10 90 AvQ159 20 100 Unit I 80 Unit II Unit I 30 Unit III Unit II 70 Unit III 40 new data 60 MORB 50 OIT 10 50 60 40 IAT 70 30 sample / chondrite 1 80 OIA Bon 20 90 10 Rb/30 100 CAB 0 0 102030405060708090100P O * 10 0.1 MnO * 10 0 2 5 La Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu 100 1000 10 90 Unit I 20 Unit II WPG 80 Unit IIIo 30 new data 70 Unit I Unit II 40 syn-COLG 100 Unit III 60 new data 50 50 60 VAG + syn-COLG 40 70 late - post-COLG Nb (ppm) 30 VAG 10 80 20 ORG 90 WPG 10 100 0 Hf 0 102030405060708090100Ta * 1 1 10 100 1000 Y (ppm) All data plot define island arc and calc-alkaline signatures.
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