Acción Colectiva En Los Andes
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An Introduction to the Bofedales of the Peruvian High Andes
An introduction to the bofedales of the Peruvian High Andes M.S. Maldonado Fonkén International Mire Conservation Group, Lima, Peru _______________________________________________________________________________________ SUMMARY In Peru, the term “bofedales” is used to describe areas of wetland vegetation that may have underlying peat layers. These areas are a key resource for traditional land management at high altitude. Because they retain water in the upper basins of the cordillera, they are important sources of water and forage for domesticated livestock as well as biodiversity hotspots. This article is based on more than six years’ work on bofedales in several regions of Peru. The concept of bofedal is introduced, the typical plant communities are identified and the associated wild mammals, birds and amphibians are described. Also, the most recent studies of peat and carbon storage in bofedales are reviewed. Traditional land use since prehispanic times has involved the management of water and livestock, both of which are essential for maintenance of these ecosystems. The status of bofedales in Peruvian legislation and their representation in natural protected areas and Ramsar sites is outlined. Finally, the main threats to their conservation (overgrazing, peat extraction, mining and development of infrastructure) are identified. KEY WORDS: cushion bog, high-altitude peat; land management; Peru; tropical peatland; wetland _______________________________________________________________________________________ INTRODUCTION organic soil or peat and a year-round green appearance which contrasts with the yellow of the The Tropical Andes Cordillera has a complex drier land that surrounds them. This contrast is geography and varied climatic conditions, which especially striking in the xerophytic puna. Bofedales support an enormous heterogeneity of ecosystems are also called “oconales” in several parts of the and high biodiversity (Sagástegui et al. -
Hydrochemical Evaluation of Changing Glacier Meltwater Contribution To
(b) Rio Santa U53A-0703 4000 Callejon de Huaylas Contour interval = 1000 m 3000 0S° Hydrochemical evaluation of changing glacier meltwater 2000 Lake Watershed Huallanca PERU 850'° 4000 Glacierized Cordillera Blanca ° Colcas Trujillo 6259 contribution to stream discharge, Callejon de Huaylas, Perú 78 00' 8S° Negra Low Cordillera Blanca Paron Chimbote SANTA LOW Llullan (a) 6395 Kinzl ° Lima 123 (c) Llanganuco 77 20' Lake Titicaca Bryan G. Mark , Jeffrey M. McKenzie and Kathy A. Welch Ranrahirca 6768 910'° Cordillera Negra 16° S 5000 La Paz 1 >4000 m in elevation 4000 Buin Department of Geography, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA,[email protected] ; 6125 80° W 72° W 3000 2 Marcara 5237 Department of Earth Sciences, Syracuse University, Syracuse New York, 13244, USA,[email protected] ; Anta 5000 Glaciar Paltay Yanamarey 3 JANGAS 6162 4800 Byrd Polar Research Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA, [email protected] YAN Quilcay 5322 5197 Huaraz 6395 4400 Q2 4800 SANTA2 (d) 4400 Olleros watershed divide4400 ° Q1 Q3 4000 ABSTRACT 77 00' Querococha Yanayacu 950'° 3980 2 Q3 The Callejon de Huaylas, Perú, is a well-populated 5000 km watershed of the upper Rio Santa river draining the glacierized Cordillera 4000 Pachacoto Lake Glacierized area Blanca. This tropical intermontane region features rich agricultural diversity and valuable natural resources, but currently receding glaciers Contour interval = 200 m 2 0 2 4km are causing concerns for future water supply. A major question concerns the relative contribution of glacier meltwater to the regional stream SETTING The Andean Cordillera Blanca of Perú is the most glacierized mountain range in the tropics. -
Landsat TM and ETM+ Derived Snowline Altitudes in the Cordillera Huayhuash and Cordillera Raura, Peru, 1986–2005
The Cryosphere, 5, 419–430, 2011 www.the-cryosphere.net/5/419/2011/ The Cryosphere doi:10.5194/tc-5-419-2011 © Author(s) 2011. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Landsat TM and ETM+ derived snowline altitudes in the Cordillera Huayhuash and Cordillera Raura, Peru, 1986–2005 E. M. McFadden1,*,**, J. Ramage1, and D. T. Rodbell2 1Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lehigh University, 1 West Packer Ave., Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA 2Geology Department, Union College, Schenectady, NY 12308, USA *now at: Byrd Polar Research Center, The Ohio State University, 1090 Carmack Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA **now at: School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University, 275 Mendenhall Laboratory, 125 S. Oval Mall, Columbus, OH 43210, USA Received: 13 August 2010 – Published in The Cryosphere Discuss.: 6 October 2010 Revised: 10 March 2011 – Accepted: 4 May 2011 – Published: 23 May 2011 Abstract. The Cordilleras Huayhuash and Raura are remote and better-known Cordillera Blanca, and has 117 glaciers glacierized ranges in the Andes Mountains of Peru. A robust covering ∼85 km2 (Morales Arnao, 2001). Peaks are typ- assessment of modern glacier change is important for under- ically over 6000 m a.s.l., with the highest peak recorded at standing how regional change affects Andean communities, 6617 m a.s.l. (Nevado Yerupaja).´ The Cordillera Raura, lo- and for placing paleo-glaciers in a context relative to mod- cated to the southeast of the Cordillera Huayhuash, has ern glaciation and climate. Snowline altitudes (SLAs) de- a slightly smaller (55 km2) glacier area (Morales Arnao, rived from satellite imagery are used as a proxy for modern 2001). -
Folleto Inglés (1.995Mb)
Impressive trails Trekking in Áncash Trekking trails in Santa Cruz © J. Vallejo / PROMPERÚ Trekking trails in Áncash Áncash Capital: Huaraz Temperature Max.: 27 ºC Min.: 7 ºC Highest elevation Max.: 3090 meters Three ideal trekking trails: 1. HUAYHUASH MOUNTAIN RANGE RESERVED AREA Circuit: The Huayhuash Mountain Range 2. HUASCARÁN NATIONAL PARK SOUTH AND HUARAZ Circuit: Olleros-Chavín Circuit: Day treks from Huaraz Circuit: Quillcayhuanca-Cójup 3. HUASCARÁN NATIONAL PARK NORTH Circuit: Llanganuco-Santa Cruz Circuit: Los Cedros-Alpamayo HUAYHUASH MOUNTAIN RANGE RESERVED AREA Circuit: Huayhuash Mountain Range (2-12 days) 45 km from Chiquián to Llámac to the start of the trek (1 hr. 45 min. by car). This trail is regarded one of the most spectacular in the world. It is very popular among mountaineering enthusiasts, since six of its many summits exceed 6000 meters in elevation. Mount Yerupajá (6634 meters) is one such example: it is the country’s second highest peak. Several trails which vary in length between 45 and 180 kilometers are available, with hiking times from as few as two days to as many as twelve. The options include: • Circle the mountain range: (Llámac-Pocpa-Queropalca Quishuarcancha-Túpac Amaru-Uramaza-Huayllapa-Pacllón): 180 km (10-12 days). • Llámac-Jahuacocha: 28 km (2-3 days). Most hikers begin in Llámac or Matacancha. Diverse landscapes of singular beauty are clearly visible along the treks: dozens of rivers; a great variety of flora and fauna; turquoise colored lagoons, such as Jahuacocha, Mitucocha, Carhuacocha, and Viconga, and; the spectacular snow caps of Rondoy (5870 m), Jirishanca (6094 m), Siulá (6344 m), and Diablo Mudo (5223 m). -
Trekking Como Actividad Turística Alternativa Para El Desarrollo Local Del Distrito De Olleros, Provincia De Huaraz
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL MAYOR DE SAN MARCOS FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ADMINISTRATIVAS E.A.P. DE ADMINISTRACIÓN DE TURISMO Trekking como actividad turística alternativa para el desarrollo local del Distrito de Olleros, Provincia de Huaraz TESIS Para optar el Título Profesional de Licenciado en Administración de Turismo AUTOR Leydi Elsa Ramos Ledesma ASESOR Fray Masías Cruz Reyes Lima – Perú 2015 DEDICATORIA Con cariño y aprecio a Dios, mis queridos padres y hermanos por su apoyo y paciencia para el logro de este objetivo. 2 AGRADECIMIENTOS Este trabajo de tesis realizado es un esfuerzo que involucró el apoyo directo e indirecto de distintas personas; por ello deseo expresar mi agradecimiento a aquellos que me dieron su apoyo incondicional durante el desarrollo del trabajo de investigación. Al profesor Fray Cruz, profesor y guía, por su incansable apoyo en la corrección y asesoramiento de este trabajo de tesis. A mis padres y hermanos quienes estuvieron para brindarme toda su ayuda, a mis compañeros y amigos por su motivación. Asimismo a Carla, Carol, Claudia, Lorena, Sigrid, Verónica, Yulissa y Zully por su ayuda en la corrección y apoyo en el trabajo de campo. A los representantes de SERNANP - Huaraz, el Sr. Clodoaldo Figueroa y el Sr. Edson Ramírez. Asimismo, a representantes de la Asociación de Servicio de Auxiliares de Alta Montaña del Sector Olleros - Chavín, el Sr. Calixto Huerta y el Sr. Jorge Martel por su apoyo en las entrevistas realizadas. A representantes y estudiantes de la Escuela de Turismo de la Universidad Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo de Huaraz por las facilidades brindadas para la obtención de información de libros y tesis de la universidad referente a la actividad estudiada. -
Mapping the Cordillera Huayhuash Digital Alpine Cartography with Imperfect Data
Mapping the Cordillera Huayhuash Digital Alpine Cartography with Imperfect Data Martin Gamache Digital Cartographer Alpine Mapping Guild 1 Kenney St #2, Jamaica Plain, MA 02130 USA [email protected] www.alpinemapguild.com This paper will examine the issues involved in creating a topographic map for an audience of recreationists (climbers, trekkers, and hikers) for a remote mountain area of Peru. The Cordillera Huayhuash, a sub range of the Cordillera Occidental of the Peruvian Andes, is a compact but impressive massif located a few kilometers south of the better known Cordillera Blanca. Like its sister range it was initially surveyed and mapped in the 30’s by an Österreichischen Alpenverein (Alpenvereinskarte/ D.O.A.V.) party. Since then the range has been remapped by the Peruvian I.G.N. at 1:100,000 scale. The two map sheets covering the range while useful do not meet the requirements of climbers and hikers. Unlike the D.O.A.V. sheets (Cordillera Blanca North and South) covering the Cordillera Blanca which are in the process of being updated and reissued, it may be years before the Cordillera Huayhuash sheet is revised by the prestigious European group. Other recreational maps also fail to meet the needs of this special group of users. In the fall of 1999 the Alpine Mapping Guild obtained digital topographic data to the Cordillera Huayhuash and has been preparing a shaded relief topographic map of the range. Initial quality control verification work was done in the field during the 2000 climbing season by the AMG. A first edition of the map is planned for release in late spring of 2002.This paper reviews previously available maps to the areas and how the AMG map improves upon this work to serve its audience’s special needs. -
Northern Peru and Huascarán National Park, Cordillera Blanca
Birding Ecotours Peru Birding Adventure: June 2012 Northern Peru and Huascarán National Park, Cordillera Blanca By Eduardo Ormaeche Yellow-faced Parrotlet (all photos by Ken Logan) TOTAL SPECIES: 507 seem, including 44 country endemics (heard only excluded) Itinerary Day 1, June 1st. Arrival in Lima and transfer to the hotel. Overnight Lima Day 2, June 2nd. Explore the Pucusana beach and Puerto Viejo wetlands. Overnight Lima Day 3, June 3rd. Explore the Lomas de Lachay National Reserve. Overnight Barranca Day 4, June 4th. Drive from Barranca to Huaraz. Explore Lake Conococha. Overnight Huaraz Day 5, June 5th. Explore Huascarán (Cordillera Blanca) National Park (Llanganuco Lake and Doña Josefa Trail). Overnight Huaraz Day 6, June 6th. Explore Huascarán National Park (Portachuelo de Huayhuash mountain pass). Overnight Huaraz Day 7, June 7th. Explore Pueblo Libre, Huaylas, and drive to the coast. Overnight Casma Day 8, June 8th. Drive from Casma to Trujillo. Explore Cerro Campana and Chan Chan archeological site. Overnight Trujillo Day 9, June 9th. Explore Sinsicap and drive to Chiclayo. Overnight Chiclayo Day 10, June 10th. Explore Bosque de Pómac Historical Sanctuary and drive towards Olmos. Overnight Bosque de Frejolillo (Quebrada Limón) safari camping Day 11, June 11th. Explore Bosque de Frejolillo and drive to Salas. Overnight Los Faiques Lodge Day 12, June 12th. Drive to the Porculla Pass and to Jaén. Overnight Jaén Day 13, June 13th. Explore the Gotas de Agua Private Reserve, visit the Huembo hummingbird center, drive to Pomacochas. Overnight Pomacochas Day 14, June 14th. Drive towards Abra Patricia. Overnight Long-whiskered Owlet Lodge (LWO) Day 15, June 15th. -
Peruvian World Class Copper
Peruvian World class copper 2018 SUSTAINABILITY REPORT Peruvian world class copper 2018 SUSTAINABILITY REPORT ANTAMINA · Reporte de Sostenibilidad 2018 3 Índex 1 2 3 4 5 Message from 2018 We are Antamina Talent We all build Environmental About GRI content the CEO and in figures excellence. ADN at its max development commitment this report index President We are of Antamina Antamina p. 4 p. 5 p. 8 p. 20 p. 27 p. 37 p. 47 p. 55 p. 56 ANTAMINA · 2018 Sustainability Report 4 Letter from the President and CEO GRI 102-14 Dear Friends: With great satisfaction we present the 2018 Sustainability Report, which renews our As in previous reports, in this document we also give account of our specific commit- commitment to the excellent performance of Antamina’s operations, as well as to ment to the region that welcomes us. During 2018, more than 40% of our employees the transparency in our economic, social and environmental performance. came from Ancash. We also make local purchases for about US$ 40 million. I am proud to lead one of the most reputable companies in social responsibility and one Our commitment to Ancash also incorporates joint work with the communities in our of the ten great companies to work for in Peru, according to the independent surveys area of influence and with their authorities, under a multi-stakeholder model that performed by reputable rankings. I can attest to the daily effort of all our collabora- equates everyone’s role in the search for a common vision of development. We are, tors, strategic partners and suppliers. -
The Ascent of Rondoy
106 THE ASCENT OF RONDOY THE ASCENT OF RONDOY1 BY DAVID WALL. (Four illustrations: nos. 38-4I) HE London School of Economics Mountaineering Club sent an expedition to the Cordillera de Raura in Peru in 1961. The leader of that successful expedition Peter Bebbington later went on a reconnaissance of the Cordillera Huayhuash. He was impressed by everything he saw there, especially by Rondoy, which he knew had defeated Walter Bonatti earlier that year. He arrived back in England in May, 1962, after working for Griffiths of the Peruvian Times as do most expedition leaders in Peru, it seems. He arrived back to discover that Dave Condict and I, both at L.S.E., were planning an expedition. We had been unable to go out in '61 and were hoping to make up for it in '63. We had nowhere particular in mind and Pete found it easy to persuade us to adopt Rondoy as our objective. By Christmas, 1962, we had three more members Graham Sadler and Charles Powell they also had wanted to go out in '61 but had somehow not managed it and Vic Walsh. While Pete was in Lima working for the Peruvian Times, he met the advance party of the New Zealand 1962 Andean Expedition; this consisted of Vic Walsh and Pete Farrell. 2 After that expedition Vic came to London his home town to work in Fleet Street, we were all able to meet him, and on Pete's suggestion invited him to join us. Vic's inclusion greatly increased the strength of the expedition, and the Mount Everest Foundation agreed to ~upport us. -
Base-Metal Deposits of the Cordillera Negra Departamento De Ancash, Peru
Base-Metal Deposits of the Cordillera Negra Departamento de Ancash, Peru GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN! 1040 Prepared in cooperation with the Ministerio de Fomento, lnstituto Geologico del Peru, under the auspices of the Interdepartmental Committee on Scientific and Cultural Cooperation with the American Republics Department of State Base-Metal Deposits of the Cordillera Negra Departamento de TAn cash, Peru ' By ALFRED J BODENLOS and JOHN A. STRACZEK GEOLOGIC INVESTIGATIONS IN THE AMERICAN REPUBLICS GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1040 Prepared in cooperation with the Ministerio de Fomento, lnstituto Geologico del Peru, under the auspices of the Interdepartmental Committee on Scientific and Cultural Cooperation with the American Republics Department of State UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON • 1957 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FRED A. SEATON, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas B. Nolan, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U S Government Printin~ Office Washin~ton 25, D C. CONTENTS Pag£> Abstract---------------------------------------------------------- 1 Introduction------------------------------------------------------ 2 GeographY---------------------------------------------------- 3 TransportatiOn routes _____ -----________________________________ 7 LocatiOn of mmeral deposits_ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ __ __ _ __ _ __ __ __ _ 8 Prevwus geologic work_________________________________________ 10 Field work and acknowledgments________________________________ 10 GeologY---------------------------------------------------------- -
Follow the Water: Emerging Issues of Climate Change and Conflict in Peru
Follow the Water: Emerging Issues of Climate Change and Conflict in Peru CMM Discussion Paper No. 5 June 2012 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Jeffrey Stark, Sergio Guillén, and Cynthia Brady. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The field research team would like to acknowledge the important contributions of Claudia Rohrhirsch and Fernando Chávez of USAID/Peru, who coordinated the team’s meetings and provided valuable guidance and input during the study. The team also would like to extend its sincere thanks to Dr. Karen Kraft and her colleagues at AEDES, who provided gracious assistance and made key interviews possible in Arequipa Region, and to the TMI team in Huaraz. CREDITS: This report was written by Jeffrey Stark of the Foundation for Environmental Security and Sustainability (FESS) based on field research in Peru conducted by Jeffrey Stark, Sergio Guillén, FESS consultant, and Cynthia Brady, Senior Conflict Advisor, Office of Conflict Management and Mitigation, USAID. COVER PHOTO: FESS MOUNT HUASCARÁN, ANCASH REGION, PERU Follow the Water: Emerging Issues of Climate Change and Conflict in Peru CMM Discussion Paper No. 5 DISCLAIMER Discussion Papers have been commissioned by the Office of Conflict Management and Mitigation to initiate or advance consideration of important issues of conflict prevention or peacebuilding. As such they are not official documents. The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States -
A Survey of Andean Ascents 1961-1970
ML A Survey of Andean Ascents 1961-1970 A Survey of Andean Ascents: 1961~1970 Part I. Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru. EVELIO ECHEVARR~A -,!!.-N the years 1962 and 1963, the American A/pine Journal published “A survey of Andean ascents”. It included climbs dating back to the activity deployed by the Andean In- dians in the early 1400’s to the year 1960 inclusive. This present survey attempts to continue the former by covering all traceable Andean ascents that took place from 1961 to 1970 inclusive. Hopefully the rest of the ascents (in Bolivia, Chile and Argentina) will be published in 1974. The writer feels indebted to several mountaineers who readily pro- vided invaluable help: the editor of this journal, Mr. H. Adams Carter, who suggested and directed this project: Messrs. John Ricker (Canada), Olaf Hartmann (Germany) and Mario Fantin (Italy), who all gave advice on several ranges, particularly in Peru. Besides, the following persons also provided important information that helped to solve a good many problems on the history and geography of Andean peaks: Messrs. D.F.O. Dangar and T.S. Blakeney (Great Britain), Ben Curry (Great Britain-Colombia), Ichiro Yoshizawa (Japan), Hans-Dieter Greul and Christian Jahl (Germany), J. Monroe Thorington, Stanley Shepard and John Peyton (United States) and Christopher Jones (Great Britain- United States). The American Alpine Club, through its secretary, Miss Margot McKee, helped immensely by loaning books and journals. To all these persons I express my gratitude. This survey has been compiled mostly from mountaineering and scientific literature, as well as from correspondence and conversation with mountaineers.