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Home , Shades State Park, Turkey Run State Park, Versailles State Park, Wyandotte Caves

enjoy In iana THE QUESTION of a state's right to use eminent domain for the acquisition of land for conservation purposes took a strange twist in a recent ruling by a local judge in an Indiana Circuit Court. Condemnation proceedings had been instituted to acquire two pieces of land that were to be partially covered by water in a projected lake program. The attorney for the landowners contested the necessity of taking the entire parcel as contrasted to the portion that would be inundated. After nearly a year of legal enlargements, a ruling was obtained which, if permitted to stand, actually grants shoreline ownership to two tract owners out of the seventy-five parties that had portions covered by the projected lake. This ruling has done what no previous ruling concerning the state has ever done before. It takes the decision as to construction, development, use, and management away from the administrative branch of government and places it in the hands of the local courts.

Obviously, (whether you are a lawyer or not) it was never the intent of the statute for eminent domain decisions, to have individual cases, to be determined by the local courts. Damages for taking is another matter, and one which is clearly best decided by local courts. On the other hand, when public funds are used by a state to provide a regional or statewide service, it appears that the administrative branch of government is in a far better position to determine what should be or should not be acquired in the public interest.

In the acquisition of land for public use everyone should receive his just dues; and, by the same token, no one should benefit unduly by the program as a result of the expenditure of public funds.

Boundary or acquisition lines are determined by an agency according to long range development plans for the maximum and best use of that particular acquisition. Maybe the best example of why the necessity of taking is clearly an administrative matter can be illustrated by citing a court ruling stating that the state highway could not take additional land that might be necessary for a cloverleaf or passing lane because the judge did not agree with the engineering plans.

Can you imagine how our roads would look, or how fast we could progress, if local courts determined what should be the right-of-way? The answer is obvious.

Planning for conservation purposes is no different; engineers, park specialists, biologists, etc., are in a much better position to know what is required for the development of an area than a local judge, subject to the pressures brought by locally prominent individuals and/or their attorneys. The repercussions of such an illogical decision could stymie any positive conservation program throughout a state for many years to come. Any public official has a greater obligation to his successors than any temporary relief that a short-sighted ruling might give.

I think it goes without saying that the ruling is being appealed to the Supreme Court. The matter, of course, is time-consuming and further delays the development of a sound program of conservation. As I have stated before, land acquisition is one of our most difficult and trying problems in natural resource development. This problem is even more serious when such rulings are made by the courts, contrary to accepted law or fact.

DONALD E. FOLTZ, Director Indiana Department of Conservation OUTDOOR INDIANA

MATTHEW E. WELSH, Governor RICHARD O. RISTINE, Lieutenant Governor Commissioner of Agriculture

INDIANA DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION Donald E. Foltz, Director, Clinton

Commission: Anton (Tony) Hulman, Jr., Chairman, Terre Haute John A. Hillenbrand II, Batesville The Hon. Paul D. Ewan, Lafayette Wilbur Yates, Vincennes

DIVISIONS AND DIRECTORS

Enforcement-Harold D. Raisor Oil and Gas-Homer R. Brown Engineering-Henry C. Prange State Parks-Kenneth R. Cougill Entomology-John J. Favinger Water Resources-Charles H. Bechert Fish and Game-Woodrow W. Fleming Accounting-Harold B. Smith Forestry-Robert D. Raisch Public Information- Geological Survey-John B. Patton Purchasing-Anthony E. Sheppard CONTENTS WYANDOTTE AND MARENGO CAVES IN CRAWFORD COUNTY ...... 2 A NEW RX FOR OLD WOODLANDS ...... 5 OUR NEW FISH PROPAGATION PROGRAM ...... 8 JACOB WHETZEL: FORGOTTEN HOOSIER ...... WE HELP TO PLAN YOUR VACATION .... 16 NEW SOGRA M ...... 28 KNOW YOUR INDIANA BIRDS . . 30 BEAGLE CHAMPIONSHIP TRIALS ......

Cover: Paper sculpture depicting vacationing family visiting George Rogers Clark Memorial at Vincennes. Sculpture and color photograph by George Paton Studios, Indianapolis.

Vol. VII, No. 1 OUTDOOR INDIANA July, 1963

Published -monthly by the Indiana Department of Conservation, 6th Floor, State Office Building, Indian- apolis 9. Second-class mail privileges authorized at Indianapolis, Indiana. Out-of-state subscription $2.00. Change rate of address should be reported promptly. Permission to reprint any material in this pub- lication may be granted to responsible parties upon written application to the editor.

*0 1~ HAffErS1 a©inay

Caves IHm c~caawked CommayC

MARENGO CAVE,' renowned for its "nature's paint brush." Cave Hill Ceme- beauty, is located near the town of Ma- tery, an unusual array of great numbers rengo in scenic Crawford County. It is of stalagmites ranging from white to forty miles west of New Albany, eighty- dark-colored marble in appearance which five miles east of Evansville and one-half seem to be "markers" or "tombstones" mile from the crossing of Indiana State standing on the slope of the floor. Roads 64 and 66. Accommodations at Marengo Cave in- This cave was formed by the slow clude a picnic area with good drinking removal of solid limestone by waters water, shelter house, rest rooms and sou- which seeped into the rocks along the venir shop. cracks and bedding planes. A subterra- Wyandotte Cave, a miracle in lime- nean stream greatly enlarged the under- stone, is entered by a natural cleft in the ground runways, producing the expan- side of a limestone cliff beautifully set in sive cavern which is seen today. Its spa- the midst of a scenic woodland. Located cious rooms, arched ceilings and many on Indiana State Road 62 in Crawford formations always make an interesting County at the town of Wyandotte, 30 trip through a natural wonderland full miles west of New Albany between Cory- of interest and awe. don and Leavenworth in the beautiful The temperature is 54 degrees con- Southern Indiana hills, it makes an ideal stantly. The cave is electrically lighted vacation spot. Accommodations include throughout and all tours are accompanied the Wyandotte Lodge - a modern air- by courteous and well-informed guides. conditioned motel, Wyandotte Cabins- The slight deviation in elevation through- modern cabins in a cool woodland set- out the cave makes it an easy, safe and ting, an attractive dining room and a pic- enjoyable tour for all ages. nic grove with outdoor grills. There are In the subterranean world of Marengo woodland trails for hiking and streams Cave you will be thrilled by many infor fishing. Golf and swimming may be spiring formations such as The Rock of enjoyed at the Corydon Country Club. Ages, a mammoth formation 470 feet in Wyandotte Cave is said to be the most circumference and 30 feet tall rising from interesting cavern in America. As one the floor of the cave. Embellished by treads its stately corridors, he is amazed scores of icicle-like stalactites hanging in at the evidence of nature's patience and drapery fashion and numerous stalag- craftsmanship in the carving of its walls, mites standing in guardian array, the domes and subterranean rooms, as well Rock of Ages can well be called a monu- as nature's artistry in the weaving of its ment to time. The PillaredPalace, a rare beautiful and delicate formation. This and captivating sight of literally hun- unusual variety of formation is in the dreds of pillars stained and colored by shape of stalactites, stalagmites, helic-

Page 2 * OUTDOOR INDIANA July, 1963 CRYSTAL PALACE Marengo Cave's most beautiful room. All types of formations are found here; stalactites, stalagmites, sta- lacto-stalagmites, flow- stones, etc.

THE ROCK OF AGES World's largest group of formations is located in Wyandotte Cave. The base is more than 100 feet in circumference.

July, 1963 Marengo and Wyandotte caves are located within a few miles of many vacation attractions as shown on the above map.

tites, flowers of gypsum, calcite and ep- Wyandotte Cave is the only cave in som salt crystals. In fact, Wyandotte has America that shows every type of cave every form of cave formation as well as formation on one route. being the second largest cavern in the It has more of the rare helictite forma- world. It has been called the "most inter- tions than any other cave in the world. esting cave in America" owing to its The beauty of this delicate formation spectacular size and exquisite beauty. cannot be described. In many instances it Wyandotte has five distinct floor levels is found as delicate and white as shred- and twenty-three miles of explored pas- ded cocoanut. sageways-as well as many unexplored Wyandotte Cave is an old-age cave regions. Wyandotte is a dry cave, easy and free of hazards. It is a dry cave, of access. Vegetable matter will dry up although formed by an underground but never decay. river at one time. It is entirely of lime- When you see Wyandotte Cave, you stone and safer than the heaviest ma- have an idea of caves in general-as to sonry. Competent and courteous guides delicate formation, spectacular size and accompany all parties. subterranean beauty. Wyandotte Cave is naturally air-con- Wyandotte Cave has the largest under- ditioned. The air is fresh, pure and invig- ground room of any known cave in the orating and has a constant temperature world. This room is a quarter of a mile of fifty-two degrees the year around. in circumference, 225 feet high. A visit to the underground fairylands It has the largest underground moun- of these famous Hoosier caves in Craw- tain of any known cave - Monument ford County will be a never-forgotten Mountain, 175 feet high--which has trip. Other nearby points of interest are been featured by Ripley in his "Believe shown on the accompanying map. Visit It or Not." this area this year! A

Page 4 * OUTDOOR INDIANA July, 1963 A New j For Old Woodlands

BY JERRY H. REYBURN Forester

PATCH CLEAR-CUTTING of wood- merits and demerits. This system lands will become increasingly pop- tended to encourage the growth of ular as a method of harvesting timber trees that live in the shade and are and encouraging a more rapid regen- less desirable because of their rel- eration of tulip poplar trees. atively slow growth compared to trees In the past, we have used "single that grow in sunlight. tree selection" in our harvesting of Now, more groups and areas of timber, which means each tree was trees will be examined and decisions examined for cutting on its own about harvesting will be made on their

New technique in timber cutting has created this tulip poplar growth in five years.

July, 1963 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 5 Tulip Pop/ar Seed Tree

Tulip Pop/ea Seed Tee

RULE OF THUMB FOR CREATING OPENINGS mutual merits, because of the research puzzled the researchers because this that has been conducted in forestry area of Southern Ohio is now covered methods. by an oak forest about eighty years At the Vinton Furnace Experi- old that sprang up after the whole mental Forest near Chillicothe, Ohio, area had been clear cut for fuelwood U. S. Forest Service research fores- to feed the iron smelting furnaces lo- ters noted that tree species that grew cated there after the Civil War. Why well in sunlight, such as the tuliptree, had tulip poplar and other light-loving spring up "as thick as the hair on a trees not regenerated after that origi- dog's back" when small cleared open- nal clear cutting? ings were made in the forest. This The answer to this question seems

Page 6 * OUTDOOR INDIANA July, 1963 to lay with the fact that after the dominated forests there, and tulip vast cuttings years ago the area was poplar sprang up profusely. The in- heavily grazed and burned. The young formation was proved to be valid and tuliptrees that did sprout were nipped has been given to foresters for gen- off by hungry cows, hogs and sheep eral application. and then the sprouts that were left Foresters are fully aware that oak were destroyed by fire. Oaks have will always be needed in our forest, long been known to have resistance but they are also aware of its slow to destruction by fire, although fire growth. The timber market demands does harm them, and these trees sur- soft, fast-growing trees . . . and trees vived and eventually dominated the like the tulip poplar best meet this de- forest stands in Southern Ohio. mand. Now that a reliable system is To prove that the tulip tree would available to regenerate this species, reproduce naturally, in small man- foresters will utilize it when and made forest openings, a similar ex- Where it is applicable. periment was necessary. This meant However, recognizing the continued high that experiments that had been made value of veneer quality timber, the oak in Ohio had to be duplicated in and other slow growing trees of equal another place under conditions as worth will receive individual attention and close as possible to the original situ- the former system of "single ation. This step was taken in Paoli tree selection" still applies to them. Experimental Forest of the Hoosier So when your forester suggests National Forest in Orange County, group Indiana. selection for your woodland, remember, he is the doctor with a new Small openings, from one half to prescription for an old woods. Try four acres in size, were made in oak- it! It will work wonders! A

DELUXE PINE CONE This cluster of 63 pine cones was caused by a genetic faciation of the found by a Conservation Department cone producing cells. Cones are Vir- forester in Middle Fork Watershed ginia Pine, Indiana's only native pine. in Perry County. This formation was

July, 1963 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Pge 7 OUR NEW FISH PROPAGATION PROGRAM

I T USED TO BE SAID that all a con- ing the new lakes, and federal hatch- gressman needed to do to insure re- eries again became very busy. Fish election was to get an appropriation from these hatcheries are furnished to build a new fish hatchery in his dis- free to private lake and pond owners. trict. This pleased the fishermen, and The fish are considered the property fishermen are so numerous that if of the pond owner, and he is not ob- you can get all of them to vote for ligated to allow public use of his pond. you, election would be assured. This makes fish from the federal That was back at the time when hatchery more desirable to the pond people in general believed that the owner than fish from state hatcheries, more fish you poured into a lake or where every license holder is consid- stream, regardless of its established ered part owner of the fish. Actually, population, the more there would be there is little demand at state hatch- for the fisherman to catch. As more eries anymore for fish for stocking information was gathered and fishery private ponds. management became a science, this The state fish hatchery movement notion was found to be in error and somewhat parallels that of the fed- many of the federal hatcheries were eral hatcheries. Many hatcheries, both closed and abandoned. state and federal, were constructed Then came the age of the bulldozer back in C.C.C. days, using the labor and powerful earth-moving equip- available from that agency. Indiana ment. Farm ponds and larger arti- had 11 hatcheries going full blast at ficial impoundments were built by the one time, besides many club hatcheries hundreds of thousands - many of over the state. them government-subsidized. Now Most of the club and much of the millions of fish were needed for stock- state hatchery effort was directed to- BY WOODROW FLEMING Director Division of Fish & Game Indiana Department of Conservation

ward the production of bluegills, as in combination with northern pike, they were easily raised and there was walleyes, channel catfish, and eastern a general feeling that our lakes might pickerel are also being tested here. run out of bluegill most any time. The In 1961, the Tri-Lakes Hatchery in Division of Fish and Game paid the Whitley County ceased hatchery op- clubs for raising and releasing game eration. The ponds are small and shal- fish. A club could earn up to $500.00. low with dark mud bottoms. A few By 1956, the Division was attempt- days of early spring sunshine warmed ing to ease out of the hatchery busi- the water quickly, and the black bot- ness, and the Maxinkuckee Hatchery toms readily absorbed the sunlight to in Marshall County was abandoned. let spawning begin early. Late spring It is still state property but is now freezes chilled the water just as leased to an active club in that coun- quickly, and usually the eggs or fry ty for production of fish and for rec- were killed. To keep the ponds in reational use. production, fry from nearby lakes In 1957, fish culture at the Drift- were dipped by hatchery workers and wood Hatchery in the Jackson State reared in ponds - then they were Forest in Jackson County was dis- transferred back to lakes and streams continued, and it became a fishery re- for restocking purposes. This has been search station. A trained biologist now common 'practice in several of our operates its nine ponds to gain infor- small hatcheries. Large willow trees mation on various panfish-predator have been allowed to grow on the species combinations. K n o w l e d g e levees at Tri-Lakes. These trees are gained here will be passed on to man- scenic, but they remove water from agement biologists and pond owners the ponds like siphons, and their roots for better pond management. Bluegill have caused the levees to leak badly.

Hatchery Farm No. 2, containing 85 rearing ponds for future bass production. The water supply from nearby Shrin- and Riverside Hatcheries were closed, er Lake is uncertain. This property the Division of Fish and Game dis- serves a good purpose at present as continued its policy of indiscriminate District 2 Fisheries Management annual restocking of all lakes and Headquarters, with a trained fisheries streams of the state. The past two management biologist stationed there, years, the seven hatcheries that re- working for better management of main have had sufficient production lakes in that quarter of the state. to supply fish for new state lakes, re- Some of the ponds are used for tem- novated state lakes, and those new porary storage of fish. private lakes that desired state hatchery fish. The emphasis has been large- year, the River- Later in the same ly on bass production. Our stepped-up side Hatchery in Indianapolis was lake renovation and lake building pro- closed, partly because State Highway grams will continue to be supplied Engineers had previously informed from those hatcheries and from fish the Department of Conservation that supplied to the state by the federal the new route of Interstate Highway hatcheries. 65 was scheduled to pass directly through this property. Iron pipes and Now the picture has changed again. valves were rusting out and the A series of large flood control reser- screens no longer kept carp and bull- voirs are under construction in Indi- heads in the nearby creek from en- ana. In the next eight years, six proj- tering the ponds and becoming a part ects will be completed totaling more of the hatchery production. A bill for than 20,000 acres of new waters. $10,000.00 was presented from a There will be others later. Our own neighboring property owner f or 1300-acre lake on the Glendale State dredging the ditch that supplied much Fish and Game Area will be com- of the water for the ponds. Main- pleted in 1964, and two small water- tenance of the property as a park and shed lakes will be completed this showplace added to the expense, and year with more to follow. Indiana has it was decided to drop the lease wiih never before been favored with such the city and cease operation of the a large but challenging stocking prob- hatchery. lem. State hatchery ponds remain in op- The watersheds are so large in eration at seven sites. They are Wa- some of the flood-control projects that wasee in Kosciusko County, Fawn it is not feasible to kill out all of the River in Steuben, Bass Lake in fish already present in the stream Starke, Scales Lake in Warrick, Lin- and ponds. In this situation, it is coln in Spencer, Ferdinand in Du- deemed best to stock the newly im- bois and Avoca in Lawrence County. pounded water with adult bass at the Scales, Lincoln, and Ferdinand are outset, rather than attempt to establish operated out of the headquarters at a dominant population of bass by the Avoca, with the trout rearing station use of fingerlings. on Curtis Creek in La Grange, com- Fingerlings are ideal for stocking pleting our fish rearing properties. new or renovated lakes where there Some of the hatcheries that remain is no competition with fish already are too small for economical opera- present as there will be in most flood- tion. control lakes. Adult bass will survive Also in 1961, when the Tri-Lakes and reproduce when stocked into the

Page 10 * OUTDOOR INDIANA July, 1963 stream population present in the Monroe Reservoir will be the first newly impounded water. and largest of the new impoundments. A minimum of 10,000 adult With the need for large numbers bass will be needed at its completion date of adult bass, it is necessary to find in the fall of 1965. If we large hatchery facilities. The four can produce more, it small hatcheries that have been closed will be so much the better, but 10,000 should could not have met our present needs do the job and bring off a big even if they had been in good work- spawn in the spring of 1966. ing condition. To meet this need, two hatchery farms have been leased from Other species will be added the fol- the Grassyfork Fisheries, Inc., near lowing year. If the bass spawn as Martinsville in Morgan County. A to- they should, and, if the young grow tal of 106 ponds in good condition as they normally do in reservoirs, will be available for our use at that there will be fishing of a quality of place. which Indiana can be truly proud. A

Cattle graze in some unfilled ponds of this leased fish farm before production gets under way. Twenty-one large ponds will soon be planted with bass fingerlings for future reservoir stocking, but minnows are already under production for bass food.

July, 1963 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 11 &F~ 0 0 0d.

FORGOTTEN HOOSIER

BY ARVILLE L. FUNK Head of Social Studies Department Perry East Junior High School

SOLDIER, scout, frontiersman, Indian fighter, pioneer road builder, all of these terms described Jacob Whetzel, one of the most important Hoosiers of the pioneer period in Indiana. Jacob Whetzel was born Septem- ber 16, 1765, in Rockingham County, Virginia. His father, John Whetzel, Sr., was a native of Holland and had emigrated to Pennsylvania in 1747. In 1772, when young Jacob was seven, his family along with ten other fami- lies moved into the Virginia pan- handle, now near Wheeling, West Vir- ginia. The little settlement immediate- ly became the target of various Indian raids and Jacob's father and brother George were victims of these raids. The surviving brothers of the Whet- MORGAN JOHNSON zel clan, Jacob, Martin, Lewis and - - John Jr., soon became legendary for their adventures in Indian fighting. When Jacob was only twelve, he and his brother Lewis were captured by

Page 12 * OUTDOOR INDIANA the Mingo Indians, however they suc- part in the Battle of Tippecanoe with ceeded in escaping after a few days' General Harrison's militia. For his captivity. At the age of sixteen, Jacob performance in the fighting, he was accompanied his brothers as scouts appointed a Captain in the militia, and for a white expedition against the In- this title carried over after the War dian villages near the present site of of 1812. He was remembered until Coshocton, Ohio. Lewis Whetzel be- his death as "Captain Whetzel of came nationally known as a frontier Waverly." leader and Wetzel County, West Vir- A few years after the War of 1812 ginia was named in his honor. Jacob, had ended, Jacob selected a tract of along with Lewis and his other broth- land near Worthington in present day ers served as scouts with General St. Greene County. He discovered that Clair's forces on numerous expedi- to make a journey from Laurel to the tions against the Indians in the North- new tract it would involve a long, dif- west Territory. ficult journey of several weeks. He In 1809, at the age of forty-four, then devised a plan of cutting a direct Jacob and his family moved to the trail or trace through the south cen- new state of Kentucky. Believing this tral part of the state from Laurel to area was becoming too civilized, Jacob the White River. moved two years later to the Indiana Since this area still belonged to the territory. The Whetzel family first Delaware Indians, Jacob traveled to settled near the present site of Laurel, the village of Chief Anderson near along the west fork of the White- the present city of that name. There water River in Franklin County. he received permission from Chief That same year, 1811, Jacob took Anderson to lay out a trace across

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July, 1963 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 13 Whetzel House, Waverly, Indiana the Delaware's land to the bluffs of a lad of eighteen, Thomas Howe, White River. That same year, 1818, Thomas Rush, Richard Rush and the government bought the New Walter Banks. The trace extended Purchase from the Indians, thus all west from Laurel, crossing the Flat of Central Indiana became open to Rock River about seven miles below white settlement. The Whetzel Trace, Rushville. It continued west, crossing as this early trail was named, became Blue River four miles above the pres- the earliest east-west route through ent site of Shelbyville where the central Indiana. It was sixty miles in Marion community is today. From length, through dense primeval forest. Blue River it continued to a ford at It was cut just wide enough for a Sugar Creek, crossing just north of team of oxen and it extended from Boggstown. The trace then entered Jacob's old home at Laurel on the Johnson County, crossing the northern Whitewater River, to the White River part of the county near the present just north of present day Waverly in site of Greenwood. The trace termi- Morgan County. nated at the Bluffs of White River in One of the amazing features of the northeastern Morgan County. trace was that it traveled west on an The trace was completed in 1819 angle of only four degrees, the wes- and Jacob and his son Cyrus immedi- tern point being only five miles north ately decided to relocate on the area of the eastern point, a remarkable around the termination point on the achievement for a backwoods Indian White River bluffs, instead of the fighter with no training in engineer- previous area in Greene Co. they had ing or surveying. selected near Worthington. They Whetzel's party in blazing the trace cleared and planted a large field of was composed of his son Cyrus, then corn, then left on the return journey

Page 14 * OUTDOOR INDIANA July, 1963 to Laurel to bring the rest of the fam- became the new capital instead of ily to the new farm on White River. the Indianapolis site. With the opening of the New Pur- Jacob continued to live in the vi- chase, the Whetzel Trace became the cinity of Waverly until his death on main avenue for settlers wanting to July 2, 1827 at the age of sixty-two. settle in the western part of that area. He was buried in a small family The trace had been planned originally cemetery on his farm and his grave as just a family road, but it now be- marked with a simple sandstone slab came an important link in the pioneer as graced many of the pioneer graves. road system in the Hoosier State. The little cemetery today is located near State Road 37, about eighteen In 1820, the commissioners ap- miles from the new capital site at pointed to select a new site for a Indianapolis. Several of the descen- state capital visited the Whetzel set- dents of the pioneer road builder still tlement at the White River "Bluffs." reside in Morgan County near the old The commissioners narrowed the Whetzel settlement. capital location to three areas, Wil- Jacob Whetzel's name belongs with liam Conner's trading station south the long list of pioneer Indian fighters of Noblesville, the junction of White in the old Northwest, and his accom- River and Fall Creek, and the Whet- plishments have earned him an hon- zel settlement near Waverly. ored place in our Hoosier history. Al- By the narrow margin of one vote, though Jacob Whetzel may be little three to two, the commissioners de- known by the Hoosiers of today, the cided on the Fall Creek location over importance of the Whetzel Trace will the Whetzel settlement. Thus, Jacob always be an indelible link in our road Whetzel's farm at Waverly almost system of Indiana. A

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JUDY, 1963 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 15 We 0tlpd APo P YOUR

"Where can we vacation in Indiana and find something everyone in the family likes to do?"

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Page 16 .OUTDOOR INDIANA July, 1963 MORE THAN 1000 Conservation De- partment employees devote their full time, year-round, to being of service LOCATION to Hoosiers and out-of-state guests visiting our state parks. Because 70 per cent of the nation's population lives in urban areas, the greater need for outdoor recreational facilities has been recognized by the Conservation Department and plans are being made constantly to improve present facilities and develop new ones, such as the flood control reservoirs now in various stages of construction. Our state parks are also surrounded by many historic sites to make a family vacation trip a combination of leisue, education, and entertainment. Admittedly, Indiana is not endowed with the highest mountains, the great- est lakes or a blue ocean, but what we have, we have developed to the ut- most. * For instance, of 718,132 guest days in all state parks in the country, Indiana alone had about 20%, with our state park system leading all others in number of inn accommodations. * Indiana is 37th in area, 11th in population, but it ranks eighth in camp ground use. * We have taken advantage of our varied topography by developing ev- erything from the sand dunes, through the heart of the hardwood forest areas, on down the Ohio River and the Bald Cypress trees located in Hovey Lake Fish and Game area. So often, tourists' seem to feel that the grass is greener on the other side of the fence. This is not true in In- diana. We feel that the grass is green- est right here and there is no need to go any place else for vacations.

OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 17 BASS LAKE STATE BEACH is a small area on the shore of " Bass Lake - Indiana's fourth largest lake, and the only area on the lake which is available to the public; the rest of the lakeshore being entirely privately owned. It is an attractive outing place with an excellent sloping, sandy beach. Near Knox. 19.87 acres. Recreation facilities itemized below: Campground-Developed facilities Modern Sanitary facilities Concession stand adjoins bathhouse-soft drinks, Picnicking sandwiches Pure drinking water Fishing Swimming-bathhouse

BROWN COUNTY STATE PARK comprises 15,332 acres of the famous Brown County hill country, widely known as the home of Abe Martin and the location for numerous artists. It is typical Southern Indiana hill land, heavily wooded and noted for its remarkable brilliant fall coloring. Near Nashville. Recreation facilities itemized below: Abe Martin Lodge and cabins accommodate 128 Horseback riding-100 miles of trails (saddle guests (American Plan) barn) Archery range Horseshoes Cabins at Lodge-24-2, 3 and 4 bedrooms for Inn (See Abe Martin Lodge, American Plan) sleeping only; private bath Meals served at Lodge Campground-Limited facilities Modern sanitary facilities Children's playground equipment Naturalist service Concession stands near wildlife exhibit, fire Park drives-27 miles tower, and one at bathhouse-soft drinks, Picnic areas and equipment-shelters sandwiches, souvenirs Pure drinking water Facilities for group meetings-outdoor amphi- Recreation field theater and shelters Swimming pool and bathhouse Fishing in two lakes (Ogle and Strahl). Swim- Wildlife exhibit of native birds, mammals and ming and boating not permitted. reptiles Hiking-9 miles of foot trails

CHAIN O' LAKES STATE PARK under development in Noble County near Albion; currently composed of 1,573.16 acres. Land acquisition incomplete. Facilities are limited, but include: Picnicking Boats-state boats available (motors not per. Pure drinking water mitted) Swimming Campground-Limited facilities Concession CLIFTY FALLS STATE PARK, comprising 668.00 acres, is a high wooded plateau, cut by a deep canyon overlooking the Ohio River. The various falls occurring in Clifty Creek and Little Clifty Creek form some of the points of interest. Near Madison. /7 Recreation facilities itemized below: Campground-Developed facilities Inn-54 rooms, Inn and Annex capacity 143 Children's playground equipment (American Plan) Concession stands-soft drinks, sandwiches, etc. Meals at Inn at Poplar Grove Shelter and Clifty Falls Modern sanitary facilities Shelter Naturalist service Facilities for group meetings-shelters and Inn Park drives-6 miles lobby Picnic areas Hiking-12 miles of trails Pure drinking water Horseback riding-10 miles of trails (saddle barn) Recreation field

Page 18 * OUTDOOR INDIANA July, 1963 INDIANA DUNES STATE PARK (2,182.43 acres) embraces three miles of the finest sand beach on Lake Michigan. The park is noted chiefly for the numerous sand dunes, both moving and fixed, which occur in this region. It is one of the very few places where the sand dunes have been preserved for the public. Behind the dunes are densely forested areas including a large section of marsh land. The Plant life of the area is exceedingly interesting since it in- cludes such northern species as pines, blueberries, various forms of juniper and through nearly the whole list of midwestern trees and shrubs down to the flowering cactus. It is perhaps the only area in this state where such a great variety of plant life occurs. Between Michigan City and Gary. Recre- ation facilities itemized below: Cabins, see Inn capacity 117 (American Plan) Campground-Developed facilities Meals-a la carte-sandwiches at Pavilion Concession stand-Wilson Shelter-refreshments, Modern sanitary facilities sandwiches, etc. Naturalist service Facilities for group meetings-shelters Park drives-2.5 miles Grocery near beach parking area Picnic areas and equipment-shelters Group camp-capacity 128 campers and 16 su- Pure drinking water pervisors Recreation fields Hiking-17 miles of trails Swimming-excellent, guarded beach on Lake Inns-Duneside Inn-Inn and cabin capacity 48 Michigan-bathhouse facilities (American Plan)-Dunes Hotel and Pavilion-

"Buddy, there is fishing and swimming in just about all of these parks..."

KANKAKEE RIVER STATE PARK comprises 1,793.99 acres of that vast Kankakee Swamp once famous as a wildlife area. Once partly drained for agricultural purposes, this park will become known in the coming years as a wildlife refuge and fishing grounds. Near Schneider. Recreation facilities itemized below: Fishing Boating permitted. No rental boats Hiking Campground-limited facilities Picnic area Children's playground equipment Pure drinking water Family housekeeping cabins, 6 Sanitary facilities July, 1963 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 19 LIEBER STATE PARK comprises 7,905 acres leased to the Indiana Department of Conservation by the United States De- partment of the Army, Corps of Engineers. The developed area of 561 acres* and facilities is administered by the Division of State Parks. Near Cloverdale. Recreation facilities itemized below: Sathhouse Gasoline for boats Boats-State boats available (motors permitted Hiking up to 18 H.P.) Here is located Cataract Lake Launching ramps of 1500 acres Picnic areas, equipment-shelter Buoys (mooring) Pure Drinking water Campground-Developed facilities Recreation field Concession stands Sanitary facilities Docks Swimming Fishing (*Cataract Lake 1500 acres)

LINCOLN STATE PARK-this state park is Indiana's tribute to Abraham Lincoln and is located near Lincoln City on Ind. 162. The area of 1,540 acres contains winding trails and drives leading to many attractive points within the park; and an 85-acre lake " ~provides fishing, boating and swimming. On this land, Lincoln spent fourteen years as a boy and young man, 1816-1830. Recre- ation facilities itemized below: Artificial lake-85 acres total 155 Boating-State boats available (no motors per- Facilities for group meetings-shelters mitted) Fishing Bathhouse and concession Hiking-5 miles of foot trails Campground-Limited facilities (modern facilities Park drives-3 miles under construction) Picnic areas and equipment-shelters Children's play equipment Sanitary facilities Group camp-capacity 120 campers, 35 staff- Swimming-bathhouse

"This is going to be a whole week of eating, sleeping and loafing . . . and we can always 'hit the trails' for exercise."

Peage20 * OUTDOOR INDIANA July, 1963 McCORMICK'S CREEK STATE PARK (1,224.92 acres), first Indiana State Park, is noted chiefly for the low falls in Mc- Cormick's Creek and the large canyon formed by the creek between the falls and the White River. The canyon is cut through limestone and at one time was thought to be a cave through which the creek ran. There are about 400 acres of beautiful beech, maple, oak and hickory woods located on this area. Near Spencer. Recreation facilities itemized below : Badminton Horseback riding-8 miles of trails (saddle barn) Bicycles Horseshoes Cabins, family housekeeping and primitive type Inn-Canyon Inn-capacity of 143-55 rooms Campfire programs (Naturalist service) (American Plan) Campground-Developed facilities Meals-at Inn Children's playground equipment Modern sanitary facilities Concession stand near picnic area-soft drinks, Museum of natural history sandwiches, etc. Naturalist service Facilities for group meetings-amphitheater and Park drives-5 miles shelters Picnic areas and equipment-shelters Family housekeeping cabins--14-furnished except Pure drinking water for bedding and dishes-4 to 6 people Recreation field Fishing in the White River Swimming pool-bathhouse Group camps-4, accommodating 140, 140, 80, Tennis courts and 24, respectively Wildlife exhibit of native birds, mammals and Hiking-14 miles of foot trails reptiles

MOUNDS STATE PARK (254.46 acres) was set aside as a state park to preserve the rare examples of the Mound Builders' work. The largest work consists of a great earthen mound en- circled by an earthen wall 1200 feet in circumference and 9 feet high. This is said to be Indiana's largest and best preserved example of the Mound Builders' art. The park is in a heavily wooded area bordering the White River and, in addition to the large mound, has several smaller examples of this prehistoric civilization. Near Ander- son. Recreation facilities itemized below: Campground-Limited facilities Horseshoes Children's playground equipment Meals and refreshments-at Pavilion Concession stand and Pavilion-soft drinks, sand- Modern sanitary facilities wiches Park drives-1 mile Facilities for group meetings-shelters, Pavilion Picnic areas and equipment-shelters Fishing in the White River Pure drinking water Hiking-4 miles of foot trails Recreation field Horseback riding-6 miles of trails (saddle barn)

MUSCATATUCK STATE PARK (260.60 acres) is situated on the banks of the Muscatatuck River and'embraces some of the finest scenery found in this region. The area is rugged in charac- ter, cut by deep, rock gorges, and almost wholly covered with trees. Near North Vernon. Recreation facilities itemized below: Fishing .in the Muscatatuck River Park drives-1 mile Group Camp-total capacity 120 (no other Picnic area and equipment-shelter camping) Pure drinking water Hiking-3 miles of trails July, 1963 OUTDOOR INDIANA .Page 21 OUABACHE STATE RECREATION AREA (1,013.00 acres) - Ouabache, the Indian name for Wabash, formerly was operated as a State Game Preserve. It was designated as a State Recreation Area on July 1, 1962. Near Bluffton. Recreation fa- Z 0Icilities itemized below: Baseball diamond Lodge Boating-State boats available (no motors al- Observation tower lowed) on Kunkel Lake Picnicking Camping-Limited facilities Playground equipment Fishing-21-acre lake Tennis courts Hiking Wildlife exhibits of native birds and mammals.

POKAGON STATE PARK (956.25 acres) is in the heart of the Northern Indiana lake country on the shores of Lake James and Snow Lake, in the region where the Potawatomi Indian tribe ruled for many years. The, park takes its name from Pokagon, one of the chiefs. The lakes furnish excellent fishing, boating and bathing throughout the summer. Deer, buffalo and elk constitute the wildlife exhibit. Near Angola. Recreation facilities itemized below:

Archery range Horseshoes Boating on Lake James (boat rentals nearby; Inn-Potawatomi inn-72 rooms including 16 boat ride concession) cabin rooms (American Plan) Inn and cabin Bicycles at Inn capacity 165; 10 motel-type units (air-condi- Cabins, see Inn tioned) Campground-Developed facilities Meals at Potawatomi Inn Children's playground equipment Modern sanitary facilities Concession stands in shelter (summer) and Naturalist service warming hut (winter), soft drinks, sandwiches, Park Drives-5 miles groceries, etc. Picnic areas and equipment-shelters Facilities for group meetings-Inn lobby and Pure drinking water shelter Recreation field Fishing in Lake James and Snow Lake Swimming in Lake James-bathhouse Group camp-total capacity 138 Tennis Hiking-7 miles of trails Wildlife exhibit of native mammals Horseback riding-8 miles of trails (saddle barn) Winter sports-ice skating, skiing, toboggan slide

RACCOON LAKE STATE RECREATION AREA (3,814.45 acres) - Raccoon Lake State Recreation Area was first opened to the public on July 1, 1961. The flood control reservoir, which is the focal point of activity in the Recreation Area, will be approximately 10.1 miles long and have a surface area of 2,100 acres during the summer months. The Recreation Area is located on a 600-acre peninsula which juts out into this fine body of water. Near Rockville. Recreation facilities below:

Bathhouse Gasoline for boats Boats-State boats available Lounching Ramps Campground-Developed facilities Picnic areas Concession stands Pure drinking water Docks Sanitary facilities Fishing Swimming

Page 22 * OUTDOOR INDIANA July, 1963 "Let's go to all of them, Dad, then we don't have to choose."

SCALES LAKE STATE BEACH, a former State Forest, is now administered as a recreation area. It is composed of 477 acres of a one-time strip mine area. It contains a lake with excellent fishing and a beach with good swimming facilities. Near Boonville. Recreation facilites itemized below: Boating-State boats available (no motors per- Fishing mitted) Hiking Campground-Limited facilities Picnic area Concession stand near the bathhouse-soft drinks, Swimming-bathhouse sandwiches, etc.

SHADES STATE PARK was acquired in 1947 as the result of a state-wide public subscription campaign. Located twelve miles east of Turkey Run State Park, its 1,976.97 acres of rugged Sugar Creek terrain have long been famous for its appeal to the hiker who seeks to explore the deep sandstone gorges and quiet trails through virgin woods. Shades Inn offers the park visitor overnight vacation accommodations from late spring to early fall. This Inn is especially adapted for accommodating group meetings and conferences. Near Waveland. Recreation facilities itemized below: Camping-Limited facilities Inn-Shades Inn-29 rooms capacity of 70 (Amer- Children's playground equipment ican Plan) Concession stand-soft drinks, sandwiches, souve- Meals served at Inn nirs Naturalist service Facilities for group meetings-Inn lobby and Pa- Picnic area and small shelter vilion Pure drinking water Fishing in Sugar Creek Sanitary facilities Hiking-6 miles of foot trails Square dancing Horseshoes

July, 1963 OUTDOOR INDIANA " Page 23 SHAKAMAK STATE PARK (1,016.24 acres) is located in the heart of the Indiana coal mining area. Its name is taken from the Indian name for Eel River, which means "River of Long Fish". The park contains two beautiful artificial lakes, Lake Shakamak, 57 acres, and Lake Lenape, 40 acres. The area is used chiefly for swimming and fishing, and as a center for group campers. Near Jasonville. Recreational facilities itemized below:

Artificial lakes-one 40 acres (Lake Lenape) and Group camps-two-total capacity of 30 and 370 one 57 acres (Lake Shakamak) Hiking-7 miles of trails Boating-State boats available (no motors per- Horseback riding-12 miles of trails (saddle mitted barn) Bicycles Meals at Pavilion Campground-Developed facilities Modern sanitary facilities Children's playground equipment Park drives-6 miles Facilities for group meetings-shelters and am- Pavilion-soft drinks, meals, etc. phitheater Picnic areas and equipment-shelters Family housekeeping cabins-accommodates 4 to Pure drinking water 8 persons each; furnished except for bedding Recreation field and dishes Swimming at beach-bathhouse Fishing in both lakes Wildlife exhibit of native birds and mammals

SPRING MILL STATE PARK (1,209.92 acres) is noted for its pioneer village. The chief items of attraction are the reconstructed pioneer village, including the original water-powered grist mill, the reconstructed saw mill, buildings housing the various industries such as the hat shop, the post office, the still house, the boot shop, apothecary shop, lime kilns, etc. In addition to these, many of the original residence buildings either have been reconstructed or other buildings of the same period moved in and built upon original foundations. Aside from the village, there are many caves in the area, the most important of which are Donaldson Cave, Upper and Lower Twin Caves and Bronson Cave, all of which contain rare species of blind fish; also many beautiful and original formations. Boat trips may be taken in Donaldson and Twin Caves; and Lower Twin Cave and Donaldson Cave may be partially explored on foot. No guides are available except for the boat trips. There are approximately 100 acres of virgin woods with some of the largest specimens of white oak and yellow poplar in this section of the country. An artificial lake of approximately 30 acres offers excellent swimming, boating and fishing. Near Mitchell. Recreation facilities itemized below:

Boating-State boats available (no motors per- Inn-Spring Mill Inn-Inn and cabin capacity mitted ) 211 (American Plan) Cabins, see Inn Meals at Inn Campground-Developed facilities Modern sanitary facilities Caves-boat trips through caves Museum-most complete exhibit of pioneer ar- Concession stands near village and in bath- tiles house-soft drinks, ice cream, etc. Naturalist service Children's playground equipment Park drives-6 miles Facilities for group meetings-shelters Picnic areas and equipment-shelter Fishing Pioneer village, mill, industries, dwellings, etc. Hiking-7 miles of trails Pure drinking water Horseback riding-5 miles of trails (saddle barn) Swimming-bathhouse

Page 24 * OUTDOOR INDIANA July, 1963 TIPPECANOE RIVER STATE PARK (2,743.54 acres) is comprised of land originally purchased by the Federal Govern- ment during the early years of CCC (1930's) and was known as a Recreational Demonstration Area. In Pulaski County, near Winamac, the Federal Government purchased land along the Tip- pecanoe River, including some eight miles of the river itself. In April, 1943, this area was turned over to the Indiaia Department of Con- servation. The park facilities consist of camp buildings for group camp use, roads, trails, picnic areas, campground, and the necessary park buildings and utilities for their regular operation. On January 1, 1959, 3,710.78 acres of land located west of U.S. 35 was transferred from this Division to the Division of Fish and Game (Winamac State Fish and Game Area). Near Winamac. Recreation facilities itemized below:

Archery Park drives-10 miles Campground-Developed facilities Picnic area and shelters Facilities for group meetings-shelters Pure drinking water Fishing in Tippecanoe River Recreation field Hiking-12 miles of trails-several miles of bridle Swimming pool-for group camp use only trails; (no saddle barn) Two organized group camps-total capacity 143 Horseshoes and 125. Limited winter use. Modern sanitary facilities

TURKEY RUN STATE PARK (1,520.42 acres), second In- diana State Park, is noted chiefly for its geological formations and rugged canyons formed in the glacial period. There are large tracts of virgin woods located in the area. A nature museum is opened during the summer months. Near Marshall. Recreation facilities itemized below:

Archery range Inn-Turkey Run Inn-Inn and cabin capacity 233 Bicycles (American Plan) Cabins, see Inn Meals at Inn Campground-Developed facilities Modern sanitary facilities Children's playground equipment Naturalist service Concession stand-meals, refreshments, groceries, Nature museum etc. Park drives-3 miles Facilities for group meetings-Inn lobby and Picnic areas and equipment-shelters shelters Pure drinking water Fishing in Sugar Creek Recreation field Hiking-14 miles of trails Refreshments and souvenirs at Commissary Horseback riding-15 miles of trails (saddle barn) Tennis courts Horseshoes

WHITEWATER STATE PARK (1,515.23 acres), under development near Liberty contains a 200 acre lake. Recreation facilities itemized below:

Boat dock and launching ramp Horseback riding-3 miles of trails (saddle barn) Boating-State boats available (no motors per- Picnic areas-shelters mitted) Pure drinking water Campground-Developed facilities Modern sanitary facilities Concession stand in bathhouse Swimming-bathhouse Fishing

July, 1963 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 25 VERSAILLES STATE PARK (5,813.01 acres) is also comprised of land originally purchased by the Federal Government during the early years of CCC and was known as a Recreational ' Demonstration Area. In 1943, this area was turned over to the Indiana Department of Conservation by the Federal Government. This area, through which Laughery Creek and Fallen Timber Creeks flow, is typical of the part of the state in which it is located. It was developed in accordance with the already existing state park system and in- cludes a 230 acre lake. Near Versailles. Recreation facilities itemized below:

Boating-State owned boats available (no motors Hiking-12 miles permitted) Horseback trails-10 miles (saddle barn) Camping-Developed facilities Modern sanitary facilities Concession stands in bathhouse and picnic area Swimming, bathhouse -soft drinks, etc. Park drives-5 miles Facilities for group meetings-shelters Picnic area and shelter Field trial areas-8 courses Pure drinking water Fishing Recreation field and facilities Two group camps accommodating 135 and 118

STATE MEMORIALS

ANGEL MOUNDS - where pre- Indiana was admitted to the Union on historic mounds are the center of in- December 11, 1816. Corydon re- terest in a series of archeological mained the seat of government until studies being made by Indiana His- late in 1824 when Indianapolis became torical Society and Indiana Universi- the permanent capital of the state. ty. Near Newburg, this memorial is The building has been restored and now under development. contains much of the original wood- GEORGE ROGERS CLARK - a work and furnishings. At Corydon. memorial commemorating the winning INDIANA TERRITORY - this of the Old Northwest and the achieve- building served as the first capitol of ments of George Rogers Clark and his Indiana Territory from 1800 to 1813, men in the American Revolution. At and during 1804 and 1805 also was Vincennes. reputed to have been the seat of gov- CORYDON CAPITOL became a ernment for the Louisiana Territory. state memorial in 1917. The birthplace Here, too, has been erected a replica of the Hoosier State, scene of the of Elihu Stout's Print Shop. At Vin- first constitutional convention and seat cennes. Administered by Vincennes of Indiana's government for nearly a University. decade, the capitol building at Cory- JAMES F. D. LAINER - this don is rich in history and sentiment. building, in Madison, was built (1844) Designed in 1812 as a court house for in the days before the Civil War by Harrison County, the building became one of Indiana's distinguished and the seat of state government upon its patriotic sons. It has been refurnished completion in 1816. The forty-four with much of the original possessions delegates to the constitutional conven- of the Lanier family, and gives an tion assembled here in June of that authentic picture of the cultural life year, and it was here that officers of of that period. The beautiful house the new state took their oaths when overlooks the Ohio River. A city block

Page 26 * OUTDOOR INDIANA July, 1963 directly across from the Lanier Mem- County as an artists' favored country orial has been given to the State and setting. Near Belmont. Administered developed as a part of the Lanier by Indiana University. Memorial grounds. It has been beauti- TIPPECANOE BATTLEFIELD, fully landscaped and does much to en- north of Lafayette, commemorates the hance the remainder of the Memorial battle of Tippecanoe which ended the grounds. At Madison. military power of the Indians, and LIMBERLOST, the home of Gene was a most important event in the Stratton Porter, Indiana's most wide- history of the Northwest Territory. ly-read woman author, from 1893 to The battle was fought on November 1913. This cabin was the scene of 7, 1811. The monument was erected many of Mrs. Porter's writings. At in 1907 and the site became a state Geneva. memorial in 1925. At Battle Ground, NEW HARMONY - settled in Indiana. 1814 by the German followers of WHITEWATER CANAL com- George Rapp in a communal settle- memorates one phase of the history ment. Purchased by Robert Dale of transportation in Indiana, when Owen and associates in 1825 as a the Whitewater Valley was the gate- sociological venture which did not way to the interior of the state. Un- prosper as planned. At New Harmony. der development, this memorial ex- PIGEON ROOST, near Under- tends along U.S. 52 west of Brook- wood, Scott County, commemorates ville. Near Metamora and vicinity. one of the last massacres of Pioneer settlers by the Indians who resented WILBUR WRIGHT is located their coming. The little white settle- near New Castle in Liberty Township, ment of Pigeon Roost took its name Henry County, and commemorates the from the flocks of passenger pigeons site of the birthplace of Wilbur -now extinct-which roosted in the Wright (April 16, 1867), co-inventor surrounding forest. Near Underwood. with his brother Orville, of heavier- GENE STRATTON PORTER-- than-air craft. The home was de- this cabin in "Wildflower Woods" stroyed by fire in 1884. Near Mill- was the home of the Hoosier author ville. and conversationist from '1914 to THE NANCY HANKS LIN- 1923. Located on beautiful Sylvan COLN MEMORIAL was transferred Lake. Near Rome City. to the Federal Government July 10, T. C. STEELE - home and studio 1962. It is now known as the LIN- of the late Theodore Steele who did COLN BOYHOOD NATIONAL much to spread the fame of Brown MEMORIAL. A

July,1963 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 27 NEWSOGRAM

By Woodrow W. Fleming

Director, Division of Fish and Game

Someone was boasting a bit, and who wouldn't, about a 20-pound flathead catfish he had brought in that morning. The mistake was that he had chosen the wrong place to boast about it. Another fisherman spoke up and said: "That's nothing, I have the head of one in the deep freeze that is bigger than your whole fish." He could back up his statement, too. His fish weighed 71 pounds. He had a couple more that weighed 65 and 34 pounds. Indiana fish? Yep, strictly Hoosier. The Indiana Record Fish project, begun last year by the Division of Fish and Game, will surprise a lot of people as the records accumulate over a few years. Some people still hesitate to enter their big fish in the records. They may be assured that their pet fishing hole will not be re- vealed. Entry blanks are available from tackle stores and Conservation Officers or from the Fish and Game Central Office. This is not to be con- fused with the various big fish contests throughout the state. This is for the record. It was like old times when the season came in mid-June, at Hominy Ridge Lake in Salamonia State Forest, Whitaker Lake in Whitewater State Park, and at the Greensburg Reservoir in Decatur Coun- ty. These lakes had been renovated, and restocked and re-opened on that date by Fish Management biologists of the Division of Fish and Game. Many fishermen at each place appreciated having these lakes available again and the good catches that they will now provide. Pictures of opening

Page 28 * OUTDOOR INDIANA July, 1963 day catches will appear in a later issue of this magazine. Construction on the 48-acre Elk Creek Lake in Washington County has been completed. The watershed streams have been poisoned out to destroy any undesirable fish that may be there and the gate valve will soon be closed. The lake will be stocked later this summer by the Division of Fish and Game management biologists. The dam structure will push water in fingerlike fashion back in the steep, knob-like, heavily timbered hills. This place, we predict, will be one of the beauty spots of Southern Indiana. The French Lick lake (141 acres) is scheduled for completion in September. These are co- operative projects of the Conservancy Districts and the Indiana Department of Conversation. Bids have been received for the construction of the dam for the 1300-acre lake on the Glendale State Fish and Game area in Daviess County and construction should begin by mid- summer. The dam and outlet works have now been completed for the new lake and marsh on the Tri- County State Fish and Game Area in Kosciusko County. This lake, connecting several smaller lakes on the Tri-County area, has only a couple of feet more to go to be filled. More water is constantly being impounded to give fishing and waterfowl hunting opportunities to the fisherman and hunter. If anyone chances to see any wild turkey while enjoying the State parks of State or Hoosier National Forests, it would be appreciated if the information would be forwarded to the Division of Fish and Game, 605 State Office Building. After release, it is very difficult to keep track of these wild birds. Your help will be appreciated.

July, 1963 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 29 ~s)ijl ' / f-- 1y'l

KNOW YOUR INDIANA BIRDS ELEVENTH IN A SERIES

by JOHN FOREST BRANHAM Indiana University Belted Kingfisher (Megaceryle alcyon alcyon)

and breast are also to be seen the latter crossed by one (male) or two (female) bands. Unlike most species, the female Kingfisher is more bright- W ATERFOWLI are generally less com- ly plumed than her mate: the male monly seen and known than their has a single blue-gray band, while the woodland brethren for a variety of female has the same with an addi- reasons, including seclusion of habi- tional lower band and side streaks tat, migrational habits and difficulty which are reddish-brown in color. The of identification. In the past ten is- wings are marked with white-a fact sues of this series, the emphasis has which is more noticeable when the been decidedly upon birds of the field bird is in flight. Unlike many water- and woods; but this, the eleventh in fowl, the Kingfisher does not have our series, is concerned with a com- unusually long wings-usually only mon water bird, the Belted Kingfisher. about 10" in full span as opposed to DESCRIPTION: the large spans of the cranes and Generally, about 13" in length and herons. in possession of a ragged crest and SIMILAR SPECIES: long bill, the Belted Kingfisher is quite The Blue Jay is the only other bird distinctive and readily identifiable. to be found in Indiana with blue and The male and female are both marked white markings and a crest; but dif- with a blue-gray head, crest, bill, ferentiation between the two species back, tail and wings. A white collar should not prove too difficult even for

Page 30 * OUTDOOR INDIANA July, 1963 the beginner. The habitat of the two ing as a natural predator controlling species varies greatly as do their gen- agent. eral proportions. The Kingfisher, a Feeding is done during both the water's-edge bird, is larger and heav- day and night-occasionally by "dive- ier than the Blue Jay as well as hav- bombing" an unsuspecting fish from ing a much larger crest and bill. The a tree limb perch as much as ten feet Blue Jay is more brilliantly blue in above the water. Undigestible bones, its markings, shows more white and scales, etc. are ejected as pellets, much black and has no breast band(s). In as in the habit of owls. addition, the Blue Jay's tail is spread VOICE: in a fan shape and is tipped with Properly speaking, the Belted King- white. fisher has only a "voice"-certainly RANGE AND HABITAT: nothing which could be fairly de- The summer or breeding range of scribed as a "song" or "call." The the Kingfisher extends from southern common sound of the species is a Labrador and northern Manitoba to series of loud, raucous notes most the Gulf of Mexico; while, in winter, commonly referred to as a rattle and it may be found from southern In- sounding not at all unlike the racking diana south. of a heavy-weight casting reel. Its natural habitat is near water-- The Kingfisher is quite loud, call- from a small brook to the seacoast-- ing frequently and with a certain wild but, in Indiana, it is most common quality to its voice that allows it to along streams and rivers. The King- be heard at great distances. fisher is peculiarly withdrawn with- NESTING ACTIVITY: in his own domain which he careful- The nest of the Kingfisher is gen- ly patrols from a favored perch and erally in a burrow located in a steep will not tolerate other Kingfishers bank near water. The nesting cavity within his allotted expanse of water itself is located at the end of an up- except for a mate during the breed- ward-sloping entrance tunnel which ing and nesting seasons. is usually four or five feet long. The Migration brings the Kingfisher to cavity is about four inches in di- the state (where not in year-round ameter as is the entrance. These cav- residence) as early as March and ities are occasionally situated in a early April and it leaves the northern bank shared by Rough-winged Swal- portions of the state in October or lows. early November. During very mild Nesting is generally done in iso- winters it may stay north for the en- lated pairs, but Kingfishers occasion- tire winter. ally congregate in colonies at this FOOD: time. In areas where floods and high The dietary habits of the King- water are common, the Kingfisher fisher are both varied and beneficial. seems to have adjusted very well and They eat mostly fish, but add to. that digs out its burrow atLa higher level basic diet a variety of crayfish, in- than along bodies of water with less sects and occassionally even mice and variable levels. wild fruits. Their habit of preying The five to eight eggs are pure upon large schools of small fish is con- white in color and measure 13"x1.0 5" sidered by many to be a valuable aid when first produced. Nesting is usu- in fish population control and in the ally begun in April and the clutch may prevention of over-stocking, by act- be complete by mid-May. A

July, 1963 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 31 BEAGLE CHAMPIONSHIP TRIALS

Flips Rebel Joe, winner of the 1963 In- diana State Beagle Championship Trials, and his owner James G. Sims, Oden, Indiana.

by MILLARD (CAP) DAVIS Public Relations

the Central Indiana B e a g l e C 1 u b THIE FAMED AND HOSPITABLE Indiana and 53 thir- State Beagle Championship Associa- grounds at Cloverdale ran at the Terre tion staged its 13th championship trial teen-inch hounds Tippy, a May 25th and 26th at Terre Haute. Haute grounds. Barlows performer and A hundred qualified hounds were en- 9y 2 -year-old veteran in the tered and, of course, an entry of this field champion, won first place size brought out a large gallery to see thirteen-inch class. Flips Rebel Joe, and enjoy this unique event. This also a champion, owned and handled beagle hound demonstration was a by James G. Sims, Oden, Indiana, real exhibition of rabbit hunting. placed first in the fifteen-inch class. The winners ran for the absolute the largest crowds This year, one of State Championship at the Terre in the history of the Indiana Cham- Haute grounds, and since these two was on hand to pionship Association champions were competing against witness the event. each other, they really put on a spec- The field trial activities of this as- tacular race. sociation have for many years been Rebel's youth and vigor proved to personally supervised by the three be the difference in the final run-off. top officers, President Gerald Tarvin, He ran with tremendous speed that Vice-President Jack Norris, and Paul cost him several times, as Tippy who Kitzinger, secretary-treasurer, w h o was trailing most of the time, would were reelected for the coming year. pick up the check, and in doing it, The Terre Haute Beagle Club was looked very impressive. Kinsey Plumer from Kentucky, and the host club this year for this im- Harry Norris from Ohio, judged the portant event. fifteen-inch class, while Al Stanky Approximately 800 dogs had com- from Michigan, and Bob Zidich from peted in the qualifying trials of the Illinois, judged the thirteen-inch class. 15 member clubs affiliated with the The Central Indiana Beagle Club state association, to determine those will act as host club in 1964, with eligible to enter the state finals. trials to be held May 23-24 at the Forty-seven 15-inch hounds ran at club grounds near Cloverdale. A

Page 32 * OUTDOOR INDIANA July, 1963 of Indiana

The following is a partial listing of maps available from the Department of Consrevation. These maps may be ordered from the Division of Water Re- sources, Room 609, State Office Building, Indianapolis 9, Indiana. Payment should accompany order. (Sales tax should be included, if appropriate.)

Topographic Maps; scale 1:24,000, contour interval 5 and 10 feet (free index map upon request) ------$0.30 Army Map Service Maps; scale 1:250,000, contour interval 50 feet ...... $0.50 Set of 25 Topographic Maps illustrating specified physiographic features of the United States ...------$7.50 set Gary and Vicinity Topographic Map; scale 1:24,000, approximate size 48" x 72" ...... ------...... ------...... $1.50 Chicago and Vicinity Topographic Maps; scale 1:24,000, set of three maps, approximate size 48" x 72" each .------....------...... ------...... $1.50 each Louisville and Vicinity Topographic Maps; scale 1:24,000, set of three approximate size 40" x 96" ------$1.50 Indianapolis and Vicinity Topographic Map; scale 1:24,000, approximate size 45" x 71" .------...... ------$1.50 Indiana Base Map showing highways; scale 1:500,000, approximate size 27" x 42" ------.------...------...... $2.00 Indiana Base Map without highways; scale 1:500,000, approximate size 27" x 42" .------...... ------...------...... $1.00 Indiana Base Map; showing civil townships, approximate size 38" x 53" ------...--...... ------.. $2.00 Lakes and Streams Map; approximate size 48" x 72" ------...... ----...... ------...... $3.00 Lakes and Streams Map; approximate size 22" x 34" ....--....----...... ------...... $0.25 Lake Contour Maps (Write for free list of maps available) large size (variable) ------...... ------$0.60 Lake Contour Maps; small size (81/2"x 11") .....------...... ------...... $0.30 Lake Shafer Contour Map; approximate size 27" x 41", scale 1:12,000 ...... ------$1.00 Lake Freeman Contour Map; approximate size 20" x 40", scale 1:12,000 (in press) ...... ------...$1.00 Map showing ground-wear conditions in Indiana; approximate size 27" x 31" ------...... ------.. $0.75 United States Map showing state and county boundaries, cities and water features; approximate size 54" x 80"; two sheets ..------...... $1.50 set v / GG/N

//AkS6o odo ATIN

The bullfrog, identified by its huge size and foghorn voice, has the most sought after meat. Drab green in color, its total length is 10-14 inches.

The little green frog has a I yellow throat and a total I length of 5 to 7 inches. 7

The pickerel frog is, Frog Hunting Laws s m o o t h-skinned, has orange legs, red- 0 MUST HAVE A HUNTING * dish sides and rec- LICENSE tangular spots. To- tal length is 5 to 7 0 LIMIT IS 25 FROGS AT ONE TIME inches. 0 SEASON IS APRIL 1 TO 30 AND JUNE 1 TO OCTOBER 31

Fried Frogs' Legs has rounded spots Marinate 1 lb. cleaned frogs' legs in salt and greenish legs water for 15 min., drain, sponge well. and sides. Total Roll in fine bread crumbs, then beaten length is 5 to 7 eggs and again in crumbs seasoned with inches. It is found salt, pepper and a few grains of nutmeg in ponds and and cayenne. Fry in a wire basket, in swampy land. deep fat (375 F.). Drain. Arrange on a hot platter and serve with tartare MAc 4EATrN sauce.