GE Grid Solutions

Power Transformers and Reactors

Imagination at work Today’s Environment The Right Transformer Growth in the world's population and economy, will result in a for the Right Application substantial increase in energy demand over the coming years. GE offers utilities advanced solutions to improve grid stability and The International Energy Agency (IEA)1 estimates that $20 trillion increase efficiency of transmission infrastructure. will need to be invested in power and grid technologies, over the next 25 years, to keep up with demand. According to a 2015 IEA From low to ultra-high voltage; small to extra-large power report2, renewable energy will represent the largest single source ratings; standard to the most complex designs; GE has the of electricity growth over the next five years - rising to a 26 % right share of global generation. solution for every application.

Integrating renewable energy sources into the grid can conflict Conventional Power Transformers with Utilities’ existing modernization and optimization plans. From 5 MVA up to 1500 MVA & 765 kV Utilities face increasing challenges of reliability, safety, power ' Small & medium power transformers quality and economics when planning substations and choosing ' Large power transformers switchgear. ' Generator step-up transformers Additionally, power systems are interconnected and highly ' Autotransformers complex networks which are susceptible to instabilities. Managing and maintaining today‘s complex grid pose many Oil-Immersed Reactors challenges, including: Up to 250 Mvar & 765 kV / 2640 Mvar ' Increasing grid efficiency and resilience without adequate ' Shunt reactors funding to invest in new capital equipment. ' Series reactors ' Expertise to manage the grid is rapidly diminishing due to the ' Earthing reactors lack of skilled, technical resources in the workplace. ' Smoothing reactors Overall, utitilies are under intense scrutinity, by both regulatory agencies and the public, to prevent catastrophic power system Special Transformers for Transmission Networks failures today and in the future. Up to 2750 MVA & 800 kV ' HVDC converter transformers References ' Phase-shifting transformers (PST) 1. https://www.iea.org/bookshop/700-World_Energy_Outlook_2015 ' Transformers for static var compensator (SVC) 2. https://www.iea.org/bookshop/708-Medium- Term_Renewable_Energy_Market_Report_2015 Special Transformers for Electro-intensive Industries Up to 140 kA DC / 300 MVA ' Rectifier transformers ' Electrical arc furnace transformers

Special Transformers ' Trackside feeder transformers ' Autotransformers & boosters ' Distribution transformers

Power Transformer Bushings ' Resin-impregnated paper (RIP) up to 245 kV ' Oil-impregnated paper (OIP) up to 1200 kV ' Hybrid DC converter bushings up to 800 kV DC ' Resin-bonded paper (RBP) up to 36 kV, 45 kA

' SF6-insulated up to 800 kV

Generator transformers 100 MVA 275/13,2/13,2 kV for AGL, Hallet power plant (Australia)

2 GEGridSolutions.com The GE Advantage Broad Technical Expertise Built With extensive experience delivering up to 800 kV and 2750 MVA on Strong R&D in major power networks worldwide, GE is one of the world leaders in power transformers and reactors. As a pioneer in the Innovative solutions for evolutive transformers field, GE's expertise extends to all types of applications from and reactors power generation and transmission to electro-intensive industrial GE, a world leader in innovation, invests, both financially and with and railway applications. human resources, in research and development (R&D). Research and development drive our innovative designs, manufacturing and A World Leader in Transformers for 100+ Years continuous product improvement. GE has dedicated facilities for manufacturing power transformers GE's team of senior R&D engineers address issues such as partial on four continents, with a current production capacity of more discharge monitoring and diagnostics, transformer modelling, than 170,000 MVA. This global manufacturing footprint, coupled transient behavior, frequency response analysis and dielectric with efficient technology transfer programs, enables us to offer system development for the validation of innovative insulating high quality tailored solutions for a wide variety of applications structures for up to 1200 kV AC and 800 kV DC. and geographical locations. GE's R&D engineering continuously builds on its expertise with Intensive research into new products and solutions drives our experience in the field and with the technical committees of major process of continuous improvement. As a technological leader, GE international standards bodies such as the CIGRE, IEC and IEEE. actively participates in internationally recognized workgroups and conferences. Guaranteed Global Quality Customers can expect the same excellent quality from all GE's transformer facilities. All GE design and manufacturing sites are guided by the same design quality and production rules, complemented by standardized design software and manufacturing tools, and equipped with the most modern, high- performance testing equipment available. When a transformer leaves a GE factory, customers know that every step has been taken to ensure its quality, reliability and performance. Manufacturing Excellence GE's quality management program exceeds the latest ISO 9001 certification. With a dedicated central technical management team, the highest expertise is implemented in all our factories to ensure the same world-class level of quality in all our power transformer facilities.

GE has a long track record of power transformers of different designs that have successfully gone through short-circuit testing. Most of GE's transformers and reactors have long surpassed their life expectancy are still in service. The design quality as well as the manufacturing processes and controls have been validated over time.

GE's facilities for research and development and manufacturing are based in the Brazil, China, Germany, India, Indonesia, Turkey and the United Kingdom.

Manufacturing of a 1125 MVA 330/275/33 kV autotransformer for Middle Ridge s/s (Australia)

GEGridSolutions.com 3 Rigorous Testing Advanced Production System Routine tests, type tests and special tests are performed The Advanced Production System (APS), is the framework for according to the latest IEC, IEEE, GOST and DL standards. Per contemporary manufacturing excellence in all GE sites. It is based customer requirements, in addition to the tests performed in our on lean tools for continous improvement of safety, quality, cost factories, special tests such as short circuit withstand can also be and delivery. APS brings together a wide range of best practices performed on GE's power transformers and reactors in world class and standards in seven domains such as Basics, Environmental, laboratories such as KEMA and CESI. The following comprehensive Health & Safety (EHS), Supply Chain, Project Delivery, tests are performed on GE's power transformers and reactors in Manufacturing and Quality & Leadership to create and sustain our facilities: world class manufacturing excellence. ' Measurement of winding resistance, voltage ratio and phase displacement check, short-circuit impedance, load loss, Quality from Concept to no-load loss and current ' Dielectric performance tests including LI, LIC, LIN, SI, AV, LTAC, Commissioning IVW, IVP, AuxW or LIMT With proven designs, advanced testing methods and ' Measurement of DC insulation resistance, dissipation factor standardized processes, GE ensures that high quality (tan
), dissolved gases in dielectric liquid transformers are produced, delivered and installed. ' Temperature rise test, determination of sound level, power consumption of fans and pumps To further ensure a high level of quality, and per customer requirements, GE regularly submits transformers and reactors for ' Special tests like winding hot-spot temperature rise, transient special third-party testing. voltage transfer characteristics, zero-sequence impedance, vacuum and pressure deflection, vacuum tightness With over 100 years of experience, our expert service teams are ' Tests on on-load tap changers, where appropriate, leakage tests fully qualified to handle, transport and install power transformers. and pressure tests, tightness tests From the conception to commissioning, GE ensures the overall ' Check of core and frame insulation, determination of reliability of transformer installations with a local expertise across capacitances windings-to-earth and between windings the globe. Dedicated teams of GE service engineers manage erection, commissioning, on-site final testing and energizing. ' Check of external coating and tank suitability for transport

4 GEGridSolutions.com Integration of Renewable Energy into the Grid

GE's Green Power Transformers provide environmentally-friendly options with solutions to today's eco-management challenges. Green power transformers offer decreased life-cycle costs, require minimal maintenance and have a long service lifetime.

GE's Green Power Transformers are designed with the following specifications: ' Filled with natural ester instead of mineral oil ' Hermetically-sealed tank design, equipped with patented expandable radiators and vacuum type tap changer ' Innovative technologies to reduce acoustic energy transferred and optimized design of the active part ' Optimized low loss levels ' Solvent-free paint ' Online MS 3000 monitoring system Green Power Transformers ' Resin-Impregnated Paper (RIP) bushings with composite Eco-efficient and Innovative insulators ' Cooling unit with speed-controllable EC fans GE offers a sustainable range of green eco-efficient power transformers, from 10 to 500 MVA and up to 550 kV. Increased Safety GE creates and delivers customer-valued network solutions for an With a Green Power Transformer, fire safety is improved energy-efficient future. Our environmentally-friendly solutions are considerably. GE's Green transformers increase security for aimed at meeting major energy challenges of today and operators and others in close proximity. tomorrow: energy efficiency, market efficiency, grid reliability and environmental concerns. Natural ester has a fire point above 350 °C, which is more than twice as high as mineral oil. This leads to the advantage of less GE Green Power Transformers offer significant environmental expenditures for fire walls and sprinkler and consequently save benefits, including better product performance, covering the space for installation. These transformers are practically self- three phases of the product life cycle: extinguishing in case of the unlikely event of fire. ' Manufacturing: reduced consumption of natural resources

' Operation: lower CO2 emissions, limitation of environmental-risks, noise reduction, space savings and energy efficiency ' End of life: recyling capabilities of products

Connecting Renewable Energy MAKING THE DIFFERENCE The technical development, construction, commissioning and We also offer a wide variety of operation of high-voltage systems for transformers for various renewable offshore projects means leaving energy applications - onshore and behind familiar and moderate onshore offshore, wind or solar energy. Small conditions and facing the harsh and power transformers are utilized in the aggressive offshore climate. In recent wind turbines while medium and large years GE has gathered a high level of power transformers are utilized on the experience in delivering various offshore platform or onshore offshore projects. Due to their low wind/solar farm to connect the energy environmental risks and maintenance to the grid. needs, GE’s green transformers are especially suitable for installation on offshore platforms.

GEGridSolutions.com 5 Conventional Power Transformers

Active part of a 1100 MVA 400 kV generator transformer during tanking 340 MVA 400 kV generator transformer

Generator Step-up Transformers Generator transformers require very specific expertise, To operate properly, generator transformers must have the production equipment and testing capabilities, as high voltages ability to withstand overloads by appropriately adjusting the and rated power are often required. winding gradients and maintaining cooling capacity. Controlling the magnetic field inside the tank is also essential to avoid A generator transformer is an essential element of all nuclear, overheating due to high-rated currents. GE’s generator thermal or hydraulic power stations. Generator transformers are transformers are designed to solve these operational challenges step-up transformers with delta-connected low voltage (LV) and more. Our generator transformers are designed, windings energized by the generator, while star-connected high manufactured, tested and delivered for versatile power stations voltage (HV) windings feed the transmission lines. Due to load applications all over the world. rejection, switching operations, and generator over excitation, generator transformers are often affected by large voltage swings.

MAKING THE Hermetic DIFFERENCE The low maintenance transformer Up to 250 MVA and up to 245 kV

GE's field-proven hermetically-sealed power transformer was designed without an oil conservator two decades ago. These transformers are highly reliable and have a long service life.

The innovative design of the radiators does not require an oil expansion vessel eliminating the chance of ambient humidity in the oil. In addition, the use of a vacuum type on-load tap changer (OLTC) eliminates contact erosion consequently increasing service life. With minimal oil and OLTC aging rate, the Hermetic does only require very low maintenance over its service life, speeding up the return on your investment.

6 GEGridSolutions.com Single-phase autotransformers 500 MVA 765/400/20 kV in operation since the early 80’s for EDELCA (Venezuela)

Interconnection Transformers Autotransformers The most common transformers in networks, the interconnection When compared with interconnection transformers of equivalent transformers (step-up or step-down), connect AC networks or power flow, the autotransformer presents a lighter and more systems of different voltages to allow power exchange between economically optimized solution when the voltage ratio is them. They must be designed to handle the specified between 1 and 2. However, autotransformers have connected requirements of each transformer unit. windings hence there is no galvanic insulation between the interconnected systems. These transformers offer galvanic insulation between primary and secondary networks and can be designed as 3-phase or single- Autotransformers have one of the most complex designs. The phase banks, depending on the end-user priorities and internal dielectric stress distribution requires in-depth knowledge transportation constraints. They are also often designed to offer a of the electrical characteristics of these special transformers. wide voltage regulation range, by incorporating either an on-load Designs for constant flux regulation at high voltages or booster or a no-load tap changer. schemes are part of the GE expertise. For many years, we have supplied very high-rated autotransformers, such as single-phase GE's conventional transformers are adaptable to specific site units up to 500 MVA and with voltages up to 765 kV for networks conditions. The design, rating of windings and configuration will all over the world. be adapted to the customer specific needs. GE's customized solution can incorporate all specific physical constraints such as transport limitations.

According to power and voltage ratings and especially the constructive design, conventional power transformers can be classified as: ' Small and medium power transformers: While those with the lowest ratings can share some design characteristics of large-size distribution transformers, GE's medium power transformer offer covers a wide range that stretches up to 245 kV and 100 MVA. ' Large power transformers: As a world-class specialist in the highest ranges of power transformers, GE has supplied interconnection transformers up to the level of 765 kV AC - at that time the world's highest in commercial operation - as well as several units above both 300 MVA and 500 kV.

240 MVA 400 kV autotransformer for RTE (France)

GEGridSolutions.com 7 Oil-immersed Reactors

Shunt Reactors Shunt reactors increase grid stability and maintain economically acceptable levels of insulation on networks with long transmission lines between power plants and consumption areas, especially low loaded or buried lines.

Shunt reactors compensate the capacitive load of energy transmission lines and are adequate solutions for: ' Maintaining an acceptable voltage level, regardless of load ' Limiting transient overvoltages induced by switching or sudden load decreases ' Decreasing line losses by capacitive current reduction

GE has expertise and experience delivering shunt reactors with air-gap cores and magnetic circuits. GE's shunt reactors have low vibration and noise levels. The optimized design of these shunt reactors provides magnetic field distribution allowing safe operation.

GE designs and delivers single-phase or 3-phase shunt reactors based on customer requirements. Globally, GE has delivered single-phase units up to 110 Mvar for 800 kV and 125 Mvar for 400 kV as well as 250 Mvar, 275 kV 3-phase units all currently in operation.

AC saturated reactors, a special type of shunt reactors, were devised to provide system voltage stabilization in situations where large and rapid load fluctuations cause unacceptable 110 Mvar, 765 kV single-phase shunt reactor voltage flicker. They are typically used to counteract the effects of for Hydro Quebec. Chamouchouane s/s (Canada) arc furnace, rolling mill and mine winder loads. They may also be used on transmission lines where a sudden loss of load may result in a dangerously high line voltage. Saturated reactors respond extremely quickly and automatically to a voltage disturbance.

MAKING THE Variable Shunt Reactors DIFFERENCE Power Compensation made flexible GE's variable shunt reactors, an innovative product, is equipped with tapped windings and on-load tap changer (OLTC).

Unlike common shunt reactors, variable shunt reactors are able to provide an adjustable Mvar output. For example, 160 Mvar to 250 Mvar at 420 kV or other special required regulation ranges. These variable shunt reactors are 3-phase units, oil-immersed and designed for outdoor use.

Variable shunt reactors are connected to the end of a high voltage line or to a substation busbar to provide a flexible solution to the changing infrastructure of today's electrical systems due to the integration of renewable power sources.

8 GEGridSolutions.com Series Reactors Series reactors are used in line series connections as current limiting devices to reduce fault currents to required levels. They can be single-phase or 3-phase and configured as unshielded, magnetically shielded or non-magnetically shielded.

The design of core/coil clamping system is essential to effective operation of series reactors. Expertise is required to contain phenomena presented by stray magnetic fields in extremely large ratings. GE has a wide range of experience in various applications of series reactors with throughput ratings over 2000 Mvar.

Earthing Reactors and Transformers Neutral earthing reactors connect the neutral point of power transformers to ground through an impedance, in order to limit the short-circuit current and the increase of voltage in the healthy phases. 2640 Mvar When the neutral point is not accessible in the transformer (e.g. The record throughput rating of a 400 kV 3-phase series reactor delta connection), an artificial neutral can be created by an with low-noise design manufactured by GE for National Grid Co., UK earthing transformer. An earthing transformer has a zig-zag (photo: active part) winding and is connected between the main transformer and the reactor.

GE provides both earthing reactors and transformers to meet our customers needs.

Smoothing Reactors for HVDC Smoothing reactors, in HVDC transmission application, are used to reduce the flow of harmonic currents and transient overcurrents in DC systems based on two functions: ' Compensate voltage ripple at the 12-pulse converter bridge ' Decrease the short-circuit current in the DC link

Utilizing the same insulation design principles as our transformers, GE's oil-filled smoothing reactors are designed to offer a low level of electromagnetic radiation outside the tank. To protect the environment and equipment (like motors, relays and switchgear), our smoothing reactors are designed with a magnetic shield on the internal wall of the tank to minimize magnetic flux density effects.

Similar to HVDC converter transformers, GE's smoothing reactors can withstand short-circuit stresses. The clamping structure of the active part is reinforced in order to conform with these requirements.

Smoothing reactor with rated current 1850 A, 270 kV for IFA 2000 HVDC link France/England

GEGridSolutions.com 9 Special Transformers for Transmission Networks

HVDC Converter Transformers High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) systems allow energy transmission over long distances and provide solutions for the interconnection of networks with different characteristics and frequencies.

The HVDC converter transformer, a vital element of these systems, transforms the AC supply voltage from a 3-phase network to the required converter bridge input voltage and compensates for voltage drop through on-load tap changers.

Direct voltage components superimposed on the AC parameters appear during service and factory testing and impose high levels of stress on the valve windings and components connected to the rectifier bridge. The design and manufacture of HVDC converter transformers require a significantly high degree of technical expertise and competence.

The high harmonic content of the load current also demands a very specific knowledge of thermal design. GE's experts have HVDC converter transformers successfully installed globally: Europe, India, Canada, the Middle East and South America.

In 2009, GE was awarded an order for a ± 600 kV DC bi-pole for the Rio Madeira project in Brazil. This was, at the time, the world’s longest power transmission line, with a total length of 2,375 km. This project was followed by the ± 800 kV DC 3000 MW bi-pole stations for the Champa/Kurukshetra project in India. GE supplied the Ultra-High Voltage DC (UHVDC) converter transformers for all the converter stations, establishing our position as a world leader in complex HVDC converter HVDC converter transformer 600 kV DC for Rio Madeira, Brazil transformer manufacturing.

800 kV DC

GE's full-scale 800 kV UHVDC transformer model was successfully tested in July 2010 and validated in compliance with the applicable IEC standards.

This achievement is the result of 40+ years of experience and a focused Research & Development program in the field of HVDC power transformers, marking a further step towards 800 kV DC transmission.

GE's experts have mastered the HVDC converter transformer 350 kV DC for Lower Churchill, Canada analysis of complex phenomena to design and manufacture the safest transformers for our customers.

10 GEGridSolutions.com Phase-Shifting Transformers (PST) Quadrature Boosters There are several connection points in today's high voltage A variant of the dual-core PST, the quadrature booster (QB), offer network systems which require the control of energy flow. an economical solution when limited phase-shifting angles are Traditional voltage regulation that do not iclude phase-shifting is required with voltage variations. Since 1997, GE has supplied no longer sufficient. Hence, phase-angle regulation is increasingly nine QB transformers to UK's National Grid Co., with power becoming a necessity. Phase-shifting transformers (PST) are used ratings up to 2750 MVA. to provide such regulation.

Phase-shifting transformers are divided in two families: 1. PST with one active part (single core) or 2. PST with two active parts (dual core).

A PST with one active part permits independent phase angle and voltage regulation and is suitable for a low voltage and power levels. For higher power and voltages, a PST with two active parts is ideal. PSTs are often used in special cases where design criteria varies by customer based on individual network specifications and requirements. Since these transformers are heavy units with large ratings, manufacturing limits and transportation constraints are important to consider.

GE has extensive experience delivering PSTs. For example, in Europe, GE delivered constant-modulus type, phase-shifting transformers with two active parts offering no-load phase- shifting angles of +/-21.4°, for a voltage level of 225 kV with rated power of 312 MVA and +/-10° regulation for a 400 kV voltage level Quadrature Booster 2750 MVA 400/80 kV with rated power of 1180 MVA. for National Grid Co. plc. High Marnham (UK)

Transformers for SVC Static Var Compensators (SVC) transformers are used to connect SVC equipment to transmission lines. These transformers combine the complexity induced by DC components - even if moderate - with high levels of harmonic and rated currents.

GE's SVC transformers provide a flexible solution to improve power system efficiency and control the reactive power balance of the network. Mastery of insulation structures, thermal behavior and magnetic field distribution are all part of the GE's SVC transformer expertise.

312 MVA 225 kV two-tanks, dual-core phase-shifting transformer

250 MVA 225 kV SVC transformer for RTE, France

GEGridSolutions.com 11 Special Transformers for Electro-intensive Industries

Rectifier Transformers Rectifier transformers supply very high currents required for industrial applications such as electrolysis processes for aluminum and electrochemical processes for zinc, copper and chlorine.

For over 35 years, GE has supplied rectifier transformers to more than 80 industrial projects all over the world. GE's unique skills and experience provide solutions to any industrial process from new installations to refurbishments. Rectifier transformer combinations can be made with all active parts grouped in one or two tanks, with the regulating (auto) transformer and its tap changer in one tank and the rectifier transformer assembled in the other.

Electrical Arc Furnace (EAF) Transformers With more than four decades of proven expertise, GE is one of the indisputable leaders in extra-high power EAF transformers. The quality and performance of our products are field-tested every day at steel production sites around the world.

Arc furnace transformers deliver high currents over a wide range of voltages. While power ratings between 10 and 300 MVA and secondary currents of more than 100 kA are quite common, our EAF transformers are designed to adapt to the extreme thermal, mechanical and dielectric constraints of the furnace load cycles. Active parts of a combined rectifier transformer to be housed in a common tank To improve the efficiency of the service currents and maintain system's stability, furnace series reactors may be also added. These series reactors can be housed in the same EAF transformer tank.

300 MVA GE delivered the world's highest-rated electrical arc furnace (EAF) power transformer for MMK/Atakas

265 MVA EAF transformer with on-load tap changer and two 77 Mvar EAF series reactors for Colakoglu (Turkey)

12 GEGridSolutions.com Special Transformers

Trackside Feeder Transformers for Railways GE's trackside transformers are key components for railways, supplying power to electric rolling-stock that use single-phase AC networks (see scheme below).

These transformers are designed to withstand high mechanical and electrical stresses due to fluctuating load current and frequent short-circuit conditions created by passing trains. Our trackside feeder transformers can reach up to 60 MVA rated power and with the HV connected to 220 kV or even 400 kV networks for high-speed train supplies.

"Hermetic" transformers (see page 6) are especially suitable for these uses and have proven their performance for years on some of the most demanding European railways.

Autotransformers and Boosters for Catenary

To improve transmission efficiency and system regulation while 15 MVA 120/17.25 kV hermetic-type trackside transformer reducing earth current and electromagnetic interferences, for Deutsche Bahn (Germany) catenary feeding systems use booster transformers or autotransformers (in addition to trackside power transformers) at regular intervals along the track. These schemes are extensively used for high-speed trains, typically for those of the French TGV (Train à Grande Vitesse or high speed train).

Autotransformers in SNCF railways (France)

Distribution Transformers GE provides a broad array of distribution transformers to support a variety of applications. Our product lines include pole- and pad- mounted, single-phase and three-phase solutions, as well as primary and secondary substation transformers, cast coil transformers, network transformers and voltage regulators.

25 kV feeder system with a 220 kV / 2x25 kV trackside transformer and autotransformer for SNCF TGV lines (France)

GEGridSolutions.com 13 Optional Features for Advanced Systems Capabilities

With over 40 years of experience and more than 50,000 installed Transport X2 – Portable DGA units, GE’s high-quality M&D equipment and software support users in early detection of faults avoiding unplanned outages, and Often referred to as a “lab in a box”, this fully portable seven gas maximizing asset reliability. Our solutions enable intelligent DGA analyser weighs less than 9 kg (20 lb) and delivers a full DGA operational decision making on condition-based asset lifecycle diagnostic of an oil sample in about 30 minutes. This portable managent (ALM) and asset performance management (APM) DGA comes with a built-in diagnostics, local HMI and printer strategies. GE's broad range of M&D products is well established in eliminating the need for an external laptop. These DGAs are an the marketplace today. Below are some of products in our ideal fast response tool for field crews and a great companion to portfolio: GE's suite of Hydran devices.

Hydran – Single Gas DGA Monitoring MS 3000 – Holistic Condition Monitoring System Like the other Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) equipment, the The MS 3000 is an “Expert system” based on GE’s extensive Hydran is a compact permanently mounted on-line transformer transformer manufacturing and domain knowledge that provides monitoring device that will alert personnel to developing fault information, alarms, diagnostics and suggested next steps. This conditions. These Hydrogen only or “composite gas” devices used flexible system aggregates data from a wide range of sensors for DGA provide easy to install, cost effective monitoring with installed on various transformer components. This tool is also remote alarm and data communication capabilities, all packaged used to perform smart cooling control and monitor dynamic within a small direct valve mountable unit. loading. When combined with a DGA monitor, it enables holistic coverage of transformer failure modes. The MS 3000 significantly Kelman – Multi-gas DGA Monitoring & Diagnostics increases the ability to detect and analyze potential transformer problems allowing operators to make better technical and Capable of delivering up to 9 individual gas measurements plus operational decisions. moisture with laboratory matching accuracy, these devices raise alarms and provide detailed remote diagnostics of fault present. A Perception – Transformer Monitoring Software range of 3, 5 and 9 gas models are available supporting Modbus, DNP3 and IEC 61850 communication protocols. This powerful software collates data from all GE's Monitoring and Diagnostic (M&D) devices and provides a range of trending, Intellix BMT 330 – Online Bushing Monitoring analysis and diagnostics based on international standards. The "Enhanced Perception Fleet" version provides an easy to Utilizing bushing tapping points with custom fitted adapters, these understand overview of transformer fleet with more advanced devices replace offline testing with continuous condition analytics, reporting, health indexing and fleet ranking. Fully monitoring of up to 6 bushings - providing percentage changes in interoperable with GE’s wider ALM service and APM software Capacitance and Power Factor. They also warn about the presence solutions, Perception is a proven tool for asset managers, SMEs of any electrical Partial Discharge (PD) within the transformer. and operational personnel.

14 GEGridSolutions.com Transformer Maintenance and Upgrade Services

Power transformers constitute a large capital expenditure and Modernization and Upgrade are one of the most critical components in electrical systems. Over the equipment long lifecycle, operators must optimize the Providing Custom Engineered Solutions availability, reliability and safety of transformers, and avoid ' Life-extension program accelerated irrecoverable ageing of its insulation system. GE provides advanced maintenance strategies to help customers ' Thermal & cooling upgrade for uprating and life time extension minimize unplanned outages and major failures and to adapt ' Voltage regulation upgrade to new needs transformers to evolving operation conditions. ' Oil preservation system upgrade GE’s Field Services engineers located close to customer sites, ' Bushing replacement and upgrade leverage our extensive in-house field service, product design and ' Online monitoring retrofit R&D expertise. Customers benefit from a local infrastructure including on-site mobile workshops, advanced testing capabilities, dedicated refurbishment facilities, and oil laboratories. Preventive Maintenance and Repair Maximizing Lifecycle Performance Asset lifecycle Management Services ' 24/7 technical support Site Inspection and Tests ' Repair or replacement of defective or obsolete parts and ' Visual inspection, functional checks and electrical tests accessories including tap changers including non intrusive advanced measurement such as ' Major repair of active part up to complete rewind infrared thermography ' Treatment of corrosion points and oil leakages ' Standard protocol for condition data collection ' Oil processing, treatment and drying or replacement ' Data checks and first hand diagnostics ' Complete regasketing ' Internal inspections for critical assets ' Spare parts management

Oil Analysis Assembly and Disassembly Services ' A broad range of tests can be performed including dissolved gas analysis (DGA), oil quality and ageing markers For Installation and Relocation ' Customized oil analysis plan ' Full relocation services ' Erection and commissioning Diagnostics & Recommendations ' Decommissioning solutions ' Transformer condition assessments, diagnostics ' Root Cause Analysis ' Expert recommendations for operation and maintenance ' Substation and transformer fleet digital management ' Online monitoring consulting services for data analysis and alarm management

Infra-red thermal scan performed during site inspection. Hot spots accuratly identified.

Cooling upgrade designed and implemented to match new operation conditions

GEGridSolutions.com 15 Imagination at work

GEGridSolutions.com

For more information please contact GE's Grid Solutions' Worldwide Contact Center Web: www.GEGridSolutions.com/contact Phone: +44 (0) 1785 250 070

IEC is a trademark of International Electrotechnical Commission. IEEE is a trademark of the Institute of Electrical Electronics Engineers, Inc. UTE is a trademark of Union Technique d'Electricité. EC is a trademark of European Commission. Photo credits: Grid Solutions. Front cover photography: Courtesy of EWE VERTRIEB GmbH.

GE, the GE monogram are trademarks of General Electric Company. GE reserves the right to make changes to specifications of products described at any time without notice and without obligation to notify any person of such changes.

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