The History of Architecture From the Avant-Garde Towards the Present

A Comprehensive Chronicle of 20th and 21st Century Buildings

Luigi Prestinenza Puglisi

ADOMpublishers i Modern Architecture

Precursors 010-031 1918-1925 A Commingling of Languages 084-117 The Arts & Crafts Movement oil Comminglings 085

Sullivan and Wright 012 Between Formalism and 086 Wagner, Olbrich, Hoffmann 016 Austro-American, Oriental and

Mackintosh 019 Meso-American Languages 090

Berlage 022 Architecture and Expressionism 093

Gaudi 026 Order and Disorder 095

Perret 027 The Bauhaus: Act One 097

Gamier 030 The Tower of Babel:

Two Competitions for Two Skyscrapers 099

1905-1914 The Avant-Garde 032-049 ABC and Constructivism 102

The Acceleration of Technology and Science 033 Poetism and Constructivism: Teige 104

A New Vision of Time 034 The Lesson of 105

The Artistic Revolution: Expressionism 036 Toward a New Architecture 109 The Artistic Revolution: 038 The Exposition Internationale in Paris 110 Architecture and Cubism 039 Behne and the Synthesis between

Art and Life, Form and Abstraction 041 Expressionism and Rationalism 114

Upside Down 044

The Avant-Gardes 047 1925-1933 Maturation and the Crisis of Languages 118-173

Futurism 047 Loos- 119 The Birth and Death of Der Ring 122

1905-1914 Industry and Ornament 050-061 Dutch Rationalism 124

Ornament is Crime 051 The Bauhaus: Act Two 128

The Werkbund 052 Neutra, Schindler, Wright and Mendelsohn 131

Loos in Vienna 053 The Architectural Zoo: The Weissenhofsiedlung 133

Behrens and the AEG, Gropius and the Fagus Factory 056 The Italians at the Weissenhof 137 Wright in Europe 058 The Wittgenstein House 138

The Werkbund Exhibition of 1914 060 The Bauhaus: Act Three 140

Le Corbusier, Mies and the "Spirit of the Times" 142

1914-1918 Ideas arWar 062-083 Soviet Synthesis 147

The Mechanical War 063 The CIAM 150 Pure Visibility and Formalisms 065 The Architecture of Light 154 Philosophy in the Form of Architecture: The Tractatus 066 Skyscrapers 156

Language and Form 067 Chareau and the Maison de Verre 159 Malevich, Tatlin and the Zero Degree of Form 068 Fuller and the Dymaxion 162 Dada and the Impossibility of Defining Art 071 Ten Years of the Fascist Revolution 165

Theo van Doesburg and De Stijl 074 The Bauhaus: Final Act 168 and a Return to Order 080 The International style 169 Epilogue 171 2 The Decline and Rebirth of Modern Architecture

1933-1944 Between Nature and Technology 176-203

After Classicism 177

Le Corbusier at the Crossroads 178 Wright and the Season of Masterpieces 184 Asplund, Aalto and Organic Architecture in Europe 189

Prouve: High-Tech Exercises 193

Contradictions in Italian Architecture 194

The World of Tomorrow 200

Kicsler and Correalism 203

1945-1955 Reawakenings 204-235

A New Monumentality 205

Le Corbusier and Brutalism 206

Eames House 210

Wright: Late Works 211

Mies in America 215

Endless House 218

Niemeyer 220 The Organic Architecture of Scharoun 222

A New Life for Louis Kahn 224

Aalto. Two Masterpieces 227 Italy, between Organicism, Neorealism and a Nostalgia for History 228

Urban Design, Team 10, New Brutalism 232 3 From Modern to Contemporary

1956-1965 A New Era 238-279 1970-1975 The Obsession with Language 300-317

A New Era 239 Five Architects, NY 301

This is Tomorrow 240 Learning from Las Vegas 304 Situations 241 SITE 306

Gutai and Metabolism 242 The New Domestic Landscape: 1972 307 Saarinen: Between History and Technology 245 Anarchitccture 31(5 Utzon and the Sydney Opera House 248 Aldo Rossi and La Tendenza 313 Scharoun: Two Masterpieces 250 Post-Modern 315

Aalto and His Late Works 253

Kahn and Nostalgia 254 1975-1980 Rhizomes 318-337 Restless Italy 257 Rhizomes 319 Other Trends in Italy 260 From Archigram to High Tech 322

Two Poets: Scarpa and Michelucci 261 Neo-Functionalism or Post-Functionalism? 324 Brasilia 264 Tschumi: Between Eroticism and

Le Corbusier: Toward a New Architecture 266 the Poetic of the Body 325 Fun Palace 267 Koolhaas and the Culture of Congestion 326 Johansen and the Informel 268 The Layers of the Architectural Association 328 Archigram: The Beginning (1961-1964) 270 Ito and the Notion of Architecture as a Virtual Interior.... 331 The Archaic-Ecological Line 272 Gehry: A California Striptease 332 Tange between East and West 273 Death in Venice: 1980 334

Kahn's Last Works 274 Restless Englishmen: Stirling and Lasdun 276 1980-1989 Architecture is Now 338-355 An End to Mourning 339 1966-1970 The Poetics of Protest 280-299 Jameson and the Logic of Late Capitalism 340 Against Interpretation 281 The Aesthetic of the Sublime 342 Contradictions and Complexity 281 Architecture and Nature 347 Archigram 1966: The New Line 283 Architecture is Now 349

The Avant-Garde and a Time of Protest 284 Choral Works 352

Mega-Structures: Between Habitat 67 and Osaka 288 Electronic ecology 354 Ecology and the Refusal of Urban Values 295 Between Land Art and Conceptual Art:

Architecture as a Mental Exercise 296 4 Toward the Present

1988-1992 After Deconstructivism 358-399 1998-2001 A Season of Masterpieces 430-475 Precedents 359 The Guggenheim in Bilbao by Frank O. Gehry 431

Deconstructivist Architecture 363 The House in Floirac by Rem Koolhaas 434 A New Paradigm 365 The Jewish Museum in Berlin by Daniel Libeskind 436

Zaha and the Game of Opposites 368 The KKL in Lucerne by Jean Nouvel 440

Rem Koolhaas: Method and its Paradoxes 372 The Un-Private House 441

Frank O. Gehry: New Compositions 374 The Mobius House 443

Disjunction and De-Localisation 377 A Dutchness in the State of Architecture 445

Between Gesture and Perception: Fuksas and Holl 379 New Landscapes, New Language 449 The Minimalist Approach: Herzog & de Meuron 383 New Landscape: The West and East Coast 460 Minimalism in England, France and Japan 386 A New Avant-Garde 464

The Development of High Tech 389 Landscapes or Aesthetic Objects? 466

Postmodernism and Modernism Continued 393 Aesthetics, Ethics and Mutations 472

The Legacy of Deconstructivism 398 The Eleventh of September Two Thousand and One 473

Starting Over 475 1993-1997 New Directions 400-429

The Turning Point 401 2002-2007 Trends 476-509

Explosive Buildings 4°2 The World Trade Center 477 Los Angeles, Graz and Barcelona 405 Clouds and Monoliths 480 Radicals and Coop Himmelb(l)au 408 The Star System 482 Nouvel: Beyond Transparency 410 The Crisis of the Star System 485

Herzog & de Meuron and the Skin of the Building 411 The Crisis of Architectural Criticism 487 Minimalisms 413 The End of the Star System? 488

Questions of Perception 413 Ten Projects 490

Koolhaas: Euralille 415 Super-Creativity and Ultra-Minimalism 501

The Poetics of the Electronic: Back to Basics 5°4 Between the Blob the and Metaphor 417 The Next Stop 507 Kco-Tcch 418

Renzo Piano's Soft-Tech 422 2008-2018 Latest History 510-519 PAYS-BAS Perspectives 423 Pro and Versus a New Architecture 425 Appendix 520-528 The MoMA Extension 427 Index of Architects 522-526

The Beginnings of a New Season 429 Acknowledgements 527