Baseball History Mystery - Chapter 1
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
The National Pastime
looked forward to the next season, exercising his throwing Home Colony; A Treatise on the Past, Presentand Futureof arm by tossing a claw hammer in the air and catching it. the Negro Race in America. According to the former After a meeting in Buffalo inJanuary 1888, SportingLfe catcher, "The only practical and permanent solution of summarized the IA's ambivalent position on the question the present and future race troubles in the United States is of black players: entire separation by emigration of the Negro from Amer- ica." Following the example of Liberia, "the Negro race At the recent International Association meeting there was some can find superior advantages, and better opportunities informal talk regarding the right of clubs to sign colored players, .among people of their own race, for developing the and the general understanding seemed to be that no city should innate powers of mind and body. .. ." The achievement be allowed more than one colored man. Syracuse has signed two of racial equality "is contrary to everything in the nature of whom she will undoubtedly be allowed to keep. Buffalo has man, and [it is] almost criminal to attempt to harmonize signed Grant, but outside of these men there will probably be no colored men in the league. these two diverse peoples while living under the same government." The past forty years, he wrote, have shown Frank Grant would have a typical season in Buffalo in "that instead of improving we are experiencing the de- 1888, where he was moved to the outfield to avoid spike velopment of a real caste spirit in the United States." wounds. -
Numbered Panel 1
PRIDE 1A 1B 1C 1D 1E The African-American Baseball Experience Cuban Giants season ticket, 1887 A f r i c a n -American History Baseball History Courtesy of Larry Hogan Collection National Baseball Hall of Fame Library 1 8 4 5 KNICKERBOCKER RULES The Knickerbocker Base Ball Club establishes modern baseball’s rules. Black Teams Become Professional & 1 8 5 0 s PLANTATION BASEBALL The first African-American professional teams formed in As revealed by former slaves in testimony given to the Works Progress FINDING A WAY IN HARD TIMES 1860 – 1887 the 1880s. Among the earliest was the Cuban Giants, who Administration 80 years later, many slaves play baseball on plantations in the pre-Civil War South. played baseball by day for the wealthy white patrons of the Argyle Hotel on Long Island, New York. By night, they 1 8 5 7 1 8 5 7 Following the Civil War (1861-1865), were waiters in the hotel’s restaurant. Such teams became Integrated Ball in the 1800s DRED SCOTT V. SANDFORD DECISION NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF BA S E BA L L PL AY E R S FO U N D E D lmost as soon as the game’s rules were codified, Americans attractions for a number of resort hotels, especially in The Supreme Court allows slave owners to reclaim slaves who An association of amateur clubs, primarily from the New York City area, organizes. R e c o n s t ruction was meant to establish Florida and Arkansas. This team, formed in 1885 by escaped to free states, stating slaves were property and not citizens. -
Numbered Panel 2
2A 2B 2C 2D 2E Broadside featuring the Belmont Colored Giants of Harlem, 1908 Courtesy of National Baseball Hall of Fame Library A f r i c a n -American History Baseball History 1 8 8 7 GENTLEMEN’S AGREEMENT Midway through the season, International League owners agree to sign no new contracts with African-American baseball players, sparking the tradition of barring black players from pro ball. Other leagues follow and the era of integrated baseball soon ends. BARNSTORMING ON THE OPEN ROAD 1887–1919 NATIONAL COLORED BASE BALL LEAGUE With teams from Boston, Philadelphia, New York, Cincinnati, LINCOLN GIANTS Land of Giants Washington, Pittsburgh, Baltimore and Louisville, this league fails within three weeks of its May opener. By 1887, some black players were on organized baseball rosters, Many black barn s t o rmi ng teams took the name “Giants” arguably because 1 8 9 1 mainly in the minor leagues. But during that season, the International of the prominence of the National AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOLDS Financially weakened by long years of competition with the National L e a g u e ’s New York Giants, who were League, the American Association fails. League owners agreed to make no new contracts with African- managed by John McGraw. These American players. In unspoken agreement, other leagues adopted black teams, among them the 1 8 9 6 Mohawk Giants of Schenectady, PLESSY V. FERGUSON DECISION similar policies over the next 15 years. Black players, in response, the Union Giants of Chicago and the In a test of Jim Crow laws, the Supreme Court allows “separate Lincoln Giants of New York City, but equal” schools and public accommodations for African Americans, thereby supporting segregation of schools and started their own professional teams. -
She Loved Baseball:The Effa Manley Story Written by Audrey Vernick Illustrated by Don Tate
Curriculum Guide She Loved Baseball:The Effa Manley Story Written by Audrey Vernick Illustrated By Don Tate SHE LOVED BASEBALL: The Effa Manley Story © 2010 by Audrey Vernick Illustrated by Don Tate; Collins, an imprint of HarperCollins Publishers Bank Street College Best Children’s Books of the Year 2011 Amelia Bloomer List 2011 Junior Library Guild Selection Teacher’s Guide created by Natalie Dias Lorenzi www.nataliediaslorenzi.com Teacher’s Guide: SHE LOVED BASEBALL: THE EFFA MANLEY STORY Story Summary From The HarperCollins Catalog: Effa Manley always loved baseball. As a young woman, she would go to Yankee Stadium just to see Babe Ruth's mighty swing. But she never dreamed she would someday own a baseball team. Or be the first—and only—woman ever inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame. From her childhood in Philadelphia to her groundbreaking role as business manager and owner of the Newark Eagles, Effa Manley always fought for what was right. And she always swung for the fences. View the book trailer at http://audreyvernick.com/sheloved.html. Praise for She Loved Baseball: The Effa Manley Story “Effa Manley may be a name only die-hard baseball fans recognize, but this sweeping picture-book biography will help change that. Vernick adds appeal to this straightforward biography with repetitive phrases that emphasize Manley's activist spirit, while Tate's slightly stylized acrylic paintings convey both the historical setting and the timeless excitement in the ballpark.”~Booklist "Vernick employs a matter-of-fact tone and highly descriptive, accessible language that not only provides a great deal of information but also captures both the essence of the era and Manley's compassion and strength of character .. -
San Diego Public Library New Additions March 2011
San Diego Public Library New Additions March 2011 Adult Materials 000 - Computer Science and Generalities California Room 100 - Philosophy & Psychology CD-ROMs 200 - Religion Compact Discs 300 - Social Sciences DVD Videos/Videocassettes 400 - Language eAudiobooks & eBooks 500 - Science Fiction 600 - Technology Foreign Languages 700 - Art Genealogy Room 800 - Literature Graphic Novels 900 - Geography & History Large Print Audiocassettes MP3 Audiobooks Audiovisual Materials Music Scores Biographies Newspaper Room Fiction Call # Author Title [MYST] FIC WENDELBOE Wendelboe, C. M. Death along the spirit road [MYST] FIC/AIRD Aird, Catherine. Past tense [MYST] FIC/ARMSTRONG Armstrong, Lori Mercy kill [MYST] FIC/ATKINSON Atkinson, Kate. Started early, took my dog [MYST] FIC/BALZO Balzo, Sandra. Running on empty [MYST] FIC/BASS Bass, Jefferson. The bone yard [MYST] FIC/BEATON Beaton, M. C. Death of a chimney sweep [MYST] FIC/BEAUFORT Beaufort, Simon. A dead man's secret [MYST] FIC/BLACK Black, Cara Murder in Passy [MYST] FIC/BOWEN Bowen, Rhys. Bless the bride [MYST] FIC/BOX Box, C. J. Cold wind [MYST] FIC/BRIGHTWELL Brightwell, Emily. Mrs. Jeffries and the yuletide weddings [MYST] FIC/CAIN Cain, Chelsea. The night season [MYST] FIC/CHALLINOR Challinor, C. S. Murder on the moor [MYST] FIC/CHILDS Childs, Laura. Scones & bones [MYST] FIC/CLARK Clark, Mary Jane Behrends. To have and to kill [MYST] FIC/COBEN Coben, Harlan Live wire [MYST] FIC/COONTS Coonts, Deborah. Lucky stiff [MYST] FIC/CUTLER Cutler, Judith. Ring of guilt [MYST] FIC/DAMS Dams, Jeanne M. A dark and stormy night [MYST] FIC/FAIRSTEIN Fairstein, Linda A. Silent mercy [MYST] FIC/GALLIGAN Galligan, John. -
Early Pioneers of the Negro Leagues
Early Pioneers of the Negro Leagues: Walter “Slick” Schlichter by Center for Negro League Baseball Research Dr. Layton Revel and Luis Munoz Copyright 2016 Philadelphia Giants (1902) Formed before the start of the 1902 season by Walter Schlichter, Harry Smith and Sol White, the Philadelphia Giants were a force to be reckoned with in black baseball in the East from their very first season. They ended the 1902 season with an impressive won-loss record of 81-43-1 (.653). Philadelphia Giants (1902) (Back row left to right – Farrell, John Nelson, Sol White, Charles “Kid” Carter and William Warwick. Middle row left to right – W. Smith, Frank Grant, Walter Schlichter, William Bell, Harry Smith and Andrew “Jap” Payne. Front row left to right – Day and Peter Burns) Henry Walter “Slick” Schlichter Henry Walter “Slick” Schlichter (1866-1944) was the co-founder and owner of the “original” Philadelphia Giants baseball team that played from 1902-1911. From 1904 to 1909 the Philadelphia Giants were one of the best if not the best black baseball team in America. They won four straight “Colored World’s Championships” from 1904-1907. Schlichter started his professional career in journalism. Eventually he became the sports editor and a featured sports writer for the Philadelphia Evening Item in Philadelphia, PA. Walter was not only a journalist but also an avid sportsman. He participated and excelled in swimming, running, boxing and rowing. In his landmark book, Sol White’s History of Colored Baseball with Other Documents on the Early Black Game 1886-1936, White presented a copy of a newspaper article that he had written for the Amsterdam News (New York City) on December 18, 1930. -
African Americans and Baseball, 1900-1947
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 2006 "They opened the door too late": African Americans and baseball, 1900-1947 Sarah L. Trembanis College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the African History Commons, American Studies Commons, Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Trembanis, Sarah L., ""They opened the door too late": African Americans and baseball, 1900-1947" (2006). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539623506. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-srkh-wb23 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. “THEY OPENED THE DOOR TOO LATE” African Americans and Baseball, 1900-1947 A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Lyon Gardiner Tyler Department of History The College of William and Mary in Virginia In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Sarah Lorraine Trembanis 2006 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. APPROVAL SHEET This dissertation is submitted in partial fulfdlment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Sarah Lorraine Trembanis Approved by the Committee, August 2006 Kimberley L. PhillinsJPh.D. and Chair Frederick Comey, Ph.D. Cindy Hahamovitch, Ph.D. Charles McGovern, Ph.D eisa Meyer, Ph.D. -
Viewed the Manuscript at One Stage Or Another and Forced Me to Think Through Ideas and Conclusions in Need of Refinement
INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6” x 9” black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor MI 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 BLACK BASEBALL, BLACK ENTREPRENEURS, BLACK COMMUNITY DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Michael E. -
Waynesburg University TPS Unit Outline
Waynesburg University TPS Unit Outline Title of Learning Unit: You Can’t Play (Integration of Baseball) Subjects: History, Civil Rights, Language Arts Grade Level/Range: K-2 Overarching Goal or Concept for the Learning Unit: Students will become aware of issues in society, which may still exist today, even with the progress which has been made. Overview: The main goal of this center is to engage children with real life problems and issues which are faced in everyday life through a topic which is relatable, baseball. Prior to participating in this center students will be read a newspaper article on the first two native born Cubans to join the major leagues. After reading this story students will either look at a picture of integrated and segregated teams and draw a picture of their reactions to these pictures with a sentence label or write a three sentence reaction to the materials. The questions they will be responding to will be along the lines of: “How would you feel if you couldn’t play for any team? How would you feel if someone told you were different/not good enough to play with everyone else? Once the activity has been completed students work will be discussed and then showcased around the classroom. Written By: Robi Arbogast, Brandon Glenn, and Rachel Red-Horse Date: 12/4/2015 Pre-instructional Assessment/Introduction: This center will be introduced with a question asked by the teacher: Can each of you think of something you really love to do like dancing or a sport? Students will then share these things. -
Jackie Robinson - Early Years
BASEBALL'S COLOR LINE 0. BASEBALL'S COLOR LINE - Story Preface 1. JACKIE ROBINSON - EARLY YEARS 2. JACKIE ROBINSON - WORLD WAR II 3. JACK ROBINSON KEEPS HIS BUS SEAT 4. COURT MARTIAL of JACKIE ROBINSON 5. BASEBALL'S COLOR LINE 6. BRANCH RICKEY MAKES A CHANGE 7. BREAKING the COLOR LINE 8. CIVIL RIGHTS LEADER This image depicts an article from the New York Times, c. 1887, indicating that the St. Louis team - then called the "Browns" - refused to play against a team with "colored men." Image online, courtesy STL Cardinal website. As the nineteenth century drew to a close, African-Americans were forced to play segregated baseball. Sol White (an infielder/outfielder on various teams) documented some of those years (from 1887 through 1903) with his History of Colored Base Ball. In the book’s current edition, the late historian Jerry Malloy included documents like this April 11, 1891 article from Sporting Life magazine: Probably in no other business in America is the color line so finely drawn as in base ball. An African who attempts to put on a uniform and go in among a lot of white players is taking his life in his hands. Were black and white players alsotreated differently by business establishments as they traveled to various towns? From firsthand experience, Sol (a 2006 Hall-of-Fame inductee) tells us that it was even difficult for him, and others similarly situated, to find a place to sleep: The colored player suffers a great inconvenience at times while traveling. All the hotels are generally filled from the cellar to the garret when they strike a town. -
The Life and Legacy of Andrew “Rube” Foster: Baseball's Forgotten
The Life and Legacy of Andrew “Rube” Foster: Baseball’s Forgotten Legend Jordan French Junior Division Research Paper 2483 Words 1 "If the talents of Christy Mathewson, John McGraw, Ban Johnson, and Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis were combined in a single body, and that body were enveloped in a black skin, the result would have to be named Andrew ‘Rube’ Foster.”1 Jim Crow and the Color Line Baseball has always been regarded as our “national pastime,” but just two years following the Civil War, a color line was established barring blacks from playing in organized baseball.2 The Philadelphia Pythians3 (see Appendix A) applied for membership in the National Association of Base Ball Players (NABBP) along with 236 other clubs, but theirs was the only club excluded from membership.4 The Philadelphia Inquirer reported, "It is presumed that whites and blacks played against and with one another during the 1860s. Yet when the Pythians of Philadelphia, an African-American club, applied for membership in the NABBP in 1867, the nomination committee unanimously voted to bar any club "composed of one or more colored persons."5 This, and other so-called “gentleman’s agreements,”6 pacts between white owners to exclude black ballplayers, effectively kept them out of the organized and professional ranks for the next eighty years.7 It was during this eight decade chasm that a charismatic figure came to the forefront to ensure that although the playing field was separate, the most talented black ballplayers were recognized for their skills and paved the way to a time when baseball would indeed become our “national pastime” with full integration being achieved.8 1 Peterson, Robert. -
Separate and Unequaled: Black Baseball in the District of Columbia
Smithsonian Anacostia Community Museum Separate and Unequaled: Black Baseball in the District of Columbia Art Carter Papers,Cover Moorland-Spingarn Image: 1944 HomesteadResearch Center, Grays Howard University L-r: Jelly Jackson, Ray Battle, Edward Robinson, Sam Bankhead, Josh Gibson, Buck Leonard, Dave Hoskins, Jerry Benjamin, and James “Cool Papa” Bell. Separate and Unequaled: Black Baseball in the District of Columbia From Reconstruction to the second half of the 20th century, baseball, the great American pastime, was played in Washington, D.C., on segregated fields. This exhibition looks at the phenomenal popularity and community draw of this sport when played by African Americans. Featured are such personalities as Josh Gibson and Walter “Buck” Leonard, star players of the Homestead Grays. The show also highlights community teams that gave rise to the various amateur, collegiate and semi-pro black baseball teams and leagues. This exhibition was developed by the Smithsonian’s Anacostia Community Museum on the occasion of the 2008 opening of Nationals Park, Washington, D.C. Generously supported by the Washington Nationals Baseball Club. Image: Josh Gibson at bat Art Carter Papers, Moorland-Spingarn Research Center, Howard University Curator’s Statement eyond the post-industrial age into the Researching and bringing to life the story of black information age in which we now live baseball has baseball in the nation’s capital has been a labor of remained relevant to community life. On playgounds love. Accolades go to the repositories and lenders, and ball fields new myths and legends—like Josh to our museum partners, to the fine staff of the Gibson’s Griffith Stadium home runs that defied the Anacostia Community Museum, and to Ryan A.