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The Linguistic Integration of Adult Migrants / L’Intégration Linguistique Des Migrants Adultes

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The Linguistic Integration of Adult Migrants / L’Intégration Linguistique Des Migrants Adultes The Linguistic Integration of Adult Migrants / L’intégration linguistique des migrants adultes The Linguistic Integration of Adult Migrants L’intégration linguistique des migrants adultes Some Lessons from Research / Les enseignements de la recherche Edited by / édité par Jean-Claude Beacco, Hans-Jürgen Krumm, David Little, Philia Thalgott on behalf of / pour le compte du Council of Europe / Conseil de l’Europe ISBN 978-3-11-047747-4 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-047749-8 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-047758-0 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2017 Jean-Claude Beacco, Hans-Jürgen Krumm, David Little, Philia Thalgott, Council of Europe, published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston The book is published with open access at www.degruyter.com. Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck ♾ Printed on acid-free paper Printed in Germany www.degruyter.com Philia Thalgott Foreword The Council of Europe (47memberStates,based in Strasbourg) has been work- ing on migration-related issuesfor over four decades, and has affirmed the im- portance of education for migrants in nearly30recommendations and resolu- tions from its CommitteeofMinisters and its Parliamentary Assembly, includingConventions. The Council of Europe’snew project on the Linguistic Integration of Adult Migrants (LIAM) aims to support memberStatesinthe development of policy and practice basedonaclear recognition of adultmigrants’ human rights. This is especiallyimportant at atime when surveysconducted in the course of the project show agrowingtendencyfor member States to attach languagere- quirements to the granting of citizenship, the right to residence, and sometimes the right to enter the country in the first place. As affirmed by official textsofthe Council of Europe as well as of the Euro- pean Union, access to education is particularlyimportantfor migrants. Further- more, languageiscentral to many of the issues raised by migration, particularly integration and social cohesion. Therefore, providingadultmigrants with oppor- tunities to learn the languageofthe host country and assessing their developing proficiencycan aid their integration in the host society. However,while languagecompetences are an important component of inte- gration, they cannot be apre-condition for integration, since acquiringalan- guageispotentiallyalifelong process. Forsome years, the CouncilofEurope has offered its member States not only clear and agreed principles and guidelines but alsotargeted practical support to help them respond to the challenges of linguistic integration. As afirst steptowardscompilinganinter-disciplinary inventory of relevant research findings, in order to better understand how research can support the development of policy and practice in this field,the Council of Europe organised asymposium on “The linguistic integration of adultmigrants: lessons from re- search” in Strasbourgon30March – 1April 2016.Thispublicationoffers docu- mented results of research presented duringthe symposium by researchers and practitionersfrom awide rangeofcontextsand disciplines. DOI 10.1515/9783110477498-001, ©2017 Philia Thalgott, published by De Gruyter. This work is licensed under the Creative CommonsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs3.0 License. VI Philia Thalgott It is anticipated that relevant Ministries in Council of Europe memberStates will be able to use these findingstoinformtheir decisions concerning the lin- guistic integration of adultmigrants. LanguagePolicyProgramme Education Policy Division /Education Department Directorate of Democratic Citizenship and Participation Directorate General Democracy Council of Europe, Strasbourg www.coe.int/lang-migrants Philia Thalgott Avant-propos Le Conseil de l’Europe (47Etats membres, basé àStrasbourg) traite de la question des migrations depuis plus de quarante ans. Une trentaine de recom- mandations et résolutions de son Comité des ministres et de son Assemblée parlementaire, ycompris des conventions, soulignent l’importance de l’éduca- tion pour les migrants. Le nouveauprojet du Conseil de l’Europe pour l’intégration linguistique des migrants adultes (ILMA)vise àaider les Etats membres àdévelopper des poli- tiques fondées sur une reconnaissance sans équivoque des droits de l’homme des migrants adultes.Ceci est particulièrement important àlalumièredes en- quêtes menéesdans le cadre du projet ILMA qui montrent une tendancecrois- sante des Etats membres àconditionner àdes compétences en langues le droit à la nationalité et àlarésidence, voire l’entrée dans le pays. Commelesoulignent les textes officiels du Conseil de l’Europe mais aussi de l’Union européenne, l’importance de l’accès àl’éducation pour les migrantsest primordiale. La langue aenenoutre un rôle clé pour de nombreusesquestions liées àlamigration, en particulier,l’intégration et la cohésion sociale. En con- séquence,offrir auxmigrants adultes des opportunités d’apprendre la langue du pays d’accueil et d’évaluer l’évolution de leurs compétences peut favoriser leur intégration dans le pays d’accueil. Néanmoins, si les compétences en langue sont une composante importante de l’intégration, elles ne sauraient en êtreunpréalable, puisque l’acquisition de compétences langagières constitue un processus qui se développe au long de la vie. Depuis quelques années, le Conseil de l’Europe propose àses Etats membres non seulement des principes et orientations consensuels et clairement formulés, mais aussi des dispositifs pratiques et ciblés pour les aider àfaire face au défide l’intégration. Afin d’examiner dans quelle mesure les enseignements de la recherche peuvent étayerledéveloppement des politiquesetleur mise en œuvre et comme premièreétape vers un inventaire interdisciplinaire des résultats de la recherche, le Conseil de l’Europe aorganisé un symposium sur «L’intégration linguistique des migrants adultes :les enseignements de la recherche »(Strasbourg, 30 mars – 1er avril 2016). La présentepublicationpropose des résultats analytiques de recherches présentés lors du symposium par des chercheurs et des praticiens issus d’un large éventail de contextesetdedisciplines. DOI 10.1515/9783110477498-002, ©2017 PhiliaThalgott, published by De Gruyter. This work is licensed under the Creative CommonsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs3.0 License. VIII Philia Thalgott On espère que les Etats membresduConseil de l’Europe seront en mesure de s’appuyersur ces résultats pour étayerleurs décisions relativesàl’intégration linguistique des migrants. Programme Politiqueslinguistiques Division des Politiques éducatives/Service de l’éducation Direction de la citoyenneté démocratique et de la participation Direction générale de la Démocratie Conseil de l’Europe, Strasbourg www.coe.int/lang-migrants/fr TableofContents/Sommaire Philia Thalgott Foreword V Philia Thalgott Avant-propos VII Jean-Claude Beacco, Hans-JürgenKrumm and David Little Introduction (Englishversion) 1 Jean-Claude Beacco, Hans-JürgenKrumm et David Little Introduction (version française) 5 1Languageand integration: some keyissues / Langue et intégration :questions clés Ofelia García Problematizing linguistic integration of migrants: the role of translanguaging and language teachers 11 Claude Springer Migrants connectés, intégration sociale et apprentissage/certification en langues :prendreencomptelanouvelle donne numérique 27 Rosemarie Tracy Language testing in the context of migration 45 2Policies forlanguageand integration / Politiques pourles langues et l’intégration Reinhilde Pulinx, Piet VanAvermaet The impact of language and integration policies on the social participation of adult migrants 59 X TableofContents /Sommaire FrançoisGrin, Guillaume Fürst Quels sont les facteurs qui renforcent l’exigence d’apprentissage par les migrants de la langue du pays d’accueil ? Analyse multivariée des attitudes enversl’altéritélinguistique de 40 000 jeunes hommes suisses 67 Furio Bednarz Professional and social integration of migrants and language learning: convergences and challenges at the European level 75 Brian North, Enrica Piccardo Mediation and the socialand linguistic integration of migrants: updating the CEFR descriptors 83 Kate Hammer Sociocultural integration and second language proficiency following migration 91 Monika Jezak, Encarnacion Carrasco Integrationtrajectories of adult (im)migrants in minority andminoritized contexts: Ottawaand Barcelona 97 Jamel Sarraj L’intégration linguistique des migrants adultes :lamise en œuvredes politiques publiques dans la région suisse alémanique de Zurich 105 3Linguistic repertoires and integration / Répertoires linguistiques et intégration ThomasLaimer,Martin Wurzenrainer Multilingualism as aresource forbasic education with young migrants 117 Büşra Hamurcu Süverdem La place de la L1 dans les familles bilinguesfranco-turques en Alsace 123 Salih Akin La loyautélinguistique au sein des membres de la communautékurde en France 131 TableofContents/Sommaire XI Isabelle Bambust Le résident européen percevant sa propreaptitude linguistique dans un contexte judiciaire – unepremièrerecherche empirique sans prétention
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