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University of Southern Maine USM Digital Commons Le Boréal Express Publications 4-15-1963 Le Boréal Express, v.1 n.4, (04/15/1963) Franco-American Collection Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/fac-boreal-express This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Publications at USM Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Le Boréal Express by an authorized administrator of USM Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PAR L'HISTOIRE - CITOYEN DU TEMPS (Trois-Rivières, 15 ovril 1963) VOLUME 1, No 4 LES ANGLAIS, MAÎTRES DE QUÉBEC Paris - Il semble bien que le rêve DERNIÈRE HEURE ----~ de Champlain de fonder en Nouvelle-Fran­ ce une colonie vient de s'écrouler. les Kirke, malgré la signature du Traité de LA NouvmE-FRANCE Suse, ont forcé les habitants de Québec à leur remettre le fort. Même si l'on peut louer leur magnanimité envers les SERAIT RESTITUÉE vaincus, l'on est potlé à croire que leur geste constitue un acte de piraterie. Il serait certes intéressant pour nos lec­ AUX FRANÇAIS teurs de connaître les clauses de l'acte de reddition. Pour ce, nous les publions Londres - (OOC) Il ap­ "in pert, d'après des sources exlenso". généralernent bien infor­ mées, que Québec sera re­ mis bientôt entre les mains "Articles demandés à être ac• de ses anciens proprié­ cordés par le Sieur Kirke, corn• mandant de présent aux vais­ taires. Par suite des re­ seaux qui sont proche.s de Qué­ présentations faites par bec aux Sieurs de Champlain et Champlain à Charles Ier, du Pont, le 19 juillet 1629. roi d'Angleterre, le retour • Que le Sieur K.irke now: fe­ :~e st:~:sequf:.:.ra:ar.:::: ra ooir la commission du Roi de reusement, il n'a pas ét. la Grande-Bretagne et en vertu question chez le roi d'An• tk quoi ü .se veut saisir de cette pla~, si c'est en effet de guerre gleterre de I' Acadie. légitime que la France ait avec Le bruit court de plus en r An&leterre et s'ü a procuration plus que, dès le printemps er ,:;ouœir du Sieur Kirke, son frère, sénértJ de la flotte anglai­ prochain, 1a Compagnie se pour traiter avec nous, le mon­ des Cent-Associés enverra trera. au delà de six vaisseaux de guerre pour reprendre • Il nous .sua donné un vais­ Québec. Il ne faudrait pas .seau pour repauer en France tou.s que ce geste nuise aux né­ nos compagnon:s et ceux qui ont gociations. Tout espoir n'est été pris par ledit Sieur Général donc pas perdu. allant trouver passage en France PRISE DE QUÉBEC PAR LES KIRKE - Cmmn, joumaux eurnpéen, on, pa,lé et aussi tous les religieux, tant de la prise de Québec ooec beaucoup de fantaisie. Un graveur, qui semble bien les pères /ésuûes que Récollets, peu au courant de fa.spect de Québec, a fait ~uvre d'imagination en ülustrant que deux swwagesses qui m'ont de fa façon ci-haut un combat qui n'a jamais eu lieu. Le Boréal Express pro• Thomas. Mois 111 vainqueurs n'ont pas dai­ été données, Ü r a deux ans, par teste contre la diffusion d'informations aussi mensongères concernant la Nouvelle­ les Sauvages, lesquelles je pour­ gn, acqviHcer à toutes IH demandes de rai emmener sans que on me les France. Champlain. On lui refv10 tout d'obord l'oc­ puisse retenir ni donner empê­ troi d'un vaiueav, mai, on l'a11vro du pos- che,nent en quelque manière que 1age en Angleterre et de là en fronce. Cette ce soit. e Que fon usera envers nous vaisseau que ledit Sieur Kirke mHvre avait pour but d'6viter que lei cU. de traitement le plus favorable nous donnera pour repasser en port61 de QIMbec ne retomba1Hnt enco,. que ce pourra .saru que l'on fas ­ France près de cent personnes une fois •ntre IH moins dH Angla:1. • Que fon nozt.t permettra de se de violence à qui que ce soit que nous sommes tant ceux qui sortir avec ar,nes et bagages et comme religieux et autres de no.1 ont été pris com,ne ceux qui sont Par ,vite des intrigue, de Marsolet, Cham­ toutes les autres commodités de compagnons tant de ceux qui de présent en ces lieux. plain n'a pu obtenir lo permi11ion d'omener meubles que clwcun peut avoi.r, sont en ces lieux que ceux qui avec lui IH devx petite, Sovvageue,, E1p6,. tant religieux que autres, ne per­ ont été pris, parmi, lesquels est e Ce que accordé et signé rance et Charit6. lH Kirlce ne te sont pa1 mettant qu'il nous soit faü au­ mon beau-frère Boullé qui était d'une part et tlaJJ.tre par ledit montr6, g6n,revx, non plv1, 1vr lo qvHtion cun empêchement en quelque ma­ pour commander à tous ceux de Sieur Kirke, qui est à Tadous.soc, du ITansport de, bi1n1. les 1oldt1ts français nière et façon que ce soit. La barque qui étaû partie d'ici général de l'armée anglaise et n'ont pu apporter avec eux que lavn habitt pour aller trouver pauage pour .son conseil, nous mettrons le Jort ot une nvle robe de costor. Les restriction, repasser en Fronca. furent mime plus Nvèret pour IH PèrH qui • Que fan now donnera des et fhabitation et le.s mai.son& en­ tre les main.s dudit Sieur Kirke ne purent prendre que leurs robH et leurs vivres en suffisance pour nous llvrH. repasser en France en échange de • Le vaisseau où. nous devrons ou autre qui aura pouvoi.r pour pelleteries sans que, par violence passer noiu sera remis trois joun cet effet de lui. Signé Champlain, Quelques fronçai, •• ,ont d,cid61 à de­ ou autre manière que ce soit, fon après rn,tre arrivée à Tadoussac. LePont." meurer à ou,bec. Il faut Hp6rer que le tort empêche chacun en particulier D'ici, nous sera donni une bar­ qui leur est r6serv6 ne les forcero pot à âemporter si peu que fan en a que ou un vaisseau pour charger Lei demandes dei deux s.ignotaire1 nov• r6int,grer, eux ovni, la mère patrie. La Nov-, qui est entre les soldats et com­ ntu commodités pour aller audit paroi1nnt normole1. David Kirke a ratifl' velle-france avro coGt, bien des peines pour pa&nons de celf lieux. Tadoussac prendre possession du l'accord 1ign6 par ses deux frères, louis et une vie avui brève 1 CEUX QUI RESTENT: P. 8 • P. 9: CEUX QUI PARTENT .. 1629 1629 "°BOll€AL /ICXPl<llnii~ 3 LA FRANCE ENTRE RICHELIEU, "PRINCIPAL MINISTRE" DANS LA COURSE MARITIME C'Ht par un coup de th,âtre sensotionnel qu• ••••t termin,e lo 1ourde lutte que m.,_ noi•nt contre Rich•liau lo R•in, Mori• d• le Cordinol de Richelieu, par lo GRANDE ORDONNANCE, vient de lancer Médici1, Mon1ieur I• Frère du Roi •t les plut la Fronce dons la coursa pour la domination des man. hout1 noble1 du royoum• d• Fronc•. la GRANDE ORDONNANCE codifia toute la séria des mesures que la Roi R•ntront à Poris our'o" dH vidoirH qui a prises pour développer le commerce marilime françois. Une marine de guerre ont morqu, lo campogn• du Pi,mont •t lo Il y a cinquante ans (1579): Cer­ forte de dnquonte vaisseaux sera construite. Elle se tiendra à lo disposition des guerre contre lai Hugu•noh, Richelieu dut commerçants et protégera leurs navires ,sur toutes les mars du monde. foir• foce à un, radautoblt1 cobol• organiM• taines provinces des Pays­ Suse por lo Rein,. Tous les constructeurs da navires, tous les mariniers françois vivant à l'étron­ • à Bas se proclament indé­ ger, sont lenus, "sur peine da confiscation de corps et da biens da rentrer dons La nobl,11,, ••a•p'r'• por l'•x,cution d• pendantes. le royoume et de se mettre à la disposition du Roi". LA FRANCE Montmar•ncy-Boutevill, et du comte dH Cho­ les Catholiques des Pays­ palle1, le 22 juin, d,mandoit la tlte du Cor­ Aucun navire étranger n'aura lo permission de foire, ovec quelque colonie Bas et le roi d'Espagne dinol. Lo Reine la leur promettoit. Le Roi lei que ce soit, le commerce de denrées pour la Fronce. Ces décisions, ainsi que toute robroua et accord• un• promotion à san mi-­ Philippe Il mettent fin à une série de mesu•es qui les occompognent, ont pour but de classer la Fronce nistro. Est bien pri• qui croyoit prendre 1 leurs luttes en signant la ou rong des gronds poys impériolistes. ET l'ANGLETERRE Louis XIII a compris depuis lon9t•mp1 que paix à Arras. les milieux da la houte finonce, à Poris, se ploisent èi dire que lo GRANDE Rich•liev Ht indispensable à l'occroiu,m,nt ORDONNANCE aidero considéroblemant le commerce fronçais et qu'alla fera d• la France et au maintien de lo dignit, Il y a cent ans (1529): l'auteur progresser beoucoup plus rapidamanl' les nouvelles colonies françaises des Antilles LOUIS XIII, en la dix-neuvième année de royole. le Roi et le Cordinal na •'aiment d'Utopie, Thomas Morus, et d'Amérique du Nord. son accession au trône. guèr• moi1, Louis XIII connaît trop l'utilit, est n o m m é chancelier SIGNENT LA PAIX du ministre cordinol pour accepter de 1'an d'Henri VIII. Ce roi d'An­ •'parer, La France et l'Angleterre, dont les de continuer son aide aux troupes de gleterre le fera décapiter Toua l•1 obHrvoteur1 objectifs sont d'ac­ EN ANGLETERRE relations s'étaient fortement enveni­ Rohan.
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  • Richelieu's Army: War, Government and Society in France, 1624–1642

    Richelieu's Army: War, Government and Society in France, 1624–1642

    Richelieu's Army: War, Government and Society in France, 1624–1642 DAVID PARROTT CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Richelieu's Army War, Government and Society in France, 1624±1642 The conduct of European war on an unprecedented scale is central to an understanding of the ministry of Richelieu (1624±42), and there has been no previous study of the French army during this period. This book provides a detailed account of the organization of the army, and examines the challenges posed by war to government and society in a period associated with the creation of the `absolutist state'. By making extensive use of archival material, the study cuts through myths concerning military and administrative evolution, and confronts typical assumptions about progressive centralization and more effective control of the war-effort by the crown and its agents. Although the European war imposed huge burdens upon the French people, Richelieu's ministry struggled to control the army through traditional administrative and ®nancial mechanisms. Far from strengthening the absolutist authority of government, the waging of war eroded the ministry's control over army of®cers and troops and incited tensions between soldiers and civilians across French society which in turn contributed to the undermining of existing structures of authority and control. The book also makes an original and sceptical contribution to the debate about a `military revolution' in early modern Europe by examining the conduct of war in early seventeenth- century France. In addition, it seeks to contextualize the inadequacy of the war-effort during Richelieu's ministry by providing a view of the military context of French foreign policy after 1625 which challenges many of the orthodoxies about Richelieu's aims and objectives in involving France in the Thirty Years War.