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ITC by Country Report ITC by Country Report Ecuador 05/12/2014 ITC by country - Ecuador 1 Table of Contents 1. Country / Territory Brief 2. People and Economy 2.1 People 2.2 Economy 3. Trade Performance 3.1 General Trade Performance 3.2 Sector Trade Performance 4. Trade Strategy and Policy 4.1 Trade and Development Strategies 4.2 Domestic and Foreign Market Access 4.3 Trade Facilitation 4.4 Business and Regulatory Environment 4.5 Infrastructure 5. ITC and the Country/Territory 5.1 ITC Projects 5.2 Events 5.3 ITC Contacts 6. Trade Information Sources and Contacts 6.1 Trade Information Sources 6.2 Trade Contacts This is a pdf version of the captioned country contents in the intracen web site of the International Trade Centre. This document was generated on 05.12.2014. For the latest information about ITC's work and the country, please refer to www.intracen.org © International Trade Centre 2014 ITC encourages the reprinting and translation of its publications to achieve wider dissemination. Short extracts of this document may be freely reproduced, with due acknowledgement of the source. Permission should be requested for more extensive reproduction or translation. A copy of the reprinted or translated material should be sent to ITC. ITC by country - Ecuador 2 1. Country / Territory Brief Ecuador has experienced inclusive growth, increasing the middle class and reducing poverty and extreme poverty levels in recent years. Moreover, it is the country that has reduced inequality more rapidly in the region. Despite many successes, Ecuador’s growth relies heavily on exports of commodities and on public investment. Reduce high economic dependency on the oil sector is an important challenge. The Government objectives include strengthening domestic markets and to promote an “intelligent integration” into the global economy; promote exports focusing on diversification of products, services and markets; support local producers, particularly SMEs, with the goal to reduce dependency on traditional exports such as oil and agricultural commodities; and transform the higher education system and increased knowledge in science, technology, and innovation. In this context ITC aims to work both at national and regional level and to support the competitiveness of SMEs and the services sector. ITC by country - Ecuador 3 2. People and Economy 2.1 People Total population 14,512,402 in 2012 with growth rates of 1.6% p.a during 2008-2012 (growth rates per annum) Population density (people per sq. km of 58 in 2012 land area) Female population 49.9% in 2012 Population below 15 30.3% in 2008 ; 31.6% in 2012 years of age Urban population 65.6% in 2012 Population living below $1.25 a day at purchasing 6.5% in 2012 power parity (PPP) Ranking in the Human 89 out of 186 in 2012 Development Index (HDI) Evolution of the Human Development Index (HDI) Source: United Nations Development Programme Human Development Indicators Note: The Human Development Index measures the overall development of a nation and ranges from 0 (low level of development) to 1 (highest level of development). The United Nations Development Programme (http://hdr.undp.org) provides a detailed explanation. ITC Regional group refers to ITC definition Life expectancy at birth (years) (76); Mortality rate, under-5 (per thousand live births) (23.3) in Health 2012 Education Education index - expected and mean years of schooling (rank) ( 103 out of 191) in 2012 Income level GNI per capita in PPP terms (constant 2005 international $) (8,291) in 2012 Inequality Inequality-adjusted HDI (rank) (69 out of 191)in 2012 Poverty Multidimensional Poverty Index (rank)( 83 out of 191) in 2012 Gender Gender inequality index (rank) (66 out of 191) in 2012 Sustainability Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) (n.a) in 2012 ITC by country - Ecuador 4 2.2 Economy 2004 2008 2012 Sector added value US $ %GDP US $ %GDP US $ %GDP Agriculture 3,546 10.4 5,537 9.3 N.A. N.A. Industry 10,872 31.8 23,420 39.3 N.A. N.A. Added value per sector Manufacturing 4,621 13.5 7,447 12.5 N.A. N.A. (current US$ and % of GDP) Services 19,780 57.8 30,593 51.4 N.A. N.A. Source: World Bank World Development Indicators (WDI) Note: Added value is US$ terms are expressed in million, GDP US$, and "6,976 to be read 6'976" Evolution of GDP (constant 2005 US$) Source: World Bank World Development Indicators (WDI) Note: ITC calculations based on the World Bank WDI Evolution of GDP per capita (constant 2005 US$) Source: World Bank World Development Indicators (WDI) Note: ITC calculations based on the World Bank WDI ITC by country - Ecuador 5 Aid Dependency (Official Development Assistance/Gross National Income) Source: World Bank World Development Indicators (WDI) Note: ITC calculations based on the World Bank WDI. Regional group refers to ITC definition 2004 2008 2012 Remittance ($ millions) 1,838 3,089 N.A Remittance (% GDP) 502.3 500.1 N.A Remittances as a Share of GDP Remittances as a Share of GDP Source: World Bank World Development Indicators (WDI) Note: ITC calculations based on World Bank WDI, IMF BOP statistics, and "6,976 to be read 6'976" ITC by country - Ecuador 6 3. Trade Performance 3.1 General Trade Performance 3.1.1 Evolution of Trade Ratio to GDP - Goods 3.1.2 Evolution of Trade Ratio to GDP - Services ITC by country - Ecuador 7 3.1.3 Evolution of Total Trade 3.1.4 Trade Map ITC by country - Ecuador 8 3.1.5 Export and Import by Leading Destination - Export 3.1.6 Export and Import by Leading Destination - Import ITC by country - Ecuador 9 3.1.7 Evolution of Exports and Imports by Destination - Export 3.1.8 Evolution of Exports and Imports by Destination - Import ITC by country - Ecuador10 3.1.9 Total Export Growth Source: ITC, calculations based on ITC’s Trade Competitiveness Map data. Note:Graph shows decomposition of the country’s export growth in value terms by diversification pattern over the indicated period. 3.1.10 Marginal Export Growth Source: ITC, calculations based on ITC’s Trade Competitiveness Map data. Note:Graph shows decomposition of the country’s export growth in value by structural driving effects over the indicated period. Values are in US$ thousands. ITC by country - Ecuador11 3.1.11 Composition of Trade in Services - Export 3.1.12 Composition of Trade in Services - Import ITC by country - Ecuador12 3.1.13 Evolution of FDI ITC by country - Ecuador13 3.2 Sector Trade Performance 3.2.1 Sectoral Diversification in Products - Export 3.2.2 Sectoral Diversification in Products - Import ITC by country - Ecuador14 3.2.3 Sectoral Diversification in Destinations - Export 3.2.4 Sectoral Diversification in Destinations - Import Sectoral diversification in origin for Ecuador's imports Sector's Share of top 3 import supplying List of the top 3 supplying countries growth countries in Sector in value sector’s imports (% p.a) 2009- 2009 2013 2009 2013 2013 Clothing 38.2 % 58.1 % 72.9 % Colombia ; China ; Panama China ; Colombia ; Peru Leather products 27.4 % 57.4 % 78.1 % Panama ; China ; Area Nes China ; Viet Nam ; Colombia United States of America ; United States of America ; Minerals 24.0 % 67.1 % 76.1 % Venezuela ; Peru Panama ; Spain United States of America ; United States of America ; Spain Unclassified products 18.7 % 81.4 % 55.8 % Venezuela ; Spain ; Japan United States of America ; China China ; United States of America Electronic components 18.0 % 59.0 % 62.4 % ; Colombia ; Colombia United States of America ; China ; Mexico ; United States of IT & consumable electronics 16.1 % 72.3 % 79.8 % Panama ; China America United States of America ; China United States of America ; China Non-electronic machinery 15.7 % 56.9 % 56.2 % ; Brazil ; Germany United States of America ; China China ; United States of America Miscellaneous manufacturing 15.0 % 54.9 % 60.9 % ; Colombia ; Colombia United States of America ; China China ; United States of America Basic manufactures 14.2 % 38.6 % 50.6 % ITC by country - Ecuador15 3.2.5 Sectors by World Demand - Export 3.2.6 Sectors by World Demand - Import ITC by country - Ecuador16 3.2.7 Trade Performance Index ITC by country - Ecuador17 4. Trade Strategy and Policy 4.1 Trade and Development Strategies Year Strategy name Sector Plan Nacional de Desarrollo Agroindustrial The plan aims to improve and increase agro-industrial production, especially Agro-Industry 2009 shifting the... Plan Nacional Para el Buen Vivir 2009 The plan builds on the previous Plan de Desarrollo Nacional and it... UNDAF Ecuador 2010-2014 The United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF) is aligned with 2009 the objectives... Plan Estratégico de Desarrollo de Turismo Sostenible para Ecuador - PLANDETUR 2020 Tourism 2007 The plan aims to consolidate ecotourism as a way to foster economic... Plan Nacional de Desarrollo 2007 The plan envisages a range of policies aiming to improve the well-being... Plan Nacional de Desarrollo de las Telecomunicaciones Information Communication 2007 The plan provides an overview of the current situation of the telecommunications... Technology Plan Nacional de Desarrollo Social y Productivo 2007 The plan pursues five main objectives: 1) to provide a strategic framework... Estrategia Nacional para el manejo y desarrollo sostenible del Aviturismo en Ecuador Tourism 2006 The plan analyses the potential for bird-watching in Ecuador. It points out... Estrategia Nacional de Ecoturismo Firstly, the strategy outlines a conceptual framework for ecotourism, providing a Tourism 2003 definition... ITC by country - Ecuador18 4.2 Domestic and Foreign Market Access ITC by country - Ecuador19 4.3 Trade Facilitation Logistics
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