DOCSLIB.ORG

Health,Disease and Unemployment: the Bermuda Triangle of Society

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Health,Disease and Unemployment: the Bermuda Triangle of Society Jonathan Shapiro Health, disease Emma Hill and unemployment: Julia Manning The Bermuda Triangle of Society Supported by a grant from Health, disease and unemployment: The Bermuda Triangle of Society Jonathan Shapiro Emma Hill Julia Manning Supported by a grant from Contents 01 About this Publication 3 02 Executive Summary 4 03 Background and Context 6 Medical view 10 Good work versus bad work 12 Occupational health and vocational rehabilitation 13 Summary of Programmes designed to assist in reducing unemployment 14 Broader costs 15 04 Methodology 16 05 Why a Bermuda Triangle? 18 06 Themes 20 Generic Points 20 British attitudes to work 20 Illness and unemployment are not separate issues 21 Other themes 22 Prevention is better than cure, even with long term ill health 22 Occupational Health: whose services are they anyway? 23 Where welfare is concerned, small is beautiful 24 General practice: tinker, tailor, provider, landlord, case manager, or none of the above? 25 The flexible workplace: oxymoron or aspiration 26 Incentivising the return to work 26 07 Summary of key messages 28 The British andWork 28 Prevention is better than cure, even with long term ill health 29 Occupational health: it is broke, so let’s fix it 29 Where welfare is concerned, small is beautiful 30 The role of general practice 30 The flexible workplace: oxymoron or aspiration 30 Incentivising the return to work 31 08 Conclusions 32 09 Footnotes 34 10 Appendices 35 Appendix 1 –Work Outcomes Interview Schedule 35 Appendix 2 – Interviewees 35 11 Bibliography 38 Health, disease and unemployment: The Bermuda Triangle of society 01 About this Publication The measure of successful NHS treatment is increasingly not a case of whether a process target has been met, but whether that treatment was a success. In other words, what was the final ‘outcome’? Did the patient get better and stay well? Added to this is the crucial question for the working age population – how quickly did they get back to work? This project looked at whether being at work is or could be considered a clinical ‘outcome’ of successful health treatment. Can keeping people in work or returning them to work find its place as an indicator of a successful health intervention on which professionals or institutions can be measured? We make fourteen recommendations and observations that we believe will be of value to policy makers. The overall challenge is increasing the visibility to frontline professionals and employers of those trapped in the ‘Bermuda Triangle’ of illness, wanting to work and unemployment - rescuing or preventing them from getting lost there in the first place. We are indebted to Abbott Healthcare who enabled this research to be undertaken, and to all our sponsors for their unrestricted funding on which we depend. As well as driving our on-going work of involving frontline professionals in policy ideas and development, sponsorship enables us to communicate with and involve officials and policymakers in the work that we do. Involvement in the work of 2020health.org is never conditional on being a sponsor. Julia Manning Chief Executive June 2010 www.2020health.org 2020health.org Disclaimer 83 Victoria Street London SW1H 0HW The views expressed in this document are those of the T 020 3170 7702 E [email protected] authors alone. All facts have been checked for accuracy as far as possible. Sponsored by Abbott. The views Published by 2020health.org expressed in this document do not necessarily reflect © 2010 2020health.org those of Abbott. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of the publisher. 3 Health, disease and unemployment: The Bermuda Triangle of society The recommendations and observations that came out 02 of the interviews, discussions and analysis were: 01 The first aim of any policy change should ensure Executive that it is in the interests of the individual, the employer, and society at large to align the Summary incentives and close the loop between health, illness, and unemployment. 02 Raising the perception of control is key to Recent reports have made a huge improving productivity, and all the work on contribution to raising the profile of the leadership, engagement, and so on is actually relationship between health and work. They trying to do this. An overt focus on improving this culture would reap rapid and sustainable benefits. have highlighted how important it is that we have a healthy workforce, that health and 03 Getting patients back to productive and wellbeing are intrinsically connected and sustainable work should become a key that intervening early in illness is a key factor objective and outcome indicator for all health to recovery and the return to work, whether services, particularly the NHS. All forms of clinical education need to include this aim from in the same or a different role. their outset, and throughout both undergraduate and continuing training. With the increased calls for the NHS to be held accountable for health ‘outcomes’, the 04 An important aspect of this emphasis must be the aim of this study was to establish whether inclusion in the diagnostic process of the social and psychological aspects of an illness as well as its being at work is or could be considered physical manifestations, and treatment should a clinical ‘outcome’ of successful health be aimed at ameliorating patients’ ability treatment. Could keeping people in work or to return to work as part of returning them returning them to work find its place as an to better health. indicator of a successful health intervention 05 One essential in this regard would be the on which professionals or institutions could strengthening of direct links between the be judged? This report describes how we NHS and the Department of Work and identified the recommendations previously Pensions (DWP) , not damaging the formal links made with a view to delivering improved and relationships that have been established health and wellbeing in the workforce. We between the departments by outsourcing the joint working. then used these recommendations as a basis for interviewing experts in the field as to 06 There needs to be an acceptance on the part of the their awareness of and /or agreement with employer and of wider society that it is normal them. Their responses prompted two for the work environment and job roles to particular themes that were then taken to change as people’s careers progress , even if that entails physical change (seating, instrumentation, the front line, to test them with people etc), and changes to the terms as well as the working in health, welfare and back-to-work conditions of employment. programmes. These were: 07 OH services should be made more widely 01 ‘Occupational health medicine is available, less focused on the needs of the irrelevant to the link between health employer, and more widely based than on Occupational Health (OH)doctors alone. and work.’ This has only been partly addressed by the DH’s advice lines for small and mid-sized 02 ‘How may a return to work be enterprises (SMEs). incentivised, to the benefit of the individual, their employer, and the state?’ 4 08 Clearly, whilst there is an economy of scale in This list reflects both that significant progress has already providing services that help people back to work, been made in the understanding of the relationship the clear message from this work is that any between work and health, but also that there are benefits of size are more than offset by their noteworthy challenges ahead in changing the culture. disbenefits in terms of intimidation and lack There was universal agreement that being able to work of involvement. should be considered a health ‘outcome’. The challenge is increasing the visibility to frontline 09 There was consensus concerning the use of GP professionals and employers of those trapped in facilities as a venue for the work and advice the ‘Bermuda Triangle’ of illness, wanting to work required to help the workless get back to work. and unemployment, and rescuing them from there Their local nature and size and relative informality – or preventing them from getting lost there in the are helpful, and they could be populated by staff first place. from private and/or voluntary organisations. The idea of linking the tasks associated with the return to work to specific health care issues at a single venue was also appealing. 10 However, predicting the absence of sickness or a reduction in turnover require a leap of faith, and such faith is often the missing ingredient in introducing some of these changes. This may be one area where legislation concerning the employee benefits mentioned above may be appropriate. 11 It should be possible to introduce some kind of tapering scale as health and workfullness improve, by which welfare payments reduce as ‘real’ income grows without any step changes being triggered in a way that avoids the classic benefits trap. 12 What is required is genuine early intervention, preferably in time to preempt the whole workless phase, particularly when predictable health issues are causing the problem. There needs to be increased awareness of how important appropriate prescribing is in helping people return to work as quickly as possible. 13 It may be that medical support for such interventions could be an extension of the ‘fit note’ idea, using the GP’s imprimatur to validate such discussions, and preempt any punitive reaction by less enlightened employers. 14 With the rising awareness of and interest in work related stress, it may be that increasing the profile of the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) in this area could bring sufficient pressure to bear on employers on its prevention and more effective treatment of stress.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Bankruptcy Bermuda Triangle: Unbundling and Factoring in Consumer Bankruptcy Cases
    Online CLE Bankruptcy Bermuda Triangle: Unbundling and Factoring in Consumer Bankruptcy Cases 1 General CLE credit From the Oregon State Bar CLE seminar 32nd Annual Northwest Bankruptcy Institute, presented on April 5 and 6, 2019 © 2019 Edward Boltz, Gary Dyer. All rights reserved. ii Chapter 2 Bankruptcy Bermuda Triangle: Unbundling and Factoring in Consumer Bankruptcy Cases EDWARD BOLTZ Law Offices of John T. Orcutt Durham, North Carolina GARY DYER Office of the U.S. Trustee Spokane, Washington Contents Presentation Slides: The Risks and Rewards of Unbundling in Chapter 7. .2–1 Further Reading . 2–15 Daniel Gill, “Should ‘No Money Down’ Chapter 7s Be Allowed?” Bloomberg Law, October 27, 2017 (Reprinted with Permission) . 2–17 Tessa Santiago, Michael Sousa, and Alex Dolhancyk, “Rustling Up Bankruptcy Unbundling,” NACBA’s 26th Annual Convention, April 2018 (Reprinted with Permission) . 2–19 Bethea v. Robert J. Adams & Associates, 352 F.3d 1125 (7th Cir. 2003) . 2–33 Memorandum Opinion in In re Wright, Case Nos. 17-11936-M (Bankr. N.D. Okla. 2018) . 2–41 Cadwell v. Kaufman, Englett & Lynd, PLLC, 886 F.3d 1153 (11th Cir. 2018) . 2–97 Final Report of the American Bankruptcy Institute National Ethics Task Force (Reprinted with Permission). .2–115 Chapter 2—Bankruptcy Bermuda Triangle: Unbundling and Factoring in Consumer Bankruptcy Cases 32nd Annual Northwest Bankruptcy Institute 2–ii Chapter 2—Bankruptcy Bermuda Triangle: Unbundling and Factoring in Consumer Bankruptcy Cases The Risks and Rewards of Unbundling in Chapter 7 Presented by: Edward Boltz, Law Offices of John T. Orcutt, Durham NC Gary Dyer, U.S. Trustee Program, Seattle WA Disclaimer: These materials and the opinions expressed are not necessarily the position of the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Project Plan EDCP 331 Conspiracy Theories and Critical Thinking
    Conspiracy Theories and Critical Thinking EDCP 331 December 2016 1 Project Plan EDCP 331 Conspiracy Theories and Critical Thinking Class Description: The Grade 7 classroom was located in a typical elementary school in a suburban neighbourhood in Delta, British Columbia. There was a total of 29 students, 16 males and 13 females. The teacher is female and has been teaching for seven years. It is a racially diverse classroom of children who come from various ethnic backgrounds. The socioeconomic status of the children could be described as middle class. There were no obvious indicators of wealth such as high end name brand clothing and accessories. Nor was there obvious indicators of poverty worn clothing, unkempt hygiene. The teacher did indicate three males that needed additional support. One diagnosed with autism and a hearing impairment, another diagnosed with autism and is a Jehovah's Witness, and a third ELL with an unstable family environment. These two males required more monitoring, one on one communication and patience from the TC’s during the lessons than did the other students. A third student was identified as gender fluid, listed on the class list as female but preferring to be called by a male name. This challenged the TC’s to attempt to avoid saying “his”, “her”, “boys and girls” and instead call the group by their division and number. This classroom appeared to be keenly interested in the topic at hand but needed monitoring, guidance and support to stay on task. The teacher dealt with a social issue, unrelated to our lesson, for at least one student every time we provided a lesson.
    [Show full text]
  • Conspiracy Theory Beliefs: Measurement and the Role of Perceived Lack Of
    Conspiracy theory beliefs: measurement and the role of perceived lack of control Ana Stojanov A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand November, 2019 Abstract Despite conspiracy theory beliefs’ potential to lead to negative outcomes, psychologists have only relatively recently taken a strong interest in their measurement and underlying mechanisms. In this thesis I test a particularly common motivational claim about the origin of conspiracy theory beliefs: that they are driven by threats to personal control. Arguing that previous experimental studies have used inconsistent and potentially confounded measures of conspiracy beliefs, I first developed and validated a new Conspiracy Mentality Scale, and then used it to test the control hypothesis in six systematic and well-powered studies. Little evidence for the hypothesis was found in these studies, or in a subsequent meta-analysis of all experimental evidence on the subject, although the latter indicated that specific measures of conspiracies are more likely to change in response to control manipulations than are generic or abstract measures. Finally, I examine how perceived lack of control relates to conspiracy beliefs in two very different naturalistic settings, both of which are likely to threaten individuals feelings of control: a political crisis over Macedonia’s name change, and series of tornadoes in North America. In the first, I found that participants who had opposed the name change reported stronger conspiracy beliefs than those who has supported it. In the second, participants who had been more seriously affected by the tornadoes reported decreased control, which in turn predicted their conspiracy beliefs, but only for threat-related claims.
    [Show full text]
  • Close Encounters in the Contemporary UFO Movement, UFO Sightings
    R.S. 2811 - Close Encounters In the contemporary UFO movement, UFO sightings, contacts, and abductions continue to be reported, and form the central core of the ongoing fascination with UFOs in popular culture. Each of these aspects of UFO phenomenon have significant religious overtones. Although UFO phenomena can be, and often are, understood outside the context of religious belief, there are strong religious or spiritual components to belief in and experience of contact with extraterrestrials and UFOs. This is true for any kind of close encounter, from the first to fourth kind. It is even more true for those who "channel" extraterrestrial entities, or for those who believe themselves to be the descendants of extraterrestrial visitors to earth. The religious implications of UFO sightings, contacts, and abductions have become increasingly evident over the past fifty years, as the UFO-as-advanced-technology thesis has failed to find incontrovertible support. Nevertheless, there are still a lot of participants in the broader UFO movement who reject any kind of religious interpretation of UFO phenomenon. For this reason, we should keep in mind that our discussion of the religious aspects of belief in UFOs and the experience of UFO abductions represents a generalization not necessarily applicable to the experiences of all members of the UFO movement. Close Encounter Experiences There are religious aspects to all kinds of close encounters with UFOs. The phrase "close encounter" was originated by an astronomer named J. Allen Hynek who worked with the United States Air Force from 1949 to about 1970 on its investigations into UFO phenomenon, investigations that were code named projects Sign, Grudge, and Blue Book.
    [Show full text]
  • Global Feedback and Input on the Facebook Oversight Board for Content Decisions Appendix
    Global Feedback and Input on the Facebook Oversight Board for Content Decisions Appendix Appendix A 02 Appendix B 07 Appendix C 26 Appendix D 100 Appendix E 138 Appendix F 177 APPENDIX A Draft Charter: An Oversight Board for Content Decisions Every day, teams at Facebook make difficult decisions about Facebook takes responsibility for our content decisions, what content should stay up and what should come down policies and the values we use to make them The purpose of the board is to provide oversight of how we exercise that As our community has grown to more than 2 billion people, responsibility and to make Facebook more accountable we have come to believe that Facebook should not make so many of those decisions on its own — that people should be The following draft raises questions and considerations, while able to request an appeal of our content decisions to an providing a suggested approach that constitutes a model for independent body the board’s structure, scope and authority It is a starting point for discussion on how the board should be designed To do that, we are creating an external board The board will and formed What the draft does not do is answer every be a body of independent experts who will review Facebook’s proposed question completely or finally most challenging content decisions - focusing on important and disputed cases It will share its decisions transparently and We are actively seeking contributions, opinions and give reasons for them perspectives from around the world on each of the questions outlined below
    [Show full text]
  • GURPS Classic Illuminati
    The World Is Stranger Than You Think By Nigel D. Findley Edited by Steve Jackson and Jeff Koke Additional Material by Steve Jackson and Chris McCubbin Illustrated by Dan Smith Additional Illustrations by John Kovalic, Shea Ryan and Ruth Thompson Cartoons by Alexis Gilliland GURPS System Design by Steve Jackson Interior and Color Production by Lillian Butler, Alain H. Dawson, Managing Editor Jeff Koke, Rick Martin, Derek Pearcy, and Bruce Sean Punch, GURPS Line Editor Popky Art Direction by Bruce Popky Print Buying by Russell Godwin Page Layout and Typography by Bruce Popky Ross Jepson, Sales Manager Michael Bowman, Errata Coordinator Playtesters: Meemie Allison, Joy Aregood, Kirby Arrinder, Tom Bither, J.M. Caparula, J. C. Connors, John Dees, Sean Dyess, Michael Ellinberg, John M. Ford, Jeffrey C. Gaines, Rob Lustek, Rob McMahan, John Monahan, Tim P. Morgan, Joe Moriarty, Trey Palmer, Allen Shock, Brett Slocum, Mary J. Zawacki, and the Illuminati BBS. GURPS and the all-seeing pyramid are registered trademarks of Steve Jackson Games Incorporated. Pyramid and Illuminati Online and the names of all products published by Steve Jackson Games Incorporated are registered trademarks or trademarks of Steve Jackson Games Incorporated, or used under license. GURPS Illuminati is copyright ©1992, 1996, 2000 by Steve Jackson Games Incorporated; cartoons copyright ©1979, 1984, 2000 by Alexis Gilliland. The pages from the Principia Discordia, reproduced on p. 124, are in the public domain. All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A. ISBN 1-55634-223-3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 STEVE JACKSON GAMES INTRODUCTION . .4 Equipment . .32 “Keep Your Day Job .
    [Show full text]
  • CIA), Oct 1997-Jan 1999
    Description of document: FOIA Request Log for the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Oct 1997-Jan 1999 Requested date: 2012 Released date: 2012 Posted date: 08-October-2018 Source of document: FOIA Request Information and Privacy Coordinator Central Intelligence Agency Washington, DC 20505 Fax: 703-613-3007 FOIA Records Request Online The governmentattic.org web site (“the site”) is noncommercial and free to the public. The site and materials made available on the site, such as this file, are for reference only. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals have made every effort to make this information as complete and as accurate as possible, however, there may be mistakes and omissions, both typographical and in content. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused, or alleged to have been caused, directly or indirectly, by the information provided on the governmentattic.org web site or in this file. The public records published on the site were obtained from government agencies using proper legal channels. Each document is identified as to the source. Any concerns about the contents of the site should be directed to the agency originating the document in question. GovernmentAttic.org is not responsible for the contents of documents published on the website. 1998 Case Log Creation Date Case Number Case Subject 07-0ct-97 F-1997-02319 FOIA REQUEST VIETNAM CONFLICT ERA 1961 07-0ct-97 F-1997-02320 FOIA REQUEST PROFESSOR ZELLIG S. HARRIS FOIA REQUEST FOR MEETING MINUTES OF THE PUBLIC DISCLOSURE COORDINATING COMMITTEE 07-0ct-97 F-1997-02321 (PDCC) 07-0ct-97 F-1997-02322 FOIA REQUEST RE OSS REPORTS AND PAPERS BETWEEN ALLEN DULLES AND MARY BANCROFT 07-0ct-97 F-1997-02323 FOIA REQUEST CIA FOIA GUIDES AND INDEX TO CIA INFORMATION SYSTEMS 07-0ct-97 F-1997-02324 FOIA REQUEST FOR INFO ON SELF 07-0ct-97 F-1997-02325 FOIA REQUEST ON RAOUL WALLENBERG 07-0ct-97 F-1997-02326 FOIA REQUEST RE RAYMOND L.
    [Show full text]
  • The Skeptical Inquirer
    the Skeptical Inquirer Hypnosis and UFOs Schmidt's PK Experiments Deciphering Ancient America A Sense of the Ridiculous Published by the Commit tec for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormall VOL. V NO. 3 SPRING IW1 Skeptical inquirer * THE ZETETIC THE SKEPTICAL INQUIRER (formerly THE ZETETIC) is the official journal of the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal. Editor Kendrick Frazier. Editorial Board George Abell, Martin Gardner, Ray Hyman, Philip J. Klass, Paul Kurtz, James Randi. Consulting Editors James E. Alcock, Isaac Asimov, William Sims Bainbridge, John Boardman, Milbourne Christopher, John R. Cole, Richard de Mille, Eric J. Dingwall, C. E. M. Hansel, E. C. Krupp, James Oberg, Robert Sheaffer. Assistant Editor Doris Hawley Doyle. Production Editor Betsy Offermann. Business Manager Lynette Nisbet. Staff Mary Rose Hays, Leslie Kaplan, Maureen Hays. The Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal Paul Kurtz, Chairman; philosopher, State University of New York at Buffalo. Lee Nisbet, Executive Director; philosopher, Medaille College. Fellows of the Committee: George Abell, astronomer, UCLA; James E. Alcock, psychologist, York Univ., Toronto; Isaac Asimov, chemist, author; Irving Biederman, psychologist, SUNY at Buffalo; Brand Blanshard, philosopher, Yale; Bart J. Bok, astronomer, Steward Observatory, Univ. of Arizona; Bette Chambers, A.H.A.; Milbourne Christopher, magician, author; Daniel Cohen, author; L. Sprague de Camp, author, engineer; Eric J. Dingwall, anthropologist, author; Bernard Dixon, European Editor, Omni; Paul Edwards, philosopher, Editor, Encyclopedia of Philosophy; Charles Fair, author; Antony Flew, philosopher, Reading Univ., U.K.; Kendrick Frazier, science writer, Editor, THE SKEPTICAL INQUIRER; Yves Galifret, Exec.
    [Show full text]
  • Ancient Astronaut« Narrations
    Marburg Journal of Religion: Volume 11, No. 1 (June 2006) »Ancient Astronaut« Narrations A Popular Discourse on Our Religious Past1 Andreas Grünschloß Abstract: In their typical explanatory and unveiling gesture, the narrations about Ancient Astronauts have become a popular myth about our religious past. Nowadays, these narrations are often contained in a specific genre of literature on the alternative bookshelves, and a gigantic theme park in Interlaken (“Mystery Park”) is staging some of its basic ideas. This Ancient Astronaut discourse owes much to Swiss-born Erich von Däniken, to be sure, but it can be traced back to the earlier impact of Charles Fort and his iconoclastic books about “damned data” – anomalistic sightings and findings which an ignorant science deliberately seemed to “exclude”. Since then, the “Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence in Ancient Times” (Paleo-SETI or PSETI) has become a popular “research” subject, leading not only to various publications in many languages of the world, but also to lay-research organizations and conventions. – The paper tries to identify the major themes, motivations and argumentative strategies in the Ancient Astronauts discourse, as well as its typical oscillation between an ‘alternative science’ and manifest esotericism. With its ‘neo-mythic’ activity (ufological Euhemerism, re-enchantment of heaven, foundation myth for modernity, etc.), it resembles a secular and ‘ufological’ parallel to creationism, displaying a strong belief in the ‘hidden’ truth of the religious traditions. This
    [Show full text]
  • The Demon Haunted World
    THE DEMON- HAUNTED WORLD Science as a Candle in the Dark CARL SAGAN BALLANTINE BOOKS • NEW YORK Preface MY TEACHERS It was a blustery fall day in 1939. In the streets outside the apartment building, fallen leaves were swirling in little whirlwinds, each with a life of its own. It was good to be inside and warm and safe, with my mother preparing dinner in the next room. In our apartment there were no older kids who picked on you for no reason. Just the week be- fore, I had been in a fight—I can't remember, after all these years, who it was with; maybe it was Snoony Agata from the third floor— and, after a wild swing, I found I had put my fist through the plate glass window of Schechter's drug store. Mr. Schechter was solicitous: "It's all right, I'm insured," he said as he put some unbelievably painful antiseptic on my wrist. My mother took me to the doctor whose office was on the ground floor of our building. With a pair of tweezers, he pulled out a fragment of glass. Using needle and thread, he sewed two stitches. "Two stitches!" my father had repeated later that night. He knew about stitches, because he was a cutter in the garment industry; his job was to use a very scary power saw to cut out patterns—backs, say, or sleeves for ladies' coats and suits—from an enormous stack of cloth. Then the patterns were conveyed to endless rows of women sitting at sewing machines.
    [Show full text]
  • Extraordinary Encounters: an Encyclopedia of Extraterrestrials and Otherworldly Beings
    EXTRAORDINARY ENCOUNTERS EXTRAORDINARY ENCOUNTERS An Encyclopedia of Extraterrestrials and Otherworldly Beings Jerome Clark B Santa Barbara, California Denver, Colorado Oxford, England Copyright © 2000 by Jerome Clark All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Clark, Jerome. Extraordinary encounters : an encyclopedia of extraterrestrials and otherworldly beings / Jerome Clark. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-57607-249-5 (hardcover : alk. paper)—ISBN 1-57607-379-3 (e-book) 1. Human-alien encounters—Encyclopedias. I. Title. BF2050.C57 2000 001.942'03—dc21 00-011350 CIP 0605040302010010987654321 ABC-CLIO, Inc. 130 Cremona Drive, P.O. Box 1911 Santa Barbara, California 93116-1911 This book is printed on acid-free paper I. Manufactured in the United States of America. To Dakota Dave Hull and John Sherman, for the many years of friendship, laughs, and—always—good music Contents Introduction, xi EXTRAORDINARY ENCOUNTERS: AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF EXTRATERRESTRIALS AND OTHERWORLDLY BEINGS A, 1 Angel of the Dark, 22 Abductions by UFOs, 1 Angelucci, Orfeo (1912–1993), 22 Abraham, 7 Anoah, 23 Abram, 7 Anthon, 24 Adama, 7 Antron, 24 Adamski, George (1891–1965), 8 Anunnaki, 24 Aenstrians, 10 Apol, Mr., 25
    [Show full text]
  • What Is the Great Lakes Triangle?
    Great Lakes Triangle—Activity 1 of Three What is the Great Lakes Triangle? In 1974, Charles Berlitz wrote in his famous best seller, The Bermuda Triangle: There is a section of the western Atlantic, off the southeast coast of the United States, forming what has been termed a triangle, extending from Bermuda in the north to southern Florida, and then east to a point through the Bahamas past Puerto Rico to about 40 degrees west longitude and then back again to Bermuda. This area occupies a disturbing and almost unbelievable place in the world's catalogue of unexplained mysteries. This is usually referred to as the Bermuda Triangle, where more than 1,000 lives have been lost in the past 26 years, without a single body or even a piece of wreckage from the vanishing planes or ships having been found. Former aviator Jay Gourley has since written a book called The Great Lakes Triangle (1977), which claims that the Great Lakes account for more unexplained disappearances per unit area than the Bermuda Triangle. This is no small comparison, considering that the Bermuda Triangle is 16 times larger than the Great Lakes area. Gourley says: Because of the irregular shape of the Great Lakes, pilots — aware of the dangers within — ordinarily circumnavigate the lakes, even when overflying might be shorter. It is almost impossible for even the slowest aircraft to be more than 20 minutes from land. Today's airliner can cross Lake Erie through the middle in ten minutes. Faster aircraft can do it in much less than four minutes.
    [Show full text]