Paleoclimatic Implications of Micromorphic Features of a Polygenetic Soil in the Monegros Desert (NE-Spain)
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And Saline-Tolerant Bacteria and Archaea in Kalahari Pan Sediments
Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät Steffi Genderjahn | Mashal Alawi | Kai Mangelsdorf | Fabian Horn | Dirk Wagner Desiccation- and Saline-Tolerant Bacteria and Archaea in Kalahari Pan Sediments Suggested citation referring to the original publication: Frontiers in Microbiology 9 (2018) 2082 DOI https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02082 ISSN (online) 1664-302X Postprint archived at the Institutional Repository of the Potsdam University in: Postprints der Universität Potsdam Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe ; 993 ISSN 1866-8372 https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-459154 DOI https://doi.org/10.25932/publishup-45915 fmicb-09-02082 September 19, 2018 Time: 14:22 # 1 ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 20 September 2018 doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02082 Desiccation- and Saline-Tolerant Bacteria and Archaea in Kalahari Pan Sediments Steffi Genderjahn1,2*, Mashal Alawi1, Kai Mangelsdorf2, Fabian Horn1 and Dirk Wagner1,3 1 GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, Section 5.3 Geomicrobiology, Potsdam, Germany, 2 GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, Section 3.2 Organic Geochemistry, Potsdam, Germany, 3 Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany More than 41% of the Earth’s land area is covered by permanent or seasonally arid dryland ecosystems. Global development and human activity have led to an increase in aridity, resulting in ecosystem degradation and desertification around the world. The objective of the present work was to investigate and compare the microbial community structure and geochemical characteristics of two geographically distinct saline pan sediments in the Kalahari Desert of southern Africa. Our data suggest that these microbial communities have been shaped by geochemical drivers, including water content, salinity, and the supply of organic matter. -
Evolution of Loess-Derived Soil Along a Topo-Climatic Sequence in The
European Journal of Soil Science, May 2017, 68, 270–280 doi: 10.1111/ejss.12425 Evolution of loess-derived soil along a climatic toposequence in the Qilian Mountains, NE Tibetan Plateau F. Yanga,c ,L.M.Huangb,c,D.G.Rossitera,d,F.Yanga,c,R.M.Yanga,c & G. L. Zhanga,c aState Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, NO. 71 East Beijing Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210008, China, bKey Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 11(A), Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China, cUniversity of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China, and dSchool of Integrative Plant Sciences, Section of Soil and Crop Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca NY 14853, USA Summary Holocene loess has been recognized as the primary source of the silty topsoil in the northeast Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The processes through which these uniform loess sediments develop into diverse types of soil remain unclear. In this research, we examined 23 loess-derived soil samples from the Qilian Mountains with varying amounts of pedogenic modification. Soil particle-size distribution and non-calcareous mineralogy were changed only slightly because of the weak intensity of chemical weathering. Accumulation of soil organic carbon (SOC) and leaching of carbonate were both identified as predominant pedogenic responses to soil forming processes. Principal component analysis and structural analysis revealed the strong correlations between soil carbon (SOC and carbonate) and several soil properties related to soil functions. -
World Reference Base for Soil Resources 2014 International Soil Classification System for Naming Soils and Creating Legends for Soil Maps
ISSN 0532-0488 WORLD SOIL RESOURCES REPORTS 106 World reference base for soil resources 2014 International soil classification system for naming soils and creating legends for soil maps Update 2015 Cover photographs (left to right): Ekranic Technosol – Austria (©Erika Michéli) Reductaquic Cryosol – Russia (©Maria Gerasimova) Ferralic Nitisol – Australia (©Ben Harms) Pellic Vertisol – Bulgaria (©Erika Michéli) Albic Podzol – Czech Republic (©Erika Michéli) Hypercalcic Kastanozem – Mexico (©Carlos Cruz Gaistardo) Stagnic Luvisol – South Africa (©Márta Fuchs) Copies of FAO publications can be requested from: SALES AND MARKETING GROUP Information Division Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Viale delle Terme di Caracalla 00100 Rome, Italy E-mail: [email protected] Fax: (+39) 06 57053360 Web site: http://www.fao.org WORLD SOIL World reference base RESOURCES REPORTS for soil resources 2014 106 International soil classification system for naming soils and creating legends for soil maps Update 2015 FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2015 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. -
Effects of Treated Wastewater Irrigation on Soil Salinity and Sodicity in Sfax (Tunisia): a Case Study"
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Érudit Article "Effects of treated wastewater irrigation on soil salinity and sodicity in Sfax (Tunisia): A case study" Nebil Belaid, Catherine Neel, Monem Kallel, Tarek Ayoub, Abdel Ayadi, et Michel Baudu Revue des sciences de l'eau / Journal of Water Science, vol. 23, n° 2, 2010, p. 133-146. Pour citer cet article, utiliser l'information suivante : URI: http://id.erudit.org/iderudit/039905ar DOI: 10.7202/039905ar Note : les règles d'écriture des références bibliographiques peuvent varier selon les différents domaines du savoir. Ce document est protégé par la loi sur le droit d'auteur. L'utilisation des services d'Érudit (y compris la reproduction) est assujettie à sa politique d'utilisation que vous pouvez consulter à l'URI https://apropos.erudit.org/fr/usagers/politique-dutilisation/ Érudit est un consortium interuniversitaire sans but lucratif composé de l'Université de Montréal, l'Université Laval et l'Université du Québec à Montréal. Il a pour mission la promotion et la valorisation de la recherche. Érudit offre des services d'édition numérique de documents scientifiques depuis 1998. Pour communiquer avec les responsables d'Érudit : [email protected] Document téléchargé le 13 février 2017 01:03 EFFECTS OF TREATED WASTEWATER IRRIGATION ON SOIL SALINITY AND SODICITY IN SFAX (TUNISIA): A CASE STUDY Effets de l’irrigation par les eaux usées traitées sur la salinité et la sodicité des sols de Sfax (Tunisie): Un cas d’étude Nebil belaid1,2 , CatheriNe Neel2*, MoNeM Kallel3, -
The Muencheberg Soil Quality Rating (SQR)
The Muencheberg Soil Quality Rating (SQR) FIELD MANUAL FOR DETECTING AND ASSESSING PROPERTIES AND LIMITATIONS OF SOILS FOR CROPPING AND GRAZING Lothar Mueller, Uwe Schindler, Axel Behrendt, Frank Eulenstein & Ralf Dannowski Leibniz-Zentrum fuer Agrarlandschaftsforschung (ZALF), Muencheberg, Germany with contributions of Sandro L. Schlindwein, University of St. Catarina, Florianopolis, Brasil T. Graham Shepherd, Nutri-Link, Palmerston North, New Zealand Elena Smolentseva, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry (ISSA), Novosibirsk, Russia Jutta Rogasik, Federal Agricultural Research Centre (FAL), Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Braunschweig, Germany 1 Draft, Nov. 2007 The Muencheberg Soil Quality Rating (SQR) FIELD MANUAL FOR DETECTING AND ASSESSING PROPERTIES AND LIMITATIONS OF SOILS FOR CROPPING AND GRAZING Lothar Mueller, Uwe Schindler, Axel Behrendt, Frank Eulenstein & Ralf Dannowski Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF) e. V., Muencheberg, Germany with contributions of Sandro L. Schlindwein, University of St. Catarina, Florianopolis, Brasil T. Graham Shepherd, Nutri-Link, Palmerston North, New Zealand Elena Smolentseva, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry (ISSA), Novosibirsk, Russia Jutta Rogasik, Federal Agricultural Research Centre (FAL), Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Braunschweig, Germany 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1. Objectives 4 2. Concept 5 3. Procedure and scoring tables 7 3.1. Field procedure 7 3.2. Scoring of basic indicators 10 3.2.0. What are basic indicators? 10 3.2.1. Soil substrate 12 3.2.2. Depth of A horizon or depth of humic soil 14 3.2.3. Topsoil structure 15 3.2.4. Subsoil compaction 17 3.2.5. Rooting depth and depth of biological activity 19 3.2.6. -
Caracterización Fisicoquímica De Un Calcisol Bajo
Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Forestales Vol. 9 (49) DOI: https://doi.org/10.29298/rmcf.v9i49.153 Artículo Caracterización fisicoquímica de un Calcisol bajo diferentes sistemas de uso de suelo en el noreste de México Physicochemical characterization of a Calcisol under different land -use systems in Northeastern Mexico Israel Cantú Silva1*, Karla E. Díaz García1, María Inés Yáñez Díaz1, 1 1 Humberto González Rodríguez y Rodolfo A. Martínez Soto Abstract: Changes in land use cause variations in the physicochemical characteristics of soil. The present study aims to quantify the changes in the physicochemical characteristics of a Calcisol in three land uses in the Northeast of Mexico: Native Vegetation Area (AVN), Cropland Area (AA) and Pasture Area (ASP). Four composite soil samples were taken at 0-5 and 5-30 cm depth from each land- use plot. The variables bulk density, texture, mechanical resistance to penetration, organic matter, pH and electric conductivity were determined. The analysis of variance showed differences in the organic matter with values of 4.2 % for AVN, 2.08 % for ASP and 1.19 % and for AA in the depth 0-5 cm. The texture was clay loam for AA, silty loam for ASP and loam for AVN showing differences. The soil under the three types of land -use presented low salinity (70.2 to 396.0 µS cm-1) showing differences at both depths. The soil hardness showed differences (p≤0.05) between plots. The AA showed lower values (0.78 kg cm- 2), contrasting with the values obtained for ASP (2.98 kg cm-2) and AVN (3.10 kg cm-2). -
Actinobacterial Rare Biospheres and Dark Matter Revealed in Habitats of the Chilean Atacama Desert
Idris H, Goodfellow M, Sanderson R, Asenjo JA, Bull AT. Actinobacterial Rare Biospheres and Dark Matter Revealed in Habitats of the Chilean Atacama Desert. Scientific Reports 2017, 7(1), 8373. Copyright: © The Author(s) 2017. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. DOI link to article: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-08937-4 Date deposited: 18/10/2017 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Newcastle University ePrints - eprint.ncl.ac.uk www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Actinobacterial Rare Biospheres and Dark Matter Revealed in Habitats of the Chilean Atacama Received: 13 April 2017 Accepted: 4 July 2017 Desert Published: xx xx xxxx Hamidah Idris1, Michael Goodfellow1, Roy Sanderson1, Juan A. Asenjo2 & Alan T. Bull3 The Atacama Desert is the most extreme non-polar biome on Earth, the core region of which is considered to represent the dry limit for life and to be an analogue for Martian soils. -
Appendix A. Supplementary Material
Appendix A. Supplementary material Comprehensive taxon sampling and vetted fossils help clarify the time tree of shorebirds (Aves, Charadriiformes) David Cernˇ y´ 1,* & Rossy Natale2 1Department of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago 60637, USA 2Department of Organismal Biology & Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago 60637, USA *Corresponding Author. Email: [email protected] Contents 1 Fossil Calibrations 2 1.1 Calibrations used . .2 1.2 Rejected calibrations . 22 2 Outgroup sequences 30 2.1 Neornithine outgroups . 33 2.2 Non-neornithine outgroups . 39 3 Supplementary Methods 72 4 Supplementary Figures and Tables 74 5 Image Credits 91 References 99 1 1 Fossil Calibrations 1.1 Calibrations used Calibration 1 Node calibrated. MRCA of Uria aalge and Uria lomvia. Fossil taxon. Uria lomvia (Linnaeus, 1758). Specimen. CASG 71892 (referred specimen; Olson, 2013), California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA. Lower bound. 2.58 Ma. Phylogenetic justification. As in Smith (2015). Age justification. The status of CASG 71892 as the oldest known record of either of the two spp. of Uria was recently confirmed by the review of Watanabe et al. (2016). The younger of the two marine transgressions at the Tolstoi Point corresponds to the Bigbendian transgression (Olson, 2013), which contains the Gauss-Matuyama magnetostratigraphic boundary (Kaufman and Brigham-Grette, 1993). Attempts to date this reversal have been recently reviewed by Ohno et al. (2012); Singer (2014), and Head (2019). In particular, Deino et al. (2006) were able to tightly bracket the age of the reversal using high-precision 40Ar/39Ar dating of two tuffs in normally and reversely magnetized lacustrine sediments from Kenya, obtaining a value of 2.589 ± 0.003 Ma. -
The Natural Magic of Aragon the Plus Points
The Natural Magic Of Aragon This is a truly magical region in the foothills of the Spanish Pyrenees. It is packed with dramatic landscapes, thousand-year-old castles, hermitages built into cliff-faces, exceptionally quaint villages, great weather, wonderful walking, original places to stay, and distinctively Aragonese cuisine. 7 nights, 6 walking days Minimum required 2 From point to point With luggage transportation Self-guided Code : FP2PURI The plus points • Transfers from and to Zaragoza (other transfers available) • Luggage transfers every day so you only carry a daysack • Typical Arogonese hotels with dinner included • 24/7 customer service Before departure, please check that you have an updated fact sheet. https://www.purelypyrenees.com/natural_magic_aragon.html FP2PURI Last update 29/12/2020 1 / 14 Aragon is a truly enchanting kingdom, a world unto itself, and your walking holiday includes a village they say is at the end of the world. But the "magic" comes from the frequent surprises (natural and man made) you get whilst walking through this panoramic landscape. For example, on just one walk you will find stunning, pink cliffs rising a sheer 1,000 feet above you; ancient hermitages cut into rock; almost hidden shepherds' huts; panoramic views of the Ebro plain and the High Pyrenees mountains; an abandoned village; a Roman bridge; a lovely waterfall. And that is without talking about the "magical" light that characterises Aragon, or its distinctive cuisine and hotels. It is a real surprise that, with all this on offer, there are not many more foreign visitors. Unsurprisingly, we thoroughly recommend it. THE PROGRAMME DAY 1 Arrival at Zaragoza or Loarre Standard option: You drive yourself to you first night's hotel, which will be in Loarre. -
01. Antarctica (√) 02. Arabia
01. Antarctica (√) 02. Arabia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabian_Desert A corridor of sandy terrain known as the Ad-Dahna desert connects the largeAn-Nafud desert (65,000 km2) in the north of Saudi Arabia to the Rub' Al-Khali in the south-east. • The Tuwaiq escarpment is a region of 800 km arc of limestone cliffs, plateaux, and canyons.[citation needed] • Brackish salt flats: the quicksands of Umm al Samim. √ • The Wahiba Sands of Oman: an isolated sand sea bordering the east coast [4] [5] • The Rub' Al-Khali[6] desert is a sedimentary basin elongated on a south-west to north-east axis across the Arabian Shelf. At an altitude of 1,000 m, the rock landscapes yield the place to the Rub' al-Khali, vast wide of sand of the Arabian desert, whose extreme southern point crosses the centre of Yemen. The sand overlies gravel or Gypsum Plains and the dunes reach maximum heights of up to 250 m. The sands are predominantly silicates, composed of 80 to 90% of quartz and the remainder feldspar, whose iron oxide-coated grains color the sands in orange, purple, and red. 03. Australia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deserts_of_Australia Great Victoria Western Australia, South Australia 348,750 km2 134,650 sq mi 1 4.5% Desert Great Sandy Desert Western Australia 267,250 km2 103,190 sq mi 2 3.5% Tanami Desert Western Australia, Northern Territory 184,500 km2 71,200 sq mi 3 2.4% Northern Territory, Queensland, South Simpson Desert 176,500 km2 68,100 sq mi 4 2.3% Australia Gibson Desert Western Australia 156,000 km2 60,000 sq mi 5 2.0% Little Sandy Desert Western Australia 111,500 km2 43,100 sq mi 6 1.5% South Australia, Queensland, New South Strzelecki Desert 80,250 km2 30,980 sq mi 7 1.0% Wales South Australia, Queensland, New South Sturt Stony Desert 29,750 km2 11,490 sq mi 8 0.3% Wales Tirari Desert South Australia 15,250 km2 5,890 sq mi 9 0.2% Pedirka Desert South Australia 1,250 km2 480 sq mi 10 0.016% 04. -
GYPSISOLS, DURISOLS, and CALCISOLS
GYPSISOLS, DURISOLS, and CALCISOLS Otto Spaargaren ISRIC – World Soil Information Wageningen The Netherlands Definition of Gypsisols Soils having z A gypsic or petrogypsic horizon within 100cm from the soil surface z No diagnostic horizons other than an ochric or cambic horizon, an argic horizon permeated with gypsum or calcium carbonate, a vertic horizon, or a calcic or petrocalcic horizon underlying the gypsic or petrogypsic horizon Gypsic horizon Results from accumulation of secondary gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O). It contains ≥ 15 percent gypsum (if ≥ 60 percent gypsum, horizon is called hypergypsic), and has a thickness of at least 15cm. Petrogypsic horizon The petrogypsic horizon z contains ≥ 60 percent gypsum z is cemented to the extent that dry fragments do not slake in water and the horizon cannot be penetrated by roots z has a thickness of 10cm or more Genesis of Gypsisols Main soil-forming factor is: Arid climate Main soil-forming process is: – Precipitation of gypsum from the soil solution when this evaporates. Most Gypsisols are associated with sulphate-rich groundwater that moves upward in the soil through capillary action and evaporates at the surface. Classification of Gypsisols (1) z Strong expression qualifiers: hypergypsic and petric z Intergrade qualifiers: calcic, duric, endosalic, leptic, luvic, and vertic z Secondary characteristics qualifiers, related to defined diagnostic horizons, properties or materials: aridic, hyperochric, takyric, and yermic Classification of Gypsisols (2) z Secondary characteristics qualifiers, not related to defined diagnostic horizons, properties or materials: arzic, skeletic, and sodic z Haplic qualifier, where non of the above applies: haplic Example of a Gypsisol (1) Yermi-Calcic Gypsisol (Endoskeletic and Sodic), Israel 0-2cm 2-6cm 6-21cm 21-38cm 38-50cm % gypsum 50-78cm % CaCO3 78-94cm 94-126cm 126-150cm 020406080 % Example of a Gypsisol (2) Yermi-Epipetric Gypsisol, Namibia Distribution of Gypsisols (1) Distribution of Gypsisols (2) Gypsisols cover some 100M ha or 0.7 % of the Earth’s land surface. -
A Formal Classification of the Lygeum Spartum Vegetation of the Mediterranean Region
DR. CORRADO MARCENÒ (Orcid ID : 0000-0003-4361-5200) Article type : Research article Florian Jansen Coordinating Editor: Prof. Florian Jansen A formal classification of the Lygeum spartum vegetation of the Mediterranean Region Corrado Marcenò1, Riccardo Guarino2, Ladislav Mucina3, Idoia Biurrun1, Ulrich Deil4, Kamal Shaltout5, Manfred Finckh6, Xavier Font 7, Javier Loidi1 1 Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, 48080, Spain 2 Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, 90128, Italy 3 Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch 6150, Perth, Australia; Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa 4 Department of Geobotany, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg i. Br., Germany 5 Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt 6 Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution of Plants, Institute for Plant Science and Microbiology, University of Hamburg, 22609, Hamburg, Germany 7Plant Biodiversity Resource Centre, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi: 10.1111/avsc.12456 This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved ORCID Corrado Marcenò: 0000-0003-4361-5200 Riccardo Guarino: 0000-0003-0106-9416 Ladislav Mucina: 0000-0003-0317-8886 Idoia Biurrun: 0000-0002-1454-0433 Manfred Finckh: 0000-0003-2186-0854 Xavier Font: 0000-0002-7253-8905 Javier Loidi: 0000-0003-3163-2409 Correspondence Corrado Marcenò, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, 48080, Spain Email: [email protected] Funding information CM, IB and JL were funded by the Basque Government (IT936-16).