Redalyc.Paleoseismic Analysis of the San Vicente Segment of the El
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Review of Local and Global Impacts of Volcanic Eruptions and Disaster Management Practices: the Indonesian Example
geosciences Review Review of Local and Global Impacts of Volcanic Eruptions and Disaster Management Practices: The Indonesian Example Mukhamad N. Malawani 1,2, Franck Lavigne 1,3,* , Christopher Gomez 2,4 , Bachtiar W. Mutaqin 2 and Danang S. Hadmoko 2 1 Laboratoire de Géographie Physique, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, UMR 8591, 92195 Meudon, France; [email protected] 2 Disaster and Risk Management Research Group, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia; [email protected] (C.G.); [email protected] (B.W.M.); [email protected] (D.S.H.) 3 Institut Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France 4 Laboratory of Sediment Hazards and Disaster Risk, Kobe University, Kobe City 658-0022, Japan * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: This paper discusses the relations between the impacts of volcanic eruptions at multiple- scales and the related-issues of disaster-risk reduction (DRR). The review is structured around local and global impacts of volcanic eruptions, which have not been widely discussed in the literature, in terms of DRR issues. We classify the impacts at local scale on four different geographical features: impacts on the drainage system, on the structural morphology, on the water bodies, and the impact Citation: Malawani, M.N.; on societies and the environment. It has been demonstrated that information on local impacts can Lavigne, F.; Gomez, C.; be integrated into four phases of the DRR, i.e., monitoring, mapping, emergency, and recovery. In Mutaqin, B.W.; Hadmoko, D.S. contrast, information on the global impacts (e.g., global disruption on climate and air traffic) only fits Review of Local and Global Impacts the first DRR phase. -
Supply for H Cement
REQUEST OF PROPOSAL FOR EXPRESSION OF INTEREST – SUPPLY OF CLASS H CEMENT. Introduction LaGEO S.A. de C.V. (LAGEO), a power production company of El Salvador, is in the final stages of negotiating a loan with the World Bank (P170089 – financial identifier of the project within the World Bank) to increase the generation of electrical energy based on local geothermal resources. The scope of the project consists of the construction and commissioning of two condensing geothermal plants, one to be installed in the Chinameca geothermal field in eastern El Salvador with a generation capacity of 25 MW and the other to be placed in the San Vicente geothermal field in central El Salvador with a generation capacity of 10 MW. A vital component of these projects is drilling additional geothermal wells, which require the supply of Class H cement supply. This expression of interest request aims to understand the market for the specific requirement for the supply of Class H cement for a total of nine (9) wells in the Chinameca and San Vicente geothermal fields. Likewise, establish communication with interested companies, who will subsequently be informed about the tender process and invited to participate in it. Project Description Chinameca Geothermal Field The Chinameca geothermal field is located 130 km east of San Salvador, the capital city of El Salvador, in the department of San Miguel, within the Pacayal-Limbo volcanic complex. The towns of Chinameca and Nueva Guadalupe, both located to the north of the geothermal field. The supply of Class H cement will be used to drill six (6) geothermal wells. -
The El Salvador Earthquakes of January and February 2001: Context, Characteristics and Implications for Seismic Risk
Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 22 (2002) 389–418 www.elsevier.com/locate/soildyn The El Salvador earthquakes of January and February 2001: context, characteristics and implications for seismic risk J.J. Bommera,*, M.B. Benitob, M. Ciudad-Realc, A. Lemoined, M.A. Lo´pez-Menjı´vare, R. Madariagad, J. Mankelowf,P.Me´ndez de Hasbung, W. Murphyh, M. Nieto-Lovoe, C.E. Rodrı´guez-Pinedai, H. Rosaj aDepartment of Civil Engineering, Imperial College, London SW7 2BU, UK bUniversidad Polite´cnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain cKinemetrics, 222 Vista Avenue, Pasadena, CA 91107, USA dEcole Normale Supe´rieure, Paris, France eEscuela de Ingenierı´a Civil, Universidad de El Salvador, San Salvador, El Salvador fBritish Geological Survey, Keyworth, UK gDpto. Meca´nica Estructural, Universidad Centroamericana “Jose´ Simeo´n Can˜as”, San Salvador, El Salvador hSchool of Earth Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK iFacultad de Ingenierı´a, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Santafe´ de Bogota´, Colombia jFundacio´n PRISMA, San Salvador, El Salvador Accepted 16 March 2002 Abstract The small Central American republic of El Salvador has experienced, on average, one destructive earthquake per decade during the last hundred years. The latest events occurred on 13 January and 13 February 2001, with magnitudes Mw 7.7 and 6.6, respectively. The two events, which were of different tectonic origin, follow the patterns of the seismicity of the region although neither event has a known precedent in the earthquake catalogue in terms of size and location. The earthquakes caused damage to thousands of traditionally built houses and triggered hundreds of landslides, which were the main causes of fatalities. -
Indicators of Volcanism in Ice Cores
Indicators of volcanism in ice cores Master thesis Kasper Holst Lund mjb639 July, 2018 [14] Center for Ice and Climate Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Supervisors: Paul Travis Vallelonga Helle Astrid Kjær Abstract The work done in this project has been to optimize existing continuous flow analysis 2− + (CFA) techniques used for measurements of sulphate (SO4 ) and acidity (H ). The optimized techniques have been tested on six short firn cores drilled during a 456 km long traverse from the NEEM drilling site to the EGRIP drilling site and on the first 350 metres of the EGRIP ice core. The measured records have been used to determine spatial variability between the cores and to investigate the volcanic signals found in the ice cores. The sulphate technique developed by Röthlisberger et al. (2000) was optimized by exchanging the cation exchange column (CEC) to another type of CEC. This was done to try and reduce the flow problems created by the CEC. The chosen CEC was Bio-Rads Bio-ScaleTM Mini UNOsphere S Cartridge, this had no flow problems in conditions with low dust concentrations while it did show a slight drift with high dust concentrations. The acidity technique developed by Kjær et al. (2016) was optimized by exchange the absorption cell from a 2 cm z-cell to a 1 cm cuvette, this was done to lower the risk of air bubbles getting stuck in the cell. The cuvette handled air bubble a lot better and no problems with air bubbles getting stuck was encountered. The cuvette also improved the response time from 45 seconds to 36 seconds but the sensitivity of the technique was halved due to the lower path length. -
Mapping Susceptibility to Debris Flows Triggered by Tropical Storms: a Case Study of the San Vicente Volcano Area (El Salvador, CA)
Article Mapping Susceptibility to Debris Flows Triggered by Tropical Storms: A Case Study of the San Vicente Volcano Area (El Salvador, CA) Claudio Mercurio 1 , Chiara Martinello 1, Edoardo Rotigliano 1,* , Abel Alexei Argueta-Platero 2, Mario Ernesto Reyes-Martínez 3, Jacqueline Yamileth Rivera-Ayala 3 and Christian Conoscenti 1 1 Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare (DiSTeM), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 22, 90123 Palermo, Italy; [email protected] (C.M.); [email protected] (C.M.); [email protected] (C.C.) 2 Escuela de Posgrado y Educación Continua, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, University of El Salvador, Final de Av. Mártires y Héroes del 30 julio, 1101 San Salvador, El Salvador; [email protected] 3 Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (MARN), Calle Las Mercedes, 1101 San Salvador, El Salvador; [email protected] (M.E.R.-M.); [email protected] (J.Y.R.-A.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: In this study, an inventory of storm-triggered debris flows performed in the area of the San Vicente volcano (El Salvador, CA) was used to calibrate predictive models and prepare a landslide susceptibility map. The storm event struck the area in November 2009 as the result of the simultane- ous action of low-pressure system 96E and Hurricane Ida. Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) was employed to model the relationships between a set of environmental variables and the locations of the debris flows. Validation of the models was performed by splitting 100 random samples of event and non-event 10 m pixels into training and test subsets. -
02-D-ROTOLO/An Introduction
Revista Geológica de América Central, 21: 25-36, 1998 AN INTRODUCTION TO SAN VICENTE (CHICHONTEPEC) VOLCANO, EL SALVADOR Rotolo S.G.*1, Aiuppa A.1, Pullinger C. R.2,Parello F.1, Tenorio-Mejia J.3 1) Dipartimento di Chimica e Fisica della Terra (C.F.T.A.), Via Archirafi 36, 90123 Palermo, ITALY 2) Department of Geological Engineering and Sciences, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, Michigan 49931, U.S.A. 3) Comision Ejecutiva Hidroeléctrica del Rio Lempa (CEL), 49 Avenida Norte, San Salvador, El Salvador * Corresponding Author; e-mail: [email protected] (Recibido 30/3/1998; Aceptado 29/5/1998) ABSTRACT: San Vicente is a composite volcano whose oldest volcanic events (2.2 Ma) are recorded in the western sector, where the remnants of the older La Carbonera edifice outcrop. This volcanic center, which produced mildly tholeiitic to transitional lavas, collapsed during a plinian eruption, giving rise to the formation of a partially preserved caldera (La Carbonera caldera). The renewal of volcanic activity started with clearly calc-alkaline lavas, mostly two- pyroxene andesites, that built up the San Vicente volcanic edifice. Crystal fractionation had primary control on magma evolution. The event that triggered the caldera forming plinian eruption is still uncertain; we have some textural evidences of mixing/mingling with more mafic magmas, but this process seems to be delimited to few samples. A major role could have been played by the tectonic instability related to the first stages of central graben opening. RESUMEN: Durante 1993 un equipo de investigadores italianos y salvadoreños realizó investigaciones en el volcán de San Vicente, El Salvador, con el objetivo de definir la evolución petrológica y volcánica de dicho centro volcánico. -
Cementing Services for Geothermal Wells
REQUEST OF PROPOSAL FOR EXPRESSION OF INTEREST – CEMENTING SERVICE Introduction LaGEO S.A. de C.V. (LAGEO) a power production company of El Salvador is in the final stages of negotiating a loan with the World Bank (P170089 – financial identifier of the project within the World Bank) to increase the generation of electrical energy based on the geothermal resources available in the country. The scope of the project consists of the construction and commissioning of two condensing geothermal plants, one to be installed in the Chinameca geothermal field in eastern El Salvador with a generation capacity of 25 MW and the other to be placed in the San Vicente geothermal field in central El Salvador with a generation capacity of 10 MW. As part of the overall project, additional geothermal wells will be drilled that require cementing services. The objective of this expression of interest request is to understand the market for the specific requirement of cementing service for total of nine (9) wells in the Chinameca and San Vicente geothermal fields. Likewise, establish communication with interested companies, who will subsequently be informed about the tender process and invited to participate in it. Project Description Chinameca Geothermal Field The Chinameca geothermal field is located 130 km east of San Salvador, the capital city of El Salvador, in the department of San Miguel, within the Pacayal-Limbo volcanic complex. The towns of Chinameca and Nueva Guadalupe are located to the north of the geothermal field. The Chinameca geothermal field development project considers the generation of electrical energy, by means of the installation of a 25 MW simple condensation Flashing cycle generation unit. -
Inter-American Foundation
2005 Year in Review Inte r -American Foundation -American ContentsBoard of Directors . 4 Foundation Staff . 6 Message from the Chair . 8 President’s Report . 10 Financial and Statistical Information . 12 Country Reports Argentina . 14 Bolivia . 16 Brazil . 18 Colombia . 20 Chile . 20 Dominican Republic . 22 Ecuador . 24 El Salvador . 26 Haiti . 28 Honduras . 28 Latin American Regional . 30 Mexico . 32 Nicaragua . 34 Panama . 36 Peru . 38 Uruguay . 40 Venezuela . 42 RedEAmérica Program . 44 Office of Evaluation . 46 Cover: Weaving by Asociación de Artesanos Andinos of Bolivia. For more on the organization and additional photos of it’s work, see pages 7, 16 and 17. (Photo: Rebecca White) Dissemination . 48 2005 in Review Inter–AmericanOctober 1, 2004 to September 30, 2005 Foundation Publication Editor: Paula Durbin Translation Supervisor: Darío Elías Photo Editor: Mark Caicedo Design and Printing: United States Government Printing Office SE A N S P R A GUE Inter-American Foundation 2005 in Review he Inter-American Foundation (IAF), an independent foreign assistance agency of the United States government, provides grants for grassroots development in Latin America and the Caribbean . Created by Congress Tin 1969, the IAF responds to self-help development projects proposed by grassroots groups and the organizations that support them . It also encourages partnerships among community organizations, businesses and local government directed at improving the quality of life for poor people and strengthening democratic practices . To contribute to a better understanding of the development process, the IAF shares its experiences and the lessons it has learned . The Inter-American Foundation is governed by a nine-person board of directors appointed by the president of the United States and confirmed by the U .S . -
A New Look at the Books of Revelation & Daniel End-Time
A New Look at the Books of Revelation & Daniel End-Time Prophecies Part 9 Seals 6-7 Trumpets 1-4 The Fall of Rome & Global Catastrophe Introduction 3 Overview of the Seal and Trumpet Prophecies 4 Fulfillment of the Seal Prophecies 4 Fulfillment of the Trumpet Prophecies 5 Overview of the Sixth Seal of Revelation 6 Sixth Seal – Earthquakes, Celestial Signs and Events 6 In-Depth Study of the Sixth Seal of Revelation 7 “There Was a Great Earthquake” – 365 Crete Earthquake 7 Constantinople Earthquakes 10 526 Antioch Earthquake 12 Earthquake “Storm” in the Mediterranean World 14 “Every Mountain and Island Were Moved out of Their Places” 16 Sixth Seal – Celestial Signs in the Sun, Moon, and Stars 18 The Sun and Moon “Serve as Signs” 18 “The Sun Became Black” – Total Solar Eclipse 19 The Roman Solar Eclipse of 418 22 The Assyrian Solar Eclipse of 763 BC 29 “The Whole Moon Became Like Blood” – Blood-Red Total Lunar Eclipse 32 The Roman Lunar Eclipse of 455 34 “Stars of the Sky Fell to the Earth” – Intense Meteoric and Cometary Impact Activity 37 “The Sky Was Split Apart” – Intense Meteor Showers 40 Catastrophic Impacts by Large Meteors 42 1 The Seventh Seal of Revelation – Preparation for the Seven Trumpets 43 Overview of Trumpets 1-4 44 First Trumpet – Cometary Debris Impacting Earth 44 Second Trumpet – Catastrophic Volcanic Eruption of Krakatoa in 535 45 Third Trumpet – The “Great Star” Describes a Comet 45 Fourth Trumpet – Light of Sun, Moon, and Stars Dimmed by Volcanic & Cometary Debris 46 In-Depth Study of Trumpets 1-4 46 First Trumpet -
Radiocarbon and Geologic Evidence Reveal Ilopango Volcano As Source of the Colossal ‘Mystery’ Eruption of 539/40 CE
Quaternary Science Reviews xxx (xxxx) xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Quaternary Science Reviews journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/quascirev Radiocarbon and geologic evidence reveal Ilopango volcano as source of the colossal ‘mystery’ eruption of 539/40 CE * Robert A. Dull a, b, , John R. Southon c, Steffen Kutterolf d, Kevin J. Anchukaitis e, Armin Freundt d, David B. Wahl f, g, Payson Sheets h, Paul Amaroli i, Walter Hernandez j, Michael C. Wiemann k, Clive Oppenheimer l a Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, California Lutheran University, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91360, USA b Environmental Science Institute, University of Texas, Austin, TX, 78712, USA c Department of Earth System Science, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA d GEOMAR, Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research, Wischhofstr. 1-3, D-24148, Kiel, Germany e School of Geography and Development and Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA f United States Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA g Department of Geography, University of California at Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA h Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA i Fundacion Nacional de Arqueología de El Salvador, FUNDAR, San Salvador, El Salvador j Retired from Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales, San Salvador, El Salvador k United States Department of Agriculture Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI, 53726, USA l Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place, Cambridge, CB2 3EN, UK article info abstract Article history: Ilopango volcano (El Salvador) erupted violently during the Maya Classic Period (250e900 CE) in a Received 24 February 2019 densely-populated and intensively-cultivated region of the southern Maya realm, causing regional Received in revised form abandonment of an area covering more than 20,000 km2. -
USGS Open-File Report 2009-1133, V. 1.2, Table 3
Table 3. (following pages). Spreadsheet of volcanoes of the world with eruption type assignments for each volcano. [Columns are as follows: A, Catalog of Active Volcanoes of the World (CAVW) volcano identification number; E, volcano name; F, country in which the volcano resides; H, volcano latitude; I, position north or south of the equator (N, north, S, south); K, volcano longitude; L, position east or west of the Greenwich Meridian (E, east, W, west); M, volcano elevation in meters above mean sea level; N, volcano type as defined in the Smithsonian database (Siebert and Simkin, 2002-9); P, eruption type for eruption source parameter assignment, as described in this document. An Excel spreadsheet of this table accompanies this document.] Volcanoes of the World with ESP, v 1.2.xls AE FHIKLMNP 1 NUMBER NAME LOCATION LATITUDE NS LONGITUDE EW ELEV TYPE ERUPTION TYPE 2 0100-01- West Eifel Volc Field Germany 50.17 N 6.85 E 600 Maars S0 3 0100-02- Chaîne des Puys France 45.775 N 2.97 E 1464 Cinder cones M0 4 0100-03- Olot Volc Field Spain 42.17 N 2.53 E 893 Pyroclastic cones M0 5 0100-04- Calatrava Volc Field Spain 38.87 N 4.02 W 1117 Pyroclastic cones M0 6 0101-001 Larderello Italy 43.25 N 10.87 E 500 Explosion craters S0 7 0101-003 Vulsini Italy 42.60 N 11.93 E 800 Caldera S0 8 0101-004 Alban Hills Italy 41.73 N 12.70 E 949 Caldera S0 9 0101-01= Campi Flegrei Italy 40.827 N 14.139 E 458 Caldera S0 10 0101-02= Vesuvius Italy 40.821 N 14.426 E 1281 Somma volcano S2 11 0101-03= Ischia Italy 40.73 N 13.897 E 789 Complex volcano S0 12 0101-041 -
Ff 653 July 65 1
4 GPO CFST ff 653 July 65 1 CALDERAS 1 I CALDERAS Howel Williams Table of Contents Page Terminology .................................................... 1 Classification and origin of calderas .......................... 2 A preferred classification ..................................... 5 Calderas of Krakatoa type ...................................... 7 Krakatoa .................................................. 9 Crater Lake. Oregon ....................................... 10 Shikotsu caldera. Hokkaido ................................ 12 Towada caldera. Honsyu .................................... 13 Santorin caldera. Greece .................................. 13 Deception Island caldera. South Shetland Islands .......... 16 Coatepeque caldera. El Salvador ........................... 18 Katmai type .................................................... 18 Valles type .................................................... 21 Valles caldera. New Mexico ................................ 22 Creede caldera. Colorado .................................. 24 Timber Mountain caldera. Nevada ........................... 26 Calderas associated with effusive eruptions of basaltic magma .. 28 Masaya type .................................................... 28 Hawaiian type .................................................. 30 Galapagos type ................................................. 33 Calderas associated with mixed eruptions from ring fractures ... 35 Glencoe type ................................................... 35 ii e Page Glencoe .......................................................