Lewis County
Comprehensive
Plan 2009 k / -S-IS y/ii2 f 01 1 ¥rsrst"-^i^fM
lif'f^°y^.^r%Sl f L j—j--'1' TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION...... -...... 3
2. POPULATION...,...... -...... ^
3. SCHOOL FACIUTIES...... 11
4. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT...... ,...... ^
5. LANDUSE...... 22
—"FUTURE LAND USE MAP...... 28
6. NATURAL RESOURCES...... 29
7. HAZARDOUS AREAS OR EVENTS...... 31
8. PUBLIC SERVICES, FACILITIES, AND UTILITIES...... ,...... ^
9. PUBLIC HEALTH AND SAFETY....«...... «...... «...... 43
10. QUASI-PUBUCFACILITIES...... 45
11. TRANSPORTATION...... 49
-GENERAL HIGHWAY MAP...... «...... «....«.«...... «54
12. RECRCREATIONANDTOUHISM...... 55
13. SPECIAL AREAS OR SITES«.»...... «..»....»....59
14. HOUS1NG...«...... «...... «..«....««...... 61
^
'2:
17. TRiBALRElATIONS...... ».»»....»«.»...»...... «...... «.....66
18. IMPLEMENTATION...... ,....^? 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 What is Community Planning? Long before the first birthday of the United States in 1776, citizens of small settlements along the Atlantic coast found a need for community planning. In order that their communities should be safe, healthy, comfortable places to live, and for the well-being of all citizens, they designated areas for grazing, establishing churches, schools, and meeting houses, and suggested feasible alternatives for uses of land that would not prove dangerous to life and health. Among the earliest measures of community planning was the assignment of certain areas away from the village centers for such uses as storing gun powder and tannmg leather; areas we designate today for industrial uses.
Planning is not a new concept to our country. The logical tackling of community problems still exist today, but in a very complex setting. Planning is the development of events m the most logical order. As all Lewis County farmers know, rotating crops, fertilizing the soil, irrigating, seasonal planting, protectmg crops, and harvesting are all forms of planning. There are certain times of the year to plant certain crops In certain areas. No planning means no harvest.
County planning uses the same principles as those used to operate a successful farm or nearly every other aspect of human endeavor. People generally try to conduct their activities in a logical way, and they "plan" so that their lives are not dictated by events, but rather events are shaped by their desires. Planning serves the identical purpose for counties and is really just the practice of using common sense for tackling county problems. Governor Cecil D. Andrus once stated, in an open letter to all Idahoans, Idaho is one of the fastest growing states m the nation. With such steady but rapid growth come increasingly complex changes which, if not guided and properly planned for, can become a force destmctive to the values we cherish and the quality of life we enjoy." The former Governor's thoughts are precisely the objectives of the Lewis County Comprehensive Plan. The plan will help legally protect our land and mdividual rights, retain the good qualities we currently share in the county, and strive to assist those areas in which we need improvement. Every citizen, whether his motives stem from personal economic benefit or from simple community pride, has a stake in orderly development and planned growth of his community. Growth devoid of planning leads to a number of problems which, when combined, result m a grotesque and disordered community. Inadequate planning for roads, drainage, and recreation facilities lead to the necessity of rebuilding these facilities In a few years at great cost to the taxpayers. The solution to these and the numerous other problems resulting from poor planning lies m a program of conscientious local government and citizen planning that looks realistically into the future. 1.2 What is a County Comprehensive Plan? County planning is much the same as planning the construction of a house. Through the preparation of a Comprehensive Plan, local residents are able to give some direction to the development ("building") of their community.
The Comprehensive Plan is a public document adopted as a resolution by the local government. A resolution means that the plan is not a law or ordinance. The plan otdy contains suggestions and guidelines for the future. The plan then serves as a policy guide to decisions about the physical, social, and economic development of the county. The main objective of the Comprehensive Plan is that it tells the elected officials the direction the citizens want them to take regarding the future of their county. The Comprehensive Plan, in a booklet form, will show how residents feel about significant subjects that affect their county.
The plan will identify any problems or opportunities the county may have, and suggest ways to correct the problems and capitalize upon the opportunities.
Besides being comprehensive, the plan is general and long-range. "General" means that the plan summarizes the citizens' ideas, but does not include detailed solutions to the county's problems. "Long-range" means that the plan not only looks at the present issues of the community, but also the prospective problems and possibilities 10 or more years in the future. The Comprehensive Plan is the guideline for those features citizens want and do not want m thek county in the future. Following this guideline will add a higher degree of certainty that the county will be a safe, pleasant place to live m years to come. The plan incorporates the many different opmions held by the area's residents and combines these feelings into a guide that serves the best interest of the total community. 1.3 How is the Comprehensive Plan Used? On a day-to-day basis, the Comprehensive Plan is used by the county s elected officials to guide their decisions concerning development and changes within the county, based on the resident's desires. As previously stated, the plan suggests ways and alternatives to make the county a better place to live. An example of how the plan may work in one particular case 1s as follows: The residents of the county express the need for the county to be "cleaned up." This fact is reported in the Comprehensive Plan and alternatives and suggestions are then expressed m the plan to solve this particular problem. This is all the Comprehensive Plan can do in this case " - suggest alternatives - - and it is up to the county elected officials to decide how to follow through with the alternatives presented. The Comprehensive Plan has an inherent flexibility, which is responsible to the changing needs and desires of the people. This flexibility is characterized in two ways:
• The statements in the plan are, in themselves, general enough to allow alternatives when applied to actual development; and
• The plan Itself is designed to be revised as situations undergo great changes within the county. A primary feature of Comprehensive Planning is that it is an on-going process. If a plan, once completed, is filed away to gather dust on a shelf, it will not reflect the changing attitudes and needs of the county residents several years m the future. As the community grows m size or new interests come into the county, the plan must be updated regularly to deal with these changes and new ideas. 1-4 What are the Roles of the Board of County Commissioners, Planning Commission, and Residents in the Planning Process? The County Commissioners du'ect all matters dealing with planning, zoning, future development, etc., to the Plamung & Zoning Commission (P&Z Commission) for evaluation and action. The members of the P&Z Commission are volunteers appointed by the County Commissioners. The P&Z Commission members are citizens truly concerned about the future of their county and share the same interest and concerns as their neighbors in Lewis County. The residents' role m the planning process is primarily to become mvolved and provide constructive input in the decisions made about their county's future. The P&Z Commission anxiously awaits citizen Input and assistance on planning matters. The P&Z Commission acts only as public servants and presents the citizens' viewpoints in the best and most logical order so their desires become realities.
As one can tell, the whole plannmg process is geared toward the citizens' desires for their county. We live in a democratic society and the Comprehensive Plan is a dkect output from our democratic philosophies. The Comprehensive Plan gives the citizens of a community the power to control their own destinies, accept growth on their own terms, and plan a future for their community in relationship to what they want. 1.5 In summary the Comprehensive Plan is: • a booklet stating the desires of the residents and ways m which to make these desires, realities;
• truly comprehensive because it covers all topics or elements of commmiity concern; e.g., recreation, transportation, public services, etc.;
• general because it summarizes the goals of the people, but does not include detailed solutions or alternatives to each of the community's problem areas;
• long-range because it not only looks at the present issues of the community, but also the prospective problems and possibilities 10 years in the future;
• a means of protecting the county from haphazard growth which saves the taxpayers money in the future;
• only adopted as a resolution by the county and is not a law or ordinance;
• a policy guide to be used by present and future Commission members;
• flexible to the changing desires of the county residents and can be easily amended to reflect the citizens' new ideas. 2 POPULATION
The long-term population trend in Lewis County has been downward. Factors that have contributed to population decline include agricukural mechanization and modernization, and access to education and employment opportunities. Down from approximately 6,000 residents in 1920, the population estimate for 2005 is 3,600. Lewis County Is the 7 least populated county m the state. Shorter-term cycles since 1970 have seen a fluctuation in population. The table below shows trends since 1970 for the county and its communities.
1980 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 2000 2005 20071 Lewis County 4,119 3,516 3,577 3,611 3,757 3,855 3,748 3,600 3,581
Kamiah 1,478 1,154 1,170 1,178 1,222 1,252 1,160 1,120 1150
Craigmont 617 542 555 569 594 574 556 560 547
Nezperce 517 453 462 465 469 500 523 460 514
Winchester 343 262 273 266 292 309 308 310 308
Reubens 87 46 46 47 48 50 72 70 73
Unincorporated 1,077 1,059 1,071 1,086 1,132 1,170 1,129 1,080 989
Like most rural counties in Idaho, Lewis County lost substantial population over the 1980's with the statewide recession and subsequent out-migration of younger and workmg age people. While the population projections during the 1990's indicated an overall population recovery, the actual census count of 2000 showed that the population decline of Lewis County continued.
Lewis County information. Court House, Nezperce, Idaho The Census Bureau estimated a population growth of 0.5 percent for Lewis County between July 1, 2005, and July 1, 2006. The increase then ranked Lewis County 33rd out of Idaho's 44 counties in population growth.
Idaho Department of Labor. Labor Market Information Web site: lmi.idaho.gov. Population Growth % of County Growth % of County Population 1990-2000 2000
2.6% Kamiah 30.9%
6.0% Craigmont 14.8% 30.2% Nezperce 14.0% 19.8% Winchester 8.2% 11.2% Reubens 1.9% 30.2% Unincorporated 30.1% 100.0% Total 100.0%
The following chart shows growth scenarios for Lewis County from 1980 to 2020. The "high" estimate is the actual county growth rate of 1.7 percent per year from 1990-1995. The "low" projection is the annual average growth of the county from 1980-1995, at negative 0.3 percent. Finally, the "base" projection Is a 0.5 percent annual increase from Idaho County Light and Power Company's economic forecast.
Lewis County Population Forcast Source: Idaho's Transportation Trends
4200
c o High Estimate I 3800 f '3 Median Estimate & 3600 o I k Low Estimate a. 3400 3200 3000 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
Year AGE DISTRUBUTION 1980- 1990- Age Group 1980 1990 2000 1990 2000 0-4 379 260 180 -31.4% -30.8% 5-9 316 272 276 -13.9% 1.5%
10-14 316 309 305 -2.2% -1.3% 15-19 366 220 261 -39.9% 18.6% 20-24 280 139 127 -50.4% -8.6% 25-34 582 482 330 -17.2% "31.5% 35-44 468 465 561 -0.6% 20.6% 45-54 445 397 523 -10.8% 31.7% 55-59 214 181 235 -15.4% 29.8% 60-64 206 177 257 -14.1% 45.2% 65-74 342 359 360 5.0% 0.3% 75-84 184 194 249 5.4% 28.4% 85+ 40 61 84 52.5% 37.7% Total 4.138 3.516 3,748 -15.0% 6.6% Median Age 34.7 37.5 40.6
The change in age distribution over the 1980s shows declines m the 0 to 64 age brackets. This is evidence of out-migration of young families with children. During the 1990s the same trend continued in the 0 to 34 age group at a somewhat lower rate. At the same tune, there was a substantial mcrease m the 64 to 85+ population. As a result, the county's median age rose from 37.5 in 1990 to 40.6 in 2000. In summary, this age and population distribution shows that the County's population has decreased and grown older during the 1990s.
10 Race in 2000 Race County Craigmont Kamiah Nezperce Reubens Winchester Unincorporated White 3,456 540 1,031 477 70 292 1,046 Native American* 142 8 93 10 1 10 20 Black 11 0 3 7 0 0 1
Asian- Pacific 19 4 4 7 0 1 3 Hispanic 71 3 25 4 0 1 38 Other 49 1 4 18 1 4 20 Census Total 3,748 556 1,160 523 72 308 1,128
^Native Americans, primarily members of the Nez Perce Tribe, constitute the largest minority population in Lewis County. Most reside in the Kamiah area. 2.1 GOAL: To assure the county is prepared to handle population growth. In particular, to manage growth in the rural, unincorporated portions of the county. 3 SCHOOL FACILITIES
Lewis County has three school districts within its boundaries. These are: Nezperce School District #302, Kamiah School District #304 and Highland School District #305. The school complexes are located in Nezperce, Kamiah, and Craigmont, respectively.
11 School enrollment increased m the early 1990s. Smce 1996, the trend, generally, has gone in a downward direction.
84-85 1,116 90-91 1,111 91-92 1,120 92-93 1,197 93-94 1,202 94-95 1,206 95-96 1,254 96-97 1,194 97-98 1,126 98-99 1,102 99-00 1,094 00-01 1,044 01-02 1,006 02-03 1023 03-04 948 04-05 919 05-06 886 06-07 909 07-08 913
From 1996 to 2005, the districts saw a decrease of 268 children, a 22.4% decrease. There are two private schools in the area; ApostoUc Christian Training School (22 students in 2008) and Kamiah Bible Academy (17 students in 2005), and some students are home schooled. There are Headstart programs m Lewis County operated out of Craigmont and Kamiah. In addition, there are several small private daycare and pre-school services as well.
12 3.1 Highland School District The Highland School District #305 serves the western part of the county, including the cities of Craigmont, Reubens, and Wmchester. School enrollment has steadily decreased over the past several years:
84-85 307 90-91 312 91-92 310 92-93 313 93-94 329 94-95 331 95-96 330 96-97 295 97-98 266 98-99 266 99-00 257 00-01 241 01-02 232 02-03 244 03-04 219 04-05 223 05-06 214 06-07 210 07-08 200
From 1990 to 1995, the district saw a 6.1% mcrease. From 1996 to 2007, there was a loss of 130 students, a 39% decrease, while at the same time census records showed a stable population. The district predicts that enrollment will stay at much the same level unless there is additional family homes built in the area or commercial development, which would bring jobs to the area. The community of Winchester has the potential of increased
13 tourism due to its lake and surroundmg forests. There are no private schools in the area and a few students are home schooled.
The school buildmgs are m good condition. The District has embarked upon a regular maintenance schedule in an attempt to keep the facilities in operating condition. Both buildmgs are ADA accessible and are safe for continued use. There is enough land at the present site to carry out any new construction.
The district recently renovated the Gymnasium and is able to host area tournaments m the updated facility. The elementary playground was renovated at the same time. Current plans call for a renovated football field as well to assist the community in relocating the baseball field from the school to a community site. These expanded facilities will carry the high school into the future as far as sports capabilities.
A school sponsored kindergarten program has been m operation for a number of years. Students attend class half tune on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and alternate Fridays. A preschool Headstart program is located in a separate building. In addition to core classes, the High School offers band, Family Career Sciences, business, and shop classes. The district curriculum uses the state curriculum and standards as a guide for the local requirements. There are 2 semesters each year where students may earn a mmimum of 44 credits toward graduation.
Extracurricular athletics include football, volleyball, basketball, track, softball, and baseball. Activities offered are Drama, FCCLA, Honor Society, BPA, Science/Astronomy club. Knowledge Bowl, and an after school art program.
A private bus contractor serves the school district. The routes vary from year to year based on the number ofmral homes with children. All students outside of city limits are offered bus service if they wish.
The district has no bonded indebtedness. A maintenance and operations levy has been put before the voters every year with favorable results.
14 3.2 Kamiah School District The Kamiah School District #304 serves the eastern part of the county, the City of Kamiah, as well as students from western Idaho County.
84-85 636 90-91 630 91-92 638 92-93 657 93-94 672 94-95 659 95-96 692 96-97 674 97-98 636 98-99 613 99-00 619 00-01 595 01-02 573 02-03 593 03-04 541 04-05 528 05-06 520 06-07 546 07-08 571
From 1990 to 1995, the district saw a 4.4% increase. From 1995-2005 there was a loss of 164 students; a 24% decrease. Currently, the district has experienced an 8% enrollment increase that started during the 2006-2007 school year that grew to 571 students for the 2007-2008 school years.
In May of 1995, a 2.8 million dollar bond issue passed by 72 percent vote for a new Middle School - grades 5 through 8. The building was completed in June of 1997. This bond was refinanced in September 2004 for a savings of $165,681 over the remaining ten years of the bond. This bond will pay off in 2015.
The school district uses eight busses on seven transportation routes, covering 61,000 miles a year. These bus routes may change because of
15 enrollment decreases. The routes cover ninety percent of the district and provide transportation to an average of 160 students a day. The district provides safety bussing (i.e. bussing any child within one and one-half miles of the school who has to cross a barrier or other hazardous condition). The loss of state funding for safety bussmg will seriously hamper the district and the safety of children withm one and one-half miles from their school who may then. be required to walk. The district also pays in lieu of transportation fees to parents who have to transport their children to a bus stop or school (those that live further than one and one-half miles from a bus stop).
The Highway District and the Idaho Transportation Department (concemmg state Highways 12 and 162) have been cooperatively working with the school district to ensure the safety of the bus stops through advance signing and pavement markings. Areas of concern mclude poor sight distances and railroad crossings. The school district used prison inmate labor from North Idaho Correctional Institution and the Orofino Prison crews to paint school property. This is a savings to taxpayers and provides a positive work experience for the inmates.
16 3.3 Nezperce School District The Nezperce School District #302 serves the central part of the county, mcluding the City of Nezperce. School enrollment has steadily decreased over the past several years:
84-85 173 90-91 169 91-92 172 92-93 175 93-94 196 94-95 216 95-96 232 96-97 225 97-98 224 98-99 223 99-00 218 00-01 208 01-02 201 02-03 186 03-04 188 04-05 168 05-06 152 06-07 153 07-08 142
From 1990 to 1995, the district saw a 27.8% increase m students. From 1995-2005 there was a 22.2 % decrease. The district employs 18 teachers and the physical facilities consist of an elementary school, secondary school (also housing the district offices), gymnasium, agricultural classroom and shop, swimming pool and bus
17 garage. The buildings are in good condition, and have a regular maintenance schedule. The district has made it a goal to keep up with technology and has 127 computers in classrooms, labs, and offices throughout the district. It provides updated programming classes and access to the Internet. Other activities offered through the district include a sports program, Knowledge Bowl, FFA & FCCLA clubs, band and choir. It is a district goal to have every stident score at the proficiency level or higher on the state mandated examinations.
The district has $ 400,000 bonded indebtedness. It operates four bus routes to transport students into Nezperce. 3.4 Post Secondary Education Post secondary education is available to Lewis County residents through North Idaho College located in Coeur d'Alene, Lewis-Clark State College in Lewiston and the University of Idaho in Moscow. North Idaho College (NIC), founded in 1933^ is a comprehensive community college that serves Idaho's five northern counties. NIC offers a wide variety of college level credit, special mterest, and work force training courses. In2005 NIC had an enrolhnent of 4,369 students. Lewis-Clark State College (LCSC) was founded in 1893. In the fall of 2005, it had an enrolhnent of 3,451 students. LCSC offers five bachelor and associate degrees as well as nursing and vocational training. It has a Small Busmess Development Center and an Institute for Community Development. The Clearwater Valley Outreach Center of LCSC is located in the Kooskia Technology Center, 25 S. Main Street and serves the local area. The University of Idaho (UI) was founded in 1889. A university survey in 2005 indicated an enrollment of 12,824 students. A four-year institution, the UI offers more than 140 undergraduate degree programs, from agribusiness to virtual technology and design. UI awards Bachelors, Masters, Ph. D., Jurist Doctorate, and Specialists degrees. Certificates of completion are offered in 16 areas of study.
3.5 GOAL: • The quality of life m Lewis County is dependent upon the quality of education. The county is committed to maintaining and constantly supporting means to improve the quality of education.
18 3.6 OBJECTIVES: • Encourage the improvement of Basic Skills.
• Encourage participation of citizens on various school committees to advise the administration.
• To increase communication with the business community and to stay updated on their needs that can be met through education and training, scholarship and endowment funds. To provide vocational training to meet the needs of local businesses.
• Upgrade Public Facilities as necessary for safety and upkeep, including long-range facilities planning.
• Improve communications by encouraging participation at parenVteacher conferences, encouraging the involvement of school board, staff, and volunteers at meetings, projects, and events.
4 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Lewis County is located in north central Idaho, north of Grangeville and south of Lewiston. The area is high m agricultural use, but the largest employment sectors are manufacturing, government, and retail trade.
About 19% of Lewis County's residents commute to other locations for employment, including the City of Lewiston, and Idaho, Nezperce, and Clearwater Counties.
In May 2007, Idaho Commerce & Labor mformation shows that the number of workers with jobs in the state set a record for the third time in the previous four months, hitting 737,800. That was 4,300 more than in April and nearly 16,000 more than a year earlier. Employment in Lewis County has decreased from 1,948 in 1992 to 1,300 in 2006. Lewis County Per Capita Personal Income (PCPI) in 2005 was $27,922, which was under the state average of $28,478.
The National per capita income average in 2005 was $34, 471. Compared to the rest of the nation, the area demonstrates 81% of the national per capita
19 mcome average and 83% of the state average." Salaries contmue to remain lower than other states in the Pacific Northwest.
The county is experiencing many of the youth leaving the area m search of Jobs. The County and the communities within the county want to encourage more employment opportunities for the youth so they can make theu- homes in the county.
The local businesses serve the residents of the county in fillmg everyday commercial and service needs. This includes a wide gamut of retail and service establishments. Several agriculturally based busmesses are also located in Lewis County, meeting the needs of farmers and ranchers in the area.
In 2001, Lewis County had 122 businesses located within the county boundaries. Of these 26 were total retail businesses. This list does not include cottage industries that are home based in the county or the cities. This Is an increase of7J3% since 1980. The area is seeing an upswing m the recruitment of new businesses of all types.
Most of Lewis County's businesses are located in and around the incorporated cities of Nezperce, Kamiah, Winchester, and Craigmont. Recent establishment of the Areas of City Impact; areas designated outside the city limits for more urban-like and industrial development, indicates that some heavy agricultural uses, such as confmed ammal feedmg operations or CAFOs may be in conflict with these more urban zones and are more appropriate in other areas of the county. All of the Lewis County cities have participated in the Gem Communities process. This process lays out plans for each city in economic development and infrastructure improvements necessary to meet business, industry, and residential demands.
Outside economic resources include Clearwater Economic Development Association (CEDA), which operates a Revolving Loan Fund fmancmg program to provide gap financing for new and expanding businesses. In addition, CEDA has access to state and federal grants and loans to serve economic and community development
U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis
U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis
20 The Idaho Department of Commerce and Labor provides up to $2,000 per employee, for job skill training, through the Workforce Development Training Fund. Another resource available to Lewis County is the presence of higher education facilities near Lewis County. These include the University of Idaho located in Moscow, Lewis-Clark State College in Lewiston (Kamiah has an outreach office ofLCSC), and North Idaho College m Coeur d'Alene. These colleges provide training to meet labor force requirements as well as other more direct services, by conductmg surveys and studies m economic development. The University of Idaho provides a Small Business Development Program, which provides assistance to small businesses in start up and expansion- People may also take courses online via the Internet. The USDA Rural Development Program (formerly Farmers Home Administration) is another agency that has a high profile in the area. It provides loans, loan guarantees, and offers grants for home repairs, development of public facilities, and industrial development. Several bankmg mstitutions also participate m loaoiag funds for business development in the county. State agencies such as the Idaho Department of Commerce can offer technical and financial assistance to find and help locate businesses in Lewis County. These departments, in conjunction with CEDA and regional groups have developed the Idaho Northwest Passage Tourism Development Master Plan. This plan promotes Region 2 as a vacation, convention, and travel destination, focusing on four tourism areas:
1. Light Recreation (e.g., sightseeing) 2. Outdoor Recreation (e.g. hiking, hunting, rafting, etc.) 3. Heritage
4. Bcology/Environment This plan is discussed more fully in the Recreation and Tourism component of this plan.
4.1 GOAL: 1. To encourage economic development efforts that provide new businesses and industries that are beneficial for Lewis County citizens.
21 2. Work with the cities to utilize the Gem Communities process in the enhancement of Lewis County as a good place to do business.
OBJECTIVES: • To attract new and retain current businesses in Lewis County with a focus on light manufacturing, production, tourism and recreational industry, in order to create a better wage base for county residents.
• To improve available local resources, such as educational material and local contact points for businesses, to promote and attract new businesses, and to encourage agricultural alternatives and busmesses that support agncultwe.
• Utilize outside resources, such as the Department of Commerce, to assist in this effort.
• Encourage the development of a county-wide capital facilities plan. Upgrade Infrastructure as needed including supporting infrastructm'e improvement efforts within the cities such as water and sewer capacities.
• Promote aesthetics, through the development of standards, in the population centers of the county which service tourist and business needs.
• To plan economic growth that will be compatible with the rural way of life m Lewis County and avoid a more metropolitan setting. • Encourage policies that require the cost of growth to be paid by that growth and not by the current citizens.
• To encourage businesses that can provide a high level of compensation (pay) for the youth of the community.
• To participate in the Idaho Northwest Passage Tourism Development Master Plan.
5 LAND USE
Lewis County is located in north central Idaho, north of Grangeville and south of Lewiston. Over 95% of Lewis County is private land primarily used for agricultural, grazing, and timber.
22 The County has five incorporated communities, Nezperce, Kamiah, Craigmont, Reubens, and Winchester, which are home to approximately 70% of the county residents. Lewis County also has some significant sites relative to its history that are desirable for preservation. These are more fully addressed m the Special Sites and Recreation components of this plan. 5.1 Agricultural Land Use The preservation of historical and customary agricultural, range and forestry use is of utmost Importance to the citizens of Lewis County, who base a large portion of their economy on these uses. Agriculture is defined as the growing, raising or production of agricultural, horticultural, and viticultural crops and vegetable products of the soil, poultry and poultry products, livestock, field grams, seeds, hay, apiary, and dairy products, and the processing for commercial purposes of livestock or agricultural commodities. Agriculture shall also include forest lands, whether being harvested or not.
With the primary force of the economy derived from agriculture and agriculturally-related activities, maintaining viable tracts of prime agricultural, range and forest lands is a goal for local area leaders. This use is established to control indiscriminate and unplanned infiltration of urban development (non-agricultural and high density residential) on agricultural land in Lewis County. Such uses, if not planned properly, could have adverse impacts upon agricultural land, mcludmg problems with weed control, aesthetics, and traffic on rural roads.
The agdcultural land use is suitable for all types of agricultural, range and forest operations, single family homes, including manufactured homes, and any accessory buildings necessary for operation of the agricultural use. Residential development, under certain developmental conditions, to ensure clustering on less desu'able agricultural land might also be allowed after careful consideration of the impacts of such a development. Centralized water and sewer systems may be required for this type of development. Cottage industries or home occupations, are an historical and viable use of the land, and give many homeowners the ability to use the land to its best potential. These occupations shall not have a negative impact upon the agricultural use of the land, or surrounding properties. New developments must have approved access to a public road, It is the responsibility of the property owner developer to improve the road to Highway District and/or County standards.
23 All development m the Agricultural land use shall strive to protect aad preserve the scenic quality of the area. 5.2 Areas of City Impact Area of Impact agreements between the county and the cities has been developed through the ordinance process. The preservation of agricultural uses within the City Areas of Impact Is high priority. While agricultural uses surroundmg, larger communities tend to become non-economical, all of the Lewis County cities are still of the size and inclination to allow these related uses within the area of impact and around their borders. This use is also appropriate in rural lands with marginal suitability of agricultural production. This use allows for the mixture of larger agricultural parcels and smaller parcels proving for a rural, low density living atmosphere, These lands are considered to be m a changmg envu:onment where public facilities and services will be necessary before intensive urbanization should occur. Heavy agricultural uses however, such as livestock confinement operations (LCO's) should not be allowed in city impact areas. Minimum conditions for agricultural uses should be set to insure the health and safety of the citizens, and the preservation of the value and aesthetics of surrounding properties. 5.3 Residential Land Use Residential land use in Lewis County has been traditionally tied to agricultural uses. The purpose of this land use is to promote the development of residential neighborhoods to meet the demands of the population. The county has recognized the need for residential subdivisions m appropriate areas of the county where such development will have minimal impact upon agricultural uses and protect the surrounding environmental quality. Areas designated as residential are suitable for single family and low density multi-famUy (duplex) residential living, including manufactured homes meeting modem building requirements. Other uses allowed in this land use designation might mclude cottage industries or home occupations, which have minimal impact on the neighborhood. All residential uses shall meet Health District requirements for water and sewer systems. High density residential development will be required to have central water and sewer systems.
New developments must have access to a public street or road meeting standards for ingress and egress and emergency response. It is the
24 responsibility of the property owner/developer to miprove the street or road to the local Highway District and/or County standards. The developer/property owner shall also follow other design standards specified in the Subdivision Ordinance. 5.4 Civic Land Use Civic land use refers to those uses relating to citizen, citizenship or civil affairs or those relating to or involving the public and community and related activities. This land use is appropriate for public facilities, and private facilities serving public uses such as utilities and other related activities. 5.5 Commercial Land Use Commercial land use in Lewis County has traditionally been located along the state highways and in the cities, with the primary uses serving travelers through the area, serving the consumer needs of the residents, and serving agricultural needs. It is the desire of the citizens of Lewis County to continue such uses along or within the area of the highway corridors, but to cluster these endeavors throughout the county to avoid a "stdp" commercial type of development from occurring and to encourage further commercial development within the city limits. Commercial shall be defined as retail or wholesale establishments, or those that provide a service for a fee. Allowed uses shall be those that are highway related, such as gas stations, convenience stores, restaurants and lounges, grocery stores, motels and other related businesses. The land use designation shall also allow neighborhood related uses such as laundries and dry cleaners and other related businesses. Public and semi-public facilities compatible to surrounding uses shall be allowed.
New developments must have approved access to a public street or road. It is the responsibility of the property owner / developer to improve the street or road to Highway District aad/or county standards. Off street parkmg shall be adequate to meet the needs of the commercial use. Access to major county roads should be limited. Industrial uses shall be confined to the industrial zones within the county unless agriculturally related and approved for the agricultural land use area, No industrial use will be allowed in commercial areas. The developer/property owner shall also follow other design standards for public infrastructure.
25 5.6 Industrial It is the policy of the county to allow and encourage such development m the appropriate mdustrial zones. The majority of industrial uses shall be located within an Area of Impact where city services are more likely to be available. Exceptions to this might include mining, farm services, and the mitial processing of commodities, including grain elevators and other storage facilities. Industrial use shall include light mdustries, small manufacturing plants, processmg plants, and other related uses with aa agricultural emphasis that are compatible with the county's other uses.
New developments must have approved access to a public street or road. It is the responsibility of the property owner and/or the new developer to improve the new developments streets or roads to Highway District and/or county standards. Off street parking appropriate to the industrial use shall be required. Access to major county roads should be limited.
The developer/property owner shall also follow other design standards for public infrastructure.
The County will encourage the grouping of industrial uses m land developed as an industrial park. 5.7 Tribal Land A portion of the county is located within the historical boundaries of the Nez Perce Indian Reservation. 5.8 Other Land Uses The County may establish special land use categories to address unique characteristics of the land or environment. This shall include identifying public lands, floodplain areas, and areas of critical concern such as natural hazard areas, historical sites, geographic features, wildlife areas, and natural resource areas. These are discussed more fully in the Natural Resource, Recreation, Hazardous Areas, and Significant Sites elements of the plan. 5.9 Existing Uses It is recognized that certain uses existed prior to the establishment of this land use plan, which may not conform to the requirements of the plan. Such uses shall be allowed to continue to exist but will not be able to be expanded nor replaced if more than 75% of the use has been destroyed, or if such use has been discontinued for a period of more than sue months. All existmg lots, legally platted or lots of record, established in conformance with the County Subdivision Ordinance that are not of the proper sizes required by
26 this Plan and following ordinances shall be considered non-conforming and developable.
5.10 GOAL: Provide for a variety of compatible, long term uses of land.
5.11 OBJECTIVES • Continue the enforcement of the International Building Code 2000 to insure the quality of residential, commercial, and Industrial structures.
• Continue to only permit construction where an adequate source of water can be provided without hindering the supply of water to existing nearby structures.
• Residential and commercial densities will be based on the availability or improvements of public utilities and the capability of the land to support a given type of development.
• Residential, mdustrial, and commercial development will be encouraged within established areas where public services are more readily available.
• Encourage a variety of housing types including clustered and planned unit developments, where appropriate, which are compatible with the physical and scenic characteristics of the land.
• Clustered commercial development will be encouraged to avoid strip development. Commercial services for both tourists and county residents will be encouraged.
• Develop standards for access control and street standards, aesthetic considerations and the placement of signs within the county.
• Industrial development should be located in areas where such use will not detract from the natural qualities of the environment.
• Forge a mutually beneficial relationship between Lewis County and the Nez Perce Tribe.
• Update the land use and subdivision ordinances to include goals and objectives of the Comprehensive Plan.
27 D Residential, Commercial and Industrial Developments (City Impact Areas)
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^t* ^ F \}™~t S.i TT^S, —^^^ £t-i_^L^'~?—'^?~ I,. S——^~ L.lA^l^-t.Cf'ii3^ „ y - - . . |'|-".' 1 '.: ^•LL T A ,7 •- ^•\-r: („ 2-i.J T—3..L rii - -"•• ••4 • •— t - Future Land Use Map Lewis County Idaho 6 NATURAL RESOURCES 6.1 Physical Description Lewis County is located m north central Idaho. It Is bordered by three counties; Nezperce on the west and a portion of the north; Clearwater on the north, Idaho on fhe east and south. Lewis County's ranking by population is 33rd out of 44 counties. Based on area, it ranks forty-fu-st with 306,624 acres, or 479 square miles; 7,536 acres of the total acreage is federal land, 6,535 acres are state lands, and 292,553 acres are privately owned (1996). Lewis County occupies the northern half of the Camas Prairie. The deep canyons of the Clearwater and Sabnon Rivers, Lawyer and Mission Creeks and others, cut the county. Lewis County was officially established with Nezperce as the county seat on March 3, 1911, Other communities are Kamiah, Craigraont, Winchester, and Reubens. US Highway 95 is the only major highway connecting northern and southern Idaho. It serves Craigmont and Winchester with a business loop. US Highway 12 runs east and west connecting Lewiston with Missoula^ Montana. This highway follows the Lochsa and Clearwater Rivers and services the City of Kamiah. It is in good condition but speed is restricted by curves in several areas. State Highway 62 connects Craigmont with Nezperce. Russell Ridge Road/State Highway 7 connects Nezperce with Orofmo to the north and Grangeville to the south. Only the Lewis County portion of Russell Ridge Road/Highway 7 is paved. Two state highways, Highway 162 and Highway 64 connect Kamiah with Nezperce. 6.2 Soils Much of the soil m Lewis County was developed under grassland vegetation, although there are large areas of cleared forestland soils, A detailed soil survey has been conducted and should be used for general planning for dwelling locations, excavations, and road construction. A detailed on-site soils investigation may be required when developments are planned- Lewis County Work Force Trends, prepared by Doug Tweedy, Idaho Department of Labor. January 2008. 29 6.3 Climate The climate is influenced by maritime moisture from the Pacific Coast. Average annual precipitation Is 20.4 inches. Predpitation is uniformly distributed throughout the year. During the winter, most precipitation is derived from Pacific frontal storm systems. In the summer, convectional thunderstorm activity is the dominant precipitation producer. Summer temperatures are moderated by maritime moisture. Augusts average maximum temperature is 78.5 degrees F with a 20 percent chance of having a maximum temperature at 90 degrees F. Snowfall averages 8 to 10 inches in January. Winters are cool with January's average daily minimum at 20.4 degrees F with a 20 percent chance of having a minimum of -12 degrees F. Extreme temperatures are 96 degrees F in the summer and -28 degrees F m the winter. 6.4 Wildlife In the prairie areas and canyons throughout Lewis County are Hungarian and Chukar Partridges, California Quail, Mourning Doves, Ring-necked Pheasants, grouse, and wild turkeys. On the Clearwater River, Winchester Lake and on farm ponds in the area are ducks and geese, but seldom in huntable quantities. Bald Eagles, hawks, owls, and Osprey are found in the area. Many varieties of song birds take advantage of the county's climate and natural resources. Tree squirrels inhabit the forested areas and are often found living in the cities. Elk, bear, cougar, Whitetall and Mule Deer, and an occasional moose are the big game species found in the county. Other wildlife species are coyotes, foxes, bobcats, wolves, porcupines, and skunks. Even moles, shrew, and mice are abundant. Small Moutik Bass, Steelhead, Chlnook and Sockeye Salmon, and Rainbow Trout, are the most common fish species in the rivers. The Idaho Fish and Game Department, and the US Fish and Wildlife Service, provides a list of "Rare Elements" which includes rare birds, animals and plant life by county. This list includes endangered or rare species that have been sighted or reported In Lewis County. 6-5 Prime Farmland Prime farmland is defined by the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), as land that has the best combination of physical and chemical 6 NRCS office Nezperce, ID 30 characteristics for producing food, feed, fiber, forage, oilseed, and other agricultural crops with minimum inputs of fuel, fertilizer, pesticides, and labor, without intolerable soil erosion. There are approximately 175,000 Acres of cropland in Lewis County . Of this, 6.52%, or about 11,375 acres are considered prune farmland Sustaining natural resources and the quality of life that Lewis County residents now enjoy will require a delicate balance between economic development and land use compatibility. This includes continued access to private and public lands for outdoor recreation, including hunting and fishing, yet limiting loss of habitat for fish and wildlife. It includes the protection of private property rights while providing for fbe public good. In a 1996 citizen's survey, the public was not in favor of developing specific policies on wetland and wildlife protection, feeling there were state and federal regulations that addressed these issues. They did feel strongly about developing policies to protect agricultural and forest lands for the production of food, fiber, and materials. Finally, the respondents did feel the county should develop policies on the protection of life and property m areas subject to natural hazards and disasters, and policies designed to prevent pollution of air, soil, and water. 7 HAZARDOUS AREAS OR EVENTS 7.1 Floods Lewis County is bordered on the east by the Clearwater River. It normally rises to near flood stage each spring during the snow melt. Floods have been a serious and costly natural hazard affectmg Idaho, Floods damage roads, farmland, and stmctures, often dismpting lives and businesses. Simply put, flooding occurs when water leaves the river channels, lakes, ponds, and other confinements where we expect it to stay. Flood related disasters occur when fhat flooding water affects human property aad lives. An understanding of the role of weather, maoff, landscape, and human development in the floodplam is therefore the key to understanding and controlling flood-related disasters. Farm Service Agency (FSA) Nezperce, ID Lewis County , Idaho All Hazards Mitigation Plan Volume IL Nov. 30, 2004 31 There are homes and businesses (both industrial and commercial) located on the floodplains in Lewis County. Recognizing that developments located on a floodplain may pose a threat to human life, property, and to the environment, standards for building construction should be implemented. In addition, the businesses allowed to locate on a floodplain should be limited to those that demonstrably present no hazard to human life or safety or to the environment (downstream as well as on-slte). Lewis County has adopted the International Building Code 2000, its subsequent revisions, and a Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance. ZU FEMA The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has evaluated three flood prone areas within Lewis County: at Kamlah, Nezperce, and Craigmont As a result, in 1985, they published Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRM) for these areas that define flood zones as follows: Flood Zone A: Areas of 100-year flood. This is the magnitude of a flood having a one-percent chance ofbemg equal or exceeded in any given year. Flood Zone B: Areas between limits of the 100-year flood and 500-year flood. This is the magnitude of a flood having a 0.2 percent chance of being equal or exceeded in any given year. Natural flood events are grouped into three general categories: Riverine Flooding: a raise in the volume of a stream until that stream exceeds its normal channel and spills onto adjacent lands. Flash Flooding: results from high water velocity in a small area but may recede relatively quickly . Ice/Debris Jam Flooding: floating debris or ice accumulates at a natural or man-made obstruction and restricts the flow of water. 7.1.2 Kamiah FIRM Man The FIRM map for Kamiah shows that there are two distinct reaches in the floodplain along the Clearwater River; that which is upstream from the U.S. Hwy 12 Bridge, and that which Is downstream from the bridge. The 9 Ibid. 10 Ibid. Ibid. 32 Highway 12 Bridge has been rebuilt since the FIRM map was published, and, since it is unlikely that the new and old bridges have the same capacity to pass water through the bridge openings, the current map can only be used as a guide until a letter of map amendment has been published. For the most part, the Zone A floodplain, up-stream from the bridge, is contained within the remnant banks of the Clearwater River. In Lewis County, only Riverfront Park, the city maintenance yard, and area in the vicinity of Empire Mills in Kamiah, would be affected. Downstream from the bridge, the Zone A floodplam is, for the most part, contained within the remnant banks of the Clearwater River. In Lewis County, only areas near the City of Kamiah sewer lagoons and below the surface ofU.S. Hwy 12 would be affected. Zone B floodplain extends from a short distance downstream from the bridge, along a line that parallels and lies southwest of Railroad Street, then along base of the old river bank. Some industrial development would be affected in this area. The Clearwater River, although it has reached near flood levels in recent years, has not caused any significant damage. Lawyer Creek has been the scene of major flooding in the vicinity ofKamiah. The Corps of Engineers constructed a series of levees to control this flooding. Any deep gorge of canyon such as Lawyer Creek or Mission Creek could be expected to flash flood if subjected to a heavy summer thunderstorm or rapid melting of a heavy winter snow pack. The Kamiah panel for the FIRM map also contains floodplain Information for Lawyer Creek from the confluence of the Clearwater River, upstream for 1.6-miles. Flood Zones A and B shown on this map contain an extensive amount of existing resldentially developed area that, for the most part, lies within 1000-feet of the stream bed. However, since 1985 when the FIRM map was published, the U.S. Corps of Engmeers has completed a channelization and stabilization project on this section of Lawyer Creek that would alter the respective floodplains. Therefore, the current map can only be used as a guide until a letter of map amendment is published. 7.1.3 Nezperce Finn Map The FIRM map for Nezperce shows that an extensive Zone A floodplain exists along Long Hollow Creek beginning in the industrial area at the south of town where the grain elevators are located and extending to the north city limits where it includes the airport Also included within this floodplam is a large area of residential development that extends through the center of town 33 between Pine and Cedar Streets. However, since 1989 when the FIRM map was published, the U.S. Corps of Engineers has completed a channelization and stabilization project on this section of Long Hollow Creek that would alter the floodplain. Therefore, the current map can only be used as a guide until a letter of map amendment is published. 1.1.4 Craismont FIRM Map The FIRM map for Craigmont shows an area of Zone A floodplain that loops through the main business district along an un-named creek. 7.1.5 Mission Creek Mission Creek has experienced flood damage during flood conditions in recent years. Stream bank alterations and road and bridge improvements may be needed to protect structures and natural resources. 7.2 Water Containment Structures Lewis County has six earthen dams and range in height from six to 32 feet. Five are privately owned in Hazard Class 3 (would not affect life or property). One belongs to the Idaho Fish and Game Department and Is located at Winchester (Lapwal Lake). This one is m Hazard Class 1 because of known deficiencies, and should be considered hazardous to the populace m case of failure. 7.3 Storms Weather related damage to rural and urban property occurs almost annually. Weather systems during the summer months produce high wmds, heavy rains, and large damaging hail. The US Weather Service has been able to warn of the approach of these weather systems, but they can do little beyond this service. Damage to crops is sometimes covered by crop insurance through the US Department of Agriculture. The County Emergency Management Board often handles disasters mvolving the farming community without requiring other Federal assistance. Winter weather systems involving extreme hazards could significantly affect the entu'e county population. Weather related mcidents have caused damage to crops, property, and injuries. Hail and lightning has resulted in reported injuries. Average annual temperature for Lewis County is 46 degrees. Rainfall has varied from a low of 12.12 inches to a high of 32.74 inches. Total winter snowfall accumulations average 52 inches at Nezperce. 7-4 Severe Weather Events Winter weather systems cause road closures and power outages. High winds, hail, and lighting damage crops and property Personal injuries due to weather occur throughout the year. 34 Idaho has not had a significant number of severe storm related "Presidential Disaster Declarations" durmg the past 30 years. Most of the storms that affect Lewis County are on a lower scale and are not considered a "Disaster" because many less intense storms occur every year. Idaho, due to its complex landscape, will always have to deal with various winter conditions. People and communities have learned to adapt to the winter storms and deal with them as they come. In February 1996, there was a State Disaster declaration that effected Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater, Ehnore, Gem, Lewis, Nezperce and Shoshone counties. 7-5 Landslides Landslides, caused by rapid snowmelt and increased rainfall, have resulted in road closures m all areas of the county in recent years. The highest risk areas are located along U.S. Hwy 12 in the Clearwater River Canyon, US. Hwy 95 in the Lapwai Creek Canyon, and S. R. 64 above the "view point" near Kamiah. U.S. Hwy 12 presents the highest risk due to the high volume of traffic that it carries, and the fact that there is no practical alternate detour route. 7.6 Fires Lewis County land use has less than 20% of available land as forested, thus reducing the possibility of significant problems with forest fires. Most available acreage is used for pasture or crops. Very little (10%) is rangeland. Urban areas contain clusters of commercial buildmgs in central business districts, while most housing is composed of single family dwellings. There appears to be no unusual fire hazards present with the exception of those associated with grain elevators, which are located in or adjacent to most communities. Close association with this danger over extended periods of time causes complacency with regard to the potential of fire to these large structures. 7.6.1 Volunteer Fire Districts The incorporated cities of Winchester, Reubens, Craigmont, Nezperce, and Kamiah each have an organized volunteer fire department Each of the fire districts encompasses more territory than the city limits; generally about a five mile radius about the city. This leaves a vast rural area of the county beyond the protection of these fire districts. Z&2 Wild Fire In recent years, there has been several 200 acre or larger fires, most of which occurred on rangeland and timbered pasture lands. Idaho Department of 35 Lands, working closely with the US Forest Service, local fire districts, and the Nez Perce Tribe, are quick to respond to fires in residential areas. In 2004, Lewis County, under the auspices of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, adopted a Wildland-Urban Interface Wildland Five Mitigation Plan. This plan evaluated the wildland fire risk potential of the county, the fire fighting resources and capabilities of the various agencies, Includmg the volunteer fire departments, Idaho Department of Lands, Bureau of Land Management, and the U.8. Forest Service, and established a means of communication, budgeting and fundmg. In 2007, the Lewis County Commissioners and the Clearwater RC&D reconvened the Wildland Fire Mitigation Plan Committee to update the existing plan for Lewis County. 7.7 Earthquakes Lewis County aad other parts of north Idaho do not appear to be in an area of earthquake danger. Present construction methods used on residential housing do not protect these structures from the violence associated with moderate to severe earthquakes. Commercial buildings of recent design are more able to withstand the forces involved, but would also be severely damaged by moderate quakes of less severity than was experienced at Mackay and Challis in 1983. The International Building Code 2000, as adopted by Lewis County, requu-es structural earthquake protection for Zone D. 7.8 Volcanic Eruption Lewis County was spared the bulk of ash fallout from the last eruption of Mt. St. Helens. However, enough ash fell to cause concern for people with respiratory problems and the need for motorists to check and change air filters. Another eruption of the same magnitude would not be expected for another 100 plus years, which has been its previous pattern of activity. Other mountains m the Cascade Range could also become disruptive and change Lewis County's experience to one of more involvement, dependmg upon wind dkection and speed at the time of eruption. 7.9 Hazardous Materials The Idaho Hazardous Materials Response Plan defmes Hazardous materials as "an element, compound, or substance that may present a substantial threat to people, wildlife, or the environment if released. 12 December 28,2001 36 Hazardous materials referred to m this plan included products or wastes and may be further classified as chemical, biological, radiological, or explosive substances including petroleum products, radiation sources, radioactive wastes and hazardous wastes." While Lewis County is mainly rural in nature and not subject to heavy exposure to exotic hazardous materials on its major transportation routes, it does have in its midst a variety of agricultural chemicals which, if improperly handled may be extremely dangerous. A list of these substances includes herbicides, pesticides, gasoline, explosives, and chemical fertilizers. The City of Nezperce has three farm chemical companies, four grain elevators, a pellet plant, aad two crop dusting services. Kamiah is mamly involved in the lumber industry. Craigmont has a lumber products distributor, a fertilizer mixing plant, petroleum dealers, and grain elevators. Reubens has a grain elevator and a fertilizer mixing plant. US Highway 12 follows the Lochsa and Clearwater Rivers through scenic, mountainous terrain* It has gained notoriety for being a bad road due to frequent accidents. Gasoline tankers, grain trucks, and vehicles hauling nuclear wastes have overturned on this road. Rail traffic m Lewis County is very limited. The line from Lewiston to Kooskia along the Clearwater River, transports mostly wood products. The Environmental Protection Agency defmes the 366 SARA, Title III, chemicals as "extremely hazardous substances." 37 Fourteen agencies in Lewis County report possession of, or use of, SARA, Title III chemicals: Business Location / Office Ameri-Gas N. 20 Thenan St. Kooskia, ID 83539 Kamiah Mills, Inc. Hwy 12 & RR Street, Kamiah, ID 83536 Coleman Oil "610 9? Street, Nezperce, ID 83534 ICP, Inc 504 No Kid Road, Kamiah, ID 83536 McGregor, Co. 1899 Power Line Rd, Nezperce, JD 83543 Three Rivers Timber Woodland Road, Kanuah, ID 83536 Qwest Ill W. Main Street, Craigmont, ID 83523 Primeland 707 E, Hwy 95, Craigmont, ID 83523 Primeland 1st Avenue, Nezperce, ID 83543 Primeland P.O. Box 128, Reubens, ID 83548 Prmieland Glfford - Reubens, ID Qwest 604 Oak Street, Kamiah, ID 83536 Qwest 304 Maple Street, Nezperce, ID 83543 Primeland 15 E. Main Street, Craigmont, ID 83523 Although there are hazardous material fixed sites in Lewis County, it is the consensus that a far greater threat exists to the public and the environment of the county through the transport of hazardous materials over the highways. Further, the presence of a major railway through the county increases the 38 risk of a transportation hazardous materials incident. Vulnerable zones m conjunction with transportation routes have been considered in this analysis. Hazardous materials stored at the fixed facilities reported in this annex must be considered a potential hazard to the public; however, the identification of these chemicals and sites in no way implies anticipation of an actual release or inadequate safety measures at the facilities. Although every attempt has been made to locate and identify hazardous materials m the county, the possibility exists that other sites may, unknown to county officials, have hazardous materials on their premises. A re-evaluation of the fixed sites could result in a smaller estimated vulnerable zone if the following factors existed or occurred. Other potential man-made hazards in the county come from the following sources: • Underground storage tanks that have not been removed or meet the new federal requkements to prevent leakage/contamination into the groundwater. • Storage of grains and other agricultural products 8 PUBLIC SERVICES, FACILITIES, AND UTILITIES 8.1 Public Services iU.l CountyJloYemment The Lewis County Courthouse Is located on 510 Oak Street m the City of Nezperce. All county government offices, including the County Commissioners, Auditor, Assessor, Cooperative Extension System, District & Magistrate Court, Planning Department, Prosecuting Attorney, Sheriff, Treasurer, Weed Control Department, and Emergency Management are found in this building. • The Lewis County Courthouse is considered adequate m size and function for its purpose; however, there is no space available for future growth. There is a need for an attorney/client meeting room an interview room for abused children and domestic violence victims, and office space for the Weed Superintendent and the Emergency Management Coordinator. • The County Courthouse is handicap accessible. 39 8.2 Parks Described in the Recreation Component 8.3 Water Resources Underground water provides most of the water used for all purposes in Lewis County. The only exception is the City of Kamiah, which gets its water from the Clearwater River. There exist many claims on the system, which could affect Lewis County's current and future water supplies. The County should monitor the system carefully, anticipate impacts, and make plans to address future concerns. Developers are responsible for meeting the state health guidelines in the provision of domestic water supply. All cities provide potable water to their residents. 8.4 Sewer Systems County residents use individual septic systems approved by the Health District- Future development should meet all new requirements for such systems and be done in a density so that pollution of surrounding properties is not possible. Most cities have a central sewer system. 8.5 Libraries There are public libraries in the cities of Craigmont, Kamiah, Nezperce, and Winchester. These libraries are part of the Prairie-River Library District and all have access to the state library and regional libraries through the Valley Automated Library Network (ValNet) system. 8.6 Postal Service County residents receive postal service through rural route delivery, and at the post offices located in the cities of Craigmont, Kamiah, Nezperce, and Winchester, 40 8.7 Cemeteries The Nezperce/Russell Cemetery District, Reubens Cemetery District, Kamiah Cemetery District, local Historical Societies, and responsible individuals, maintain the sixteen (16) recognized cemeteries in Lewis County: 1. Central Ridge or Steele Cemetery Steele Townsite - Central Ridge Rd. 2. Cold Springs Cemetery - Old Reubens Rd. 3. Craigmont Cemetery - Westlake Rd. 4.Evergreen at Golden Ridge Cemetery - Old Highway 95 - near Winchester 5. Fletcher Cemetery Fletcher Townsite - Eastonan Rd. 6. Forest Cemetery - near Forest Townsite 7. Kamiah City Cemetery - at Kamiah 8. Second Presbyterian Church Cemetery (Tribal) - at Kamiah 9. Mohler Cemetery - Near Mohler Community Site 10. Morrow-Westlake Cemetery - between Morrowtown and Westlake Townsites 11. Mount Calvary - Nezperce Catholic Cemetery - west ofNezperce 12. Nezperce City Cemetery - south side ofNezperce 13. Pine City Cemetery - south ofReubens 14. Reubens City Cemetery - at Reubens 15. Russell Catholic Cemetery - Russell Townsite, north ofNezperce 16. Woodlawn or Old Winchester Cemetery" Woodlawn Rd. In addition to the cemeteries, there are at least sixteen (16) separate identifiable individual grave sites or burial grounds in Lewis County. 8.8 Schools The public school system and its needs are addressed in the Schools Component, There are two private schools, Kamiah Bible School and the Apostollc Christian Training Center, in Lewis County. There are three head start programs. Nez Perce Tribal Head Start in Kamiah and the Lewis/Clark Early Childhood Prograjtn located in Kamiah and Craigmont In addition, some families school their children at home. 41 8.9 Senior Centers There are Senior Centers in the cities of Kamiah, Nezperce and Winchester. The senior citizens of Craigmont and Reubens area share the facility in Winchester. 8.10 Road and Bridge System Road and bridge construction and maintenance services are provided by the five (5) highway districts; Central (Craigmont), Evergreen (Winchester), North (Central Ridge), Prairie (Nezperce), Kamiah (Kamiah); and by the Idaho Transportation Department. These infrastructure needs are addressed in the Transportation Component. 8.11 Utilities 8.11.1 Electrical Service Provided in Lewis County by Clearwater Power Company, Idaho County Light & Power Company, and Avista Utilities. Transmission lines serve residential and commercial development throughout the county. It is extremely important for the county to plan uses around these lines that are safe and compatible. No structures should be allowed under these lines. Major transmission facilities should be kept out of the residential areas of the community. Communication between the county, private land owners, and the utility companies are essential to prevent this from happening. A utility placement policy should be addressed. 8.3L2Telephone QUEST Communications and GTE Northwest provide telephone service through both aerial and underground telephone lines. 911 Emergency calls from all parts of the county are routed to the Lewis County Sheriffs Office in Nezperce. 8.11.3 Cell Phone An increase in the use of technology in telecommunications makes questions about access to the Internet, access to institutions of higher learning, and other resources a prime consideration. Issues concerning the location of telecommunication towers is addressed m the county Tower Ordinance (#2002-08). 8.11.4 Television West Star Cable Television currently oifers Cable TV service. Cable lines are placed on telephone poles or underground as the circumstances dictate, 42 Again, the county must plan uses around these Imes that are of a compatible and safe nature. Television broadcasting is currently available directly to most areas and through a translator system for the remainder of the County, Lewis County receives broadcasts from KLEW (Lewlston), KUID (Moscow), KXLY, KREM, KHQ, KAYU (Spokane, WA), and KWSU (Pullman, WA). 8.11.5Radio Radio Broadcasting is available to most areas from KLER (Orofmo), KORT (Grangeville), KATW, KRLC, KMOK, KOZE, (Lewiston), KRPL, KZFN, KUOI, KRFA (Moscow), KCLK (Clarkston, WA), and KHTR, KQQQ, and KWSU(PuUman,WA). 8.11.6 Other Media Weekly newspapers servmg the County are the Clearwater Progress and the Lewis County Herald. The only daily newspaper serving the county is the Lewiston Morning Tribune, 9 PUBLIC HEALTH AND SAFETY 9.1 Solid Waste Disposal Two private garbage hauling companies currently serve Lewis County: Simmons Sanitation and WALCO. Solid waste is collected from dumpster locations throughout the county and trucked to a site near Missoula, Montana. In addition, each city in Lewis County receives door to door garbage pickup service. Solid waste collection fees finance this service. 9.2 Law Enforcement The Lewis County Sheriffs Department, the Kamiah Marshalls' Office, and Tribal Police currently provide Law Enforcement in Lewis County with occasional assistance provided by Idaho State Patrol, and Idaho Fish & Game. Response time is dependent upon the location of the officer on duty and could be anywhere from a few minutes to over l/2 hour. It could be slower at times^ if the officer is on another call. The county residents expect that increased levels of police protection will be funded as they become necessary. Population growth, increased tourism, economic development and other growth factors will determine the rate of increased law enforcement services m the future. Currently equipment is adequate, but it is important to keep all equipment up to date and maintained properly. Continual update of this equipment will be 43 essential to continue providing top quality law enforcement services in Lewis County. Retention of trained officers is extremely important for continuity and cost saving law enforcement services. This can often be difficult for a rural county like Lewis, due to high amount of hours on the Job, lower pay, and high stress. Smaller counties and communities also serve as training grounds, after which a qualified officer may be enticed away by a larger, better paying department. 9.3 Fire Protection Kamiah Rural Fire District, Nezperce Rural Fire Disfcrict, Idaho Department of Lands, and Bureau of Land Management provide fire protection to the county. Each city has a resident volunteer fire department, 9-4 Ambulance Service Provided by Nezperce Ambulance (one unit), and Kamiah Ambulance (two units). The level of service provided is Advanced EMT. Quick Response Units are located in Craigmont and Winchester. Heart Flight (Spokane, WA) and Valley Aviation (Orofino) provide helicopter ambulance service. 9.5 Search and Rescue Provided by the Lewis County Search and Rescue Team Note: AH of the above services are dispatched by a County-Wide 911 System 9.6 Health Facilities There are currently no doctor's offices in Lewis County. Lewis County residents receive medical treatment and services from the St. Mary's Hospital Clinics located in Craigmont, Nezperce and Kamiah, North Centi'al District Public Health Clinic in Kamiah, Syringa Clinic of Kooskia, Clearwater Valley Clmic ofKooskia, and at the following nearby hospitals: 9,6.1 Hospitals 1. St. Mary's Hospital m Cottonwood 2. Syringa General Hospital in Grangeville 3. Clearwater Valley Hospital in Orofino 4. St. Joseph Regional Medical Center in Lewlston 5. Tri-State Hospital m Clarkston, WA 6. VA Hospitals in Lewiston, TD, Boise, JD, and Walla Walla, WA 44 Nez Perce tribal members may receive medical care at the Nimiipuu Health Clinics in Lapwai and Kamiah. In Home Care Services, Alternative Nursing Services, and Physical Therapy are available In Kamiah, Grangevllle, and Orofmo. 9.6.2 DentaLCare Provided by one dentist m Kamiah and one in Craigmont and by dentists m cities outside of the county. 9.6.3 Nursmgltones 1 .Haven of Rest - Kamiah 2.S1 Mary's Hospital - Cottonwood S.Grangevllle Care Center - Grangevllle 4.Numerous others located in Lewiston/Clarkston 10 QUASI-PUBLIC FACILITIES 10.1 Churches Craipmont Area 1. United Church ofCraigmont 2.Prairie Assembly of God 3.Prairie Baptist Church Kamiah Area 1. Clearwater Valley Assembly of God 2. St. Catherine's Catholic Church 3. Kamiah Bible Church 4. Faith Lutheran Church 5. Nazarene Church ofICamiah 6. Kamiah Pentecostal Church of God New Life Chapel 1. Community Presbyterian Church 8. Pine Ridge Baptist Church 9. Church of Christ 10. Apostolic Acts Church 45 11. Kingdom Hall ofjehovah's Witness 12. Church of Latter Day Saints 13* Kamiah Second Indian Presbyterian Church 14. Freedom Bible Church Nezperce Area 1. Hope Baptist Church 2. Holy Trinity Catholic Church 3. Nezperce Christian Church 4. St. Johns Lutheran Church 5. Nezperce United Methodist Church Reubens Area 1, Reubens Presbyterian Community Church Winchester Area 1 .Winchester Community Church 10.2 Meeting Halls Craigmont Area 1. American Legion Hall 2. Independent Order of Odd Fellows S.MasonicLodge 4. Craigmont Community Hall Kamiah Area 1. Chamber of Commerce Building 2. Kamiah City Rural Public Safety Building (Fire House) 3. VFW Hall 4. American Legion Hall 5. Senior Citizen Center 6. Wa-a-Yas Community Center 7.Clearwaterl2Motel 46 Reubens Area 1. Reubens Community Center Nezperce Area 1, Nezperce Senior Center 2. American Legion Hall 3. Old Masonic Lodge/Museum Winchester Area 1. Senior Center 2. City Hall 3. Winchester Fire Station (same building) 4. Winchester Community Center Chambers of Commerce 1. Kamiah 2. Nezperce 3. Craigmont 10-3 GOAL • To assure orderly development of land compatible with county service levels. 10.40BJECTIVES: • To insure that the economic benefits to the community are offset by the costs to provide services to the development, various criteria will be considered and evaluated. • Examine all proposed developments to assure that the cost of providing public services and utilities is born by that development and does not exceed the tax revenue obtained by that development to mamtain such services. • Install necessary infrastmctire prior to the development or require assurance that Infrastructure will be Installed. • Require a community water and sewer system in all developments where appropriate. Require all developments with access to a water or sewer line to hook-up. 47 All public works and capital improvements projects should be developed in conjunction with the Lewis County Comprehensive Plan and all standards developed by the county. Future expansion of power lines shall occur, as much as possible, within existmg rights of way and efforts will be made to minimize the visual impacts of existing and future lines. Encourage the development of a policy to deal with the future placement of utility facilities including telecommunication, electrical, cable and gas lines. 48 11 TRANSPORTATION 11.1 Current Conditions Lewis County has several sources of transportation available to its residents. The primary source of transportation is vehlcular, and is served directly by State Highways 95, 62, 64, 162, 7 and 12 and several prominent county roads. There are also three small county airports located in Craigmont, Kamiah, and Nezperce. Currently there are no bike paths or walking trails. The general highway map shows the state highway system, identifying Highways 95 and 12 as a principal arterial, and Highway 62, 64, 162, and 7 as major collectors. The various areas of the county experience traffic as follows: Road Location 1997 2003 U.S. Hwy 12 " Clearwater Co. Line 3,000 U.S.Hwyl2-HiU,Kannah 2,100 4,500 U.S. Hwy 95 - Idaho Co. Line 2,400 2,400 U.S. Hwy 95 - Westlake Rd. 3,300 U.S. Hwy 95 - Nez Perce Co. Line 3,200 S.H. 62 - Cralgmont 660 640 S.H.62-MoMer 420 S.H. 62 -Nezperce 1,300 8.H. 64-Nezperce 1,200 S.H. 64-Drake Rd. 340 S.H.64-Kamiah 470 1,200 S.H. 162-Nezperce 470 1,400 S.H. 162-Lawyer Ck. 730 S.H.162-Kamiah 2JOO 11-2 County Roads In 2005, the cities of Winchester, Cralgmont, Nezperce, and Kamlah, and the road departments of Evergreen Highway district, North Highway district, 49 and Kamiah Highway district Joined together to develop a Lewis County Transportation Master Plan. The intent of the plan was to develop a long range transportation plan through the year of 2026, and to lay a course of improvement to meet the anticipated needs and growth, while improving the existmg deficiencies. The four cities and five highway districts consist of over 510 miles of roadway covering approximately 480 square miles. The fmal plan was adopted in June 2007, The combined average annual transportation operatmg budget for all nine entities is approximately $2,179,000. The combined jurisdictions maintain approximately 54 miles of paved roads, 439 miles of gravel roads, 17 miles of graded, and drained dirt roads, 6 bridges, and numerous culverts, signs, guardrail and other assets. Road right of way requirements consist of 80 to 100-feet for a major arterial, 60 to 80-feet for a minor arterial and 60-feet for a collector. All improved surfaces on county roads are approximately 24-feet in width. The Kamiah Highway District has adopted official road construction standards. The remainders of the districts depend upon the standards adopted by the Association of Highway Districts. In 2005, the Kamlah Highway District adopted a 5-Year Capital Improvement Plan, This plan included the improvement planning and funding requirements for installation and replacement of street signs, alignment improvements and paving of Gibler Road, and dramage and surface mrprovements for Lyons, Hall, Koepl, and Marker Roads. These were completed. By the year 2012, half of the 18-miles of road in this district will be paved. Each district must coordinate with the others and with the state highway system in order to provide the best road system for county residents. All of the districts work closely with their school districts to insure safe bus routes, especially in bad weather. Lewis County Transportation Master Plan compiled by Riedesel Engineermg, Inc.,77 Soufhway, Suite C, Lewiston, ID 83501 14 Ibid. 15 Ibid. 16 Ibid. 50 Revenue resources for the districts generally fall in the categories listed below: • Highway user funds - 50% Rural Surface Transportation Program (S.T.P. Rural) • County Taxes (general levies, special levies) -45 % • Interest and Inventory Phase cuts -5% 11.3 Other Transportation Considerations 11.3.1 Air Service Small auports are located in Craigmont, Kamiah and Nezperce. Cralgmont - The runway is 2,900 ft. long and 50 ft. wide and has a paved surface. New runway lighting, rotating beacon, and windsock were installed m1996. Kamiah - the runway is 3,000 feet long, 90 feet wide and has a maintained turf grass surface. There is runway lighting, a wmdsock, restroom, rental car, and a public telephone available. Nezperce - the runway Is 2,000 feet long and 30 feet wide with a paved surface. Commercial passenger service to all major cities is available through connections m Boise, Lewiston, and Spokane Airports. Charter service is available in Grangeville. 11.3.2Rail The Great Northwest Railroad serves the County. This rail line links Kamiah and Kooskia with Lewiston and the slack water port district. The train runs several days a week at Kamiah hauling lumber from the mills and delivering assorted freight. The tracks and ties of the former Camas Prairie Ralkoad have been removed from Cottonwood to Grangeville in Idaho County. Raikoad Materials of St. Louis, Missouri own the remaining track from Spalding to Cottonwood. Currently this rail is in service from Spalding to Culdesac. There has been talk about restoring rail fright service to Craigmont during the harvest seasons. If the railways are abandoned the county may need to look at alternative uses for these rights-of-way in the future. 51 1L3.3BUS Northwestern Trailways bus line series the Craigmont area of the county on a daily basis, once daily Monday through Sunday in each direction. This service provides connections to Boise, Lewlston, and Spokane. 11.3.4Motor Freight Several motor freight companies provide services to county businesses and residents. Jobbers deliver daily and various other delivery services are also available including UPS and Federal Express. 11.4 Public Transportation Public transportation is provided on a demand basis throughout the county through private companies on an on-call basis. The following list delineates these services: • Area Agency on Agmg - Bus service for seniors » Nez Perce Tribe bus service for tribal members 11.5 GOAL Provide an adequate, safe, and efficient transportation system for Lewis County residents, promoting the orderly movement of people, goods, and services 11.60BJECTIVES: • Insure that access onto public roads will not disrupt traffic flow and that access is adequate for emergency response vehicles. • Continue to insure that buildings are setback a safe distance from public roads, and at a distance that allows for future improvements to the road. • Work to provide and protect the safety of the children through proper signage and safe crossings on school routes, as well as pedestrian education in schools. • Encourage the highway districts to evaluate the county road system as a whole, and to continue to coordinate with each other aad the state in developing a road inventory, maintenance, and annual pavement plan. • Develop basic road standards for roads under construction within the county outside of subdivisions. Enforce county subdivision standards as well. 52 • Develop standards for access onto county roads. Look into alternatives such as frontage roads and safety turnouts to control such access. • Encourage beautification along the transportation routes, particularly the contmued control of weeds. • Encourage the dedication of wider rights-of-way to prepare for future growth. • Require developers of medium to large subdivisions do impact studies to determine their impact on the county's transportation system. • Encourage the development of alternative transportation systems for bicycles, pedestrians, and horses. Begin working with public and private landowners to obtain, preserve, and enhance alternative modes of travel throughout the county. The Lawyer Creek Greenbelt path proposed for the levee at Kamiah is one example. • Encourage the participation in the Northwest Passage Tourism Master Plan, calling for establishment and maintenance of scenic byways in Lewis County as well as other improvements to the county's roads. • Recognize and continue to support the railways and their service to the county and its cities. • Encourage conversion of the Camas Prairie Railroad right-of-way, from Craigmont to Reubens and on to Culdesac, to a recreational use under the Rails to Trails or Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) programs. • Encourage the Idaho Transportation Department to expedite state highway improvement projects that will: 1. Replace the narrow bridge over Long Hollow Creek on Hwy. 62, north ofNezperce with a safer, wider bridge. 2, Upgrade and resurface Hwy. 162 in Lewis and Idaho Counties, including effective stream bank alterations to Seven Mile Creek that will reduce road damage due to seasonal flood conditions. 3. Replace the short, narrow bridge over Lawyer Creek on Hwy. 162 with a longer, wider bridge that will allow for the increased flows during flood conditions. 4. Upgrade the road surface and improve maintenance on Hwy. 64 between the cities ofNezperce and Kamiah. 53 Clearwater Co. Nez Perce Co rwJS>l T-^.. /inctieste 12 RECREATION AND TOURISM Lewis County has a multitude of recreational opportunities currently existing. The potential for the expansion of these and the development of others is great. Currently the county can boast the following public and semi-public recreational facilities: 12.1 Fair Facilities Located in Nezperce, the fair is scheduled for the last weekend in September each year. The 3.7 acre falrground has a two acre arena, Livestock Barn, Wash Barn, Bu-d and Bunny Barn, Open Class Exhibit Hall, 4-H, and School Display Building. 12.2Winter sports Cross country skiing, snowmobiling and ice fishing. 12.3 Natural Areas • Clearwater River • Winchester Lake • Clearwater and Nez Perce National Forests 12.4Hunting and Fishing Opportunities These abound on both public and private property in the county. Such activity is facilitated by the presence of outfitters and guide operations based in the county. 12.5Craig Mountain Arena A private arena for rodeos and other equestrian activities is located in Winchester. 12.6Wolf Education Resource Center (WERC) This project is located west of Winchester and provides study areas to view wolves in a controlled setting. 12.7Winchester Lake State Park Winchester Lake State Park is a major recreational facility in Lewis County. It is about 405 acres in size, with the lake comprising approximately 100 acres, and the forested area covering about 250 acres. The remaining 55 acreage houses numerous facilities including a modem campground with water and electric hook-ups, a modem shower house, fishing areas, a fish cleaning station, day use areas, and hiking trails. Four yurts are available for a rental fee. A dump station Is available about ^ mile away in the city of Winchester. The state park receives from 60,000 to 70,000 visitors a year and is popular m both summer and whiter. Winter activities include snowshoelng (rentals available) and cross-country skiing. Nature study activities take place throughout the year. There is minor expansion planned, but the park has almost reached maximum development and will concentrate on the continual replacement and modernization of facilities 12.8School District Facilities In most of the communities m Lewis County, the school district facilities are used for school related and independent recreational uses. 12.8.1 Craiemont Craigmont City Park - playground equipment, covered BBQ area, Gazebo, horseshoe pits, and restrooms. Volmer Park - grass area only 12.8.2Kamiah Riverfront Park - covered BBQ area, restrooms, gazebo, trap shooting range, boat ramp, nature trail, sandbox, and horseshoe pits, a stage for performmg arts, several RV sites with power. Five RV caroping spaces. DuPont Park - playground equipment, tennis courts, basketball court, swimming pool, and restroom facilities Private RV parking in area. 12.8.3Reubens Rubens City Park - playground equipment and restroom facilities i2,8_,4Nezperce Nezperce City Park - playground equipment, BBQ area, tennis court and restrooms. Adjacent overnight camping. Knutson Park - playground equipment Lions Park - baseball diamond, volleyball court, covered picnic area, playground equipment and restrooms Garden Club Park" benches, water fountain and city clock 56 12,8.5Wmchester Private RV parking Winchester City Park — playground equipment, baseball diamond Davis Roadside Rest and Picnic Area (Hwy. 95) - picnic tables In 1996, the region, and the North Central Idaho Travel Association, joined with the Idaho Department of Commerce to create the Northwest Passage Tourism Development Plan. This plan listed several items in their mission statement including: • To promote and develop Region 2 as a vacation, convention, and travel destination • To aid in the development of programs and projects including the application of grant funds and the disbursement of funds from grants and all other sources to accomplish these objectives • Engage In promotion, public relations, fund raising and similar activities to enhance these programs The plan identified four tourism markets in focusing its development efforts. These are: • Light recreational (e.g. Sightseeing) • Outdoor Recreational (active recreation) • Heritage • Ecology/Environment The plan also recognizes the importance of historic sites and scenic byways in tourism development. A corridor management plan, includmg a comprehensive analysis of 90.1 miles within the region, will be completed to assist with the scenic protection of transportation routes m the area. Some goals of the plan include: • Develop and promote a regional profile/miage. • Build promotional partnerships, • Tap inter-mountam Northwest markets. • Expand programs that emphasize Region 2 as a tourism destination. • Improve local and regional tourism communications. 57 • Educate our own communities on the benefits of tourism. • Assist businesses in tapping tourism markets more effectively. In a citizen's survey completed in 1996, the majority of respondents felt that recreational opportunities in Lewis County were adequate. However if given an opportunity to add facilities, the citizens listed the following preference: golf courses, ball parks, RV parks, teen recreation programs, basketball and termis courts, and bike/hikmg/walkmg trails. 12.9 GOAL: Provide a variety of active and passive recreational opportunities for both residents and visitors to the area according to current and projected needs. 12.10 OBJECTIVES: • Encourage the preservation of land that has historical, scientific, educational, recreational, or open space value. • Encourage cooperation among local, state, and federal land management agencies and the private sector in Identifying and meeting recreational needs within Lewis County. • If public lands with significant recreational potential are surrounded by private land, public access should be assured. • The county should develop and implement a program to assure the continuing public enjoyment of river and streamside recreation. • Continue development of the park along the Clearwater In Kamiah, including a pedestrian/bicycle trail on the Lawyer Creek levee. • Research and implement the Rails to Trails program where feasible and financially possible. • Work with the state in addressing the positive and negative aspects of tourism on the county and work to mitigate the negatives. • Promote history and culture for tourism. • Pursue the scenic byways program. • Participate in the Northwest Passage Tourism Master Plan as part of a regional effort. 58 13 SPECIAL AREAS OR SITES The citizens of Lewis County have identified several sites within their community and county that have special or historical significance to them and should be protected and preserved. 13.1.1 Craigmont/Reubens/Wmchester Areas 1, Old Ilo Presbyterian Church 2. Craigmont City Hall 3. Lawyer Canyon Bridge 4. Lawyer Canyon Creek 5. Talmaks (Nez Perce Indian Presbyterian camp meeting - last week of June, first week in July) 6. LGG Round Cement Elevator 7. Camas Frame Railroad - Craigmont to Reubens to Culdesac 8. Kippen Townsite (Reubens) 13.L2Kamiah 1. "Heart of the Monster- in Idaho County 2. First Presbyterian Church - in Idaho County 3. McBeth's Home - in Idaho County 4. Tolo's Grave" in Idaho County 5. Nez Perce Indian Graves 6. Fort Misery - m Idaho County 7. Asa Smith Mission 8. Lewis and Clark's Long Camp 9. Indian Writings 10. Ice Caves, Church Canyon -in Idaho county 11. State Bank ofKamiah and Kamiah Drug Company Buildings 12. Caribel Plume Site - m Idaho County 13. Old Bridge Site 14. Battleground with Rifle Pits - in Idaho County 59 13.1.3 Lewis County 1. Lawyer Canyon 2. Greer s Ferry 3. Site ofNez Perce long House Encampment and Fur Trapper s Post 4. Saint Joseph's Mission Complex at Slickpoo 5. Kitchen Caves 6. Tramway and Pardee 7. Nez Perce Viewpoint and Seven Teepees Sites 13.2 National Register of Historic Places in Idaho 13.2.1 Lewis County: 1. State Bank ofKamiah; ID 64 (Main & 5th Streets); 29 August 1978 (78001082) (C) 2. Bridwell, James P., House; 107 5th St, 6 April 1989 (88001446) (B) Note: Many special sites are located on private property or are protected by state, tribal, or federal laws. In 1996, a citizen's survey was completed in which a majority of respondents mdlcated that they would like to see historic sites protected and preserved. They felt these sites should be identified, cataloged, and maintained. 13.3GOAL: • To maintain areas of interest m our county whether for lessons in education, for historical preservation or to maintain a sense of community. 13.40BJECTIVES: • Encourage private owners of these sites to recognize theu* significance to the county and preserve them as much as possible. • To keep a historic record of each site for future generations. • To research the possibility of additional sites being named on the National Historic Register • Preserve scenic and recreational areas of Interest within the county. • To encourage the work of the Historic Societies in the county and participate and assist them when possible. 60 • Encourage the contmued effort to identify and sign historic sites m the county. • Promote history and culture for tourism. 14 HOUSWG In Lewis County, from 1980 to 1995 the following census statistics prevailed: LEWIS COUNTY: 1980 1990 1995 Housmg Units 1,807 1,681 1,653 Manufactured/Moblle Homes (mcluded) 199 266 289 Owner Occupied 1,115 992 1,088 Renter Occupied 395 401 565 Median House Value $33,100 $38,500 $52,000 The 2006 the U.S. Census Bureau estunated that there were 1813 housing units in Lewis County. Of these 74.6% were owner occupied. The median home value was listed as $78,900. Most of the population increase in Lewis County in recent years has been non-elderly households without children. There was a downturn in housing units m the late eighties with the decline of some of the natural resource industries. This could change if new industries that provide a living wage, comparable to larger cities in Idaho, come into Lewis County, and if there is an increase in affordable housing. In Lewis County, 97% of the homes were built prior to 1980> However, 89% of owners feel their housing is in good to excellent condition (renters In Lewis County, who typically are in the oldest housing do not agree with this assessment). 61 Affordable housing is defined by two conditions. First, the rent may not exceed 30% of income and next, there should not be more than one person per habitable room. In Lewis County, 12 percent of persons are considered at or below the poverty rate where affordable housing might be an issue. Lewis County housing is considered relatively affordable. The rural and small town atmosphere of the county makes it an attractive place to live. As the county grows, the rising cost to purchase or rent a home will have Its greatest Impact on the county?s lower Income households causing a greater number of households to be burdened with housing costs greater than 30% of the household income. Lewis County has the 13th highest property tax rates of Idaho's 44 counties'". The county currently has land use and subdivision regulations that are undergoing revision. Land and development costs are affordable and loans are available for the Lewis County area, a situation that has been improving over the past several years. Many of the cities provide water and sewer services to its residents at the cost of the development while developers in the county are required to get permits from the State Depaitment of Water Resources for water supply and from the North Central Health District for septic systems, In addition, the property owner may be responsible for developing the road within the construction standards set by the Highway District and/or County. These policies will insure that growth pays for itself instead of providing additional burdens upon the current residents and taxpayers. The county does have several assisted living and/or affordable housing units. These include two housing projects in Kamiah, one geared specifically for the senior population and the other open to anyone; one located in Nezperce open to anyone; one in Winchester for senior citizens. Manufactured homes are considered as a suitable housmg type for smgle family lots when meeting certain constmctlon and placement requirements as set by the county. 14.1 Future Outlook While the Comprehensive Plan must deal with housing in Lewis County, the housing issues facmg the neighboring counties of Region 2 (Clearwater, http://www.city-data.coxii/county/Lewis County-ID. Idaho State Tax Commission. 2007 Average Property Tax Rates. Updated] ,2/2008. 62 Idaho, Nezperce, and Latah) will not begin or end at Lewis County's line. Staying aware of the regional housing situation will help the county to prepare and avoid surprises. As the housing costs and populations increase m Clearwater, Idaho and Nezperce Counties, families will tend to move farther from the employment centers. Community leaders in Region 2 already note with concern the lack of affordable housing and strained water and sewer infrastructure. Because Lewis County cities are already at or near their infrastructure capacities, there will be mcreasing pressure on Lewis County to build in the unincorporated areas. If Lewis County is impacted by m-migration, then the availability of land for residential and lagging infrastructure capacity are factors affecting the price of housing. The marketplace will respond with rising costs, pricing many households out of the market. This could have the unfortunate effect of increasmg overcrowdmg of available units as households adopt this coping strategy to meet rising housing cost obligations. 14.2 GOAL: • To meet future residential needs whether owner occupied or as rental units and to encourage the development of affordable housmg, developed for the identified greater need of the county. 14.30BJECTIVES: • Work with adjacent counties and the Nez Perce Tribe toward addressing housing needs, sending a copy of Lewis County's Comprehensive Plan and strategies to them, and receiving theirs. • Work with the Lewis County cities m the same manner. • Survey the condition of housing stock. • Support energy retrofit programs to reduce housing costs to renters and owners (especially lower income households). • Encourage mfrastructure expansion m mcorporated commumties. • Encourage development in incorporated areas of the county and their Areas of City Impact. • Take advantage of existing programs that could assist in the rehabilitation and production of affordable housing. Work with state agencies, housing producers, and lenders to encourage public-private partnering toward addressing housing needs. 63 Consider the creation of a nonprofit corporation or other methods to help address the county's housing and community development needs, perhaps in cooperation with adjacent counties. Encourage support for fair treatment and affordable housing for its citizens through the passage of resolutions and ordmances by the County Commissioners. 64 15 COMMUNITY DESIGN Lewis County currently has developed design and development standards involving several different areas and types of development m the county. This includes zoning and subdivision standards, flood and building code standards, standards for hazardous and solid waste, weed ordmances, abandoned vehicles and other general business regulations. 15.1 GOAL • To encourage the development of an aesthetlcally pleasing environment protecting the quality of life Lewis County residents enjoy. 15.20BJECTIVES: • Develop and/or enforce standards for such things as junkyards, livestock containment operations, animal control etc. • Support the code enforcement program run by county staff, utilizing means under the Idaho Code to do the enforcement on individual properties that do not comply with county codes. • Enhance the image of Lewis County as a good place to live, work or visit. • Develop standards for signs and billboards, particularly along the major state and county roads. • Update the subdivision and land use ordinances with design standards that will preserve the aesthetic qualities of the county. • Develop policies to preserve scenic ways and areas, including the use of a recreation zone or overlay, 16 PRIVATE PROPERTY RIGHTS 16.1 GOAL • To ensure that land use policies, restrictions, conditions and fees do not unconstitutlonally violate private property rights, and to establish an orderly, consistent review process that enables the county to ensure that any proposed actions will not result in an unconstitutional taking of private property without due process of law. 16.2 OBJECTIVES • Eliminate regulations or actions, which would unconstitutioaally deprive an owner of all economically viable uses of the property. 65 • Eliminate regulations or actions by the county, which would result in an unconstitutional permanent or temporary physical occupation of private property. • Eliminate regulations or actions by the county that require a property owner to dedicate a portion of property or grant an easement, unless the regulation or action clearly advances an articulated and legitimate public purpose. • Eliminate regulations or actions, which would significantly impact an owner's economic interest in the affected property, unless the regulation or action clearly advances an articulated and legitimate public purpose. • Eliminate regulations or actions, which would deny a property owner a fundamental attribute of ownership, including the right to possess, exclude others, and dispose of property, unless the regulation or action clearly advances an articulated and legitimate purpose, • Eliminate regulations or actions, which would serve the same purpose as dkectly prohibiting a land use, unless the regulation or action clearly advances an articulated and legitimate public purpose. 17 TRIBAL RELATIONS 17.1 Background Information Currently the Nez Perce Tribe owns or is otherwise responsible for administration of approximately 47,155 acres of Indian land, or about 15% of Lewis County acreage. The Tribal government has the objective of maintaining the culture and traditions of the past and combining its rich history with the demands of the modem world to keep the Tribe economically and politically viable. 17-2 GOAL: • To promote a positive pattern of cooperation toward land use planning that is beneficial to both the Nez Perce Indian people and to all other people who own or manage land in Lewis County. • Encourage the Nez Perce Tribe to adopt and implement a land use planning program for the lands the Tribe owns and administers. • Encourage the Nez Perce Tribe to preserve their culture and traditions. 66 17.3 OBJECTIVES: • Promote areas of agreement, cooperation, and improved communication between the Nez Perce Tribal and Lewis County Governments. • Continue to include the Nez Perce Tribe (both as a government entity and as a landowner) in Lewis County land use and development approval process following the established notification procedures. Apply the goals and objectives from the Special Areas and Sites component to help preserve the Nez Perce culture and traditions. 17.4The North Central Idaho Jurisdictional Alliance The North Central Idaho Jurisdictional Alliance (NCIJA) was formed in 1996, by twenty-two county entities from Clearwater, Lewis, and Idaho Counties. The members felt it was necessary to defend the citizens of the area from the expanding claims of the Nez Perce Tribe to jurisdiction over the residents and property within the boundaries of the former (disputed) 1863 reservation. 18 IMPLEMENTATION Implementation involves analysis, actions, budgets, ordinances or other methods designed to provide for timely execution of the Comprehensive Plan components. Implementation is the phase of the planning process, which makes the goals and policies, as stated in the Comprehensive Plan, become reality. The plan, no matter how good It may be, is a useless document if it is never used or implemented. Formal adoption of the plan is the first step in implementation. The Lewis County Comprehensive Plan anticipates ten to fifteen years into the future, which allows time for knplementmg land use patterns, transportation networks and facility plans. 18.1 GOALS: • Execute this Comprehensive Plan as a vital working document to guide future growth of Lewis County. • The county will provide the necessary staff and facilities to administer the policies and goals described within this plan. The Lewis County 67 Planning Department will administer the Comprehensive Plan and its policies, under the supervision of the Board of Lewis County Commissioners. The Planning & Zoning Commission Is authorized by that Board to develop land use policy recommendations, and to review and approve proposals affecting the public's interest in land use- 18.20BJECTIVES: • Encourage and use citizen participation in all planning decisions to ensure that it reflects public interest in land use issues. A diversity of approaches to public participation should be considered. • Adopt and administer zoning and subdivision ordinances in substantial compliance with the policies and goals of this plan. • Work with appropriate agencies, jurisdictions, and organizations to coordinate common plannmg goals and achievement of those goals. • Require review of significant development proposals to evaluate their impact on surrounding economic, educational, environmental, recreational, and historical resources and will require mitigation of adverse impacts. * Cooperate with the work of organizations involved In programs, which promote the goals of this plan. • Cooperate with ongomg programs of other organizations to identify and monitor environmental, recreational, and historical resources and seek creative mechanisms to acquire, use, or otherwise preserve these resources for future enjoyment. 68 BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS LEWIS COUNTY, IDAHO RESOLUTION NO. A009-^c/ A RESOLUTION ADOPTING A REVISED COMPREHENSIVE PLAN AND LAND USE MAP FOR LEWIS COUNTS AND REPEALING THE 1997 COMPREHENSIVE PLAN AND LAND USE MAP WHEREAS, the Lewis County Planning and Zoning Commission has conducted a comprehensive planning process as set forth in Idaho Code 67-6508 and 6509 for the purpose of revising the Lewis County Comprehensive Plan and Land Use Map, and has recommended that a new Comprehensive Plan and Land Use Map be adopted for Lewis County; and WHEREAS, following a duly noticed public hearing as set forth in Idaho Code 67-6509, the Board of County Commissioners finds that substantial changes in the actual conditions in Lewis County have occurred since the adoption of the existing Comprehensive Plan and Land Use Map m 1997, and that it is in the best interests of the citizens of Lewis County that a new Comprehensive Plan and Land Use Map be adopted for Lewis County for the promotion of the health, safety, and general welfare of the people of Lewis County, in order to achieve the purposes set forth in Idaho Code 67-6502; NOW THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, by the Board of County Commissioners of Lewis County, State of Idaho, that: SECTION I. The Comprehensive Plan and Land Use Map attached hereto is hereby adopted for Lewis County effective upon passage of this resolution. SECTION 2. The Lewis County Comprehensive Plan and Land Use Map of 1997, with all amendments thereto, is hereby repealed. This resolution shall take effect and be in full force from and after its passage and approval. Dated this "3^^ day of f[^6U^P/^ , 2009. ,7 plyyles E. Doty, Commissioner .^,OFT?^., •^'"^•' O^u^^Ux-t^i-^ ^ . ;^%'{1 ^^'°^ : 3 Don Davis, Commissioner -% ^ ^•& .^ "^ ..••^/.'.^ •^^•!°f&^^ ''••^icT^^F ^AMv^ Cathy Larson, Clerk 69 I>0 earthen dams .34 employment sectors. ,19 A FCCLA...... 18 Age distribution...... JO Federal Emergency Management Agency...... 32, 36 airports,...... 49,51 Federal Express.„.„.....„„„...... ,.....,,....,...... „.„.„...„ 52 Alternative Nursing Services ...... 45 FFA18. . . American Legion...... 46,47 fire districts...... 35, 36 Andrus, Cecil D. ....„.,.„„..,.,...... ,...... ,,...,...„..... 3 First Presbyterian Church ...... 59 Apostolic Christian Training ...... 12,41 Fort Misery...... 59 Area of Impact...... 24, 26 FurTrapper's Post ...... 60 Asa Smith Mission...... 59 assisted living...... 62 Avista Utilities...... 42 B Grangevjile Care Center...... 45 Great Northwest Railroad.,„..,...,..,,...„..,..„.....,...... 51 Greer's Ferry...... ,.60 band ..,..,..,...... ,....„.„....,,.....,...... ,.,.,.....„,...... ,.. 18 GTE Northwest...... 42 Battleground with Rifle Pits ...... 59 Bridwell...... 60 Bureau of Land Management....,....,.,,,,,...... 36,44 H bus routes ,...,,.....,.,..,...... ,...... ,,,.,...... ,...,...15, 18, 50 businesses...... 19, 20, 21, 22,25,31, 32, 52, 58 Haven of Rest...... 45 Headstart...... ,..,..,.,...... j[2 Heart of the Monster...... 59 Highland School District #305...... ^ housing unit5 ...... 61, 62 Camas Prairie Railroad.,...... ,....;..,...... 51, 53, 59 Caribe! Flume Site ...... 59 cemeteries...... 41 / Chalfis...... 36 Chamber of Commerce...... 46 ice Caves...... 59 Chambers of Commerce...... ,,....,...... ,.,...... ,..,...... ^? Idaho Code ...... 65, 69 Churches ...... 45 Idaho County Light & Power Company...... 42 Clearwater 12 Motel...... 46 Clearwater Economic Development Association ..... 20 idaho Department of Commerce...... 21, 57 Idaho Department of Lands...... 36^ 44 Cteafwoter Progress..,..,...... ,..,...... ,...... ^ j-daho Fish & Game ...... 43 Community Planning...... 3 Idaho Northwest Passage Tourism Development Comprehensive Plan .. 3, 4, 5,6,27,48, 62, 63,67,68, 69 Master Plan ...... 21, 22 Idaho State Patrol...... „...„..„...... „...,..... 43 confined animal feeding operations ...... 20 tn Home Care Services...... 45 Cottonwood ...... 44^ 45, 51 Indian Writings...... 59 Craigmont....7, 9,11,12,13, 20, 23, 29, 32, 34, 35, 37, 38. 40, 41, 42, 44, 45. 46, A7, 49, 51. 52, 53, 56, 59 in-migration...... „...,„.,...... 63 International Building Code 2000...... 27, 32, 36 Culdesac...... 51,53,59 Internet...... 18, 21, 42 15TEA...... 53 D Department of Commerce ...... ,...—..,...... „...... 22 K Nez Perce Indian Graves...... 59 Nez Perce Indian Reservation...,.„..,„..„...... „...... 26 Nez Perce long House Encampment...... „.,'...... ,.. 60 . Kamiah.,,7, 9,11,12, 15, 20, 21, 23, 29, 32, 33, 35, 37, Nez Perce Viewpoint ...... 60 38. 40, 41, 42. 43. 44, 45. A6. 47, 49, 50, 51, 53, Nezperce7, 9.11,17,.18, 20, 23, 29,32, 33, 34, 35, 37, 56, 58, 59. 50, 62 38, 39, 40, 41.42. 44, 46, 47, 49, 51, 53, 55, 56, 62 Kamiah Bible Academy...... 12 North Central Idaho Jurlsdictjonsl alliance (NCIJA) ..67 . Kamlah School Di5trict S304...... 11 North Idaho College,....,...... ,,..,...... ;. 18, 21 KATW...... „...,...„...,...... „...... „...... ,....„; 43 Northwest Passage Tourism Master Plan ...... „„. 53,58 KAYU...... 43 Northwestern Trailways...... 52 KCLK ..;..„...... „...... „.„.....„.,...... ,.,.43 KHQ...... 43 KHTR,...... 43 0 KlppenTownsite...... 59 Kitchen Caves..,.,„....,,...... ,„..„,,.:„...... ,.,...,...... GO Old Bridge Site...... 59 KLER...... „..,...... „...... ,...... „...„.„.,...„.„.„.... 43 on-going process ...... ,„....,..„.....,...„.,.....„,....,...,...... 5 KLEW...... 43 out-migration ..„...... ,,...„...... ,,...„.,,...... ,„,....„ 7,10 KMOK...... 43 KORT,....„..,....„.„.....,...... ,..„„„„...... ,.,.,...... 43 KOZE...... 43 KQQQ...... 43 KREM...... 43 KRFA...... 43 P&Z Commission..,...... „.„.,...... „..„...,,...,.,.„.„„. 5, 6 KRLC...... 43 Pa rdee ...... ,,„.,..,,.60 KRPL ..,..„....„...... „...... ,43 Per Capita Personal Income (PCPI) ...... 19 KUID ..,,.„.„...... „....,...... „...... „...... ,.,„„.....43 Physical Therapy..,...,,,...... ,...... ,.....,....,..,.,,.,....,..... 45 KUOI...... ,.,..43 Population ...... 7 KWSU ...... ,,....43 prison inmate labor...... 16 KXLY,...... ,.,...... ,„...... ,....,...... ,,.,...... ,„„„...... ,..., 43 property tax rates...... ,...... ,...... ,.,.,...... ,...... ,.....,.,,., 62 KZFN..,.,„„...... ,...,.:...,..,...... „..,...... ,...„...... ,..43 Q QUEST...... 42 Lawyer Canyon...... 59/60 Lawyer Canyon Bridge...... 59 Lawyer Canyon Creek.,..,...,....,...,....,...,.,...... ,....,. 59 /? Lewis and dark's Long Camp ...... 59 Lewis County, Idaho .All Hazards Mitigation P[an.,,. 31 Rails to Trails...... 53, 58 Lewis-C!ark State College...... 18, 21 Reubens 7, 9.11,13. 23, 29, 35, 37, 38, 41. 42, 46, 47, Lewiston Momlnq Tribune...... 43 53, 56, S9 LGG Round Cement Elevator...... ;...... ,.... 59 s . M Saint Joseph s Mission Complex...... 60 Mackay...... 36 Senior Centers...... „„...... 42 Manufactured homes...... 62 Senior Citizen Center...... 46 Masonic Lodge ...... 46,47 , Seven Teepees Sites ...... 60 McBeth's Home...... „..,.„..„,„...... 59 Simmons Sanitation.,...... 43 Mt St. Helens...... 36 SNckpoo...... 60 must be updated...... 5 Spalding...... 51 StMarY'sHosp!ta!...... 44,45 State Departmentof Water Resources...... 62 A/ Subdivision Ordinance...... 25, 26 summary...... 6 Natural Resources Conservation Sen/ice (NRCS)...... 30 NRCS...... 30 Taimaks...... 59 The Idaho Hazardous Materials Response Plan ...... 36 Tolo's Grave...... 59 Towfer Ordinance (2002-08)...... 42 Tramway...... 60 Tribal Pofice...... 43 u U.S. Forest Sen/ice...... 36 Unincorporated...... ,.,,,..,,...... ,..,...... ,,...... ,..,//^ JJ University of Idaho...... 18, 21 UPS...... 52 USDA Rural Deveiopment Program,...... ,,..,...,.,...... 21 v VA Hospitals „.„.,.....„„,...... ,..,...... :„...... ,„.,...„.. 44 Valley Automated Library Network VaiNet...... 40 VFW...... „...... ,....,„„...„...... „...... ,.,..,„..„„.. 46 volunteer fire department ...... ,.„;....,....,.....,,, 35, 44 w Wa-a-Yas Community Center...... 46 WALCO ...„...... „...... ;....„...... „....„. 43 West Star Cable Television..,...,....„,..„...„„...„..„„„, 42 Wildiand Fire Mitigation Plan...... 36 Wiidland-Urban Interface Witdland Fire Mitigation P/o/7,...... 36 Winchester...// 9,11,13,10, 23, 29, 30, 34, 35, 40, 41, 42, 44. 46, 47, 55, 57, 59, 62 Central Highway District Legend Name Roads City Bound a [y I ;.\i| NezPerce Tribe Prairie Highway District M Legend !l;%';^;i City Boundafy [.3^ Nez Perce Tribe _J Prairie Highway District Evergreen Highway District (M Legend 1 City_Botmdary Nez Perce Tribe I_ ^ Evergreen Highway District M Kamiah Highway District Legend Cily Boundary Nez Penes Tribe Kamlah Highway District Area South of Kamiah North Highway District N