994 APPENDIX I

1941 1942 Dec. 16, Russians launched a general offen­ Feb. 15, Russian units in White sive on Finnish-German posi­ reached within 72 miles of old tions in Karelia. Polish frontier. Dec. 16-17, Further Russian successes in Feb. 27, Russian cavalry reported to Klin, Kalinin, Tula and Orel have reached within 72 miles areas. Mozhaisk retaken. of Latvian border. Dec. 19, German retreat reported general Mar. 1, Russians advanced to within on all Russian fronts. sight of Staraya Russa. Dec. 24, Russians recaptured Gorbachevo, Mar. 3, Russians developed strong of­ 150 miles south of . fensive in Ukraine. Germans withdrew across Vol­ Mar. 5, Russians recaptured , khov River on Leningrad front. 125 miles east of Smolensk. Dec. 27, Russians announced rout of Ger­ Mar. 8, Russians recaptured Sychevka, man forces south of Leningrad midway between Rzhev and and smashing of new German Vyazma; nine localities re­ line on River below Mos­ captured on Kalinin front. cow. Mar. 11, Russians breached German de­ Dec. 28, Further Russian advance in Ka­ fence lines beyond Kalinin. linin area. Mar. 12, Great Russian offensive in south Dec. 29, General Russian advance con­ from Sea of Azov to Kharkov; tinued, despite German at­ 90 divisions, totalling 1,500,000 tempts to make stand in several men, reported engaged. sectors. Mar. 17, Great battle raging at gates of 1942 Kharkov; further Russian gains Jan. 1, Moscow announced recapture of northwest of Moscow. , final defeat of Gen. Mar. 27, Russian sea-borne force landed Guderian's tank army and behind German lines at Mur­ routing of 16 German divisions mansk. Russians advanced in on central front. Russians an­ Smolensk area. nounced recapture of Staritsa, on River . Mar. 29, Strong German counter-attacks repulsed by Russians on Kalinin Jan. 1-5, Russians recaptured 30 on front. Leningrad front. Jan. 7, Moscow announced retaking of 572 Apr. 8, Russians crossed upper villages and killing of 10,000 River in flanking movement Germans in 5 days. On central against Rzhev-Gzahatsk-Vyaz­ front, Russians routed Germans ma salient. at Tim, 40 miles east of Kursk, Apr. 14, Russian forces in Ukraine effected and crossed upper Donets River major break-through north of in Kharkov region. On northern Kharkov. front, Russians recaptured island Apr. 15, Russians broke through German of Hogland from Finns. front lines at . Russians announced recapture of Jan. 8, Apr. 19, Russians broached Finnish line , 40 miles from in Karelian Isthmus. Notice­ Vyazma-Bryansk German win­ able stepping-up of German ter defence line. aerial attacks all along front. Jan. 9, Russians recaptured , 47 miles west of Kaluga. Apr. 21, German aircraft attacking Mur­ mansk beaten off with loss of Jan. 11, Russians broke Vyazma-Bryansk 15 machines. line and re-occupied . Jan. 14, Russians recaptured Kirov in Apr. 22, Russians broke through in 2 Smolensk region and Goro- places on Karelian Isthmus. khovo near Mozhaisk. Apr. 28, Russians recaptured Borok, on west side of Lake Ilmen, and Jan. 20, Russians recaptured Mozhaisk, broke through at Orel. leaving Orel and Rzhev as main remaining German strong­ May 5, Russians struck at Kharkov, holds on Moscow front. Kursk and Taganrog and scored new success on Kalinin front. Jan. 23, Russians, in 65-mile advance on north central front, reached May 19, Russians advanced on 100-mile Kholm. front in Kharkov sector, with left flank approaching Krasno- Jan. 26, Russians recaptured Nelidovo. grad, 60 miles southwest of 170 miles northwest of Moscow. Kharkov. Germans started Feb. 6, Rzhev besieged by Russians. counter-offensive in Izyum- Feb. 10. Renewed stiffening of German Barvenkova sector, 80 miles southeast of Kharkov. resistance on all fronts.