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Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Symposium on Zoo Research

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Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Symposium on Zoo Research Proceedings of The Fifth Annual Symposium on Zoo Research 7th and 8th July 2003 at Marwell Zoological Park, Winchester, UK Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Symposium on Zoo Research Marwell Zoological Park, 7th and 8th July 2003 Compiled and Edited by Tania C. Gilbert Department of Conservation and Wildlife Management Marwell Preservation Trust Colden Common Winchester Hampshire, SO21 1JH, UK. Published by Federation of Zoological Gardens of Great Britain and Ireland Zoological Gardens Regent’s Park London, NW1 4RY, UK. In association with Marwell Preservation Trust © Federation of Zoological Gardens of Great Britain and Ireland 2003 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or information storage and retrieval system, without permission from the publisher. First Edition ISSN:1479-7100 Contents Preface I Delegates Photograph II List of Delegates IV PART ONE: Oral Presentation Papers Session One: Training and Enrichment Home improvements: behavioural responses of captive gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) to 1 enrichment efforts Sonya P. Hill & Donald M. Broom Enrichment timetable for Goeldi’s monkeys (Callimico goeldii) at Paignton Zoo 4 Environmental Park Ali Gibbs How enriching is training? 9 Wanda McCormick Operant conditioning can be used to train common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) to sent- 20 mark on demand F.A.P. McDermott & Tessa E. Smith The benefits of positive reinforcement training and its effect on human non-human animal 21 interactions Hannah Buchanan-Smith Improving the animal-human relationship with laboratory-housed common marmosets 27 (Callithrix jacchus): increased interactions and positive reinforcement training Jean McKinley & Hannah Buchanan-Smith Session Two: Stress Evaluation and Welfare Understanding stereotypies in captive bears: the first step towards treatment 38 Sophie Vickery & Georgia Mason Stress evaluation in two captive bred snow leopards 52 Frederico Bianco & Silvia Scarso The effect of an enriched environment on behavioural and hormonal indicators of welfare in 53 orang-utans at Chester Zoo Eleanor Condon & Stephanie Wehnelt Non-invasive monitoring of the progesterone cycle in fossa (Cryptoprocta ferox) 59 Lesley A. Dickie, John Gurnell & Amanda R. Pickard The welfare of zoo elephants in Europe: mortality, morbidity and reproduction 67 Ros Clubb & Georgia Mason Session Three: Feeding and Nutrition An investigation into the nutrient intake, output and approximate digestibilities of the 77 Polynesian tree snail (Partula clara) Claire Stallard Nutrition, foraging behaviour and space use by plains zebra (Equus burchelli) housed in 84 mixed species exhibits Stephanie Armstrong & Nicola Marples Feeding schedules, obesity and disturbed behaviour patterns in captive black-and-white 94 ruffed lemurs (Varecia v. variegata) Christoph Schwitzer Giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) nutrition in European zoos: a comparative study 97 Vicki Munday, Andy Beer & Vicky Hart Providing foraging opportunities for nectar feeding parrots 106 Andrew Bagnall Session Four: General Zoo Research Current zoo research at APU 112 Sheila Pankhurst The importance of interdisciplinary co-operation in zoo based research 113 Claire Raison Much ado about bonobos: ten years of management and research at Planckendael Wild 114 Animal Park, Belgium Jeroen Stevens, Hilde Vervaecke, Ward Melens, Marleen Huyghe, Peter De Ridder & Linda Van Elsacker Social effects on the Trichuris burdens of Abyssinian colobus (Colobus guereza) housed at 126 Paignton Zoo Fay Poyser Session Five: Visitor Effects Two approaches to measure the effect of visitor numbers on orang-utan welfare 133 Ruth Jones & Stephanie Wehnelt A comparison of the behaviour of captive lemurs subjected to different causes of 139 disturbance at Marwell Zoological Park Kim Hutchings & Heidi Mitchell The effect of zoo visitors on gorilla behaviour 144 Courtney Keane & Nicola Marples Neglected areas of visitor effect studies 155 Alexandra Farrand & Hannah Buchanan-Smith Session Six: Behaviour Observations of scimitar-horned oryx (Oryx dammah) under summer and winter 156 management at Marwell Zoological Park Alison V. Van de Velde What is the function of notification in hamadryas baboons? 159 Órlaith Fraser Transitive inference and transitive effects in Bornean orang-utans (Pongo pygmaeus) at 167 Paignton Zoo Environmental Park Poppy McDonald Dichotomous behaviour of a pair of captive Amur leopards 171 Heidi Mitchell & Natalie Chasmer Personality profiles of the cheetah in the UK and Ireland, in relation to environmental 177 factors and performance variables Sheila McKay Factors affecting pool use by captive Humboldt penguins (Spheniscus humboldi) 190 Annette G. Clarke Effects of change in accommodation and group composition on the affiliative behaviour of a 205 captive bonobo group (Pan paniscus) Sara Van Dyck, Jeroen Stevens, Birgen Meuleman & Linda Van Elsacker Workshop: Zoo Visitor Effects 211 Geoff Hosey PART TWO: Poster Presentations Goeldi’s monkeys (Callimico goeldii): olfactory enrichment to stimulate natural behaviour 212 and greater activity Michelle Boon Matching horses for courses: development of robust tests of equine temperament to address 225 equine welfare Emma Creighton Post-occupancy evaluation of a red river hog (Potamochoerus porcus) enclosure 226 Erik Dayrell & Kirsten Pullen The empty-nest syndrome? A report on the behavioural changes of an adult bonobo female 231 and her three-year old daughter after the transfer of her eldest daughter Mieke De Lathouwers & Linda Van Elsacker Irreversible birth control methods in captive populations of hamadryas baboons 241 Rebekka Deleu, Iris Leinfelder & Nelissen Mark Behaviour and ranging of Geoffroy’s marmosets (Callithrix geoffroyi) in the zoo grounds 252 Sue Dow, Emily Jones & Helen Mandley Behavioural effects of cataract removal surgery in a gorilla 257 Sue Dow, Jamie Sherwin, Andy Gray & Sharon Redrobe An elephantine problem? A study on elephant behaviour 262 Magda Dumon, Jeroen Stevens & Linda Van Elsacker Promoting zoo research: the Zoo Federation Research Group 266 Anna T.C. Feistner & Stephanie Wehnelt Beetle mania! Conservation research for the endangered Fregate Island beetle Polposiphus 271 herculeanus Amanda Ferguson & Tse Ling Lee The long and the short of it! The effect of Lucerne fragment size on rumination and oral 275 stereotypies in okapis (Okapia johnstoni) Tania C. Gilbert & Melissa Turner Gastro-intestinal parasitism in antelopes, gazelles and Giraffidae: prevalence and 281 epidemiology in a zoo collection E. Goossens, J. Vercruysse, P. Dorny & F. Vercammen Keeping up appearances: territoriality and stocking density in the phantasmal dart frog 286 Epipedobates tricolor Charlotte Hosie, Nicola Hind & Emma Hind Is glowing in the dark detrimental? 287 Charlotte Hosie & Andrew Potter A preliminary investigation of olfactory enrichment for captive ruffed lemurs 288 Kim Hutchings & Heidi Mitchell The social network of female hamadryas baboons in captivity: stability of dominance, 289 proximity and grooming relationships Iris Leinfelder, Rebekka Deleu & Mark Nelissen Evaluation of the feeding and roosting sites used by Rodrigues fruit bats (Pteropus 307 rodricensis) at Drusillas Park Clare Reed, Vicki Melfi, James Mulvany, Merry Rees, Hayley Ford, Darren Bishop & Katie Grinyer Altering the diet of captive bred dormice increases hibernation 313 Matthew Robinson, Julian Chapman & Poppy McDonald Wallowing bison bulls: Machos of the top shelf?! 318 Catherine Roden, Hilde Vervaecke & Linda Van Elsacker The role of 2-acetylpyrroline in tiger communication 326 Sheralyn Smith Occurrence of female-to-female sexual behaviour and apparently non-functional behaviours 327 in female scimitar-horned oryx Oryx dammah before and after the introduction of a male Alison V. Van de Velde Their shit is our challenge 329 Linda Van Elsacker, Marleen Huyghe, Kristin Leus, Hilde Vervaecke, Jeroen Stevens & Han Weetjens Some aspects of reproduction in American bison (Bison bison) 330 Hilde Vervaecke, Catherine Roden, Franz Schwarzenberger, Rupert Palme & Linda Van Elsacker Christmas comes once a month! Feeding fully-feathered turkey carcasses to felids at Chester 331 Zoo S. Wehnelt & A. Roth Camouflaging gorillas: a method of reducing the ‘visitor effect’ 332 Deborah L.Wells & Emma C. Blaney Olfactory enrichment for the black-footed cat Felis nigripes 334 Deborah L.Wells & Justin M. Egli Do female bison flehm? The distribution of flehmen behaviour in a herd of American bison 336 (Bison bison) in semi-natural conditions Annemie Zenner, Hilde Vervaecke, Catherine Roden & Linda Van Elsacker Preface The Federation of Zoological Gardens of Great Britain and Ireland (Zoo Federation) is a conservation, education and scientific wildlife charity (Registered Charity Number: 248553). It was founded in 1966 out of a mutual desire within the zoo community to see sound principles and practices of animal management widely adopted in the British Isles. Today, the Zoo Federation is the principal, professional zoo body representing the responsible zoo community in the UK and Ireland. The Zoo Federation Research Group (ZFRG) operates under the auspices of the Zoo Federation's Conservation and Animal Management Committee and supports basic and applied research of relevance to both in situ and ex situ conservation, welfare and other zoo-related topics. Every year the group holds a symposium on zoo research to promote scientific
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