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Skenea Nitidissima (C.G Jeffreys, I860; Nordxieck

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Skenea Nitidissima (C.G Jeffreys, I860; Nordxieck Biodiversity SSl^Heritage7 (5JlJJ.br ar y http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org The Nautilus. [Melbourne, Fia., etc.,American Malacologists, inc., etc.] http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/6170 v. 111 (1998): http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/34216 Page(s): Page 1, Page 2, Page 3, Page 4, Page 5, Page 6, Page 7, Page 8, Page 9, Page 10, Page 11, Page 12 Contributed by: MBLWFIOI Library Sponsored by: MBLWHOI Library Generated 18 March 2010 1:35 PM http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/pdf2/002618600034216 This page intentionally left blank. n i h: NAUTILUS 11 1(1): 1-12. 199 S Page 1 Ammonicera in Florida: Notes on the Smallest Living Gastropod in tlie United States and Comments on Other Species of ia) Rüdiger B iele r Paula M . M ikke Is en Center for Evolutionary, and ÍV pa rt in ent ut Invertebrates Fm ironniental Biolt>g\ American Museum of Natural I list on Field Museum oí Nahn ul Histnrv Central Park West at 79th Street Roosevelt Hoad at Lake Shore Drive Neu Vork, Neu York 10024. V S.A. Chicago, Illinois R0f>05r U S A iinkkelUamnh .or«; hieleri^'trnnh i Uii \BSTRACT ix surprising 11 rat no true omalogvrids were reported in some Caribbean studies that otherwise dealt with min­ Tlie first record ol a species ot Ammonicera m Florida with ute species (eg , De Jong ¿í Coomans, 1938; Rios. an additional record from Yucatan. Mexico i> presented and the gross morpholngx ot the living animal is described lor 1994). the first time Tins smallest living snail in the United States In addition lo their small size, omalogvrids have is identified as Ai/ifíiuíi/Uí U/ minortalis Rolan, 199:2. origi­ anatomical Features thai sei them apart from eaeno- nally described from Cuba, ("oni pari sous are made with gaslropods with which the\ were usualh grouped closeli similar species, especialK A japonica Habe 1972, a This led to earh spec ulations about their systematic possi b K i/o 11 specific form with known wide distribution iii position. Because of their unusual radii lar characters, the Pacific ( Lean Various taxonomic problems iii the genera G. <) bars ( 1ST-S ■ placed the at the time monntypic Amnic’fiíOTú and are addressed, and current composition of the famib Omalogyridae is discussed Lists family as the onix member ol his new higher taxon ot curreutb recognized urna logy rid species in the Atlantic “Prionoglossa.” giving it eipial rank with other groups (Lean [including (lie Mediterranean Sea! are presented such as Tac il i ogl ossa and Ptenoglossa Jeffreys (1859a: km/ awf/.s Florida Levs Gastropoda, lower Hetenibramliia, thought these animals the onh surviving members of Ammoniet ra < hnalogyra, < »malogvrnidea, At lau iii < Uran, Svs- the otherwise extinct genus Euomphalus Sow vrhv. tematics LS14. F letter (194V showed in a detailed anatomical studx that Omalop/ra atomus (Philippi, IS II differs greatlv from tlie prosobrunchs with which it wax Ira 1NTRODIK T i ON ditiunalh placed. Omalogvrids have regained interest in recent vea is because of their presumed basal po­ The tarni)y Omalogyridae is a pourh known group of sition within the heterobnmchs ( llaszprunar, 1938 extremely small manne snails. Placed in their own su- Ponder, 1999, 1991). Their exact relationships remain perfainih < hualogvruidea thcv are < ■urn ■ 1111 \ c lassilied as uncertain; recent suggestions {Pandei. 199b; Pacaud members of the unresolved lower hete robra neb" gas­ <N Le Renard, 199b) to combine the Omalogyridaeu ; tropods (eg Haszprunar, 1988: Bicler, 1992 Healv, with several other families in a superfamih Architec­ 1993) Even the most basic taxonomic and distributional tonicoidea an not supported h\ anatomical data llea- mlormation is sketchx for this group, with most faimislu ly, 1993; Huber, 1993). studies missing or deliberateh omitting the usnalh less- At the nomenclatura! level certain confusion exists than-one-millimetcr sizt range of the adult shells fhe in the literature about the usage of gen us-group few' studies that have concentrated on this group have brought mam new species to our attention such as the nanu s such as Ammonicera versus Ammtniirerhw. and recent series of works with excellent scanning electron about the identity and authorship of Otnuiogyrtis rip e micrographs bv S lenis of omalogvrids in Papua New species, Guinea 11983) and in tlie Republic of Maldives 1985b), Tlie discovery of an Amtrumiccra species in the bv Palazzi (19SS) in the Mediterranean and Madeira, Florida Keys, representing the smallest gastropod and those bv Rolan in lire < ’ape Verdes ( 1991 ) and t luba know n m the United States, is here used to summarize ( 1992). W hether these areas are exceptional in their high existing data on Omalogyridae in the Atlantic Ocean species diversity ot omalogmds is doubtful, although it and to address additional taxonomic problems Page 2 Tí IE NAUTILUS, Vol. Ill No I \BBKEVI YTIONS USED ture. Prntoconch Figs 3—1 oí L3 whorls1 ; identical iii SEM but described as ' 3/4 whorl," bv Rolan. 1992), di­ A M N IL American Museum of Natural History. New ameter 126-135 pan, distinctively sculptured with nue York, U S A. major spiral cord at mid-whorl, reticulate sculpture pe­ BMNH Hie Natural I liston Museum, London Unit­ ripheral lo major cord and 3—1 smaller spin'll ridges cen­ ed K ingdom tral to major cord No distinction of a separate larval Field Museum ol Natural I listen, Chicago FMNH shell ( prntoconch II ). indicating the absence of a free USA. swimming lanai stage. Coiling near-planispiral. with M L P Museo de La Plata, Argentina si i glit initial hvperstrophv [compare Figs 3 and 4' Te- M N U N Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales. Ma­ leocoiich of about I 3 rounded whorls ( 1 1.5 whorls fide drid, Spain Rolan 1992 '. sculptured with prominent elongated axial MNHN Museo Nacional de Historia Natural Santiago, tuben les regularly spaced, equally sized, beginning im ­ C h ile mediately after prntoconch, nurnhrring 15 19 I I,‘3— 17 ZMB Zoologisches Museum, Humboldt Universität, fide Rolan 1992 ) on body whorl, fading to no axial sculp­ Berlin ( ¿crm me ture at the periphery Tubercles and spaces between M so Scanning Electron Micrograph with fine growth lines. Pcriphcn (Fig 6) uniformly rounded smooth except lor fine growth lines No dis­ RESULTS tinct spiral sculpture (but occasiuiudh with extremely iine lirus sec specimen in Fig. 1) Outer lip (Figs 1-2 F a m ih Omalogyridae (-,O Sars IS7S: 215 [as llo tn - thin, sharp, ending in a single plane perpendicular to the alogyridae] plant of coiling; aperture circular: columella without i ölten erroneoush credited to Fischer, 1385; c,g , Ab- folds or grooves. Head-loot (Figs, 7-8' translucent to hott, 1974) ru arb transparent Animal gliding rapid.lv on short loot, Genus Ammonicera Vavssière, 1-393 with blunt ven active propodium Shell held nearly v er­ Ammonicera minori alis Rolan, 1992 tical h as the snail crawls Transparent operculum on (Figures 1-8) hmdfoot semng as a support for the coil of the shell Omalogyra species.— Aokes and Yokes 1934 IOS figs 7. 7a Head with two finger-shaped tentacles, each held m an (SEM ). erect arch cuning toward the midhue; eves black near ¿Ammonicera ntinortali.s Bolán, 1992; 40 42 figs 10 11 Itcleo- basent tentacles Radula and internal anatium not stud concli 13, 15 i protoconch ) mil SI A li ied. H o lo typ e : (V1NCN 15.95/6794); shell diameter 9 35 Habitat: Animals not observed in situ, but collected mín; ripe locality; north ol Cuba. Baracoa; hnlotvpe from shallow subtidal rocks covered on one or several i nun 4 m depth. surfaces with vannus polychaete worm tubes, marine nl Tvpe material studied; 3 paratypus, AM N II 226459 gae sponges, tunicatus, and numerous other attached or (rom tvpe locality; free-living mollusks Diet unknown (but sec below ) Florida material studied: 2 F lori tia Keys specimens Remarks: Although the diet ot Aw/nmueerfl Minor­ collected and observed alive, one each from station 1 k- talis has not been confirmed, it is hkelv to feed on the 045 [Indian Ka \ Fill Mile Marker 79 Monroe Countv, variety of algal species growing in its subtidal rock hab­ 24°53'25"N, S9°4(V28"\V, G ulf side, rocks in 0,5-1 m itat. based on literature records on the habitat/diet ol am ong Tludassitif Halodule seagrasses, 29 September other Omalogyridae on Codium and Zostera (Omah>- 1996] and station FK-062 [Missouri Key, Mile Marker gyro aftnntts | as Euomphalus nitidissimus |— Jeffreys, 39.5. Monroe County, 24°19'29r'N. SÚ14'21 "W. Gulf 1859a, I359rir on Ulva lO, atomus — F re t 6 j, 1948); on side ol Missouri-Ohm Kr\ bridge subtidal rocks J4 linus (A rota — Nordsiech, 1972); ou I lia and Enter- April 1997 ! Also ernpri shells I roni sta Fk-949 [ Mis­ omorftlui (O atomus Fretter Graham 1978 Gra­ souri ke\ site as above, 12 March 1996], FM N H 279919 ham 1.988): ou Funis, Laminaria, Clad<>plu>rat Coralli­ il shell) FK-057 [Missouri site as above 26 Sep­ na, Cha i Ammonicera rota —Fretter Öc Graham» 1978); tember 1996], FM NH 279911 (19 shells inch SEM ma­ on Padina i Haw aiian A, japonica— Kav 1979); piercing terial), AM NH 288137 (5 shells). All localities wore lulls algal cells and sucking out the contents and depositing marine and w ere sampled b\ the authors b\ rock wash­ egg strands ou bases nl Cladophora ÍA rota /A fischer­ ing brushing and rinsing ol rock surfaces ) iana —Flam 1943 Graham 1983 un Halimeda {A ja- fUOtica and others— S leurs 1985a, 1985c t; on Zostera Distribution: Now known I rom north and south Cha.
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