Netherlands Orders of Battle and TO&Es 1980-1989 V3.3 by R Mark Davies for Battlefront: First Echelon

Netherlands Orders of Battle and TO&Es 1980-1989 v3.3 By R Mark Davies for Battlefront: First Echelon

Additional Models & Photos by Johan van Ooij and with enormous gratitude and credit to the superb Netherlands Order of Battle 1985 website created by Hans Boersma

(a) The main fighting strength of the Koninklijke Landmacht (Royal Army) of the Netherlands was grouped into I (NL) Corps, which was the Netherlands’ primary combat Royal Netherlands Army formation and was allocated to the left flank of NATO’s British-led Northern Army Group (NORTHAG) in West Germany. On its left was the Danish-German LANDJUT Command and on its right was the German I Corps. However, only one regular Mechanised Brigade of 4th I (NL) Corps (a) Infantry Division and the Corps HQ (plus some corps assets and other elements) were permanently deployed in West Germany. As a consequence, the German 3rd Panzer Division would be allocated in wartime from I (Ge) Corps in National Territorial Command order to plug the gap and give time for the Dutch to mobilise. However, the Dutch had a very efficient mobilisation system that could mobilise its reservists and deploy the entire Corps into Germany within a few days. In addition to I (NL) Corps, there was the National Territorial Marine Corps (b) Command assigned to home defence. BATTLEGROUP CWNL-16 (b) While the Marine Corps was roughly a brigade in 1st Marine Amphibious Combat Group strength, it was not organised, trained or expected to fight BATTLEGROUP CWNL-16 as a unified brigade. Instead, the bulk of the Marine Corps was divided into three ‘Amphibious Combat Groups’ 2nd Marine Amphibious Combat Group (battalions) and an independent Marine Infantry Company, BATTLEGROUP CWNL-16 designated ‘Whiskey’ Company. The 1st or 2nd Amphibious Combat Group, plus Whiskey Company (which was semi- 3rd Marine Amphibious Combat Group permanently assigned to the British 45 Royal Marine Commando), landing craft and naval assets would be ME CWNL-13 assigned to the British 3 Commando Brigade, forming the ‘Whiskey’ Company, Marine Corps ‘UK-NL Landing Group’. There were also other Marine companies assigned to warships, port security and anti- terrorism roles, which fall outside of the scope of these TO&Es. I (NL) Corps (a) x1 Lance Tactical Missile Battalion FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT CWNL-05 x5 SP Heavy Artillery Battalion (e) BATTLEGROUP CWNL-01 1st Infantry Division FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT CWNL-01 x1 SP Field Artillery Battalion BATTLEGROUP CWNL-03 FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT CWNL-03 11th Armoured Infantry Brigade x6 Field Artillery Battalion BATTLEGROUP CWNL-03 12th Armoured Infantry Brigade BATTLEGROUP CWWG-01 BATTLEGROUP CWNL-02 German 3rd Panzer Division (a) 13th Armoured Brigade

BATTLEGROUP CWNL-01 (a) Only one regular Mechanised Brigade of 4th Infantry Division and 4th Infantry Division the Corps HQ (plus some corps assets and other elements) were permanently deployed in West Germany. As a consequence, the BATTLEGROUP CWNL-02 German 3rd Panzer Division would be allocated in wartime from I (Ge) 41st Armoured Brigade Corps in order to plug the gap and give time for the Dutch to mobilise. However, the Dutch had a very efficient mobilisation system that could BATTLEGROUP CWNL-03 mobilise its reservists and deploy the entire Corps into Germany within 42nd Armoured Infantry Brigade a few days. BATTLEGROUP CWNL-03 (b) The 5th Division, the 101st Infantry Brigade and the 104th Artillery 43rd Armoured Infantry Brigade group were all-reservist formations that would be called up in wartime. The ‘regular’ formations also contained a proportion of reservists – typically one company per battalion (as a general rule of thumb). BATTLEGROUP CWNL-01 5th Infantry Division (b) (c) Initially there were x3 Reconnaissance Battalions (102nd, 103rd & 104th), with the fourth (105th Recce Battalion) being added in 1984. BATTLEGROUP CWNL-03 The 102nd and 105th were formed from reservists. Note that the 51st Armoured Infantry Brigade 105th lacked its tanks until 1985. BATTLEGROUP CWNL-03 (d) The 53rd Light Reconnaissance Battalion was primarily responsible 52nd Armoured Infantry Brigade for rear-area security and counter-Spetznaz/paratroop operations. It was disbanded in 1985, following the activation of the new 105th BATTLEGROUP CWNL-02 Reconnaissance Battalion. 53rd Armoured Brigade (e) One Heavy Artillery Regiment had only two half-sized batteries and was tasked solely with nuclear missions. BATTLEGROUP CWNL-04 101st Infantry Brigade (b) (f) All Air Defence Battalions were administratively grouped within the regimental-sized 101st Air Defence Group. The Armoured Air BATTLEGROUP CWNL-07 Defence Battalions (numbered 15th, 25th & 35th) would normally be x3 to x4 Reconnaissance Battalion (c) split into their constituent batteries (x3 per battalion), with each BATTLEGROUP CWNL-13 assigned to an Armoured or Mechanised Brigade. The batteries would then be broken down even further as attachments to battlegroups. Up to x1 Light Recce Battalion (d) BATTLEGROUP CWNL-12 (g) All Air Defence Battalions were administratively grouped within the regimental-sized 101st Air Defence Group. The Light Air Defence x7 Engineer Battalion Battalions (numbered 15th, 25th, 45th, 115th & 125th – x3 Batteries each) would be defending the rear areas. The 15th & 25th Light Air MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS Defence Battalions (not to be confused with the similarly-numbered Armoured Air Defence Battalions) were disbanded in 1983. ME CWNL-15 x9 Armoured Air Defence Battery (f) (h) The 104th Reconnaissance & Observation Company was a long- range ‘stay-behind’ special forces unit, tasked with sabotage and ME CWNL-16 reconnaissance behind enemy lines. x9 to x15 Light Air Defence Battery (g) (i) These Security Infantry Companies were tasked with defending the ME CWNL-17 nuclear-capable artillery units and nuclear munitions sites. x1 Reconnaissance & Observation Company (h)

ME CWNL-21 x2 Mobile Security Infantry Company (i)

ME CWNL-22 x2 Reserve Mobile Security Infantry Company (i) National Territorial Command

BATTLEGROUP CWNL-05 302nd Infantry Brigade (Territorial) BATTLEGROUP CWNL-05 304th Infantry Brigade (Territorial) BATTLEGROUP CWNL-17a North Holland Provincial Military Command BATTLEGROUP CWNL-17b South Holland Provincial Military Command BATTLEGROUP CWNL-17c Utrecht Provincial Military Command BATTLEGROUP CWNL-17d Zeeland Provincial Military Command BATTLEGROUP CWNL-17e Gelderland Provincial Military Command BATTLEGROUP CWNL-17f Overijssel Provincial Military Command BATTLEGROUP CWNL-17g North Brabant Provincial Military Command (a) These two Security Infantry Battalions were specifically BATTLEGROUP CWNL-17h tasked with guarding HQ AFCENT (323rd Bn) and Schipol Airport (327th Bn). Limburg Provincial Military Command BATTLEGROUP CWNL-17i (b) The 305th Commando Battalion was a light, mobile anti- Spetznaz unit. Its members were drawn from Commando- Friesland Provincial Military Command trained reservists who had served with the regular 104th BATTLEGROUP CWNL-17j Observation & Reconnaissance Company. Groningen Provincial Military Command (c) The four Territorial Engineer Battalions were grouped BATTLEGROUP CWNL-17k under the 460th Engineer Group, which also included two Drenthe Provincial Military Command Bridging Battalions and a unit of demolition divers known as the 901st Torpedo Company. BATTLEGROUP CWNL-14 (d) These Independent AA Platoons would be distributed to x2 Territorial Security Infantry Battalion (a) other units within the Territorial Command. BATTLEGROUP CWNL-15 x1 Territorial Commando Battalion (b) BATTLEGROUP CWNL-12 x4 Engineer Battalion (c)

MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS

ME CWNL-20 x3 Quad Anti-Aircraft MG Platoon (d) BATTLEGROUP CWNL-02 BATTLEGROUP CWNL-03 Armoured Brigade 1980s (a) Armoured Infantry Brigade 1980s Command Command HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 Transport Transport x1 M577 Command Vehicle CWNL-40 x1 M577 Command Vehicle CWNL-40

x3 Infantry (no MAW) CWNL-24 x3 Infantry (no MAW) CWNL-24

Transport Transport x1 DAF YA-4400 4-Ton Truck CWNL-48 x1 DAF YA-4400 4-Ton Truck CWNL-48 Transport Transport x1 Land Rover Light Utility (with MG) CWNL-41 x1 Land Rover Light Utility (with MG) CWNL-41

BATTLEGROUPS BATTLEGROUPS BG CWNL-06 BG CWNL-06 x2 Armoured Battalion (b) x1 Armoured Battalion (bc)

BG CWNL-09 BG CWNL-08 x1 Armoured Infantry Battalion (765) x2 Armoured Infantry Battalion (408) (a) Alternative: MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS BG CWNL-09 x2 Armoured Infantry Battalion (765) (a) ME CWNL-10 x1 Armoured Engineer Company MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS ME CWNL-04 ME CWNL-10 x1 Brigade Reconnaissance Platoon x1 Armoured Engineer Company FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENTS FSE CWNL-01 ME CWNL-09 x1 SP Field Artillery Battalion x1 Anti-Tank Company

(a) Note that some sources show a Brigade Anti-Tank Company. ME CWNL-04 However, while this was true for at least one Armoured Brigade in x1 Brigade Reconnaissance Platoon peacetime, they were actually allocated to the Armoured Infantry Brigades in wartime. FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENTS

(b) All Armoured Battalions of Armoured Brigades were equipped FSE CWNL-01 with Leopard 1NL (Leopard 1A1 in German terms) at the start of x1 SP Field Artillery Battalion the 1980s, being upgraded between 1981 and 1985 with Leopard 1-V (Leopard 1A1A1 equivalent). However, from 1985, the tanks (a) The Armoured Infantry Battalions of the 11th, 12th, 42nd, 51st of 41st Armoured Brigade were replaced with Leopard 2A4. and 52nd Armoured Infantry Brigades were equipped with YP-408 APCs. Those of the 43rd Armoured Infantry Brigade (as well as those of all three Armoured Brigades) were equipped with YPR-765 AIFVs. In 1987, the YP-408s were finally retired and all Armoured Infantry Battalions were then equipped with the YPR-765 AIFV.

(b) The Armoured Battalions of the 42nd, 52nd and 58th Armoured Infantry Brigades were still equipped with venerable Centurion Mk 5/2 tanks. In 1986 the 42nd Brigade upgraded to Leopard 2A4, while the other two upgraded to Leopard 1-V in 1987.

(c) Most Armoured Battalions started the 1980s equipped with Leopard 1NL tanks (Leopard 1A1 in German terms) and upgraded them to Leopard 1-V standard (Leopard 1A1A1 equivalent) between 1981 and 1985. However, Leopards of the 43rd and 53rd Armoured Infantry Brigades were upgraded to Leopard 2A4 from 1985 onward. BATTLEGROUP CWNL-04 Infantry Brigade 1980s Command HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 Transport x1 DAF YA-66 Light Utility Vehicle (a) CWNL-21

x3 Infantry (no MAW) CWNL-24

Transport x1 DAF YA-4400 4-Ton Truck CWNL-48 Transport x1 Land Rover Light Utility (with MG) CWNL-41

BATTLEGROUPS BG CWNL-10 x4 Infantry Battalion (b)

MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS

ME CWNL-11 BATTLEGROUP CWNL-06 x1 Engineer Company Armoured Battalion Command ME CWNL-04 x1 Leopard 1NL (1A1) 105mm MBT (abcde) CWNL-03 Up to x1 Brigade Reconnaissance Platoon (c) MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENTS ME CWNL-01 FSE CWNL-03 x3 or x4 Armoured Squadron (f) x1 Field Artillery Battalion ME CWNL-02 x1 Reconnaissance Platoon (a) From 1988: Replace DAF 66 with: M577 Command Vehicle CWNL-40 (a) The Armoured Battalions of the 42nd, 52nd and 53rd Brigades were still equipped with venerable Centurion Mk 5/2 tanks for the first (b) From 1988: Replace x2 Infantry Battalions with x2 half of the decade. Therefore, replace Leopard in these units with: Armoured Infantry Battalion (765) (BG CWNL-09). However, Centurion Mk 5/2 105mm Main Battle Tank CWNL-02 these battalions were only equipped with the YPR-765 PRI .50 variant and not the more heavily-armed YPR-765 PRI 25. (b) The Armoured Battalions of all other brigades were equipped with Leopard 1NL (Leopard 1A1 in German terms) at the start of the (c) I’m not certain that the 101st Brigade had a Brigade 1980s, being upgraded between 1981 and 1985 with: Reconnaissance Platoon, though it seems reasonably likely that Leopard 1-V 105mm Main Battle Tank CWNL-04 one would have been present following the 1988 upgrade. (c) From 1985, replace the Leopards of 41st, 43rd & 53rd Brigades with: Leopard 2A4 120mm Main Battle Tank CWNL-05 BATTLEGROUP CWNL-05 Territorial Infantry Brigade 1980s (d) In 1986, replace the Centurions of 42nd Brigade with: Leopard 2A4 120mm Main Battle Tank CWNL-05 Command HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 (e) In 1987, replace the Centurions of 52nd Brigade with: Transport Leopard 1-V 105mm Main Battle Tank CWNL-04 x1 DAF YA-66 Light Utility Vehicle CWNL-21 (f) All Armoured Battalions had x3 Armoured Squadrons until 1986, BATTLEGROUPS when the battalions of Armoured Infantry Brigades were expanded to x4 Squadrons after receiving their new tanks (Leopard 1-V or 2A4). BG CWNL-11 However, the 3rd & 4th Squadrons in these expanded battalions x4 Territorial Infantry Battalion were reduced in strength.

MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS

MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-19 x2 Territorial Light Reconnaissance Squadron

FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENTS FSE CWNL-07 x1 Territorial Field Artillery Battalion BATTLEGROUP CWNL-07 Reconnaissance Battalion Command/Recce x1 M113 C&V 25 Recce Vehicle (a) CWNL-15

MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS ME CWNL-03 x3 Reconnaissance Squadron

(a) All M113 C&V (‘Commando & Verkennings’) had been converted from .50 Cal to 25mm armament during the late 1970s.

BATTLEGROUP CWNL-09 BATTLEGROUP CWNL-08 Armoured Infantry Battalion (765) (a) Armoured Infantry Battalion (408) (a) Command Command HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 Transport Transport x1 YPR-765 PRCO-C1 Command Vehicle CWNL-11 x1 YP-408 PWCO Command Vehicle use CWNL-17 MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS ME CWNL-06 ME CWNL-05 x3 Armoured Infantry Company (765) x3 Armoured Infantry Company (408) ME CWNL-02 ME CWNL-02 x1 Reconnaissance Platoon x1 Reconnaissance Platoon ATTACHMENTS ATTACHMENTS Organic Fire Support Organic Fire Support x3 MO-120-RT 120mm Mortar (bc) CWNL-32 x3 MO-120-RT 120mm Mortar (b) CWNL-32 Transport Transport x3 YPR-765 PRMR Mortar Tractor CWNL-56 x3 YP-408 PWMT Mortar Tractor CWNL-59 x6 YPR-765 PRAT TOW ATGM Vehicle CWNL-13 x3 YP-408 PWAT TOW ATGM Vehicle CWNL-14 (a) The Armoured Infantry Battalions of the Armoured Brigades and (a) The Armoured Infantry Battalions of the 11th, 12th, 42nd, 51st & the 43rd Armoured Infantry Brigade were equipped with the tracked 52nd Armoured Infantry Brigades were equipped with YP-408 YPR-765 AIFV as their primary vehicle, having converted to YPR- wheeled APCs until 1987, when they were all converted to YPR- 765 from the venerable AMX-VTT during the period 1976-1980. 765 AIFVs and organised as per BG CWNL-09. The YP-408-equipped 11th, 12th, 42nd, 51st & 52nd Brigades followed suit in 1987, as did two lorried battalions of the 101st (b) Note that this is a towed weapon, not a self-propelled weapon Infantry Brigade in 1988. like the West German Panzermörser 120 or American M106. (b) Note that this is a towed weapon, not a self-propelled weapon like the West German M113 Panzermörser 120 or American M106.

(c) In the 101st Brigade from 1988, replace the 120mm Mortars and YPR-765 PRMR Mortar Tractors with: M30 107mm Mortar CWNL-46 M106 107mm Mortar Carrier CWNL-47 BATTLEGROUP CWNL-10 BATTLEGROUP CWNL-11 Infantry Battalion Territorial Infantry Battalion Command Command HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 Transport Transport x1 DAF YA-66 Light Utility Vehicle CWNL-21 x1 M38A1 ‘Nekaf’ Jeep (no MG) CWNL-42 MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS Recce x1 Territorial Infantry (no MAW) (a) CWNL-24 ME CWNL-07 Transport/Recce x3 Infantry Company x1 M38A1 ‘Nekaf’ Jeep (with MG) CWNL-42 ME CWNL-02 x1 Reconnaissance Platoon MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS ATTACHMENTS ME CWNL-08 x3 Territorial Infantry Company General Transport x6 DAF YA-328 3-Ton Truck (with MG) (e) CWNL-22 ATTACHMENTS Organic Fire Support x2 M30 107mm Mortar (b) CWNL-46 Organic Fire Support x4 M30 107mm Mortar CWNL-46 Transport x2 DAF YA-328 3-Ton Truck (with MG) (b) CWNL-22 Transport x4 DAF YA-126 Light Truck CWNL-51 x4 M40 106mm Recoilless Rifle (cd) CWNL-28 x4 Browning M1919A4 LMG (b) CWNL-52 Transport x4 M38A1 ‘Nekaf’ Jeep (d) CWNL-42 Transport x4 M38A1 ‘Nekaf’ Jeep (no MG) (b) CWNL-42 x4 FN MAG GPMG (e) CWNL-27 x4 M40 106mm Recoilless Rifle (b) CWNL-28 Transport x2 DAF YA-328 3-Ton Truck (with MG) (e) CWNL-22 Transport x4 M38A1 ‘Nekaf’ Jeep (no MG) (b) CWNL-42 (a) In 1988, the 101st Infantry Brigade was massively reorganised, with two battalions becoming armoured and the remaining two ‘leg’ (a) Territorial Infantry at this time were still armed with M1 Garand battalions being massively boosted with softskin transport and heavy rifles, Bren LMGs, Energa rifle-grenades and M20 Super- weaponry. Bazookas.

(b) In 1988, expand the Mortar Platoon to: (b) M1919A4 MGs and M40 Recoilless Rifles may be fired from x3 M30 107mm Mortar CWNL-46 their Jeeps when mounted. Note that the MG Jeeps are only x3 DAF YA-328 3-Ton Truck (with MG) CWNL-22 armed when the M1919A4 MGs are mounted.

(d) M40 Recoilless Rifles and TOW ATGMs may be fired from their Jeeps when mounted. BATTLEGROUP CWNL-12 (e) In 1988, delete the general transport trucks, the FN MAG GPMG Engineer Battalion Teams and their transport. Command HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 Transport x1 Land Rover Light Utility (no MG) CWNL-41 Recce x1 Combat Engineers CWNL-25 Transport/Recce x1 Land Rover Light Utility (with MG) CWNL-41

MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS ME CWNL-11 x3 Engineer Company BATTLEGROUP CWNL-13 Light Reconnaissance Battalion

Command/Recce HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 Transport/Recce x1 M38A1 ‘Nekaf’ Jeep (no MG) CWNL-42

MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS ME CWNL-12 x3 Light Reconnaissance Squadron

BATTLEGROUP CWNL-14 Territorial Security Infantry Battalion (d) Command HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 Transport x1 M38A1 ‘Nekaf’ Jeep (no MG) CWNL-42 Recce BATTLEGROUP CWNL-15 x1 Territorial Infantry (no MAW) (ae) CWNL-24 Territorial Commando Battalion (a) Transport/Recce x1 M38A1 ‘Nekaf’ Jeep (with MG) CWNL-42 Command/Recce HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS Transport/Recce x1 M38A1 ‘Nekaf’ Jeep (no MG) CWNL-42 ME CWNL-24 x3 Territorial Heavy Security Infantry Company MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS ATTACHMENTS ME CWNL-27 x3 Territorial Commando Company x6 Browning M1919A4 LMG (bc) CWNL-52 (a) The 305th Commando Battalion was a light, mobile anti- Transport Spetznaz unit, which provided the National Territorial Command x6 M38A1 ‘Nekaf’ Jeep (no MG) (bc) CWNL-42 with a mobile reserve. Its members were drawn from Commando-trained reservists who had served with the regular x6 M38A1 ‘Nekaf’ Jeep (with MG) (c) CWNL-42 104th Observation & Reconnaissance Company.

x4 M40 106mm Recoilless Rifle (b) CWNL-28

Transport x4 M38A1 ‘Nekaf’ Jeep (no MG) (b) CWNL-42

(a) Territorial Infantry at this time were still armed with M1 Garand rifles, Bren LMGs, Energa rifle-grenades and M20 Super- Bazookas.

(b) M1919A4 MGs and M40 Recoilless Rifles may be fired from their Jeeps when mounted. Note that the MG Jeeps are only armed when the M1919A4 LMGs are mounted.

(c) Note that while the battalion organisation had x12 Jeep- mounted Browning M1919A4 LMGs, there were only sufficient tripods to dismount x6 of them.

(d) There were three such battalions: 323 Battalion reported directly to National Territorial Command and was tasked with defending HQ AFCENT. 324 Battalion reported to the South Holland Territorial Command and was tasked with defending Zestienhoven Airport. 327 Battalion reported directly to National Territorial Command and was tasked with defending Schipol Airport. All had the secondary role of providing a general infantry reserve for front-line units and formations.

(e) In 323 Battalion, replace Territorial Infantry with: Infantry CWNL-24 BATTLEGROUP CWNL-16 Marine Amphibious Combat Group (abc) Command HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 Transport x1 Land Rover Light Utility (no MG) CWNL-41 Alternative Arctic Transport x1 Bv-202 Arctic Warfare Carrier (no MG) CWNL-18 Recce x1 Special Forces Patrol (d) CWNL-44

MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS

ME CWNL-13 x4 Marine Infantry Company (c)

ME CWNL-14 x1 Marine Reconnaissance Platoon (c)

ATTACHMENTS (c)

General-Purpose Transport x6 DAF YA-4400 4-Ton Truck CWNL-48 Alternative Arctic Transport x10 Bv-202 Arctic Warfare Carrier (no MG) CWNL-18 (a) The 1st Marine Amphibious Combat Group was assigned to join Organic Fire Support the UK 3 Commando Brigade (thus forming the ‘UK-NL Landing x3 81mm Mortar CWNL-31 Force’) in any ‘Northern Option’ assignment. The deployment of this force to Norway was seen as the most likely war-role and was Transport one that both the Netherlands Marines and British Commandos x3 Land Rover Light Utility (no MG) CWNL-41 trained for intensively. As a consequence, the 1st Amphibious Alternative Arctic Transport Combat Group had large stocks of Arctic warfare equipment x3 Bv-202 Arctic Warfare Carrier (no MG) CWNL-18 (including all the Bv-202s) pre-positioned in Norway.

x9 M47 Dragon ATGM Team CWNL-43 (b) In peacetime, the main portion of the 2nd Marine Amphibious Combat Group was mainly stationed in the Netherlands Antilles. In Transport wartime, it would be relieved by the reservist 3rd Amphibious x9 Land Rover Light Utility (no MG) CWNL-41 Combat Group and would become the ‘Southern Option’ contingent Alternative Arctic Transport for any operations by the UK-NL Landing Force in temperate or x3 Bv-202 Arctic Warfare Carrier (no MG) CWNL-18 tropical waters.

Up to x2 Stinger SAM Team (e) CWNL-33 (c) As discussed above, the 3rd Amphibious Combat Group would become the garrison force for the Netherlands Antilles during the Transport build-up to war, thereby relieving the 2nd Amphibious Group in that x2 Land Rover Light Utility (no MG) CWNL-41 role. However, the 3rd Combat Group was considerably weaker, Alternative Arctic Transport having only x3 Marine Infantry Companies and no Support x2 Bv-202 Arctic Warfare Carrier (no MG) CWNL-18 Company, so no Recce Platoon or combat support attachments. The bulk of the Group was formed from reservists. x1 Combat Engineers CWNL-25 (d) The ‘Amphibious Section’ was the élite special forces element Transport of the Marine Corps, assigned to covert recce, sabotage and x1 Land Rover Light Utility (no MG) CWNL-41 maritime counter-terrorism. The Section was normally split into Alternative Arctic Transport three small ‘Amphibious Groups’, each of just six men, with each x1 Bv-202 Arctic Warfare Carrier (no MG) CWNL-18 being assigned to a different Marine Amphibious Combat Group. The 1st Group was assigned to the 2nd Combat Group, while the 2nd Group was assigned to the 3rd Combat Group. The 3rd Group meanwhile, was assigned to the 1st Combat Group and was also affiliated to the British SBS, being also known as ‘7 (NL) SBS’.

(e) Stinger is only available from 1985 onward. BATTLEGROUP CWNL-17a BATTLEGROUP CWNL-17c North Holland Provincial Military Command Utrecht Provincial Military Command

Command Command HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 Transport Transport x1 DAF YA-66 Light Utility Vehicle CWNL-21 x1 DAF YA-66 Light Utility Vehicle CWNL-21 National Reserve Corps Company HQs National Reserve Corps Company HQs HQ x2 Commander (a) CWNL-23 HQ x2 Commander (a) CWNL-23 MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS

ME CWNL-23 ME CWNL-23 x1 Territorial Mobile Security Infantry Company x1 Territorial Mobile Security Infantry Company

ME CWNL-24 ME CWNL-25 x1 Territorial Heavy Security Infantry Company x2 Territorial Security Infantry Company

ME CWNL-25 ME CWNL-26 x3 Territorial Security Infantry Company x2 Territorial Light Security Infantry Company

ME CWNL-26 ME CWNL-28 x3 Territorial Light Security Infantry Company x8 National Reserve Infantry Platoon (a)

ME CWNL-28 x11 National Reserve Infantry Platoon (a)

BATTLEGROUP CWNL-17d Zeeland Provincial Military Command

BATTLEGROUP CWNL-17b Command South Holland Provincial Military Command HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 Transport Command x1 DAF YA-66 Light Utility Vehicle CWNL-21 HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 National Reserve Corps Company HQs Transport HQ x2 Commander (a) CWNL-23 x1 DAF YA-66 Light Utility Vehicle CWNL-21 National Reserve Corps Company HQs MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS HQ x3 Commander (a) CWNL-23 ME CWNL-25 BATTLEGROUPS x1 Territorial Security Infantry Company BG CWNL-14 ME CWNL-26 x2 Territorial Light Security Infantry Company x1 Territorial Security Infantry Battalion (b) ME CWNL-28 MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS x10 National Reserve Infantry Platoon (a) ME CWNL-23 x1 Territorial Mobile Security Infantry Company

ME CWNL-24 x1 Territorial Heavy Security Infantry Company (a) The National Reserve Infantry Platoons would be assigned to ME CWNL-25 National Reserve Company HQs to form company-sized MEs as x5 Territorial Security Infantry Company required. Alternatively, they could be assigned to one of the Security Infantry Company MEs, or could remain as independent ME CWNL-26 platoons, reporting directly to the Command HQ. x4 Territorial Light Security Infantry Company (b) 324 Security Infantry Battalion was tasked with defending ME CWNL-28 Zestienhoven Airport. It also had the secondary role of providing x28 National Reserve Infantry Platoon (a) a general infantry reserve for front-line units and formations. BATTLEGROUP CWNL-17e BATTLEGROUP CWNL-17g Gelderland Provincial Military Command North Brabant Provincial Military Command

Command Command HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 Transport Transport x1 DAF YA-66 Light Utility Vehicle CWNL-21 x1 DAF YA-66 Light Utility Vehicle CWNL-21 National Reserve Corps Company HQs National Reserve Corps Company HQs HQ x2 Commander (a) CWNL-23 HQ x5 Commander (a) CWNL-23 MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS

ME CWNL-23 ME CWNL-23 x1 Territorial Mobile Security Infantry Company x2 Territorial Mobile Security Infantry Company

ME CWNL-24 ME CWNL-24 x2 Territorial Heavy Security Infantry Company x1 Territorial Heavy Security Infantry Company

ME CWNL-25 ME CWNL-25 x3 Territorial Security Infantry Company x1 Territorial Security Infantry Company

ME CWNL-26 ME CWNL-26 x2 Territorial Light Security Infantry Company x3 Territorial Light Security Infantry Company

ME CWNL-28 ME CWNL-28 x14 National Reserve Infantry Platoon (a) x23 National Reserve Infantry Platoon (a)

BATTLEGROUP CWNL-17f BATTLEGROUP CWNL-17h Overijssel Provincial Military Command Limburg Provincial Military Command

ME CWNL-23 ME CWNL-23 x1 Territorial Mobile Security Infantry Company x1 Territorial Mobile Security Infantry Company

ME CWNL-24 ME CWNL-24 x1 Territorial Heavy Security Infantry Company x2 Territorial Heavy Security Infantry Company

ME CWNL-26 ME CWNL-25 x2 Territorial Light Security Infantry Company x1 Territorial Security Infantry Company

ME CWNL-28 ME CWNL-26 x13 National Reserve Infantry Platoon (a) x1 Territorial Light Security Infantry Company

ME CWNL-28 x12 National Reserve Infantry Platoon (a)

(a) The National Reserve Infantry Platoons would be assigned to National Reserve Company HQs to form company-sized MEs as required. Alternatively, they could be assigned to one of the Security Infantry Company MEs, or could remain as independent platoons, reporting directly to the Command HQ. BATTLEGROUP CWNL-17i Friesland Provincial Military Command

Command HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 Transport x1 DAF YA-66 Light Utility Vehicle CWNL-21 National Reserve Corps Company HQs HQ x1 Commander (a) CWNL-23 MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS

ME CWNL-26 x1 Territorial Light Security Infantry Company

ME CWNL-28 x8 National Reserve Infantry Platoon (a)

BATTLEGROUP CWNL-17j BATTLEGROUP CWNL-17k Groningen Provincial Military Command Drenthe Provincial Military Command

Command Command HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 Transport Transport x1 DAF YA-66 Light Utility Vehicle CWNL-21 x1 DAF YA-66 Light Utility Vehicle CWNL-21 National Reserve Corps Company HQs National Reserve Corps Company HQs HQ x2 Commander (a) CWNL-23 HQ x1 Commander (a) CWNL-23 MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS MANOEUVRE ELEMENTS

ME CWNL-26 ME CWNL-23 x1 Territorial Light Security Infantry Company x1 Territorial Mobile Security Infantry Company

ME CWNL-28 ME CWNL-26 x9 National Reserve Infantry Platoon (a) x1 Territorial Light Security Infantry Company

ME CWNL-28 (a) The National Reserve Infantry Platoons would be assigned to x5 National Reserve Infantry Platoon (a) National Reserve Company HQs to form company-sized MEs as required. Alternatively, they could be assigned to one of the Security Infantry Company MEs, or could remain as independent platoons, reporting directly to the Command HQ. MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-01 MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-03 Armoured Squadron (fgh) Reconnaissance Squadron (a) Command Command/Recce x1 Leopard 1NL (1A1) 105mm MBT (abcde) CWNL-03 x1 M113 C&V 25 Recce Vehicle CWNL-15 Recce x6 Leopard 1NL (1A1) 105mm MBT (abcde) CWNL-03 x6 M113 C&V 25 Recce Vehicle (a) CWNL-15 Recce (a) The Armoured Battalions of the 42nd, 52nd and 53rd Brigades x3 AMX-13/105 105mm Light Tank (abcde) CWNL-01 were still equipped with venerable Centurion Mk 5/2 tanks for the first half of the decade. Therefore, replace Leopard in these units with: Recce Centurion Mk 5/2 105mm Main Battle Tank CWNL-02 x3 Infantry (1 MAW) CWNL-24 Transport/Recce (b) The Armoured Battalions of all other brigades were equipped with x1 M113 Armoured Personnel Carrier CWNL-16 Leopard 1NL (Leopard 1A1 in German terms) at the start of the Recce 1980s, being upgraded between 1981 and 1985 with: x1 M113 APC with GSR use CWNL-16 Leopard 1-V 105mm Main Battle Tank CWNL-04 Organic Fire Support (c) From 1985, replace the Leopards of 41st & 43rd Brigades and x1 M30 107mm Mortar CWNL-46 the Centurions of 53rd Brigade with: Transport/Recce Leopard 2A4 120mm Main Battle Tank CWNL-05 x1 M106 107mm Mortar Carrier CWNL-47

(d) In 1986, replace the Centurions of 42nd Brigade with: (a) The Squadron may alternatively be deployed as x3 platoon- Leopard 2A4 120mm Main Battle Tank CWNL-05 sized MEs of x2 M113 C&V 25 and x1 Tank. Designate one M113 C&V 25 in each platoon as the ME Commander. (e) In 1987, replace the Centurions of 52nd Brigade with: Leopard 1-V 105mm Main Battle Tank CWNL-04 (b) Sources differ, though it would appear that at least some units persisted with AMX-13/105 Light Tanks into the early 1980s. There (f) With the arrival of the new Leopard 1-V and 2A4 tanks, the was a plan in the late 70s/early 80s to replace them with YPR-765 Armoured Battalions went through a reorganisation as they received PRAT tank-destroyers, though this plan doesn’t seem to have been the new equipment. May therefore increase the strength of the implemented, as the Reconnaissance Regiments were soon Armoured Company to x8 tanks total. (g) employing main battle tanks in this slot. May therefore replace the AMX-13/105 Light Tanks in the early 1980s with: (g) Where an Armoured Battalion has x4 Armoured Squadrons, the Leopard 1NL (1A1) 105mm Main Battle Tank (c) CWNL-03 3rd and 4th Squadrons will be of reduced strength (x6 tanks total). (c) The 102nd and 104th Reconnaissance Battalions had a very (h) May alternatively deploy the squadron as three or four platoon- slow programme of tank-upgrades, with roughly one squadron sized MEs, each of x2 tanks. Designate one tank in each platoon as being upgraded every six months from 1985-87. May therefore the Platoon Commander. replace the tanks in these battalions with: Leopard 1-V 105mm Main Battle Tank CWNL-04

(d) In 1985, replace tanks in 103rd Reconnaissance Battalion with: Leopard 2A4 120mm Main Battle Tank CWNL-05

(e) The 105th Reconnaissance Battalion was activated in 1984 MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-02 without any tanks at all. However, tanks were finally delivered in 1985, so add: Reconnaissance Platoon (a) Leopard 2A4 120mm Main Battle Tank CWNL-05 Command/Recce x1 Infantry (no MAW) CWNL-24 Recce x2 Infantry (no MAW) CWNL-24 Transport/Recce x3 Land Rover (with MG) CWNL-41 Recce x1 YP-408 PWRDR GSR Vehicle (ab) CWNL-58

(a) Replace YP-408 GSR vehicle in Armoured Battalions and YPR- 765-equipped Armoured Infantry Battalions with: YPR-765 PRRDR GSR Vehicle CWNL-57

(b) Replace YP-408 GSR vehicle in Infantry Battalions with: M38A1 ‘Nekaf’ Jeep with GSR use CWNL-42 MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-04 MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-07 Brigade Reconnaissance Platoon Infantry Company (ab) Command/Recce Command x1 Infantry (MAW) CWNL-24 HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 Transport/Recce x1 M113A1 Armoured Personnel Carrier CWNL-16 x9 Infantry (4 MAW) CWNL-24 Recce x3 M113 C&V 25 Recce Vehicle CWNL-15 x3 FN MAG GPMG CWNL-27 Organic Fire Support x1 M1/M29 81mm Mortar CWNL-31

(a) In 1988, these units were massively reorganised, with the following units added: x3 FN MAG GPMG CWNL-27 x2 M40 106mm Recoilless Rifle (b) CWNL-28 x5 DAF 328 3-Ton Truck (with MG) CWNL-22 MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-05 x3 M38A1 ‘Nekaf’ Jeep (b) CWNL-42 Armoured Infantry Company (408) (b) M40 Recoilless Rifles may be fired from their Jeeps when Command mounted. HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23

x9 Infantry (3 MAW) CWNL-24

x3 M47 Dragon ATGM Team CWNL-43

x1 FN MAG GPMG CWNL-27

Transport x7 YP-408 PWI-S APC CWNL-17

MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-06 Armoured Infantry Company (765) Command HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23

x9 Infantry (3 MAW) CWNL-24

x3 M47 Dragon ATGM Team (c) CWNL-43

x1 FN MAG GPMG CWNL-27 Transport MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-08 x7 YPR-765 PRI 25 AIFV (ab) CWNL-09 Territorial Infantry Company (a) In 101st Infantry Brigade; replace YPR-765 PRI 25 transports Command with: HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 YPR-765 PRI .50 AIFV (e) CWNL-10 x9 Territorial Infantry (1 Carl Gustav MAW) CWNL-49 (b) Some sources describe a 50/50 mix of 25mm & .50 Cal-armed vehicles, though the official TOEs suggest a 100% issue of 25mm x1 Bren AAMG Team CWNL-50 in most brigades, with the .50s going to 101st Brigade.

(c) In 101st Brigade; Delete all M47 Dragon ATGM Teams and add the following units: x2 M40 106mm Recoilless Rifle (d) CWNL-28 x2 M38A1 ‘Nekaf’ Jeep (d) CWNL-42

(d) M40 Recoilless Rifles may be fired from their Jeeps when mounted.

(e) The YPR-765 .50 was fitted with the standard M113 cupola, but was frequently also fitted with an M113 ACAV cupola armour kit. MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-09 Anti-Tank Company (b) Command x1 YPR-765 PRAT TOW ATGM Vehicle (a) CWNL-13

x11 YPR-765 PRAT TOW ATGM Vehicle (a) CWNL-13

(a) Early 1980s: Some units were still equipped with obsolete vehicles. May therefore replace some or all YPR-765 PRAT in the unit with: AMX-13/105 105mm Light Tank CWNL-01 AMX-VTT TOW ATGM Vehicle CWNL-12

(b) May alternatively be deployed as x6 platoon-sized MEs, each of x2 vehicles. Designate one vehicle in each platoon as the Platoon Commander. MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-11 Engineer Company Command HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 Transport MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-10 x1 Land Rover Light Utility (no MG) CWNL-41 Armoured Engineer Company x9 Combat Engineers CWNL-25 Command HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 Transport x3 DAF YA-4400 4-Ton Truck CWNL-48 x9 Combat Engineers CWNL-25

Transport x4 M113A1 Armoured Personnel Carrier CWNL-16

x1 Pionierpanzer Leopard CWNL-06 MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-12 Light Reconnaissance Company x1 Biber AVLB CWNL-07 Command/Recce Recce HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 x1 Combat Engineers CWNL-25 Transport/Recce Transport/Recce x1 M38A1 ‘Nekaf’ Jeep (no MG) CWNL-42 x1 M113A1 Armoured Personnel Carrier CWNL-16 Recce x6 Infantry (1 MAW) CWNL-24 Transport/Recce x6 M38A1 ‘Nekaf’ Jeep (with MG) CWNL-42

MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-13 Marine Infantry Company (ab) Command HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23

x9 Marine Infantry (1 MAW) CWNL-26

x3 FN MAG GPMG CWNL-27

Organic Fire Support x1 M19 60mm Mortar CWNL-31

(a) In the independent ‘Whiskey Company’ (attached to the British 45 RM Commando), add: x1 M47 Dragon ATGM Team CWNL-43

(b) In 3rd Amphibious Combat Group (in the Dutch Antilles), add: x1 M1/M29 81mm Mortar CWNL-31 MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-16 Light Air Defence Company (a) Command HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 Transport x1 Land Rover Light Utility (with MG) CWNL-41

x1 M55 Quad .30 Cal AAMG CWNL-45

Transport x1 DAF YA-328 3-Ton Truck CWNL-22

x2 Bofors L70 40mm Antiaircraft Gun CWNL-19

Transport x2 DAF YA-4400 4-Ton Truck CWNL-48

(a) The Company may alternatively be split up as individual unit attachments to other BGs or MEs.

MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-17 Reconnaissance & Observation Company (ab) MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-14 Command/Recce Marine Reconnaissance Platoon HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 Transport/Recce Command/Recce x1 Land Rover Light Utility (with MG) CWNL-41 x1 Marine Infantry (no MAW) CWNL-26 Recce Recce x27 Special Forces Patrol (b) CWNL-44 x2 Marine Infantry (1 MAW) CWNL-26 Transport Recce x6 DAF YA-4400 4-Ton Truck CWNL-48 x1 FN MAG GPMG CWNL-27 Transport/Recce x4 Land Rover Light Utility (with MG) (a) CWNL-41 (a) The 104th Observation & Reconnaissance Company was I (NL) Corps’ Long-Range Reconnaissance Patrols (LRRP) element. As (a) In Norway, may replace all transport with: such and in common with other similar LRRP units in NATO x1 Bv-202 Arctic Warfare Tracked Carrier CWNL-36 formations, its main duties in the event of a major war with the NB This is insufficient transport to mount the whole unit – the Warsaw Pact was to conduct long-range ‘stay-behind’ remainder are towed behind the Bv-202 on skis. reconnaissance and sabotage behind enemy lines, once Warsaw Pact formations had rolled past.

MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-15 (b) The company may be split into x3 Platoon-Sized MEs, each of x9 4-man Special Forces Patrols. Designate one patrol in each Armoured Air Defence Company (ac) Platoon as the Platoon Commander. Alternatively, the platoons Command may be split into even smaller MEs as the situation requires. HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 Transport x1 YPR-765 PRCO-C4 Command Vehicle (d) CWNL-11

x3 PRTL Twin 35mm AA Vehicle (b) CWNL-08 MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-18 (a) Mid-1980s: Add the following: RNLAF Guided Weapons Squadron x3 Stinger SAM Team CWNL-33 x3 Land Rover Light Utility Vehicle (no MG) CWNL-41 Command HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 (b) The PRTL is a Dutch variant of the West German Flakpanzer Transport Gepard. The only significant visual difference between the two is x1 DAF YA-66 Light Utility Vehicle CWNL-21 that the PRTL has a maritime-style ‘bar’ radar antenna instead of the Gepard’s distinctive dish antenna. x3 I-Hawk SAM CWNL-20

(c) The Company may alternatively be split up as individual unit Transport attachments to other BGs or MEs. x3 DAF YA-4400 4-Ton Truck CWNL-48

(d) Modelling note: The YPR-765 PRCO-C4 was fitted with a standard M113 cupola. MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-19 MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-22 Territorial Light Reconnaissance Squadron Reserve Mobile Security Infantry Company Command/Recce Command HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 Transport/Recce Transport x1 M38A1 ‘Nekaf’ Jeep (no MG) CWNL-42 x1 YA-126 Light Truck (no MG) CWNL-51 Recce x6 Territorial Infantry (1 M20 Bazooka) CWNL-49 x16 Territorial Infantry (2 M20 Bazooka) (a) CWNL-24 Transport/Recce Transport x6 M38A1 ‘Nekaf’ Jeep (with MG) CWNL-42 x16 YA-126 Light Truck (no MG) (a) CWNL-51

(a) DAF YA-126 Light Trucks are armed with MGs when Infantry are mounted. MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-20 Quad Anti-Aircraft Machine Gun Platoon (a) Command MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-23 HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 Territorial Mobile Security Infantry Company Transport x1 M38A1 ‘Nekaf’ Jeep (no MG) CWNL-42 Command HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 x6 M55 Quad .30 Cal AAMG (b) CWNL-45 Transport x1 M38A1 ‘Nekaf’ Jeep (no MG) CWNL-42 Transport x3 DAF YA-328 3-Ton Truck (b) CWNL-22 x12 Territorial Infantry (2 M20 Bazooka) CWNL-24

(a) The Platoon may alternatively be split up as individual unit x1 Bren AAMG Team CWNL-50 attachments to other BGs or MEs. Transport (b) Each YA-328 truck carries x2 M55 Quad AAMGs. x4 DAF YA-328 3-Ton Truck CWNL-22

MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-21 Mobile Security Infantry Company MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-24 Command Territorial Heavy Security Infantry Company HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 Command Transport HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 x1 Land Rover Light Utility (no MG) CWNL-41 x9 Territorial Infantry (1 M20 Bazooka) (a) CWNL-49 x16 Infantry (no MAW) (ab) CWNL-24 x1 Bren AAMG Team CWNL-50 Transport x16 Land Rover Light Utility (no MG) (a) CWNL-41 Organic Fire Support x1 M1/M29 81mm Mortar CWNL-31 (a) Land Rovers are armed with MGs when Infantry are mounted. (a) In the 323 Security Infantry Battalion: Replace Territorial (b) May replace up to x4 Infantry with: Infantry with: 2-inch Mortar Team CWNL-54 Infantry (1 Carl Gustav MAW) CWNL-24

MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-25 Territorial Security Infantry Company Command HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23

x12 Territorial Infantry (2 M20 Bazooka) CWNL-49

x2 Bren AAMG Team CWNL-50 MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-26 Territorial Light Security Infantry Company Command HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23

x9 Territorial Infantry (1 M20 Bazooka) (a) CWNL-49

x1 Bren AAMG Team CWNL-50

MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-27 Territorial Commando Company Command/Recce HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 Transport/Recce x1 M38A1 ‘Nekaf’ Jeep (no MG) CWNL-42 Recce x9 Commando Bren/Sniper Group CWNL-53 Transport/Recce x3 DAF YA-328 3-Ton Truck CWNL-22

MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-29 MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-28 RNLAF Airfield Defence Squadron National Reserve Infantry Platoon (a) Command Command HQ x1 Commander CWNL-23 x1 Territorial Infantry (no MAW) CWNL-49 Transport x2 Territorial Infantry (0-1 M20 Bazooka) (b) CWNL-49 x1 DAF YA-66 Light Utility Vehicle CWNL-21

x1 I-Hawk SAM CWNL-20 (a) These platoons might alternatively be grouped with other such platoons to form a single ME under the command of a National Reserve Company HQ, or might be attached to a Security Infantry x3 Bofors L70 40mm Anti-Aircraft Gun CWNL-19 Company ME. Alternatively, they might remain as independent Transport platoons, as shown here. x4 DAF YA-4400 4-Ton Truck CWNL-48 (b) Allocate x1 M20 Bazooka for every three Platoons present (round up fractions). FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT CWNL-01 FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT CWNL-05 SP Field Artillery Battalion SP Heavy Artillery Battalion (b) FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT CWNL-02 FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT CWNL-06 x3 SP Field Artillery Battery x3 SP Heavy Artillery Battery (b) On-Table Attachment Fire Support x3 Forward Observer (b) CWNL-34 x2 M107 SP 175mm Howitzer (ab) Transport/Recce x3 YPR-765 PRCO-C5 OP Vehicle (c)CWNL-55 (a) One Heavy Artillery Regiment was equipped instead with M110A2 SP 203mm Howitzers and was nuclear-roled. This unit Fire Support had only x2 Batteries, each with x1 M110A2 and was tasked x3 M109 SP 155mm Howitzer (a) solely with nuclear missions.

(a) Some reservist units (such as those in 5th Infantry Division) (b) In 1986: Replace all remaining M107 SP 175mm Howitzers persisted in using AMX 105mm Model A self-propelled howitzers with M110A2 SP 203mm Howitzers. well into the 1980s, before these were finally replaced with M109.

(b) There were enough FOs in the battalion for each Armoured Squadron and Armoured Infantry Company ME in the Brigade to have its own dedicated FO.

(c) Modelling note: The YPR-765 PRCO-C5 Forward Observation Vehicle was fitted with a standard M113 cupola, NOT the larger M26 cupola as shown on the Team Yankee model, so use spare M113 cupolas instead (The YPR-765 PRCO-C2 Battery Command Vehicle used the M26 cupola).

FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT CWNL-03 Field Artillery Battalion FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT CWNL-04 x4 Field Artillery Battery On-Table Attachment x1 Forward Observer (a) CWNL-34 Transport/Recce x1 Land Rover Light Utility (a) CWNL-41 Fire Support FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT CWNL-07 x3 M114 or M198 155mm Howitzer Territorial Field Artillery Battalion (a) In 101st Infantry Brigade, increase to x3 FOs per Battery. FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT CWNL-08 x3 Territorial Field Artillery Battery On-Table Attachment x4 Forward Observer (a) CWNL-34 Transport/Recce x4 Land Rover Light Utility (a) CWNL-41 Fire Support x3 M101 105mm Howitzer

(a) There were enough FOs in the battalion for each Territorial Infantry Company ME in the Brigade to have its own dedicated FO. Royal Netherlands Air Force, 1980s

Note that all RNLAF fast jet squadrons converted to F-16A Fighting Falcon (CWNL-38) during the period 1980-1991. I have therefore noted the year in which they converted to F-16 next to each squadron listing below:

306 Squadron – x9 F-104G Starfighter (1983) CWNL-39

311 Squadron – x9 F-104G Starfighter (1982) CWNL-39

312 Squadron – x9 F-104G Starfighter (1985) CWNL-39

313 Squadron – x9 NF-5A Freedom Fighter (1988) CWNL-37

314 Squadron – x9 NF-5A Freedom Fighter (1991) CWNL-37

315 Squadron – x9 NF-5A Freedom Fighter (1987) CWNL-37

316 Squadron – x9 NF-5A Freedom Fighter (1991) CWNL-37

322 Squadron – x9 F-104G Starfighter (1980) CWNL-39

323 Squadron – x9 F-104G Starfighter (1981) CWNL-39

Each battalion-sized battlegroup should have at least one FAC attached (CWNL-34), mounted in transport of a type appropriate to the unit (e.g. YP- 408, M113, YPR-765 PRCO, Bv-202, M38A1 ‘Nekaf’ Jeep or Land Rover). There was no specific FAC vehicle. RNLAF Light Aviation Group

298 Squadron

x12 Alouette III Scout Helicopter CWNL-35

299 Squadron RNLAF 3rd Guided Weapons Group

x15 Bo-105 CB Scout Helicopter CWNL-36 MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-18 x4 RNLAF Guided Weapons Squadron

300 Squadron

x9 Alouette III Scout Helicopter CWNL-35 RNLAF 5th Guided Weapons Group

MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-18 302 Squadron (Training) x4 RNLAF Guided Weapons Squadron

x9 Alouette III Scout Helicopter CWNL-35

RNLAF Airfield Defence Group 303 Squadron (Search & Rescue) MANOEUVRE ELEMENT CWNL-29 x6 Alouette III Scout Helicopter CWNL-35 x7 RNLAF Airfield Defence Squadron Netherlands Card List & Model Availability

(Annotations ‘QRF’ = QRF Models/LKM Direct, ‘SOG’ = Skytrex/Old Glory, ‘PP’ = Peter Pig, ‘FoW’ = Battlefront/Flames of War. ‘RMM’ = Roskopf Miniatur Modele, ‘AiM’ = Armaments in Miniature, ‘PSC’ = Plastic Soldier Company, ‘BPM’ = Butler’s Printed Models)

CWNL-01 – AMX-13/105 105mm Light Tank/Tank Destroyer QRF, BPM CWNL-02 – Centurion Mk 5/2 105mm Main Battle Tank QRF, PP, FoW, RMM, BPM CWNL-03 – Leopard 1NL (1A1) 105mm Main Battle Tank RMM, QRF, PSC, BPM CWNL-04 – Leopard 1-V 105mm Main Battle Tank RMM, QRF, FoW, BPM CWNL-05 – Leopard 2A4 120mm Main Battle Tank QRF, RMM, FoW, BPM CWNL-06 – Pionierpanzer Leopard CWNL-07 – Biber AVLB RMM CWNL-08 – PRTL Twin 35mm Antiaircraft Vehicle QRF, FoW, BPM CWNL-09 – YPR-765 PRI 25mm Infantry Combat Vehicle QRF, PSC, FoW, BPM CWNL-10 – YPR-765 PRI .50 Infantry Combat Vehicle QRF, PSC, FoW, BPM CWNL-11 – YPR-765 PRCO-C1 Command Vehicle QRF, PSC, FoW, BPM CWNL-12 – AMX-VTT TOW ATGM Vehicle BPM CWNL-13 – YPR-765 PRAT ATGM Vehicle (Improved TOW) QRF, FoW, BPM CWNL-14 – YP-408 PWAT ATGM Vehicle (TOW) QRF CWNL-15 – M113 C&V 25mm Reconnaissance Vehicle QRF, PSC, FoW, BPM CWNL-16 – M113 Armoured Personnel Carrier QRF, SOG, PP, RMM, FoW, BPM CWNL-17 – YP-408 PWI-S Armoured Personnel Carrier QRF CWNL-18 – Volvo Bv-202 Tracked Carrier QRF (coming soon) CWNL-19 – Bofors L70 40mm Antiaircraft Gun CWNL-20 – I-Hawk SAM Launcher QC CWNL-21 – DAF YA-66 Light Utility Vehicle CWNL-22 – DAF YA-328 3-Ton Truck (with .50 Cal) CWNL-23 – Commander QRF, PSC, FoW CWNL-24 – Infantry (FN FAL, FN MAG, 84mm MAW, 66mm LAW & Dragon) QRF, PSC, FoW CWNL-25 – Combat Engineers (66mm LAW) QRF, PSC, FoW CWNL-26 – Marine Infantry (84mm MAW, 66mm LAW & Dragon) QRF, PSC, FoW CWNL-27 – FN MAG General Purpose Machine Gun QRF, PSC, FoW CWNL-28 – M40 106mm Recoilless Rifle PP, QRF, FoW CWNL-29 – M220 TOW ATGM Team QRF CWNL-30 – M19 60mm Mortar QRF CWNL-31 – M1/M29 81mm Mortar QRF CWNL-32 – MO-120-RT 120mm Mortar CWNL-33 – Stinger SAM Team FoW CWNL-34 – Forward Observer QRF CWNL-35 – Alouette III Observation Helicopter Heller, RMM, AiM, OG CWNL-36 – Bo-105CB Observation Helicopter Italeri, RMM, FoW CWNL-37 – NF-5A Freedom Fighter Italeri, Revell, AiM CWNL-38 – F-16A Fighting Falcon Revell, RMM CWNL-39 – F-104G Starfighter Italeri, Revell, Tamiya, RMM CWNL-40 – M577 Command Vehicle QRF, SOG, PP, FoW, RMM, PSC, BPM CWNL-41 – Land Rover Light Utility Vehicle QRF, PP, PSC, BPM CWNL-42 – M38A1 ‘Nekaf’ Jeep FoW CWNL-43 – M47 Dragon ATGM Team QRF, FoW CWNL-44 – Special Forces Patrol (LAW) QRF CWNL-45 – M55 Quad .50 Cal Anti-Aircraft Machine Gun FoW CWNL-46 – M30 107mm Mortar FoW, QRF CWNL-47 – M106 107mm Mortar Carrier FoW, QRF, BPM CWNL-48 – DAF YA-4400 4-Ton Truck QRF CWNL-49 – Territorial Infantry (Garand, Bren, Energa, M20 Bazooka & CG) CWNL-50 – Bren Anti-Aircraft Machine Gun (Tripod Mount) CWNL-51 – DAF YA-126 Light Truck CWNL-52 – Browning M1919A4 Light Machine Gun FoW, QRF CWNL-53 – Territorial Commando Bren/Sniper Group (LAW) CWNL-54 – 2-inch Mortar CWNL-55 – YPR-765 PRCO-C5 Forward Observation Vehicle QRF, PSC, FoW, BPM CWNL-56 – YPR-765 PRMR 120mm Mortar Tractor QRF, PSC, FoW, BPM CWNL-57 – YPR-765 PRRDR Radar Reconnaissance Vehicle QRF CWNL-58 – YP-408 PWRDR Radar Reconnaissance Vehicle QRF CWNL-59 – YP-408 PWMT 120mm Mortar Tractor QRF