DOCSLIB.ORG

The Effects of Methionyl Bovine Somatotropin Administration on Luteinizing Hormone in Dairy Cattle

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Effects of Methionyl Bovine Somatotropin Administration on Luteinizing Hormone in Dairy Cattle Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU All Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate Studies 5-1990 The Effects of Methionyl Bovine Somatotropin Administration on Luteinizing Hormone in Dairy Cattle Joseph Charles Dalton Utah State University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd Part of the Dairy Science Commons Recommended Citation Dalton, Joseph Charles, "The Effects of Methionyl Bovine Somatotropin Administration on Luteinizing Hormone in Dairy Cattle" (1990). All Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 4084. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4084 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE EFFECTS OF METHIONYL BOVINE SOMATOTROPIN ADMINISTRATION ON LUTEINIZING HORMONE IN DAIRY CATTLE by Joseph Charles Dalton A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE in Dairy Science Approved : UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY Logan, Utah 1990 ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This research project was initiated in February 1989 under the direction of Dr. David P. Marcinkowski. I would like to thank Dave for the many long hours and sleepless nights devoted to this research. Thanks also for providing suggestions, software, and a computer for writing this thesis. Thanks must also be extended to the members of my Graduate Committee: Dr. LeGrande C. Ellis for his guidance and suggestions on the assays and Dr. Donald V. Sisson for his help with the statistical analysis. Others who assisted this research included Dr . Warren C. Foote, who helped analyze the LH data; Dr. Robert C. Lamb, who gave a critical review of the research proposal; Dr. Gary Hartnell and Rick Hoffman of Monsanto Agricultural Company in St. Louis, Missouri, who donated the BST and provided many helpful suggestions; and Raj Juahar, who performed the LH and progesterone assays. I would also like to thank veterinarians Dr . Robert J. Callan, Dr. Jane Kelly, and Drs. Mark and Altina Wickstrom for their help with the catheterizations and weekly palpations. Thanks to Stan Henderson for his cooperation and assistance in locating cows for this study. Thanks also to the many students who restrained animals and collected blood samples. Thanks to my parents, Fred and Irma Dalton, and my iii f amily , Rita and Michael Baumann and Fred and Lisa Dalton, for their love, concern, and support throughout my educational career. Finally, to my wife, Nell, I extend a heartfelt thanks f or the many hours of hard work, sacrifices, suggestions, ·and words of encouragement. I could not have completed this research without her. I will never forget her help. Joseph Charles Dalton i v TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. • . ii LIST OF TABLES .......... .. .. ..... ... ............... ... v LIST OF FIGURES. v i ABSTRACT. • . v i i STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM .. .. ... .... .. .. .... .. .... .. 1 Introduction. 1 Purpose a nd Objectiv es . .... .. .. ... ... .. ... ... 2 LITERATURE REVIEW. 3 Hy pothalamic-Pituitary Axis .... .... ...... ... ....... 3 The Bovine Estrous Cycle . .. .... .... ... .... ... 4 Bovine Somatotropin (BST) ..... ........ .. ...... .. 5 BST and Milk Producti on ... ............... ... ... .. .. 6 BST, Nutrition and Reproducti on. 8 BST a nd Reproductive Performance ... .... .... 10 MATERIALS AND METHODS. 13 Experimental Design . .... .............. ... ..... .. .. 13 Sta~i ~ tical Analysis ........ ...... ...... .. .... 17 Def~n~t~ons . .. ........... ..... .. • ..... .... .. 17 RES ULTS AND DISCUSSION. 19 Milk Production ...... .... ..... .... ..... ... ... .. 19 LH Concentrations During Prostaglandin Induced Estrus. 21 Basal Collection and GnRH Challe nge .. ...... .. ... 26 CONCLUSIONS . ....... ............. ... ..... ..... 33 RE FERENCES . 3 4 APPENDICES . 41 v LIST OF TAB LES Table Page 1 Experimental design summary .. ..... .... ..... .. 15 2 Summary of the responses to the third prostaglandin injection and subsequent LH peaks captured .. ........ ... .......... ... 22 3 Plasma progesterone profiles and summary of treatment responses ... ... .. ........... ... 44 4 Phase of the estrous cycle at the time of GnRH challenge ................................ 27 5 A treatment group comparison of LH variables during the basal collection period .. ..... .. ...... .. ...... .......... .. 28 6 Paired t-test analysis of LH variables during the basal collection period .......... .. 28 7 A t r eatment group comparison of LH variables during the GnRH challenge period .... ... .. ...... .. ....... .. .. ... ... .. 31 8 Paired t-test analysis of LH variables during the GnRH challenge period ... .... .. .... 31 vi LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1 Example of samples used in the calculation of basal values .......... ........ 18 2 The effect of BST on milk production .......... 20 3 LH peak of cow # 6720 (BST) following the third prostaglandin injection .... ........ 23 4 Plasma progesterone profile of cow # 6714 (placebo) showing partial luteolysis following the third prostaglandin injection . .......... ... ...... .. 25 5 Basal LH profile of cow # 6700 (placebo) showing infrequent pulsatile activity ...... .. 53 6 Basal LH profile of cow # 6672 (placebo) showing frequent pulsatile activity ........... 54 7 Mean LH response to the GnRH challenge by treatment group ............................ 30 vii ABSTRACT The Effects of Methionyl Bovine Somatotropin Administration on Luteinizing Hormone in Dairy Cattle by Joseph C. Dalton, Master of Science Utah State University, 1990 Major Professor: Dr. David P. Marcinkowski Department: Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences sixteen lactating regularly cycling dairy cows (14 primiparous, 2 multiparous) were used to determine the effects of somatotropin administration on basal, peak, and pulse luteinizing hormone concentrations during the breeding period. In addition, the effects of somatotropin administration on the pituitary response to a gonadotropin- releasing hormone challenge was studied. The experimental group received daily somatotropin treatments (25mg) for 24 days. The control group received a daily placebo. All animals were treated with three injections of prostaglandin F2-alpha (25 mgjtreatment) for estrus synchronization. Somatotropin and placebo treatments began with the second prostaglandin injection. Sixty hours following the final prostaglandin injection, all cows were catheterized via a jugular vein. Blood samples were collected at 15-minute intervals for 24 viii hours. The estimated mean time to the preovulatory luteinizing hormone peak was 62.5 +/- 1.8 (SE) hours among 6 of 16 animals responding. Mean plasma peak luteinizing hormone concentration (regardless of treatment) was 13.49 +/- 4 .18 (SE) ngjml. On Day 10 of the subsequent estrous cycle, blood samples were collected at 20-minute intervals for 6 hours to determine basal levels of luteinizing hormone. Immediately fo llowing this collection period, a gonadotropin-releasing hormone challenge (100 ug) was administered intravenously. Blood samples were collected at 15-minute intervals for an additional 8 hours. BST did not affect basal, peak, or pulse luteinizing hormone concentrations . There were no differences in basal luteinizing hormone concentration, pulse amplitude, pulse interval, or pulse frequency. BST did not affect the pituitary response to a gonadotropin-releasing hormone challenge. Time to peak, time to return to basal, peak con­ centration, peak width, and peak luteinizing hormone amplitude were not different among treatment groups following the gonadotropin-releasing hormone challenge. Milk pro­ duction of BST-treated cows was increased 7% (2.1 kg/d) over controls. (65 pages) STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Introduction Many dairymen and professionals believe high milk yield and lowered reproductive performance are closely related. Miller et al. (39) observed a direct relationship between the amount of milk produced in the first lactation and a longer calving interval. Stevenson and Britt (57) reported that high levels of milk production and its associated negative energy balance delayed the initiation of postpartum ovarian activity in dairy cattle. Nevertheless, scientists and dairymen continue searching for ways to increase milk production. Semen selection and artificial j nsemination can result in milk production increases of approximately 100 kgjyr (42). Embryo transfer can cause increases of an additional 40 kgjyr (60). Somatotropin (BST) administration has the potential to increase milk production by 2000 kg/lactation (3). Historically, the major focus of BST research has been on the influence of BST on milk production . However, recent research indicates BST may adversely affect reproduction. Hard et al. (31) found days open and calving intervals were higher ( 5 days) in BST-treated cows. In the same study, pregnancy and successful calving rates were 10% lower in EST­ treated cows. Gilts treated with exogenous porcine pituitary somatotropin (PST) showed increased growth rate and improved feed efficiency (9) . However, PST reduced the response of granulosa cells to gonadotropins in vitro and was associated 2 with a delayed onset of puberty (9). In an initial study by Schemm and Deaver (55), BST was shown to have an effect on circulating gonadotropin concentrations in dairy cattle. However, few studies have focused on the effects BST may have on luteinizing
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Bovine Somatotropin in Milk
    Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU Archived Food and Health Publications Archived USU Extension Publications 1999 Bovine Somatotropin in Milk Charlotte P. Brennand PhD Utah State University Extension Clell V. Bagley DVM Utah State University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/extension_histfood Part of the Animal Sciences Commons, Food Processing Commons, and the Nutrition Commons Warning: The information in this series may be obsolete. It is presented here for historical purposes only. For the most up to date information please visit The Utah State University Cooperative Extension Office Recommended Citation Brennand, Charlotte P. PhD and Bagley, Clell V. DVM, "Bovine Somatotropin in Milk" (1999). Archived Food and Health Publications. Paper 32. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/extension_histfood/32 This Factsheet is brought to you for free and open access by the Archived USU Extension Publications at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Archived Food and Health Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. EL 250.6 UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY COOPERATIVE EXTENSION FOOD SAFETY FACT 8UEET m1888 FOOD SAFTBY SBRIBS by Charlotte P. Brennand, PhD Clell V. Bagley, DVM Extension Food Safety Specialist Extension Veterinarian Bovine Somatotropin in Milk What is Bovine Sources of BST/BGH Biotechnology Somatotropin? production of BST Early research efforts used crude extracts from bovine pituitary Bovine Somatotropin (BST), The genes responsible for pro­ glands. Although the treated cows also called bovine growth hormone duction of BST in cattle were iden­ increased their milk production, the (BGH), is a hormone produced by tified in bovine tissue cells; they amount of available BST was too the cow's pituitary gland.
    [Show full text]
  • Bovine Somatotropin (Bst) – Possible Increased Use of Antibiotics to Treat Mastitis in Cows, October 30, 2013
    Bovine Somatotropin (bST) – Possible Increased Use of Antibiotics to Treat Mastitis in Cows, October 30, 2013 Suzanne J. Sechen, Ph.D. Leader, Ruminant Drugs Team Division of Production Drugs Office of New Animal Drug Evaluation Center for Veterinary Medicine, Food and Drug Administration Rockville, MD, U.S.A. The following report was submitted by FDA’s Center for Veterinary Medicine for consideration in the re-evaluation of bovine somatotropin at the seventy-eighth meeting on residues of veterinary drugs by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee (JECFA) on Food Additives, held November 5-14, 2013 BACKGROUND The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved a formulation of recombinant bovine growth hormone (bST) in 1993, sometribove zinc, for administration to lactating dairy cows to increase milk production. The FDA concluded that use of the drug increased the risk of clinical mastitis in treated cows, and that it may also increase milk somatic cell count1. Approved labeling for the product communicates these risks. These conclusions were reconfirmed in 2003 when the FDA approved a supplemental application for this bST product following reanalysis by the sponsor of the original data and new, post- approval monitoring program (PAMP) data using more accurate mixed-model analyses, not available at the time of the original approval2. At the time of the original approval, FDA concluded that the increase in clinical mastitis in sometribove-treated cows was not a public health concern in terms of antibiotic residues in milk being increased above tolerance due to therapeutic treatment of mastitis1. When examined on a per unit milk basis, the increase in the incidence of clinical mastitis due to sometribove (approximately 0.1 case per cow per year) was about 4 to 9 times less than the effects due to other sources of variation, such as season, parity, stage of lactation, and herd-to-herd variation.
    [Show full text]
  • The Use of Stems in the Selection of International Nonproprietary Names (INN) for Pharmaceutical Substances
    WHO/PSM/QSM/2006.3 The use of stems in the selection of International Nonproprietary Names (INN) for pharmaceutical substances 2006 Programme on International Nonproprietary Names (INN) Quality Assurance and Safety: Medicines Medicines Policy and Standards The use of stems in the selection of International Nonproprietary Names (INN) for pharmaceutical substances FORMER DOCUMENT NUMBER: WHO/PHARM S/NOM 15 © World Health Organization 2006 All rights reserved. Publications of the World Health Organization can be obtained from WHO Press, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland (tel.: +41 22 791 3264; fax: +41 22 791 4857; e-mail: [email protected]). Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications – whether for sale or for noncommercial distribution – should be addressed to WHO Press, at the above address (fax: +41 22 791 4806; e-mail: [email protected]). The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters.
    [Show full text]
  • Somatotropin Physiology
    S.Afr.J.Anim.Sci.,199 4, 24(1) Somatotropinphysiology - a review J.G.van der Walt Departmentof Physiology,Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria,Onderstepoort, 0110 Republicof SouthAf rica Received4 June 1993;accepted l5 November/,993 The continuing search for improved efficiency has led to the introduction of exogenousgrowth and lactation promo- tants to enhance traditional animal production systems.Various species-limitedsomatotropins have been synthesized by meansof recombinantgene technology,thereby allowing milk productionin dairy cattle,and lcan meat production in pigs, sheep and cattle to be manipulated.Growth hormone occurs in plasma in several forms, which overlap considerably with the structuresof placental lactogen and prolactin. The peptide is stabilized by two disulphidc bridges,and is folded into four a-helix regions.The somatogenicand lactogenicregions have been mapped,and two different binding sites found. Somatotropinis secretedepisodically from the anterior pituitary with a sniking ultradian rhythm in all mammals investigated thus far. The primary control over this release would appear to be neuro- endocrinological,with somatostatinand releasinghormone (GHRH) playing the major roles, with considerablespecics differences.Starvation primes the systemto optimally releasesomatotropin when feedingrecommences. While sexual dimorphism in the releaseof somatotropinhas been clearly demonstratedin the rat, most studiesin other specieshave concentratedon male animals. Although somatotropinexhibis negative feedback on its release,it
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Somatostatin in the Regulation of Gonadotropin Secretion in Sheep
    Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports 2017 The Role of Somatostatin in the Regulation of Gonadotropin Secretion in Sheep Richard B. McCosh Follow this and additional works at: https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd Recommended Citation McCosh, Richard B., "The Role of Somatostatin in the Regulation of Gonadotropin Secretion in Sheep" (2017). Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports. 6194. https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/6194 This Dissertation is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by the The Research Repository @ WVU with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Dissertation in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you must obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Dissertation has been accepted for inclusion in WVU Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports collection by an authorized administrator of The Research Repository @ WVU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Role of Somatostatin in the Regulation of Gonadotropin Secretion in Sheep Richard B. McCosh Dissertation submitted to the School of Medicine at West Virginia University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In Biomedical Science Cellular and Integrative Physiology Robert L. Goodman, PhD; Mentor Stanley M. Hileman, PhD; Chair Michael W. Vernon, PhD Steven L. Hardy, PhD Donal C. Skinner, PhD Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Morgantown, West Virginia 2017 Key Words: gonadotropin releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone, somatostatin, kisspeptin, sheep Copyright 2017 Richard B.
    [Show full text]
  • This Thesis Has Been Approved by the Honors Tutorial College and Department of Biological Sciences
    This thesis has been approved by The Honors Tutorial College and Department of Biological Sciences ___________________________________ Dr. Darlene Berryman Professor, School of Applied Health Sciences and Wellness College of Health Sciences and Professions Thesis Adviser __________________________________ Dr. Soichi Tanda Director of Studies, Honors Tutorial College Biological Sciences _________________________________ Jeremy Webster Dean, Honors Tutorial College THE EFFECT OF GROWTH HORMONE ON THE MACROPHAGE CONTENT OF DIFFERENT ADIPOSE TISSUE DEPOTS A Thesis Presented to The Honors Tutorial College Ohio University _____________________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for Graduation From the Honors Tutorial College With the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Biological Sciences _____________________________________________ By Rachel D Munn June 2011 1 Table of Contents Acknowledgements…………………………………………………3 Abstract……………………………………………………………...4 Introduction…………………………………………………………6 Adipose Tissue………………………………………………6 Adipose Tissue Depots……………………………………...7 Obesity………………………………………………………11 Inflammation………………………………………………..12 Macrophages………………………………………………..14 Physiological Function……………………………...14 Adipose Tissue Macrophages……………………….15 Growth Hormone……………………………………………18 Function……………………………………………..19 Growth Hormone and Macrophages………………..23 Growth Hormone and Adipose……………………...24 Transgenic Mouse Models…………………………………..26 Significance of Research…………………………………….29 Materials and Methods…………………………………………….30 Results……………………………………………………………….36
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Plasmid Growth Hormone–Releasing Hormone Treatment During Heat Stress
    DNA AND CELL BIOLOGY Volume 27, Number 11, 2008 ª Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. Pp. 629–635 DOI: 10.1089=dna.2008.0758 Effects of Plasmid Growth Hormone–Releasing Hormone Treatment during Heat Stress Patricia A. Brown,1 Angela M. Bodles-Brakhop,2 and Ruxandra Draghia-Akli2 A gene therapy treatment with plasmid-based growth hormone–releasing hormone (GHRH) delivered by elec- troporation (EP) was investigated during heat stress; 32 primiparous cows received 2.5 mg of a GHRH-expressing myogenic plasmid (pSP-HV-GHRH), while 20 were designated as controls. Offspring of treated animals showed a reduction in mortality (47%; p < 0.02), and survival from birth to 260 days was dramatically improved (0% mortality vs. 21% in controls) along with an increase in weight gain ( p < 0.05). Milk production was increased compared to controls with an average yield gain of 421 kg=cow ( p ¼ 0.028). Prolactin (PRL) levels were also significantly increased compared to controls ( p < 0.05). The second pregnancy rate was improved by GHRH treatment (53.3% vs. 30.8%). This study shows that the use of plasmid-mediated therapy delivered by EP can maintain health status during periods of heat stress, important for both animals and potentially humans in hot, challenging climates. tion of bovine somatotropin (bST) is the current method used Introduction to improve productivity in domestic animals and has been he seasons of the year can have a dramatic impact on shown to enhance milk production (Gulay et al., 2003, 2004) Thumans and animals alike. As a model for heat stress we even under conditions of heat stress (Johnson et al., 1991; have chosen dairy cows.
    [Show full text]
  • CURRICULUM VITAE PERSONAL INFORMATION Name: David Robert Clemmons EDUCATION 1965-1966 Undergraduate, Vanderbilt University 1966
    CURRICULUM VITAE PERSONAL INFORMATION Name: David Robert Clemmons EDUCATION 1965-1966 Undergraduate, Vanderbilt University 1966-1969 B.S., Davidson College 1970-1974 M.D. with honors, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Postgraduate: 1974-1975 Intern in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital 1975-1976 Junior Assistant Resident, Massachusetts General Hospital 1976-1977 Senior Assistant Resident, Johns Hopkins Hospital 1977-1978 Clinical Fellowship in Endocrinology, Massachusetts General Hospital 1978-1980 Research Fellow in Cell Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill RESEARCH EXPERIENCE 1971-1972 USPHS Fellow in Pediatric Endocrinology 1978-1980 USPHS Fellow in Endocrinology FACULTY APPOINTMENTS 1980-1984 Assistant Professor of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 1984-1989 Associate Professor of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 1989-present Professor of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 1990-2006 Chief, Division of Endocrinology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 1995-present Sarah Graham Kenan Professor of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 2006-2009 Director, Diabetes Center for Excellence, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC TEACHING APPOINTMENTS 1974-1976 Clinical Fellow in Medicine, Harvard Medical School 1976-1977 Clinical Fellow in Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital 1977-1978 Clinical Fellow in Endocrinology, Harvard Medical School 1978-1980 Clinical and Research Fellow in Endocrinology, Harvard Medical School and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill HONORS 1973 Deborah Cushing Leary Award 1974 Alpha Omega Alpha 1974 M.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone
    cancer.org | 1.800.227.2345 Recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone Recombinant bovine growth hormone (rBGH) is a synthetic (man-made) hormone that is marketed to dairy farmers to increase milk production in cows. It has been used in the United States since it was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1993, but its use is not permitted in the European Union, Canada, and some other countries. This document summarizes what is known about the product and its potential effects on health. What is recombinant bovine growth hormone (rBGH)? The human form of growth hormone, also called somatotropin, is made by the pituitary gland. It promotes growth and cell replication. Bovine growth hormone (BGH), also known as bovine somatotropin (BST) is the natural form of this hormone in cattle. Recombinant bovine growth hormone (rBGH) or recombinant bovine somatotropin (rBST) refers to bovine growth hormone that is made in a lab using genetic technology. Some rBGH products on the market differ chemically from a cow's natural somatotropin by one amino acid. Both the natural and recombinant forms of the hormone stimulate a cow's milk production by increasing levels of another hormone known as insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1). What are the health concerns in humans? Concerns about possible health effects on humans from milk produced using rBGH have focused on 2 main issues. First, does drinking milk from rBGH-treated cows increase blood levels of growth hormone or IGF-1 in consumers? If it does, would this be expected to have any health effects in people, including increasing the risk of cancer? Several scientific reviews have 1 ____________________________________________________________________________________American Cancer Society cancer.org | 1.800.227.2345 looked at these issues and are the main focus of this document.
    [Show full text]
  • Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I and Apoptosis As Determinants of Preimplantation Bovine Embryonic Development
    INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR-I AND APOPTOSIS AS DETERMINANTS OF PREIMPLANTATION BOVINE EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT By FRANK DEAN JOUSAN A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2006 Copyright 2006 by Frank Dean Jousan This dissertation is dedicated to my parents and family. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This dissertation would not have been possible without the dedication, guidance, and tireless support of Dr. Peter J. Hansen, chairman of my supervisory committee. I admire Dr. Hansen for his energy, enthusiasm, and passion that he has for science. Dr. Hansen works continuously toward the development and training of scientific minds while creating an enjoyable working environment. I am grateful for the opportunity that I had to work with Dr. Hansen and will always consider him to be an excellent mentor and great friend. Appreciation is also extended to the other members of my committee: Dr. William C. Buhi for his knowledge and support; Dr. Kenneth C. Drury for his interest and insight to my research; Dr. Karen Moore for her willingness to discuss science and dedication to providing such a high-quality embryology lecture and laboratory course; and Dr. Mats Troedsson for his willingness to allow opportunities for collaborations between our laboratories and his interesting, humorous conversations. I would like to extend my sincere thanks to the management and personnel at Central Packing Co. in Center Hill, FL, for providing the ovaries used in the majority of my experiments and to William Rembert for his assistance in collecting ovaries.
    [Show full text]
  • WO 2017/180788 Al 19 October 2017 (19.10.2017) P O P C T
    (12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2017/180788 Al 19 October 2017 (19.10.2017) P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every Λ 61Κ 8/02 (2006.01) A61K 45/00 (2006.01) kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, A61K 8/18 (2006.01) A61P 17/18 (2006.01) AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, A61K 8/19 (2006.01) A61Q 19/00 (2006.01) BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DJ, DK, DM, A61K 33/00 (2006.01) C07K 14/78 (2006.01) DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, A61K 38/00 (2006.01) HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KH, KN, KP, KR, KW, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, (21) International Application Number: MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, PCT/US20 17/027275 NI, NO, NZ, OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, (22) International Filing Date: RU, RW, SA, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, 12 April 2017 (12.04.2017) TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW. (25) Filing Language: English (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every (26) Publication Language: English kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, (30) Priority Data: GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, ST, SZ, 62/321,626 12 April 2016 (12.04.2016) US TZ, UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, TJ, TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, (71) Applicant: ILLUSTRIS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Bovine Somatotropin on Endocrine Function, Embryo Development, and Uterine-Conceptus Interactions in Dairy Cattle
    EFFECTS OF POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS AND BOVINE SOMATOTROPIN ON ENDOCRINE FUNCTION, EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT, AND UTERINE-CONCEPTUS INTERACTIONS IN DAIRY CATTLE By TODD RUSSELL BILBY A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2005 Copyright 2005 by Todd R. Bilby To my parents, Ross and Cheryl Bilby, for their endless support ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am deeply indebted to Dr. William W. Thatcher, my supervisory committee chair. Dr. Thatcher provided endless guidance, encouragement, inspiration, and financial support. Dr. Thatcher provided me with the skills to be successful and instilled in me a passion for knowledge. I am proud of the opportunity I had to work with him and will always consider Dr. Thatcher an excellent mentor and great friend. I extend my appreciation to my committee members: Dr. Peter J. Hansen, who allowed me to use his laboratory for my final project and provided endless insight into my projects, curriculum, and overall professional development; Dr. Lokenga Badinga for his teaching in the area of nutritional physiology, and for always being willing to answer any questions; and Dr. Nasser Chegini for the use of his laboratory and invaluable contributions. All committee members provided continual support throughout my Ph.D. program. I greatly appreciate Dr. Charles Staples for his patience and guidance in working with me on my projects, editing papers, and providing knowledge on dairy cattle nutrition. I would also like to thank Dr. Staples’s graduate students: Mr. Bruno Amaral for his help with my last research project and Mrs.
    [Show full text]