PROGRESSIVE REPORT STRATIGRAPHIC CORRELATION AND FOSSIL ASSEMBLAGES OF THE PA SAMED FORMATION

By THE THAI WORKING GROUP

THE 32nd MALAYSIA-THAILAND BORDER JOINT GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WORKING GROUP MEETING: VIDEO CONFERENCE TUESDAY 27TH APRIL 2021 LEXICON OF STRATIGRAPHIC NAMES OF THAILAND (DMR, 2013) TYPE SECTION OF THE PA SAMED FORMATION

A roadcut through the Pa Samed Formation on the Thung Wa-Langu Road, KM9

Wongwanich , 1990, 2002 Type section LOWER DEVONIAN BRACHIOPOD • Boucot et al., 1999 • Pa Samed Formation, Satun province • 12 brachiopod • 4 new species • 3 localities:  Locality B-11, 55 km to the north, near Ban Tham Phra, Latitude 7°59´N, Longitude 99°47´E  Locality R2, a roadcut through the Pa Samed Formation on the Thung Wa-Langu Road, Latitude 6°56´N, Longitude 99°47´E  Locality B1, a roadcut through the Pa Samed Formation on the Thung Wa-Langu Road, Latitude 6°56´N, Longitude 99°47´E

Quasiprosserella samedensis, Caplinoplia thailandensis, 4 new species Boucot et al., 1999

Plectodonta forteyi, Clorinda wongwanichi BRACHIOPOD AND AMMONOID IN PA SAMED FORMATION Wongwanich et al., 2004 BRACHIOPOD AND AMMONOID IN PA SAMED FORMATION

Namurian (Carboniferous) Brachiopod : 8 species • 2 new genera; Eileenella Racheboeuf and Plicambocoelia Boucot and Brunton • 5 new species • Aseptella satunensis • Eileenella elegans • Tornquistia orthogona • Coledium satuni • Plicambocoelia tansathieni

Lower Carboniferous Brachiopod

Plicambocoelia tansathieni AMMONOID IN PA SAMED FORMATION Wongwanich et al., 2004 Wongwanich et al., 1990, Tentaculite; Nowakia, Styliolina, Metastyliolina Lower Devonian from the Pa Samed Formation at KM 9 to Langu, Satun Province

Styliolina sp. : Mollusca

13 Tentaculite: Nowakia acuaria from KM 9 to Langu (Agematsu et al., 2006) Lower Devonian Nowakia acuaria LOWER DEVONIAN TRILOBITE Cronier et al., 2006 • Reduced sight Trilobite Plagiolaria poothaii Kobayashi and Hamada, 1984 NAUTILOID : LOWER CARBONIFEROUS • Satun area (Tongtherm et al., 2017) Chidleyenoceras sp. indet.

Tainocerataceae gen. et sp. indet. EARLY DEVONIAN

Tentaculite, Trilobite, Brachiopod: 14 species

No. fossil species age locality reference 1 Tentaculite Nowakia acuaria (Richer, 1854) Early Devonian KM 9 to Langu Agematsu et al., (Emsian) 2006 2 Trilobite Plagiolaria poothaii KobayashiEarly Devonian Cronier et al., and Hamada, 1968 2006

3 Brachiopod Orbiculoidea? sp. Early Devonian Locality B-11, 55 km to the north,Boucot et al., (probable early near Ban Tham Phra, Latitude1999 Emsian) 7°59´N, Longitude 99°47´E 4 Brachiopod Plectodonta (Plectodonta)Early Devonian Locality R2, a roadcut through theBoucot et al., Forteyi Boucot and Cocks, in(probable early Pa Samed Formation on the1999 Boucot et al., 1999 Emsian) Thung Wa-Langu Road, Latitude 6°56´N, Longitude 99°47´E 5 Brachiopod Strophochonetidae Muir-Wood,Early Devonian Locality B-11, 55 km to the north,Boucot et al., 1962 (probable early near Ban Tham Phra, Latitude1999 Emsian) 7°59´N, Longitude 99°47´E 6 Brachiopod Philippotia ? sp. Early Devonian Locality B-11, 55 km to the north,Boucot et al., (probable early near Ban Tham Phra, Latitude1999 Emsian) 7°59´N, Longitude 99°47´E No. fossil species age locality reference 7 Brachiopod Caplinoplia thailandensisEarly Devonian Locality B-11, 55 km to the north,Boucot et al., (Racheboeuf, 1999) (probable early near Ban Tham Phra, Latitude1999 Emsian) 7°59´N, Longitude 99°47´E 8 Brachiopod Clorinda wongwanichi Early Devonian Locality B1, a roadcut through theBoucot et al., Boucot and Cocks, in (probable early Pa Samed Formation on the Thung1999 Boucot et al., 1999 Emsian) Wa-Langu Road, Latitude 6°56´N, Longitude 99°47´E 9 Brachiopod Rhynchonellid Early Devonian Locality B-11, 55 km to the north,Boucot et al., indeterminate genus and (probable early near Ban Tham Phra, Latitude1999 species Emsian) 7°59´N, Longitude 99°47´E 10 Brachiopod Lissatrypa sp. Early Devonian Locality B-11, 55 km to the north,Boucot et al., (probable early near Ban Tham Phra, Latitude1999 Emsian) 7°59´N, Longitude 99°47´E 11 Brachiopod Quasiprosserella Early Devonian Locality B-11, 55 km to the north,Boucot et al., samedensis Boucot and (probable early near Ban Tham Phra, Latitude1999 Cocks, in Boucot et al., Emsian) 7°59´N, Longitude 99°47´E 1999 12 Brachiopod Athyridoid indeterminate Early Devonian Locality B-11, 55 km to the north,Boucot et al., genus and species (probable early near Ban Tham Phra, Latitude1999 Emsian) 7°59´N, Longitude 99°47´E 13 Brachiopod Spiriferid indeterminate Early Devonian Locality R2, a roadcut through theBoucot et al., genus and species (probable early Pa Samed Formation on the Thung1999 Emsian) Wa-Langu Road, Latitude 6°56´N, Longitude 99°47´E 14 Brachiopod Plicanoplites? sp. Early Devonian Locality B-11, 55 km to the north,Boucot et al., (probable early near Ban Tham Phra, Latitude1999 Emsian) 7°59´N, Longitude 99°47´E EARLY CARBONIFEROUS Nautiloid, Amonoid, Brachiopod : 15 species No. fossil species age locality reference

15 Nautiloid Nautiloid gen et sp. Lower Khao Khanthang, La-ngu District, Satun, Tongtherm et indet. I Carboniferous N 06° 96´ E 99° 76´ al., 2017

16 Nautiloid Chidleyenoceras sp. Lower Khao Banhan, La-ngu District, Satun, N Tongtherm et indet. Carboniferous 06° 93´ E 99° 79´ al., 2017

17 Nautiloid Tainocerataceae gen. Lower Khao Banhan, La-ngu District, Satun, N Tongtherm et et sp. indet. Carboniferous 06° 93´ E 99° 79´ al., 2017

18 Nautiloid Nautilaceae gen. et Upper Khao Banhan, La-ngu District, Satun, N Tongtherm et sp. indet Carboniferous 06° 56´ E 99° 47´ al., 2017

19 Amonoid Stenopronorites cf. Carboniferous close to road section at Ban Pa Samed, Wongwanich uralensis (Karpinsky, (Namurian) between kilometers 9 and 10 et al., 2004 1889) No. fossil species age locality reference 20 Amonoid Stenopronorites aff. Carboniferous close to road section at Wongwanich et uralensis (Namurian) Ban Pa Samed, between al., 2004 (Karpinsky, 1889) kilometers 9 and 10 21 Brachiopod Aseptella satunensisCarboniferous B-10 close to road section Wongwanich et Brunton, in (Namurian) at Ban Pa Samed, between al., 2004 Wongwanich et al., kilometers 9 and 10 2004 22 Brachiopod Eileenella elegans Carboniferous B-10 close to road section Wongwanich et Racheboeuf, in (Namurian) at Ban Pa Samed, between al., 2004 Wongwanich et al., kilometers 9 and 10 2004 23 Brachiopod Tornquistia Carboniferous B-10 close to road section Wongwanich et orthogona (Namurian) at Ban Pa Samed, between al., 2004 Racheboeuf, in kilometers 9 and 10 Wongwanich et al., 2004 No. fossil species age locality reference

24 Brachiopod Coledium satuni Boucot and Brunton,Carboniferous B-10 close to road section atWongwanich et al., in Wongwanich et al., 2004 (Namurian) Ban Pa Samed, between2004 kilometers 9 and 10 25 Brachiopod Plicambocoelia tansathieni Boucot andCarboniferous B-10 close to road section atWongwanich et al., Brunton, in Wongwanich et al., 2004 (Namurian) Ban Pa Samed, between2004 kilometers 9 and 10 26 Brachiopod Crurithyris species indeterminate Carboniferous B-10 close to road section atWongwanich et al., (Namurian) Ban Pa Samed, between2004 kilometers 9 and 10 27 Brachiopod cf. Martinia sp. Carboniferous B-10 close to road section atWongwanich et al., (Namurian) Ban Pa Samed, between2004 kilometers 9 and 10 28 Brachiopod cf. Reticularia M'Coy, 1842 Carboniferous B-10 close to road section atWongwanich et al., (Namurian) Ban Pa Samed, between2004 kilometers 9 and 10 29 Brachiopod Girtyella sp. Carboniferous B-10 close to road section atWongwanich et al., (Namurian) Ban Pa Samed, between2004 kilometers 9 and 10 REFERENCE SECTION NO.1 The study area is located at a quarry on the 9th Km of La Ngu-Thung Wa main road no 4078, Ban Pa Samet, Kum Phaeng Subdistrict, La Ngu District, Satun Province, at UTM 0585129E 0770137N (WGS84). The outcrop is approximately 80,000 square meters (Department of Mineral Resources, 2014) Department of Mineral Resources, 2014, Lithostratigraphy, Faunal Assemblages, Biodiversity, Paleocology and Environment of Deposition of the Cambrian-Permian Rocks in Satun Province, Peninsular Thailand: Bureau of Geological Survey, Department of Mineral Resources, Bangkok, Thailand, 221 p.

Kuan Tang Formation SD

Thung Song Group O The Rung Nok Formation Pa Samed Formation SD Pa Samed Formation SD Khuan Klang Formation (C) Kaeng Krachan Group (CP) : The Khao Phra Formation LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY OF THE PALEOZOIC SEQUENCE IN A MEASURED SECTION OF THE STUDY AREA AT BAN PA SAMET, LA NGU DISTRICT, SATUN PROVINCE.

Photograph showing the Paleozoic sequence in a measured section of the study area at Ban Pa Samet, La Ngu District, Satun Province, peninsular Thailand. LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY

The Paleozoic sequence in a measured section of the study area at Ban Pa Samet is well exposed at the quarry (47P UTM 0585129E 0770137N). The sequence is located in the lower part to upper part of Paleozoic rocks in this area. The rocks here are composed of agillaceous limestone, laminated mudstone, mudstone, well bedded siltstone and sandstone, sandstones interbedded with greyish blue mudstone and mudstone interbedded with very thin bedded sandstone/siltstone in the upper sequence. General attitude of beds is approximately in the NW-SE direction with medium angle (30.-50.) to the SW.

The sequence, approximately 200 m thick, can be divided into 18 units based on their lithologies, primary sedimentary structures and fossil assemblages. Lithologic column section A and B of the Paleozoic sequence at Ban Pa Samet (study area), La Ngu District, Satun Province, peninsular Thailand. Line of section A and B can see also figure 2.1 (modified from Department of Mineral Resources, 2014). C

SD O DESCRIPTION OF UNIT PS3 PASAMED FORMATION

(a) Definition: Unit PS3 is conformably underlain by soil cover and overlain by Carboniferous sandstone. (b) Lithology: The unit is characterized by limestone interbedded with shale (lower) and carbonaceous shale (upper). The lower part, limestone is interbedded with shale. Limestone is characterized by pale grey to grey color on fresh surface, yellowish gery color on weathered surface, medium-bedded (10-15 cm) and well-bedded. Shale is characterized by dark grey to black color on fresh surface, yellowish brown color on weathered surface, slaty to very thin-bedded. The upper part, carbonaceous shale is characterized by black color on fresh surface, grey to pale grey color on weathered surface, very thin to slaty shale, well-bedded. Carbonaceous shale is very high sheared in the upper part of unit because it occurs in the shear zone. (c) Thickness: Unit PS3 is approximately 7 m thick. (d) Contact: The lower contacts of Unit PS2 are unconformably underlain by soil cover and overlain by sandstone of The Kuan Klang Formation, showing discontinuous contacts. Figure 3.11 Photographs showing Lower Paleozoic sequence at Ban Pa Samet. A: Limestone interbeded with shale in the lower part. B: Close-up of Figure 3.11 A. C: Close-up Figure 3.11 of limestone bedding plane. D: Close-up Figure 3.11 A of shale’s bedding plane. E: General exposed carbonaceous shale in the upper part. F: Carbonaceous shale showing slaty cleavage. G: Close-up of Figure 3.11F. H: Carbonaceous shale in shear zone (Photographers: P. Suphakdee, R. Somsat, and J. Nedphab). FAUNAL ASSEMBLAGE

Faunal assemblages of the Paleozoic sequence in a measured section of the study area at Ban Pa Samet, La Ngu District, Satun Province. • The Paleozoic faunal assemblages in a measured section of the study area at Ban Pa Samet is well exposed at the quarry (47P UTM 590260E 1308124N). The fauna is located in the lower to upper part of Paleozoic faunal assemblage in this area. The fossils assemblages here are composed of Phylum Mollusca, Arthropoda, Brachiopoda, Cnidaria, Echinodermata, Porifera and Hemichordata. The sequence has many diversity of faunal assemblage in this quarry. • Faunas of Unit PS3 commonly contain the complete nautiloid, tentaculitid and a few graptolites. • Tentaculitids have ribbed and cone-shaped shells which are containing Styliolina sp., Nowakia sp. and Tentaculites sp., • Nautiloids • Age: Silurian to Devonian. Photographs showing nautiloids from the lower part Unit PS3 Tentaculitids in limestone of the lower part of unit PS3 (Photographers: A. Meesook, P. Suphakdee, R. Somsat, and J. Nedphab). Photographs showing tentaculitids of Unit PS3. A: Tentaculitids in carbonaceous shale of the upper part of unit. B-D: Molds of tentaculitids in weathered shale. (Photographers: A. Meesook, P. Suphakdee, R. Somsat, and J. Nedphab). REFERENCE SECTION NO.2

The Malaysian and Thai Working Groups Report (2012) : Stratigraphic Correlation of the Singa/Khuan Klang Formation

Type section of Khuan Klang Formation

Khuan Sung, Si-ngam village, Khuan Kat Urban, Muang District, Satun Province. The section can be accessed by road no 4051 (Muang-Ban Khuan Mai). Grid reference of the section is 615552E 0731806N. Lithostratigraphy

This Khuan Klang type section, approximately 150.65 m thick, comprises five subunits or 30 lithostratigraphic rock units.

Lower Permian Kaeng Krachan Group Lower to Middle? Carboniferous Khuan Klang Formation Devonian Pa Samed Formation DEVONIAN PA SAMED FORMATION

The exposures of this formation are represented by natural outcrops at the lower level located in the northeastern part of the main quarry. The sequence is measured to be more than 33.5 m thick. The rock units comprise two lithofacies. 1. Shales interbedded with mudstones. Shales are light brown and fissile. Mudstones are reddish brown, pale reddish brown and white, laminated, thin-bedded (5-10 cm). Tentaculites elegans, Nowakia sp., trilobites and bioturbation are abundant in mudstone. 2. Carbonaceous shale, lenses, sharp, wavy, dark grey to black, thin- to medium-bedded (5-20cm) intercalated with light brown, very thin- bedded, laminated claystone. Tentaculites elegans, Nowakia sp. and graptolites are abundant in carbonaceous shale. It is recognized that the Tentaculites was filled with pyrite. Khuan Klang Pa Samed Fromation Fromation Shales interbedded Carbonaceous shale with mudstones with Outcrop of Pa Samed Formation.

Carbonaceous shale Fossil assemblages within the Pa Samed Formation (Tentaculites elegans, Nowakia sp.). CONTENTS PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF TABLES 1. INTRODUCTION 2. THE JENTICK /PA SAMED FORMATION (Type section) 2.1 Nomenclature 2.2 Distribution and geologic setting 2.3 Previous works 2.4 Lithology 2.5 Stratigraphy 2.6 Thickness 2.7 Lower and upper contacts 3. REFERENCE SECTIONS OF THE JENTICK/ PA SAMED FORMATION 3.1 xxxxxx reference section 3.2 xxxxxx reference section. 4. LITHOSTRATIGRAPHIC CORRELATION 4.1 Summary on lithostratigraphy of sections 4.2 Correlation of the Jentik/Pa Samed Formation 4.2.1 Lithology 4.2.2 Stratigraphy 5. AGE, TECTONIC AND DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENTS 5.1 Age 5.2 Tectonics 5.3 Depositional Environment 6. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 6.1 Discussion 6.2 Conclusion REFERENCES APPENDIC THANK YOU