DOCSLIB.ORG

Aonchotheca Yannickchavali N. Sp. (Nematoda: Capillariidae) In

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Aonchotheca Yannickchavali N. Sp. (Nematoda: Capillariidae) In Agriculture and Natural Resources 50 (2016) 470e473 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Agriculture and Natural Resources journal homepage: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/agriculture-and- natural-resources/ Original Article Aonchotheca yannickchavali n. sp. (Nematoda: Capillariidae) in Bandicota indica (Bechstein, 1800) and Bandicota savilei (Thomas, 1916) (Rodentia: Muridae) collected from Thailand * Marina Veciana,a Kittipong Chaisiri,b Serge Morand,c Alexis Ribasa, d, a Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain b Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand c CNRS Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution e CIRAD Animal et Gestion Integree des Risques, Centre d'Infectiologie Christophe Merieux du Laos, Vientiane, Laos d Biodiversity Research Group, Faculty of Science, Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani 41000, Thailand article info abstract Article history: During previous surveys of helminths in rodents from Southeast Asia, an unnamed species of Aoncho- Received 5 February 2016 theca was recovered from the stomach of several rodent species. In the present study, the description of Accepted 27 April 2016 the new species Aonchotheca yannickchavali n. sp. is provided based on both female and male specimens Available online 3 January 2017 collected from two bandicoot rat species (Bandicota indica and Bandicota savilei) from Thailand (Buriram and Nan provinces). This nematode can be separated from other known Aonchotheca found in rodents by Keywords: its microhabitat in the host and by the size of the spicules in males and the vulvar appendage in females. Aonchotheca Copyright © 2016, Kasetsart University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access Bandicoot Bandicota article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Capillariidae Thailand Introduction been described to the species level (Chaisiri et al., 2012; Pakdeenarong et al., 2014). The present study provides a morpho- Nine species of the genus Aonchotheca (Nematoda: Capillar- logical and metrical characterization of a new species named iidae) are found in rodents. This genus has host specificity (Mas- Aonchotheca yannickchavali n. sp. Coma and Galan-Puchades, 1985) despite the fact that the same species are sometimes reported in other mammalian families Materials and methods (Justine et al., 1987; Umur et al., 2012). The life cycle of the mem- bers of the genus Aonchotheca is known for just a few species; they The Aonchotheca n. sp. specimens were obtained during a survey are diheteroxenous, have an invertebrate as an intermediate host of helminth infection in wild rodents (Rodentia: Muridae) in fi and their infective third-stage larvae are acquired by the de nitive Thailand. The specimens were collected from two different sam- host through the ingestion of the intermediate host and its eggs, pling sites in Nan (19º7038.8800N; 100º54033.7000E) and Buriram which are subsequently expelled in the feces and embryonated in (14º55056.9200N; 103º6026.6600E) provinces in Thailand during the environment (Anderson, 2000). In Southeast Asia (SEA), there JuneeNovember 2008. All animal experiments were performed are few reports of Aonchotheca in rodents and its worms cannot be according to the directive 2010/63/EEC on the Protection of Animals fi identi ed to the species level. Aonchotheca sp. have been found in Used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes. The rodents Berylmys berdmorei (Pakdeenarong et al., 2014) from Lao PDR, as were euthanized immediately after capture as per the legislation well as in Bandicota indica (Chaisiri et al., 2012) and in Mus cervi- and the ethical recommendations (2010/63/EEC annex IV; see also color (Chaisiri et al., 2012) from Thailand. These undescribed spe- the protocol available on http://www.ceropath.org/references/ cies of Aonchotheca from Southeast Asian rodents have been rodent_protocols_book). Permission to trap and investigate ro- observed by a number of different helminthologists but have never dents was provided by the Ethical Committee of Mahidol Univer- sity, Bangkok, Thailand (authorization nº 0517.1116/661). Oral permission to trap was obtained from local community leaders and * Corresponding author. Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain. landowners. Wild rodents were trapped alive in baited traps E-mail address: [email protected] (A. Ribas). (locally made or Sherman). Trapping was done in four main http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anres.2016.04.009 2452-316X/Copyright © 2016, Kasetsart University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). M. Veciana et al. / Agriculture and Natural Resources 50 (2016) 470e473 471 Table 1 Measurements (in micrometers) of Aonchotheca yannickchavali n. sp. male. Holotype Paratype 1 Paratype 2 Paratype 3 Range Mean Body length 5232 5407 5850 5737 5232e5850 5557 Maximum width at spicule level 35 38 35 33 33e38 35 Muscular esophagus length 576 732 660 561 561e732 632 Glandular esophagus length 2076 2158 2629 2037 2037e2629 2225 Anterior end to nerve ring 56 ee53 53e56 55 Anterior stichocyte width 20 15 12 23 12e23 18 Anterior stichocyte length 15 17 20 23 15e23 19 Posterior stichocyte width 10 10 10 12 10e12 11 Posterior stichocyte length 23 25 28 17 17e28 23 Number of stichocyte (cells) 207 296 350 220 207e350 268 Spicule length 803 772 793 803 772e803 793 Spicule width at the head 12 15 10 12 10e15 12 Spicule width at the tip 10 2 5 2 2e10 5 Caudal lateral papillae length 122 122 135 102 102e135 120 Caudal lateral papillae width 20 23 20 31 20e31 24 Caudal extremity papillae length 48 51 53 48 48e53 50 landscape categories: built-up areas (villages and isolated houses), specific literature used to compare the Aonchotheca with previously flood plains (humid or irrigated areas), dry land (cultivated areas known species of this genus found in rodents is summarized in and fallow lands covered by grasses and shrubs) and forest and Table 3. mature plantations. Each of the two sampling localities was sampled using 10 lines of 10 traps for four nights. Subsequently, Results these 100 traps were twice moved to form 10 further lines for four more nights. This gave a total of 30 lines in each province and thus, The isolated helminths attached to the rodents' stomachs in all, 60 lines and 600 traps during the two expeditions to the belonged to the genus Aonchotheca according to Lopez-Neyra sampled provinces (Herbreteau et al., 2011). Complementary (1947). In Buriram province, one helminth was recovered from a trapping was organized in villages or isolated houses, with five total of 21 Bandicota savilei, and none from two B. indica, while in traps per house. Traps containing rodents were labeled with the Nan province, two were recovered from 85 B. indica;noB. savilei place and date of capture, and the animal was transported to the were captured in this province. The metrical data are summarized laboratory. Rodents were identified by morphology following in Tables 1 and 2. existing nomenclature and classification (Marshall, 1988; Aplin et al., 2003; Pages et al., 2010). Trapped animals were euthanized Aonchotheca yannickchavali n. sp. (Figs. 1 and 2) and dissected following the standard international protocols Type-host: Bandicota indica (Bechstein) (Rodentia: Muridae) designed by the American Veterinary Medical Association Council Other hosts: Bandicota savilei (Thomas) (Rodentia: Muridae) on Research, which maximize animal care, the health and safety of Site of location in host: stomach field parasitologists and the generation of quality data (Herbreteau Type locality: Nan province, Thailand et al., 2011). Rodent viscera were examined under a binocular Other localities: Buriram province, Thailand stereo-microscope; nematodes were isolated from the stomachs Date of collection: JuneeNovember 2008 and then transferred to 70% alcohol and examined in the Laboratory Etymology: This species is named after Yannick Chaval, a wildlife of Parasitology of the Faculty of Pharmacy (University of Barcelona, expert, involved in the CERoPath and BioDivHealthSEA projects Spain). For morphological characterization, each worm specimen in SEA that enabled the collection in the present study of this was cleared in Amman lactophenol, examined under a compound new species. microscope and illustrated using a camera lucida. All measure- Specimens deposited: Holotype (MZB 2015-8453), allotype (MZB ments are given in micrometers unless otherwise specified. The 2015-8457), three male paratypes (MZB 2015-8452, MZB 2015- Table 2 Measurements (in micrometers) of Aonchotheca yannickchavali n. sp. female. Allotype Paratype 1 Paratype 2 Paratype 3 Range Mean Body length 8095 6643 7611 8672 6643e8672 7755 Maximum width at spicules level 43 40 38 46 38e46 42 Muscular esophagus length 645 499 593 675 499e675 603 Glandular esophagus length 2191 1976 2357 2142 1976e2357 2167 Anterior end to nerve ring eeeeee Anterior stichocyte width 7 12 15 7 7e15 10 Anterior stichocyte length 17 17 17 15 15e17 17 Posterior stichocyte width 10 12 10 12 10e12 11 Posterior stichocyte length 30 28 28 28 28e30 29 Number of stichocyte (cells) 294 266 351 264 264e351 294 Anterior end to vulva 2904 2616 3213 2842 2616e3213 2894 End of esophagus to vulva 17 7 43 31 7e43 25 Vulva appendage length 84 74 87 56 56e87 75 Vagina length 271 eee271 271 Rectum length 99 58 81 e 58e99 79 Number of eggs (cells) 57 43 32 98 43e98 58 472 M. Veciana et al. / Agriculture and Natural Resources 50 (2016) 470e473 Fig. 1. Aonchotheca yannickchavali n. sp.: (A) anterior end; (B) glandular esophagus with stichocytes; (C) male posterior end, ventral view; (D) male posterior end, lateral view; (E) female vagina (arrow shows large vulvar appendage); (F) egg; (G) female posterior end. 8454, MZB 2015-8455) and three female paratypes (MZB 2015- Discussion 8456, MZB 2015-8458, MZB 2015-8459) were deposited in the Museu de Ciencies Naturals de Barcelona (Natural Science The studied specimens of Aonchotheca resemble the Capillaria Museum of Barcelona).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Gastrointestinal Helminthic Parasites of Habituated Wild Chimpanzees
    Aus dem Institut für Parasitologie und Tropenveterinärmedizin des Fachbereichs Veterinärmedizin der Freien Universität Berlin Gastrointestinal helminthic parasites of habituated wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in the Taï NP, Côte d’Ivoire − including characterization of cultured helminth developmental stages using genetic markers Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors der Veterinärmedizin an der Freien Universität Berlin vorgelegt von Sonja Metzger Tierärztin aus München Berlin 2014 Journal-Nr.: 3727 Gedruckt mit Genehmigung des Fachbereichs Veterinärmedizin der Freien Universität Berlin Dekan: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Jürgen Zentek Erster Gutachter: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Georg von Samson-Himmelstjerna Zweiter Gutachter: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Heribert Hofer Dritter Gutachter: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Achim Gruber Deskriptoren (nach CAB-Thesaurus): chimpanzees, helminths, host parasite relationships, fecal examination, characterization, developmental stages, ribosomal RNA, mitochondrial DNA Tag der Promotion: 10.06.2015 Contents I INTRODUCTION ---------------------------------------------------- 1- 4 I.1 Background 1- 3 I.2 Study objectives 4 II LITERATURE OVERVIEW --------------------------------------- 5- 37 II.1 Taï National Park 5- 7 II.1.1 Location and climate 5- 6 II.1.2 Vegetation and fauna 6 II.1.3 Human pressure and impact on the park 7 II.2 Chimpanzees 7- 12 II.2.1 Status 7 II.2.2 Group sizes and composition 7- 9 II.2.3 Territories and ranging behavior 9 II.2.4 Diet and hunting behavior 9- 10 II.2.5 Contact with humans 10 II.2.6
    [Show full text]
  • This Is an Open Access Document Downloaded from ORCA, Cardiff University's Institutional Repository
    This is an Open Access document downloaded from ORCA, Cardiff University's institutional repository: http://orca.cf.ac.uk/117055/ This is the author’s version of a work that was submitted to / accepted for publication. Citation for final published version: Jorge, F., White, R.S.A. and Paterson, Rachel A. 2018. Hiding in the swamp: new capillariid nematode parasitizing New Zealand brown mudfish. Journal of Helminthology 92 (3) , pp. 379-386. 10.1017/S0022149X17000530 file Publishers page: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X17000530 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X17000530> Please note: Changes made as a result of publishing processes such as copy-editing, formatting and page numbers may not be reflected in this version. For the definitive version of this publication, please refer to the published source. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite this paper. This version is being made available in accordance with publisher policies. See http://orca.cf.ac.uk/policies.html for usage policies. Copyright and moral rights for publications made available in ORCA are retained by the copyright holders. Title: Hiding in the swamp: new capillariid nematode parasitizing New Zealand brown mudfish Authors: Fátima Jorge1, Richard S. A. White2 and Rachel A. Paterson1,3 Addresses: 1Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; 2School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; 3School of Biosciences, University of Cardiff, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, United Kingdom Running headline: Capillariid nematode parasitizing New Zealand mudfish Corresponding author: Fátima Jorge Department of Zoology, University of Otago, 340 Great King Street, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand e-mail: [email protected] 1 Abstract The extent of New Zealand’s freshwater fish-parasite diversity has yet to be fully revealed, with host-parasite relationships still to be described from nearly half the known fish community.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.NEW HOST RECORDS and GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF
    Mastozoología Neotropical ISSN: 0327-9383 [email protected] Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos Argentina Robles, María del Rosario; Navone, Graciela T. NEW HOST RECORDS AND GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF SPECIES OF Trichuris (NEMATODA: TRICHURIIDAE) IN RODENTS FROM ARGENTINA WITH AN UPDATED SUMMARY OF RECORDS FROM AMERICA Mastozoología Neotropical, vol. 21, núm. 1, 2014, pp. 67-78 Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos Tucumán, Argentina Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=45731230008 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Mastozoología Neotropical, 21(1):67-78, Mendoza, 2014 Copyright ©SAREM, 2014 Versión impresa ISSN 0327-9383 http://www.sarem.org.ar Versión on-line ISSN 1666-0536 Artículo NEW HOST RECORDS AND GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF SPECIES OF Trichuris (NEMATODA: TRICHURIIDAE) IN RODENTS FROM ARGENTINA WITH AN UPDATED SUMMARY OF RECORDS FROM AMERICA María del Rosario Robles and Graciela T. Navone Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores CEPAVE (CCT-CONICET La Plata) (UNLP), Calle 2 # 584, (1900) La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina [correspondence: María del Rosario Robles <[email protected]>]. ABSTRACT. Species of Trichuris have a cosmopolitan distribution and parasitize a broad range of mammalian hosts. Although, the prevalence and intensity of this genus depends on many factors, the life cycles and char- acteristics of the environment have been the main aspect used to explain their geographical distribution. In this paper, we provide new host and geographical records for the species of Trichuris from Sigmodontinae rodents in Argentina.
    [Show full text]
  • Worms, Nematoda
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of 2001 Worms, Nematoda Scott Lyell Gardner University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/parasitologyfacpubs Part of the Parasitology Commons Gardner, Scott Lyell, "Worms, Nematoda" (2001). Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology. 78. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/parasitologyfacpubs/78 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Published in Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Volume 5 (2001): 843-862. Copyright 2001, Academic Press. Used by permission. Worms, Nematoda Scott L. Gardner University of Nebraska, Lincoln I. What Is a Nematode? Diversity in Morphology pods (see epidermis), and various other inverte- II. The Ubiquitous Nature of Nematodes brates. III. Diversity of Habitats and Distribution stichosome A longitudinal series of cells (sticho- IV. How Do Nematodes Affect the Biosphere? cytes) that form the anterior esophageal glands Tri- V. How Many Species of Nemata? churis. VI. Molecular Diversity in the Nemata VII. Relationships to Other Animal Groups stoma The buccal cavity, just posterior to the oval VIII. Future Knowledge of Nematodes opening or mouth; usually includes the anterior end of the esophagus (pharynx). GLOSSARY pseudocoelom A body cavity not lined with a me- anhydrobiosis A state of dormancy in various in- sodermal epithelium.
    [Show full text]
  • New Capillariid Nematode Parasitizing New Zealand Brown Mudfish Authors
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Online Research @ Cardiff Title: Hiding in the swamp: new capillariid nematode parasitizing New Zealand brown mudfish Authors: Fátima Jorge1, Richard S. A. White2 and Rachel A. Paterson1,3 Addresses: 1Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; 2School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; 3School of Biosciences, University of Cardiff, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, United Kingdom Running headline: Capillariid nematode parasitizing New Zealand mudfish Corresponding author: Fátima Jorge Department of Zoology, University of Otago, 340 Great King Street, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand e-mail: [email protected] 1 Abstract The extent of New Zealand’s freshwater fish-parasite diversity has yet to be fully revealed, with host-parasite relationships still to be described from nearly half the known fish community. Whilst advancements in the number of fish species examined and parasite taxa described are being made; some parasite groups, such as nematodes, remain poorly understood. In the present study we combined morphological and molecular analyses to characterize a capillariid nematode found infecting the swim bladder of the brown mudfish Neochanna apoda, an endemic New Zealand fish from peat-swamp-forests. Morphologically, the studied nematodes are distinct from other Capillariinae taxa by the features of the male posterior end, namely the shape of the bursa lobes, and shape of spicule distal end. Male specimens were classified in three different types according to differences in shape of the bursa lobes at the posterior end, but only one was successfully molecularly characterized.
    [Show full text]
  • Parasite Findings in Archeological Remains: a Paleogeographic View 20
    Part III - Parasite Findings in Archeological Remains: a paleogeographic view 20. The Findings in South America Luiz Fernando Ferreira Léa Camillo-Coura Martín H. Fugassa Marcelo Luiz Carvalho Gonçalves Luciana Sianto Adauto Araújo SciELO Books / SciELO Livros / SciELO Libros FERREIRA, L.F., et al. The Findings in South America. In: FERREIRA, L.F., REINHARD, K.J., and ARAÚJO, A., ed. Foundations of Paleoparasitology [online]. Rio de Janeiro: Editora FIOCRUZ, 2014, pp. 307-339. ISBN: 978-85-7541-598-6. Available from: doi: 10.7476/9788575415986.0022. Also available in ePUB from: http://books.scielo.org/id/zngnn/epub/ferreira-9788575415986.epub. All the contents of this work, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Todo o conteúdo deste trabalho, exceto quando houver ressalva, é publicado sob a licença Creative Commons Atribição 4.0. Todo el contenido de esta obra, excepto donde se indique lo contrario, está bajo licencia de la licencia Creative Commons Reconocimento 4.0. The Findings in South America 305 The Findings in South America 20 The Findings in South America Luiz Fernando Ferreira • Léa Camillo-Coura • Martín H. Fugassa Marcelo Luiz Carvalho Gonçalves • Luciana Sianto • Adauto Araújo n South America, paleoparasitology first developed with studies in Brazil, consolidating this new science that Ireconstructs past events in the parasite-host relationship. Many studies on parasites in South American archaeological material were conducted on human mummies from the Andes (Ferreira, Araújo & Confalonieri, 1988). However, interest also emerged in parasites of animals, with studies of coprolites found in archaeological layers as a key source of ancient climatic data (Araújo, Ferreira & Confalonieri, 1982).
    [Show full text]
  • Gastrointestinal Parasites of Maned Wolf
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.20013 Original Article Gastrointestinal parasites of maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus, Illiger 1815) in a suburban area in southeastern Brazil Massara, RL.a*, Paschoal, AMO.a and Chiarello, AG.b aPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Conservação e Manejo de Vida Silvestre – ECMVS, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais – UFMG, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil bDepartamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil *e-mail: [email protected] Received: November 7, 2013 – Accepted: January 21, 2014 – Distributed: August 31, 2015 (With 3 figures) Abstract We examined 42 maned wolf scats in an unprotected and disturbed area of Cerrado in southeastern Brazil. We identified six helminth endoparasite taxa, being Phylum Acantocephala and Family Trichuridae the most prevalent. The high prevalence of the Family Ancylostomatidae indicates a possible transmission via domestic dogs, which are abundant in the study area. Nevertheless, our results indicate that the endoparasite species found are not different from those observed in protected or least disturbed areas, suggesting a high resilience of maned wolf and their parasites to human impacts, or a common scenario of disease transmission from domestic dogs to wild canid whether in protected or unprotected areas of southeastern Brazil. Keywords: Chrysocyon brachyurus, impacted area, parasites, scat analysis. Parasitas gastrointestinais de lobo-guará (Chrysocyon brachyurus, Illiger 1815) em uma área suburbana no sudeste do Brasil Resumo Foram examinadas 42 fezes de lobo-guará em uma área desprotegida e perturbada do Cerrado no sudeste do Brasil.
    [Show full text]
  • Paleoparasitological Results for Rodent Coprolites from Santa Cruz Province, Argentina
    Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Vol. 105(1): 33-40, February 2010 33 Paleoparasitological results for rodent coprolites from Santa Cruz Province, Argentina Norma Haydée Sardella1, 4/+, Martín Horacio Fugassa1, 4, Diego Damián Rindel2, 4, Rafael Agustín Goñi2,3 1Laboratorio de Paleoparasitología, Universidad Nacional de Mar Del Plata, Funes 3250, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina 2Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano, Buenos Aires, Argentina 3Universidad de Buenos Aires, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina 4Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina The aim of this study was to examine the parasite remains present in rodent coprolites collected from the ar- chaeological site Alero Destacamento Guardaparque (ADG) located in the Perito Moreno National Park (Santa Cruz Province, 47º57’S 72º05’W). Forty-eight coprolites were obtained from the layers 7, 6 and 5 of ADG, dated at 6,700 ± 70, 4,900 ± 70 and 3,440 ± 70 years BP, respectively. The faecal samples were processed and examined using paleoparasitological procedures. A total of 582 eggs of parasites were found in 47 coprolites. Samples were positive for eggs of Trichuris sp. (Nematoda: Trichuridae), Calodium sp., Eucoleus sp., Echinocoleus sp. and an unidentified capillariid (Nematoda: Capillariidae) and for eggs of Monoecocestus (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae). Quantitative differences among layer for both coprolites and parasites were recorded. In this study, the
    [Show full text]
  • Trichuriasis Importance Trichuriasis Is Caused by Various Species of Trichuris, Nematode Parasites Also Known As Whipworms
    Trichuriasis Importance Trichuriasis is caused by various species of Trichuris, nematode parasites also known as whipworms. Whipworms are common in the intestinal tracts of mammals, Trichocephaliasis, although their prevalence may be low in some host species or regions. Infections are Trichocephalosis, often asymptomatic; however, some individuals develop diarrhea, and more serious Whipworm Infestation effects, including dysentery, intestinal bleeding and anemia, are possible if the worm burden is high or the individual is particularly susceptible. T. trichiura is the species of whipworm normally found in humans. A few clinical cases have been attributed to Last Updated: January 2019 T. vulpis, a whipworm of canids, and T. suis, which normally infects pigs. While such zoonotic infections are generally thought uncommon, recent surveys found T. suis or T. vulpis eggs in a significant number of human fecal samples in some countries. T. suis is also being investigated in human clinical trials as a therapeutic agent for various autoimmune and allergic diseases. The rationale for its use is the correlation between an increased incidence of these conditions and reduced levels of exposure to parasites among people in developed countries. There is relatively little information about cross-species transmission of Trichuris spp. in animals. However, the eggs of T. trichiura have been detected in the feces of some pigs, dogs and cats in tropical areas with poor sanitation, raising the possibility of reverse zoonoses. One double-blind, placebo-controlled study investigated T. vulpis for therapeutic use in dogs with atopic dermatitis, but no significant effects were found. Etiology Trichuriasis is caused by members of the genus Trichuris, nematode parasites in the family Trichuridae.
    [Show full text]
  • Testing the Hypothesis of Recent Population Expansions in Nematode Parasites of Human-Associated Hosts
    Heredity (2005) 94, 426–434 & 2005 Nature Publishing Group All rights reserved 0018-067X/05 $30.00 www.nature.com/hdy Testing the hypothesis of recent population expansions in nematode parasites of human-associated hosts DA Morrison and J Ho¨glund Department of Parasitology (SWEPAR), National Veterinary Institute and Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 751 89 Uppsala, Sweden It has been predicted that parasites of human-associated prediction. However, it is likely that the situation is more organisms (eg humans, domestic pets, farm animals, complicated than the simple hypothesis test suggests, and agricultural and silvicultural plants) are more likely to show those species that do not fit the predicted general pattern rapid recent population expansions than are parasites of provide interesting insights into other evolutionary processes other hosts. Here, we directly test the generality of this that influence the historical population genetics of host– demographic prediction for species of parasitic nematodes parasite relationships. These processes include the effects of that currently have mitochondrial sequence data available in postglacial migrations, evolutionary relationships and possi- the literature or the public-access genetic databases. Of the bly life-history characteristics. Furthermore, the analysis 23 host/parasite combinations analysed, there are seven highlights the limitations of this form of bioinformatic data- human-associated parasite species with expanding popula- mining, in comparison to controlled experimental
    [Show full text]
  • JOURNAL of NEMATOLOGY First Report of Molecular Characterization
    JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY Article | DOI: 10.21307/jofnem-2020-036 e2020-36 | Vol. 52 First report of molecular characterization and phylogeny of Trichuris fossor Hall, 1916 (Nematoda: Trichuridae) Malorri R. Hughes1,*, Deborah A. Duffield1, Abstract Dana K. Howe2 and Dee R. Denver2 Because species of Trichuris are morphologically similar and ranges 1Department of Biology, Portland of host preference are variable, using molecular data to evaluate spe- State University, 1719 SW 10th Ave, cies delineations is essential for properly quantifying biodiversity of SRTC Rm 246, Portland, Oregon, and relationships within Trichuridae. Trichuris fossor has been report- 97201. ed from Thomomys spp. (Rodentia: Geomyidae, ‘pocket gophers’) hosts based on morphological features alone. Partial 18S rRNA se- 2Department of Integrative Biology, quences for specimens identified as T. fossor based on morphol- Oregon State University, 3029 ogy, along with sequences from 26 additional taxa, were used for Cordley Hall, Corvallis, Oregon, a phylogenetic analysis. Evolutionary histories were constructed us- 97331. ing maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. In both analyses, *E-mail: [email protected] the specimens fell within the Trichuris clade with 100% support and formed a distinct subclade with 100% support. These results confirm This paper was edited by that T. fossor is a distinct species and represent the first molecular Zafar Ahmad Handoo. report for it. Relatedness among species within the family were well Received for publication resolved in the BI tree. This study represents an initial effort to obtain November 7, 2019. a more comprehensive view of Trichuridae by including a new clade member, T. fossor. A better understanding of Trichuridae phylogeny could contribute to further characterization of host-associations, in- cluding species that infect livestock and humans.
    [Show full text]
  • Eucoleus Garfiai (Gállego Et Mas-Coma, 1975) (Nematoda
    Parasitology International 73 (2019) 101972 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Parasitology International journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/parint Eucoleus garfiai (Gállego et Mas-Coma, 1975) (Nematoda: Capillariidae) infection in wild boars (Sus scrofa leucomystax) from the Amakusa Islands, T Japan ⁎ Aya Masudaa, , Kaede Kameyamaa, Miho Gotoa, Kouichiro Narasakib, Hirotaka Kondoa, Hisashi Shibuyaa, Jun Matsumotoa a Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan b Narasaki Animal Medical Center, 133-5 Hondomachi-Hirose, Amakusa, Kumamoto 863-0001, Japan ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: We examined lingual tissues of Japanese wild boars (Sus scrofa leucomystax) captured in the Amakusa Islands off Amakusa Islands the coast of Kumamoto Prefecture. One hundred and forty wild boars were caught in 11 different locations in Family Capillariidae Kamishima (n = 36) and Shimoshima (n = 104) in the Amakusa Islands, Japan between January 2016 and April fi Eucoleus gar ai 2018. Lingual tissues were subjected to histological examinations, where helminths and their eggs were observed Sus scrofa leucomystax in the epithelium of 51 samples (36.4%). No significant differences in prevalence were observed according to maturity, sex or capture location. Lingual tissues positive for helminth infection were randomly selected and intact male and female worms were collected for morphological measurements. Based on the host species, site of infection, and morphological details, we identified the parasite as Eucoleus garfiai (Gállego et Mas-Coma, 1975) Moravec, 1982 (syn. Capillaria garfiai). This is the first report from outside Europe of E. garfiai infection in wild boars. Phylogenetic analysis of the parasite using the 18S ribosomal RNA gene sequence confirmed that the parasite grouped with other Eucoleus species, providing additional nucleotide sequence for this genus.
    [Show full text]