Chrysobalanaceae from Amazonia
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New and interesting Chrysobalanaceae from Amazonia GtiiLLEAN T. PRANCE B. A. Krukoff, 01rador o f A ruazonian bolaJo~, The N ew York Botanical Garden. ABSTRACT acuminem 10-18 mm longum contractae. basi subcuneatae, supra glabrae, subtus dense la In this paper the most interesting and recent natae, profunde reticulatae; costa media supra tollections l'l'!ade by the author in the Amazoruan j3razil and by other collectors are discussed here in impressa versus basim tomentella, subtus this addition to his monograph of the Neotropical prominenti; costis secundari is 9-11 jugis su members of the Cbrysobalanaceae. Three new species pra planis subtus prominentibus. Flores cir ::.ra also descrideb. ca 2. 5 mm longi in paniculis terminalibus axillaribusque dispositi, rachi ramisque to mentellis. Bracteae bracteolaeque ovato-lan lNTRODUCTION ceolatae circa 0.6 mm longae persistentes. pubescentes. Receptaculum campanulaturn, Since the preparation of my monograph of extus tomentellum, intus tomentosum; pedi the Neotropical members of the Chrysobafa· cello circa O. 4 mm longo. Calycis-lobi 5, to naceae (Prance, 1972), I have made 136 further mentos i. Peta la nulla. Stamina 7, unilateralia, collections during a year of fieldwork in Arna inclusa, 3 grandes, 4 parviores steriles, fila zonian Brazil in collaboration with the Instituto mentis glabris, liberis. Ovarium ad basim Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia. The most receptaculum in~ertum, lanato- pubescens. interesting o f these recent collections as we! I Stylus e basi ovarii ortus, ad apicem lanatus. as a few made by other collectors are discussed Fructus mihi ignoti. here in this first addition to the monograph, and 3 new species are described. Some of the Type: H. Jiménez-Saa 1549, Suriname, collections cited are very large range ex Fallawatra, Nickerie District, mesophytic forest, tensions, particularly of species previously flowering November 1971 (holo1ype, NY; iso known only from around Manaus (Fig. 1) . type, LBB 14282). This is indicative of the need for further col Local name : Rode Kwepi (Suriname) lections away from the population centers to fill in the many distribution gaps in our This species belongs to Licania subgenus knowledge of the Amazon flora. Licania, section Licania. lt is, however, most distinct not easily confused with any other species. The numerous axillary inflorescences, 1 . Licania Aubl. and the two types of stamens distinguish this species. The larger stamens are fertile, th-e Licania jimenezii Prance, sp. nov. smaller ones have well developeà anthers but (Fig. 2) abortive pollen. L. jimenezii is probably closest Arbor 26 m alta, ramulis juvenilibus to to L. a/ba and L. robusta. lt differs from L. mentellis mox glabris. Stipulae caducae (haud alba in the much smaller bracteoles and flowers, visae) . Folia alternata, petiolata, petiolo 15-20 the less conspicous leaf reticulations, the lon mm longo, leviter canaliculato, breviter to ger petioles, and the stamens etc., and from L. mentello, versus basim cum glandulis duobus robusta in the smaller flowers, the pubescent vel pluribus munito; laminae oblongo-ellipticae, inflorescence, the grandular petioles, the ca 14-19 em longae, 6-7.5 em latae, apice in ducous stipules, the impressed midrib etc. -7 licania couepifolia Prance, FI. Neotropica This first collection of L . kunthiana from 9: 134. 1972. Acre, considerably extends to the southwe<:t 0/denburger. Norde & Schulz 1256, Surina the known range of the widespread species. me, Sipalwini area, 56°5' - 56° 15'W; 1°50' - Licania wurdackii Prance, FI. Neotrop;ca 2°5 N, fruiting 1971, lowland tropical forest fNY, LBB). 9 : 63 o 1972 This is the second collection of this most Prance et a/. 15426, Brazil. Amazonas, Rio distinct species of Licania, which was first Uneiuxi, 2 km above mouth, flowering 15 Octo collected from Guyana in the l:soequibo river ber 1971. basin. The Suriname material adds fruits for This species was described from matenal the first time. The young frui ts are pyriform col l e~;ted m Venezuela and on the Rio Negro 2. 5 em long, with a much wrinkiE'd velu'i:inous above Uaupés. Thus, the present col lect10n epicarp. 8Xi:end::. the range considerably eustwards. The Licania kunthiana Hook. f. Mart. FI. Bras plant was a shrub of 3 m with numerous sepa 14 (2): 16 o 1867. rate trunks. growing amongst rocks, and its Maas et ai . 12658, Brazil, Acre. Sern de habit is quite different from L. a peta/a to which Moa, flowering April 29, 1971. it is rn ost closely related . 80 lO •o , -, o .' C.eloto o 9 C.longipendulo li ô!f H. rodrigues1i o '. 201---\-- ----- - - 1,- ; -----j2o • ~. F:G. I - Distribution map showing some range extcnsi ons from 197 1 fieldwork. • , ' C ou epia e/ata Duckc: o , <;> - Couepia fongipendufa Pilg .; ~ , ~ = 1-/ irre//a rodriguesii Prancc . Thc symbols with a line beneath reprc· \Cnt the range extensions by 197 I collections. 8- c FIG. 2- Licania jimenezii (H. Jiménez-Saa 1549). A, habil, x 0.5; B, flower, x 13; C. flower section. x 13 ; D, leaf undersurface, x 2. -9 Licania urceolaris Hook. f., Mart. FI. Bra~ versus basim sparse pilosus supra glabrus. 14 (2): 15. 1867. Fructus mihi ignoti. Prance et a/. 11939, Brazil, Acre. Cruzeiro Type : Prance, D. Coêlho & Monteiro 14942. do Sul, Estrada Alemanha, fruiting April 15. Brazil. Amazonas, Rio Cueiras just below mouth 1971. of Rio Branquinho, flowering September 1971 This is the first collection of this species (holotype, NY; isotypes, FHO, INPA). from Acre. Habitat : Forest on non-flooded ground. Coupeia glabra is quite unlike any of the 2. Couepia Aubl. species already described, but it is probab!y closest to C. wil/iamsii from which it differs in Couepia elata Ducke, Arch1v. lnst. Biol. the usually paniculate inflorescence, the larger Veg. Rio de Janeiro 2: 35. 1935. leaves, the almost glabrous style, the glabrous Prance et a/. 11943, Brazil, Acre, Cruzeiro underside of the leaves, as well as in a number do Sul, Estrada Alemanha. flowering April 15 of additional small cha racters. 1971. The material available contams 4 inflores This species was previously known only by cences, and I was able to observe these closely the many collections from the vicinity of Ma in the field since the terminal ones are reather naus. This new collection extends t he known different from the axillary ones. The inflores range considerably, see Fig . 1 . The Acre cence branches are very short in both inflo collection has the same type of flaking bark rescences and often bear only a síngle flower which makes this species so easy to recognize In the axillary inflorescences the branches are in the field around Manaus. sometimes much reduced giv1ng a recemose appearance. Couepia glabra Prance, sp. nov. The leaves are also polymorphic since the (Fig. 3) apical ones are smaller and more oblong than Arbor 10 m alta, ramulis juvenilibus mox the larger oblong-lanceolate leaves of the lowf:r glabris. Stipulae circa 2 mm longae, lanceola branches. Since I collected this species m i· tae membranaceae, caducae. Folia alternata self I was able to verify carefully this variation petiolata, petiolo 8-12 mm longo, glabro, can?.li · in the inflorescence and leaves, which is greater culato, rugoso, eglanduloso, laminae oblongae than in most species of Couepia. vel oblongo-lanceolatae, 11-21 em longae, 4-7 em latae, coriaceae, apice in acuminem 5-9 mm Couepia krukovii Standl., Publ. Field Mus. longum, plerumque curvatae contractae, basi Bot. 17: 250. 1937. subcuneatae, utrinque glabrae; costa media Prance et a/. 16315, Brazil , Amazonas, Rio utrinque prominenti; costis secundariis 16-17 Purus between Redenção and ltaboca. jugis, subtus prominentibus, supra prominulis This is the first collection since the vel planis. Flores in paniculis terminalibus Krukoff types. lt extends the known range o f axillaribusque 4. 5-9 em longi dispositi vel raro this species from the basin of the Rio Madeira in racemis dispositi, rachi ramisque minute to that of the Rio Purus. sparse puberulís. Receptaculum cylindrico Couepia longipendula Pílger, Notizbl. Bot. turbinatum 15-20 mm longum, extus in ala Gart. Berlin 6: 141. 1914. bastrum minute sparse puberulum mox gla brum, intus prope faucem infra staminem pilis Prance et a/. 16143, Brazil, Amaoznas, deflexis dense tomentosum, versus basim gla Rio Curicuriari, foothills of Serra Curicuriari· brum . Calycis-lobi 5, juvenil i sparse puberuli flowering November 5, 1971: Prance et a/. 16521, mox glabri, marginibus ciliatis. Petala 5 Brazil, Amazonas, R10 Cunhuá at Deni indian glabra, caduca . Stamina circa 11 O, in orbem víllage, 6°43 S, 66°47 W, fruiting November 29, completum disposita, versus basim tomento 1971. sum, glabra. Ovarium ad faucem receptaculi Th ís species was previously known only be insertum, pilosum. Stylus e basi ovarii ortus, the numerous collectíons form the vícinity of 10- A B FLG. 3 - Couepia ~:/abra (Pnmce et ai. /4942). A, habit, x O. 5; B, flower. x 1; C, Clower section, x I. - 11 Manaus. lt is interestíng that in fact it is lnflorescente Always branched Racemose, obviously distributed in western Amazonia, as or rarely the collections cited above are from 2 widely slightly separated localities well outside the previous branched known range of this species, see Fig. 1. This demonstrates that the character of Couepia maguirei Prance, FI. Neotropica racemose versus paniculate inftorescence rs 9: 214. 1972. not as re liable for the division of Hirtella as (Fig. 4) indicated in some previous treatments of the Prance et ai. 16035, Brazil, Amazonas, Rio genus. This was found in the preparation of Negro at Camanaus, flowering November 2, Prance (1972), where severa! species were 1971. shown to have either racemosa or paniculate This species was described from material inflorescences, e. g. H. hebeclada Moric. ex collected in Venezuela and highet· up the Rio DC .