Student Handbook 2019–2020
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Merchants and the Origins of Capitalism
Merchants and the Origins of Capitalism Sophus A. Reinert Robert Fredona Working Paper 18-021 Merchants and the Origins of Capitalism Sophus A. Reinert Harvard Business School Robert Fredona Harvard Business School Working Paper 18-021 Copyright © 2017 by Sophus A. Reinert and Robert Fredona Working papers are in draft form. This working paper is distributed for purposes of comment and discussion only. It may not be reproduced without permission of the copyright holder. Copies of working papers are available from the author. Merchants and the Origins of Capitalism Sophus A. Reinert and Robert Fredona ABSTRACT: N.S.B. Gras, the father of Business History in the United States, argued that the era of mercantile capitalism was defined by the figure of the “sedentary merchant,” who managed his business from home, using correspondence and intermediaries, in contrast to the earlier “traveling merchant,” who accompanied his own goods to trade fairs. Taking this concept as its point of departure, this essay focuses on the predominantly Italian merchants who controlled the long‐distance East‐West trade of the Mediterranean during the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Until the opening of the Atlantic trade, the Mediterranean was Europe’s most important commercial zone and its trade enriched European civilization and its merchants developed the most important premodern mercantile innovations, from maritime insurance contracts and partnership agreements to the bill of exchange and double‐entry bookkeeping. Emerging from literate and numerate cultures, these merchants left behind an abundance of records that allows us to understand how their companies, especially the largest of them, were organized and managed. -
Tour Violet – Flowers and Villas of Tuscany
The Italian specialist for group tours Botanico - Tour Violet – Flowers and Villas of The tour includes: Tuscany - 6 Days Transportation and Hotels - Arrival transfer from Florence Airport to the hotel Florence - Pisa - Lucca - Siena - San Gimignano and Volterra in Florence - Departure transfer from the hotel to Florence Airport Tuscany's magigal Gardens and Villas - Deluxe AC motor-coach as per the above itinerary - 5 nights at a 4*Hotel Diplomat or similar Food and Drinks ITINERARY - 5 buffet breakfasts - 1 dinner at the hotel on arrival day Day 1: Arrive in Florence Experiences and Services Arrival transfer from Florence Airport to the hotel in Florence. Check-in, welcome drink - 5 hour city tour of Florence with English speaking guide and rest of the day at leisure. - Entrance fee to Boboli Gardens Hotel in Florence MEALS D - Entrance fee to Villa Bardini Gardens - 2 hour city tour of Pisa with English speaking guide Day 2: Florence - Entrance fee to the Botanical Garden in Pisa - 2 hour city tour of Siena with English speaking Boboli Garden and Villa Bardini‘s Garden guide The art and cultural metropolis of Florence is a must for all travelers to Tuscany. The - Entrance fee to Villa Geggiano Cathedral dominates the cityscape and together with the Campanile and the Baptistery - English-speaking botanical tour escort throughout forms one of the most magnificent works of art in the world. The austerity and beauty the tour - Porterage on arrival and departure at the hotel of this city and the pride of the Florentines is manifested in an unique way in the - Headsets throughout the tour Palazzo Vecchio. -
40"" Anniversary of Del Verbum International Congress "Sacred Scripture in the Life of the Church" CATHOLIC BIBLICAL FEDERATION 4T
VERBUM ic Biblical Federation I I I I I } i V \ 40"" Anniversary of Del Verbum International Congress "Sacred Scripture in the Life of the Church" CATHOLIC BIBLICAL FEDERATION 4t BULLETIN DEI VERBUM is a quarterly publica tion in English, French, German and Spanish. Editors Alexander M. Schweitzer Glaudio EttI Assistant to the editors Dorothea Knabe Production and layout bm-projekte, 70771 Leinf.-Echterdingen A subscription for one year consists of four issues beginning the quarter payment is Dei Verbum Congress 2005 received. Please indicate in which language you wish to receive the BULLETIN DEI VERBUM. Summary Subscription rates ■ Ordinary subscription: US$ 201 €20 ■ Supporting subscription: US$ 34 / € 34 Audience Granted by Pope Benedict XVI « Third World countries: US$ 14 / € 14 ■ Students: US$ 14/€ 14 Message of the Holy Father Air mail delivery: US$ 7 / € 7 extra In order to cover production costs we recom mend a supporting subscription. For mem Solemn Opening bers of the Catholic Biblical Federation the The Word of God In the Life of the Church subscription fee is included in the annual membership fee. Greeting Address by the CBF President Msgr. Vincenzo Paglia 6 Banking details General Secretariat "Ut Dei Verbum currat" (Address as indicated below) LIGA Bank, Stuttgart Opening Address of the Exhibition by the CBF General Secretary A l e x a n d e r M . S c h w e i t z e r 1 1 Account No. 64 59 820 IBAN-No. DE 28 7509 0300 0006 4598 20 BIO Code GENODEF1M05 Or per check to the General Secretariat. -
Prato and Montemurlo Tuscany That Points to the Future
Prato Area Prato and Montemurlo Tuscany that points to the future www.pratoturismo.it ENG Prato and Montemurlo Prato and Montemurlo one after discover treasures of the Etruscan the other, lying on a teeming and era, passing through the Middle busy plain, surrounded by moun- Ages and reaching the contempo- tains and hills in the heart of Tu- rary age. Their geographical posi- scany, united by a common destiny tion is strategic for visiting a large that has made them famous wor- part of Tuscany; a few kilometers ldwide for the production of pre- away you can find Unesco heritage cious and innovative fabrics, offer sites (the two Medici Villas of Pog- historical, artistic and landscape gio a Caiano and Artimino), pro- attractions of great importance. tected areas and cities of art among Going to these territories means the most famous in the world, such making a real journey through as Florence, Lucca, Pisa and Siena. time, through artistic itineraries to 2 3 Prato contemporary city between tradition and innovation PRATO CONTEMPORARY CITY BETWEEN TRADITION AND INNOVATION t is the second city in combination is in two highly repre- Tuscany and the third in sentative museums of the city: the central Italy for number Textile Museum and the Luigi Pec- of inhabitants, it is a ci Center for Contemporary Art. The contemporary city ca- city has written its history on the art pable of combining tradition and in- of reuse, wool regenerated from rags novation in a synthesis that is always has produced wealth, style, fashion; at the forefront, it is a real open-air the art of reuse has entered its DNA laboratory. -
Romantic Italian Holiday – London to Florence
Romantic Italian Holiday – London to Florence https://www.irtsociety.com/journey/romantic-italian-holiday-london-to-florence/ Overview The Highlights - Two nights at the five-star Villa San Michele, a former monastery overlooking the Renaissance city of Florence - Two nights at the palatial Cipriani Hotel in Venice, perfectly situated just minutes from the Piazza San Marco, yet blissfully removed from the tourist crush The Society of International Railway Travelers | irtsociety.com | (800) 478-4881 Page 1/6 - Double compartment Venice-Paris-Calais on the Venice Simplon-Orient-Express - Afternoon tea, wine and champagne on the British Pullman from the English Channel to London - Sumptuous breakfast daily at your hotels - Private guide/driver for half-day each in Florence & Venice - First-class, high-speed-rail tickets Florence-Venice - Airport/rail station/hotel transfers Florence & Venice The Tour Try this for Romance: two nights in Florence at the Belmond Villa San Michele, a former monastery turned five-star hotel; two nights in Venice at the Belmond Hotel Cipriani, iconic waterside pleasure palace overlooking the Grand Canal; two days and a night on the Venice Simplon-Orient-Express, capped off by afternoon tea on the British Pullman into London. Perfect for honeymoons, anniversary celebrations, or any other occasion demanding over-the-top luxury and romance. Package includes hotels, breakfast daily, railway station/airport/hotel transfers, tours, Florence-Venice high-speed rail transfer, and more. Extend your celebration: add London's romantic Milestone Hotel for a two-night stay and enjoy complimentary afternoon tea for two. Special Report: View travel notes by Society owners Owen & Eleanor Hardy, who celebrated their 30th wedding anniversary on the Orient-Express Venice-Paris-London. -
Fistful of Tears”: Encounters with Transnational Affect, Chinese Immigrants and Italian Fast Fashion Elizabeth L
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Anthropology Department Faculty Publication Anthropology Series 2015 Fistful of Tears”: Encounters with Transnational Affect, Chinese Immigrants and Italian Fast Fashion Elizabeth L. Krause University of Massachusetts Amherst, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/anthro_faculty_pubs Part of the Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Krause, Elizabeth L., "Fistful of Tears”: Encounters with Transnational Affect, Chinese Immigrants and Italian Fast Fashion" (2015). CAMBIO. 334. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/anthro_faculty_pubs/334 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Anthropology at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Anthropology Department Faculty Publication Series by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Elizabeth L. Krause [“Fistful of Tears”] Encounters with Transnational Affect, Chinese Immigrants and Italian Fast Fashion Abstract: In the made in italy fast-fashion sector, the ultimate flexible workers are Chinese migrants, whose parenting practices include circulating children back to China. This paper draws on collaborative research in Prato, Italy, to grasp how Chinese families and individuals encounter the Italian state and negotiate the terms of transnational capitalism. The project innovates an encounter ethnography framework to guide research. This paper investigates the dialectic between economics and affect. Chinese immigrants’ desires to make money are situated in three structural encounters, each at a different level of scale: the Wenzhou regional model of economic development; a Central Italian small-firm environment connected to the made in italy brand; and global restructuring of the textile and clothing industry. -
EVENTI Il Centro Storico Si Attraversa in Quindici Minuti: Camminare Fa Bene E, Alzando Lo Sguardo, Si Apprezza La Bellezza Attorno
Benvenuti a Firenze! Vi auguro un lieto soggiorno nella nostra città. E’ di noi tutti perché è patrimonio dell’umanità; sentitevi a casa e amatela. Fiorenza, la città del fiore, culla del Rinascimento. Facciamola rinascere ogni giorno, riscopriamo i talenti e la creatività che ne hanno fatto la gloria e che continuano a sbocciare. Abbiamo liberato dal traffico e restituito a cittadini e visitatori luoghi importanti: piazza Duomo, piazza Pitti, via Tornabuoni. Con oltre 6 ettari di nuove pedonalizzazioni, diventiamo un modello di città sostenibile, bella e vivibile nello stesso tempo. EVENTI Il centro storico si attraversa in quindici minuti: camminare fa bene e, alzando lo sguardo, si apprezza la bellezza attorno. Nel 2011 è nata la Firenze Card, che permette di visitare 50 musei senza fretta, evitando code e prenotazioni, e di viaggiare sui bus. Abbiamo dato una nuova meravigliosa casa al Maggio Musicale Fiorentino inaugurando il APRILE 2012 Nuovo Teatro dell’Opera. Il 2012 è l’anno di Amerigo, un’occasione non solo per ricordare i 500 anni dalla morte di Vespucci ma soprattutto “per dare un nome al futuro”. Abbiamo allargato la superficie espositiva del museo di Palazzo Vecchio inaugurando una nuova sezione chiamata “Tracce di Firenze”: diamo più spazio all’arte e alla storia della nostra città con mostre permanenti ed esposizioni temporanee. Aprile è un mese ricco di cultura e di sport, ma è anche periodo pasquale. Quest’anno per la prima volta la cerimonia dell’accensione del fuoco con le pietre del Santo Sepolcro sarà celebrata la sera precedente allo Scoppio del carro. Per chiudere: torna la notte fiorentina più lunga dell’anno, il 30 aprile vivremo un’altra Notte Bianca facendoci coinvolgere in spettacoli di luce, musica e installazioni artistiche nelle piazze di Firenze. -
Full Name Field Dates Project Title Abbondanza, Roberto History 1964
Full Name Field Dates Project Title Abbondanza, Umanesimo giuridico, giovinezza di history 1964/1965 Roberto Andrea Alciato George Eliot, the Florentine Abbott, Ruth literature 2016/2017 Renaissance, and the History of Scholarship Literary criticism of the Hungarian Acs, Pal literature 1993/1994 Renaissance Addona, Victoria art history 2015/2016 Dissemination of the Manner of the Adelson, Candace art history 1976/1977 1st School of Fontainebleau as evidenced in 16th-c Italian art The Bolognese villa in the age of Aksamija, Nadja art history 2012/2013 Cardinal Gabriele Paleotti I Disegni di Michelangelo per il Alberio, Elena art history 2017/2018 Cristo Risorto: Problemi di committenza e sviluppi iconografici Histoire de la dépose des peintures Albers, Geraldine art history 2001/2002 murales en Italie. Mémoire des lieux, voyage de oeuvres The humanist and his dog: the social and anthropological aspects of Almasi, Gabor literature 2006/2007 scholarly dogkeeping in the Italian Renaissance American Drawing, Renaissance Anania, Katie art history 2017/2018 Historiography, and The Remains of Humanism in the 1960s 1. A monograph on Giovanni Bellini 2. An exhibition on late Titian to Anderson, Jaynie art history 2000/2001 travel to Canberra and Melbourne, Australia A biography of Giovanni Morelli Anderson, Jaynie art history 2008/2009 (1816-1891) 'Florentinis ingeniis nihil ardui est': Andreoli, Ilaria art history 2011/2012 The Florentine Illustrated Book (1490-1550) Andreoni, Benedetto Varchi lettore di Dante e literature 2007/2008 Annalisa Petrarca all'Accademia Fiorentina The employment of 'religiosi' by Andrews, Frances history 2004/2005 governments of early Renaissance Italy Religion and Public Life in Late Andrews, Frances history 2010/2011 Medieval Italy Andrews, Noam history 2015/2016 Full Name Field Dates Project Title Genoese Galata. -
Experience Europe with Local Connection and Support
EXPERIENCE EUROPE WITH LOCAL CONNECTION AND SUPPORT NEW UNTOURS IN PORTUGAL: Porto & the Douro, Sintra & Lisbon 2019 • #UNTOURS • VOL. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS UNTOURS & VENTURES ICELAND PORTUGAL Ventures Cruises ......................................25 NEW, Sintra .....................................................6 SWITZERLAND NEW, Porto ..................................................... 7 Heartland & Oberland ..................... 26-27 SPAIN GERMANY Barcelona ........................................................8 The Rhine ..................................................28 Andalusia .........................................................9 The Castle .................................................29 ITALY Rhine & Danube River Cruises ............. 30 Tuscany ......................................................10 HOLLAND Umbria ....................................................... 11 Leiden ............................................................ 31 Venice ........................................................ 12 AUSTRIA Florence .................................................... 13 Salzburg .....................................................32 Rome..........................................................14 Vienna ........................................................33 Amalfi Coast ............................................. 15 EASTERN EUROPE FRANCE Prague ........................................................34 Provence ...................................................16 Budapest ...................................................35 -
Florence Florence Can Boast Many Histories – Artistic, Financial, Religious, the Central Point of the City’S Political and Cultural Development
AGENZIA PER IL TURISMO FIRENZE florence Florence can boast many histories – artistic, financial, religious, the central point of the city’s political and cultural development. cultural, political. These are so rich that it is impossible to sum By virtue of its geographic position and social climate, Florence them up in a few short lines. One word, however, has always dis- exercised a function of equilibrium in the history and art of the pe- tinguished the city in the eyes of the world: the Renaissance. riod known as the Renaissance. After various vicissitudes involving the Florentine Republic and history Medici restorations, another historic era started for Florence in a brief 1530 with the establishment of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. The The early Etruscan settlements sprang up on the hill of Fiesole, power of the city grew, reaching a peak with the defeat of arch-ri- while the Romans established themselves (in 59 BC) on the plain val Siena in 1555. The House of the Medici died out in the 18th around the Arno. The Forum of Roman Florentia was situated where century, giving way to the rule of the Habsburg-Lorraine, under Piazza della Republica stands today, and the inner circle of walls whom Florence also conquered Lucca (1847). Finally, the Duchy ran along today’s Via Tornabuoni, Via Cerretani and Via del Pro- entered the Kingdom of Italy in 1859 following a plebiscite. consolo. Florence was the capital of unified Italy from 1865 to 1870, dur- Miniato and Reparata were the first patron saints of Florence, ing which time Giuseppe Poggi produced an urban planning proj- which became an episcopal see in the 4th century. -
Recycled Wool in Prato, Italy: Between History and Modernity
2018 Textile Sustainability Conference | Texcursion | Updated April 27, 2018 Recycled Wool in Prato, Italy: Between History and Modernity Hosts: Confindustria Toscana Nord and ICEA Location: Prato, Italy: Tuscany Region When: Thursday, October 25, 2018 COST: $50 USD Travel: Milano Centrale train station to Florence, Italy and then local train to Prato porta al Serraglio Station. Attendee is responsible for arriving/departing to/from Milano Centrale train station on their own. This cost is NOT included. ARRIVAL: The tour begins at 11am. Recommended departure times from Milano Centrale could be at 7:20am (arrival at Prato at 09:29am) or 8:20am (arrival at 10:41am). DEPARTURE: Return to Milano Centrale by taking the 17:42 train from Prato to Florence and then arrive at Milano Centrale at 20:29 Included costs: Transport around Prato, lunch, entrance at the Textile Museum of Prato Maximum attendees: 30 Agenda (subject to change): 11:00am: Museo del Tessuto, which is at 10-minutes by walk from Prato porta al Serraglio Station. A representative from Condindustria Toscana Nord will be at the train station and will walk with you to the Museo del Tessuto. - Welcome meeting and presentation of Prato industrial cluster and of the specificities of carded (recycled) wool industry - Visit of the museum - Light lunch served in the Museo venues - After Lunch: (13:30 – 17:00) Visit of 2 companies specialised in different processes that will offer a comprehensive overview of all the manufacturing processes related to carded (recycled) wool Return to Milano Centrale by taking the 17:42 train from Prato to Florence and then arrive at Milano Centrale at 20:29 Additional Information about tour and hosts: Museo Del Tessuto Di Prato ( http://www.museodeltessuto.it/?lang=en ) The Museum was founded in 1975 within the "Tullio Buzzi" Industrial Technical Textile Institute, as the result of an initial donation of approximately 600 historical textile fragments. -
The Paradox of Being a Recognized Refugee in Italy
EDUASYL Integration of Refugees into the European educational and labour market: Requirements for a target oriented approach The paradox of being a recognized refugee in Italy : living in an open prison, Florence, Tuscany. Editors: Maria Omodeo and Claudia Zaccai Autors: Margherita Buchetti, Rita Cardini, Daria Franceschini, Chiara Trevisan Translated by: Rita Cardini 1 Contents CHAPTER 1 General Introduction – National Asylum Framework in Italy CHAPTER 2 Survey of reception centers for young asylum seekers and refugees in the City and Province of Florence Introduction 1. Methodology of work 1.2. Quantitative analysis and distribution of the reception centers on the territory 1.3. Mapping reception centers and integration programs 1.3.1. Residential centers for adults and families under International Protecion 1.3.1.1. District 1: Historic center 1.3.1.2. District 2: Campo di Marte 1.3.1.3. District 5: Rifredi 1.3.2. Centers for adults and families under International Protection. Provincial area of Florence 1.3.3. Unaccompanied minors asylum seekers 1.3.3.1. Reception centers for unaccompanied minors asylum seekers 1.3.4. Occupied buildings in the City and Province of Florence CHAPTER 3 Life stories Introduction 3.1. The journey to Italy and mobility in Europe 3.2. Family context and cultural background 3.3. Living in occupied buildings 3.4. Wishes for the future CHAPTER 4 The VET system in Italy Introduction 4.1. Training and working biographies 4.2. Italian courses 4.3. Obstacles related to VET and employment 4.4. The VET system in the Province of Florence CHAPTER 5 Good practices: “Villaggio La Brocchi” CHAPTER 6 Integration problems in Italy for people under International Protection CHAPTER 7 Recommendations 2 Chapter 1 General Introduction – National Asylum Framework in Italy The first and the most important law concerning the right of asylum in Italy is the Constitution of the Italian Republic, article 10.