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(Fungi, Entomophthoromycota) Attacking Coleoptera with a Key for Their Identification
Entomophthorales (Fungi, Entomophthoromycota) attacking Coleoptera with a key for their identification Autor(en): Keller, Siegfried Objekttyp: Article Zeitschrift: Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft = Bulletin de la Société Entomologique Suisse = Journal of the Swiss Entomological Society Band (Jahr): 86 (2013) Heft 3-4 PDF erstellt am: 05.10.2021 Persistenter Link: http://doi.org/10.5169/seals-403074 Nutzungsbedingungen Die ETH-Bibliothek ist Anbieterin der digitalisierten Zeitschriften. Sie besitzt keine Urheberrechte an den Inhalten der Zeitschriften. Die Rechte liegen in der Regel bei den Herausgebern. Die auf der Plattform e-periodica veröffentlichten Dokumente stehen für nicht-kommerzielle Zwecke in Lehre und Forschung sowie für die private Nutzung frei zur Verfügung. Einzelne Dateien oder Ausdrucke aus diesem Angebot können zusammen mit diesen Nutzungsbedingungen und den korrekten Herkunftsbezeichnungen weitergegeben werden. Das Veröffentlichen von Bildern in Print- und Online-Publikationen ist nur mit vorheriger Genehmigung der Rechteinhaber erlaubt. Die systematische Speicherung von Teilen des elektronischen Angebots auf anderen Servern bedarf ebenfalls des schriftlichen Einverständnisses der Rechteinhaber. Haftungsausschluss Alle Angaben erfolgen ohne Gewähr für Vollständigkeit oder Richtigkeit. Es wird keine Haftung übernommen für Schäden durch die Verwendung von Informationen aus diesem Online-Angebot oder durch das Fehlen von Informationen. Dies gilt auch für Inhalte Dritter, die über dieses Angebot zugänglich sind. Ein Dienst der ETH-Bibliothek ETH Zürich, Rämistrasse 101, 8092 Zürich, Schweiz, www.library.ethz.ch http://www.e-periodica.ch MITTEILUNGEN DER SCHWEIZERISCHEN ENTOMOLOGISCHEN GESELLSCHAFT BULLETIN DE LA SOCIÉTÉ ENTOMOLOGIQUE SUISSE 86: 261-279.2013 Entomophthorales (Fungi, Entomophthoromycota) attacking Coleoptera with a key for their identification Siegfried Keller Rheinweg 14, CH-8264 Eschenz; [email protected] A key to 30 species of entomophthoralean fungi is provided. -
Fungi: Identification
CHAPTER V- 1 Fungi: Identification RICHARD A. HUMBER USDA-ARS Plant Protection Research Unit, US Plant, Soil & Nutrition Laboratory, Tower Road, Ithaca, New York 14853-2901, USA a detailed guide to the diagnostic characters of many 1 INTRODUCTION important fungal entomopathogens. This chapter also discusses the preparation of Most scientists who find and try to identify ento- mounts for microscopic examination. Similar points mopathogenic fungi have little mycological back- are covered in other chapters, but good slide mounts ground. This chapter presents the basic skills and and simple issues of microscopy are indispensable information needed to allow non-mycologists to skills for facilitating the observation of key taxo- identify the major genera and, in some instances, nomic characters. Many publications discuss the most common species of fungal entomopathogens to principles of microscopy, but a manual by Smith the genetic or, in many instances, to the specific level (1994) is easy to understand and notable for its many with a degree of confidence. micrographs showing the practical effects of the Although many major species of fungal ento- proper and improper use of a light microscope. mopathogens have basic diagnostic characters mak- The recording of images presents a wholly new set ing them quickly identifiable, it must be remembered of options and challenges in increasingly computer- that species such as Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) ized laboratories. Until this century, the only visual Vuill., Metarhizium anisopliae (Sorok.) Metsch, and means to record microscopic observations was with Verticillium lecanii (Zimm.) Vi6gas are widely drawings; such artwork, whether rendered freehand agreed to be species complexes whose resolutions or with the aid of a camera lucida, still remains an will depend on correlating molecular, morphologi- important means of illustrating many characters. -
A New Species of <I>Conidiobolus</I> (<I>Ancylistaceae</I>) from Anhui, China
ISSN (print) 0093-4666 © 2012. Mycotaxon, Ltd. ISSN (online) 2154-8889 MYCOTAXON http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/120.427 Volume 120, pp. 427–435 April–June 2012 A new species of Conidiobolus (Ancylistaceae) from Anhui, China Yong Nie1, Cui-Zhu Yu1, Xiao-Yong Liu2* & Bo Huang1* 1Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Control, Anhui Agricultural University, West Changjiang Road 130, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China 2State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China * Correspondence to: [email protected], [email protected] Abstract —Conidiobolus sinensis was isolated from plant detritus in Huoshan, Anhui Province, eastern China. It produces primary conidiophores from cushion mycelium, which is distinct from all other species in the genus except C. stromoideus and C. lichenicola. Morphologically C. sinensis differs from C. stromoideus in the shape of the mycelia at the colony edge and conidiophore length and from C. lichenicola by colony color and mycelial form. A phylogram based on partial 28S rDNA and EF-1α sequences from 14 Conidiobolus species shows C. sinensis most closely related to C. stromoideus, forming a clade of sister taxa with a 100% bootstrap. DNA similarity levels between these two species were 94% (28S rDNA) and 96% (EF-1α). Based on the morphological and molecular evidence, C. sinensis is considered a new species. Key words —Entomophthorales, hyphal knots, taxonomy Introduction Species belonging to Conidiobolus can be easily isolated from soil, decaying leaf litter, rotten vegetables and some dead insects, although the type of the genus, C. utriculosus Bref., was first isolated from the decaying fleshy fruitbodies of Exidia and Hirneola. -
1 Naming Names: the Etymology of Fungal Entomopathogens
Research Signpost 37/661 (2), Fort P.O., Trivandrum-695 023, Kerala, India Use of Entomopathogenic Fungi in Biological Pest Management, 2007: 1-11 ISBN: 978-81-308-0192-6 Editors: Sunday Ekesi and Nguya K. Maniania Naming names: The etymology 1 of fungal entomopathogens Fernando E. Vega Sustainable Perennial Crops Laboratory, USDA, ARS, Bldg. 011A, BARC-W Beltsville Maryland 20705, USA Abstract This chapter introduces the reader to the etymology of the generic names given to 26 fungal entomopathogens. Possessing some knowledge on how a name originates sometimes provides us with information on a fungal characteristic that might help us identify the organism, e.g., Conidiobolus, Cordyceps, Pandora, Regiocrella, Orthomyces, etc. In other cases, the name won’t tell us what the fungus looks like, but serves to honor those for whom the fungus was named, e.g., Aschersonia, Batkoa, Beauveria, Nomuraea, Strongwellsea, etc. Correspondence/Reprint request: Dr. Fernando E. Vega, Sustainable Perennial Crops Laboratory, USDA ARS, Bldg. 011A, BARC-W, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, USA. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Fernando E. Vega 1. Introduction One interesting aspect in the business of science is the naming of taxonomic species: the reasons why organisms are baptized with a certain name, which might or might not change as science progresses. Related to this topic, the scientific illustrator Louis C. C. Krieger (1873-1940) [1] self-published an eight- page long article in 1924, entitled “The millennium of systematic mycology: a phantasy” where the main character is a “... systematic mycologist, who, from too much “digging” in the mighty “scrapheap” of synonymy, fell into a deep coma.” As he lies in this state, he dreams about being in Heaven, and unable to leave behind his collecting habits, picks up an amanita and upon examining it finds a small capsule hidden within it. -
A Morphological and Molecular Survey of Neoconidiobolus Reveals a New Species and Two New Combinations
A morphological and molecular survey of Neoconidiobolus reveals a new species and two new combinations Yong Nie Anhui University of Technology Zi-Min Wang Anhui University of Technology Xiao-Yong Liu Chinese Academy of Sciences Bo Huang ( [email protected] ) Anhui Agricultural University Research Article Keywords: Ancylistaceae, Morphology, Taxonomy, Molecular Phylogeny Posted Date: June 1st, 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-186207/v1 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License Page 1/16 Abstract The genus Neoconidiobolus was recently established to accommodate all members of the Conidiobolus subgenus Conidiobolus. Based on mitochondrial small subunit (mtSSU), nuclear large subunit (nucLSU) of rDNA and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1), this study further resolved the genus Neoconidiobolus into three clades, with three new taxa being added. They are N. kunyushanensis B. Huang & Y. Nie, sp. nov., N. lamprauges (Drechsler) B. Huang & Y. Nie, comb. nov., and N. nanodes (Drechsler) B. Huang & Y. Nie, comb. nov. Meanwhile, a morphologial comparison among species in the three clades and a key to the species of the genus Neoconidiobolus are provided herein. Introduction Conidiobolus Brefeld (Ancylistaceae, Entomophthorales) was erected by Brefeld (1884). It is a large and worldwide distributed group containing 80 records in the Index Fungorum database (http://www.indexfungorum.org/). Most members of Conidiobolus occur saprophytically in soil and on decaying leaves, and few have been noted as pathogens of insects, animals and humans (Vilela et al. 2010; Gryganskyi et al. 2012; Mendoza et al. 2014). During 1950s–1960s, almost all the 40 Conidiobolus species have been reported in the North America and South Asia (Drechsler 1952; Srinivasan and Thirumalachar 1961; Nie et al. -
Entomopathogenic Fungal Identification
Entomopathogenic Fungal Identification updated November 2005 RICHARD A. HUMBER USDA-ARS Plant Protection Research Unit US Plant, Soil & Nutrition Laboratory Tower Road Ithaca, NY 14853-2901 Phone: 607-255-1276 / Fax: 607-255-1132 Email: Richard [email protected] or [email protected] http://arsef.fpsnl.cornell.edu Originally prepared for a workshop jointly sponsored by the American Phytopathological Society and Entomological Society of America Las Vegas, Nevada – 7 November 1998 - 2 - CONTENTS Foreword ......................................................................................................... 4 Important Techniques for Working with Entomopathogenic Fungi Compound micrscopes and Köhler illumination ................................... 5 Slide mounts ........................................................................................ 5 Key to Major Genera of Fungal Entomopathogens ........................................... 7 Brief Glossary of Mycological Terms ................................................................. 12 Fungal Genera Zygomycota: Entomophthorales Batkoa (Entomophthoraceae) ............................................................... 13 Conidiobolus (Ancylistaceae) .............................................................. 14 Entomophaga (Entomophthoraceae) .................................................. 15 Entomophthora (Entomophthoraceae) ............................................... 16 Neozygites (Neozygitaceae) ................................................................. 17 Pandora -
Entomophthorales
USDA-ARS Collection of Entomopathogenic Fungal Cultures Entomophthorales Emerging Pests and Pathogens Research Unit L. A. Castrillo (Acting Curator) Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture & Health June 2020 539 Tower Road Fully Indexed Ithaca, NY 14853 Includes 1901 isolates ARSEF COLLECTION STAFF Louela A. Castrillo, Ph.D. Acting Curator and Insect Pathologist/Mycologist [email protected] (alt. email: [email protected]) phone: [+1] 607 255-7008 Micheal M. Wheeler Biological Technician [email protected] (alt. e-mail: [email protected]) phone: [+1] 607 255-1274 USDA-ARS Emerging Pests and Pathogens Research Unit Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture & Health 538 Tower Road Ithaca, NY 14853-2901 USA Front cover: Rhagionid fly infected with Pandora blunckii. Specimen collected by Eleanor Spence in Ithaca, NY, in June 2019. Photograph and fungus identification by LA Castrillo. i New nomenclatural rules bring new challenges, and new taxonomic revisions for entomopathogenic fungi Richard A. Humber Insect Mycologist and Curator, ARSEF (Retired August, 2017) February 2014 (updated June 2020)* The previous (2007) version of this introductory material for ARSEF catalogs sought to explain some of the phylogenetically-based rationale for major changes to the taxonomy of many key fungal entomopathogens, especially those involving some key conidial and sexual genera of the ascomycete order Hypocreales. Phylogenetic revisions of the taxonomies of entomopathogenic fungi continued to appear, and the results of these revisions are reflected -
A Taxonomic Revision of the Genus
A peer-reviewed open-access journal MycoKeys 66: 55–81 (2020) Revision of the genus Conidiobolus 55 doi: 10.3897/mycokeys.66.46575 RESEARCH ARTICLE MycoKeys http://mycokeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research A taxonomic revision of the genus Conidiobolus (Ancylistaceae, Entomophthorales): four clades including three new genera Yong Nie1,2, De-Shui Yu1, Cheng-Fang Wang1, Xiao-Yong Liu3, Bo Huang1 1 Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Pest Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China 2 School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan 243002, China 3 State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China Corresponding author: Xiao-Yong Liu ([email protected]), Bo Huang ([email protected]) Academic editor: M. Stadler | Received 14 September 2019 | Accepted 13 March 2020 | Published 30 March 2020 Citation: Nie Y, Yu D-S, Wang C-F, Liu X-Y, Huang B (2020) A taxonomic revision of the genus Conidiobolus (Ancylistaceae, Entomophthorales): four clades including three new genera. MycoKeys 66: 55–81. https://doi. org/10.3897/mycokeys.66.46575 Abstract The genus Conidiobolus is an important group in entomophthoroid fungi and is considered to be poly- phyletic in recent molecular phylogenies. To re-evaluate and delimit this genus, multi-locus phylogenetic analyses were performed using the large and small subunits of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nucLSU and nuc- SSU), the small subunit of the mitochondrial ribosomal DNA (mtSSU) and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF-1α). The results indicated that the Conidiobolus is not monophyletic, being grouped into a paraphyletic grade with four clades. -
Hongos Entomophthorales Patógenos De Áfidos En Hortícolas
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE LA PLATA FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS NATURALES Y MUSEO HONGOS ENTOMOPHTHORALES PATÓGENOS DE PULGONES PLAGA DE CULTIVOS DE CEREALES Y HORTÍCOLAS DE LA REGIÓN PAMPEANA DE LA ARGENTINA. ESTUDIOS COMPARATIVOS DE LA DIVERSIDAD Y PREVALENCIA. TRABAJO DE TESIS PARA OPTAR POR EL TÍTULO DE DOCTOR EN CIENCIAS NATURALES. TESISTA: LIC. ROMINA GUADALUPE MANFRINO. DIRECTORES: DRA. CLAUDIA CRISTINA LÓPEZ LASTRA y PhD. CÉSAR EDUARDO SALTO. LA PLATA, 2014. AGRADECIMIENTOS A mi familia, especialmente a mi Mamá por enseñarme a valorar las cosas importantes de la vida y por ser el mejor ejemplo de mamá y de mujer; y a Raúl, por el apoyo incondicional, por quererme y brindarme todo como a una hija. A mis hermanas, Pao y Ceci por sostenernos entre las tres y aprender juntas a sortear los obstáculos; a mis hermosos sobrinos, Aylén y Alejo por la alegría y la dulzura que nos brindan; y a mis abuelas Edda y Haydeé por esperarme siempre. A mis directores, Dra. Claudia López Lastra y PhD. César Salto, por sus innumerables aportes, y también por el vínculo de amistad que nació con ambos, gracias Clau por las oportunidades brindadas, por permitirme crecer en esta especialidad y por la comprensión, sobre todo cuando surgieron inconvenientes. Gracias César por cada uno de los viajes compartidos y por ser el principal promovedor de mi inclinación hacia la investigación científica. Al Dr. Juan José García, por la humildad inmensa que transmite y por su ayuda incondicional; A Susana Padín, por los momentos compartidos en el trabajo del proyecto de extensión; y a Andrea Toledo por su colaboración. -
CPSC Staff Statement on Toxicology Excellence for Risk Assessment (TERA) Report “Review of the Health Risks of Mold, Basic Mold Characteristics”1 June 2015
CPSC Staff Statement on Toxicology Excellence for Risk Assessment (TERA) Report “Review of the Health Risks of Mold, Basic Mold Characteristics”1 June 2015 The report titled, “Review of the Health Risks of Mold, Basic Mold Characteristics,” presents basic mold characteristics and was performed by TERA under Contract CPSC-D-12-0001, Task Order 0013. A second report, “Review of the Health Risk of Mold, Health Effects of Molds and Mycotoxins,” can be found under a separate cover. Consumer exposure to mold on a product may be more frequent and direct than exposures that might occur in a building setting, making remediation even more important for products with mold contamination. Therefore, this contract was initiated for staff to gain a better understanding of these hazards and new information developed over the past several years on mold characteristics and toxicity. First, TERA provides general information on mold classification schemes (taxonomy). Next, TERA provides the growth characteristics of mold, including indoor and outdoor mold presence, growth on materials, prevention of mold growth, and remediation. This report concludes with a discussion of general effects of medically important molds, such as Alternaria, Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Stachybotrys, and some terminology, by detailing the taxonomy, physical characteristics, and medical importance of each mold. Based on this report, of the approximately 100,000 named fungal species, 500 are commonly associated with human or animal disease, and 50 of those are known to be infectious in healthy humans. Fungi are chemoheterotrophs2; therefore, they absorb their nutrients from their environment. Because of these unique characteristics, they are able to grow on substrates, such as bathroom walls, shoe leather, and paper. -
Whole Genome Sequencing and the Zygomycota
omic en s & G B l i a o g l o n g Gryganskyi and Muszewska, Fungal Genom Biol 2014, 4:1 u y F Fungal Genomics & Biology DOI: 10.4172/2165-8056.1000e116 ISSN: 2165-8056 Editorial Open Access Whole Genome Sequencing and the Zygomycota Andrii P Gryganskyi1* and Anna Muszewska2 1Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA 2Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland The zygomycetes (polyphyletic phylum Zygomycota Moreau) Rhizopus and others. Some of the Mucoromycotina are also important include the first terrestrial and “primitive” fungi. The group crop pathogens, especially known for post-harvest diseases of sweet is an assemblage of six lineages whose status, relative to each potatoes, strawberries and other agricultural plants. However this other, is undefined: Mucoromycotina, Entomophthoromycota, group can be useful for food production and biotechnological purposes. Kickxellomycotina, Zoopagomycotina, Mortierellomycotina and Many of the mucoralean fungi have been used for centuries for many Glomeromycota. So far, less than a dozen zygomycetes genomes fermented foods and drinks and nowadays are also used as vigorous are publically available, a very small proportion of the total number producers of various secondary metabolites: enzymes, fatty acids and of sequenced genomes – there are ~400 Genomes for Dikarya carotenoids. (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota). Mortierellomycotina There are several probable reasons for this. Firstly, there are substantially fewer described species of early divergent fungi in There are nearly 100 known species of these fungi, and aside comparison with those that have evolved more recently. There are from the genus Modicella, they are easy to grow in culture. -
Phylogeny of the Zygomycota Based on Nuclear Ribosomal Sequence Data
Mycologia, 98(6), 2006, pp. 872–884. # 2006 by The Mycological Society of America, Lawrence, KS 66044-8897 Phylogeny of the Zygomycota based on nuclear ribosomal sequence data Merlin M. White1,2 lineages are distinct from the Mucorales, Endogo- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, nales and Mortierellales, which appear more closely University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7534 related to the Ascomycota + Basidiomycota + Timothy Y. James Glomeromycota. The final major group, the insect- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, associated Entomophthorales, appears to be poly- North Carolina 27708 phyletic. In the present analyses Basidiobolus and Neozygites group within Zygomycota but not with the Kerry O’Donnell Entomophthorales. Clades are discussed with special NCAUR, ARS, USDA, Peoria, Illinois 61604 reference to traditional classifications, mapping mor- Matı´as J. Cafaro phological characters and ecology, where possible, as Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico at a snapshot of our current phylogenetic perspective of Mayagu¨ ez, Mayagu¨ ez, Puerto Rico 00681 the Zygomycota. Key words: Asellariales, basal lineages, Chytridio- Yuuhiko Tanabe mycota, Fungi, molecular systematics, opisthokont Laboratory of Intellectual Fundamentals for Environmental Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan INTRODUCTION Junta Sugiyama Most studies suggest that the phylum Zygomycota is Tokyo Office, TechnoSuruga Co. Ltd., 1-8-3, Kanda not monophyletic and the classification of the entire Ogawamachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0052, Japan phylum is in flux. The Zygomycota currently is divided into two classes, the Zygomycetes and Trichomycetes. However molecular phylogenies sug- Abstract: The Zygomycota is an ecologically heter- gest that neither group is natural (i.e. monophyletic).