BLACK HISTORY NEWS & NOTES

FEBRUARY 1992 NUMBER 47

Courtesy of Bob Stalcup, Butler University Instructor & Photographer African-American Printed Sources at the Indiana Historical Society Compiled by Wilma L. Gibbs Were there efforts in Indiana gory is national and statewide in toward a colonization movement? focus. Especially useful is In Black Did black Hoosiers rally around the and White, a three volume bio-bibli- nineteenth-century national and ography. For biographical entries, it state Negro Convention move­ tends to be more inclusive than the ments? Was there slavery in Indi­ Negro Almanac and the Encyclo­ ana? Did Indiana African-Ameri­ pedia of Black America. Unlike the cans follow the national trend and Dictionary of Negro Biography and vote Democratic for Franklin Roo­ Who’s Who among Black Americans sevelt’s New Deal? The answer to that limit their entries to deceased Emma Lou Thornbrough, Professor each of these inquiries is yes. The and living individuals, respectively, Emeritus, Butler University. An authority Indiana Historical Society has a In Black and White includes both. It on the history of African-Americans in wide range of printed sources that contains specific citations to articles, Indiana, Dr. Thornbrough is the author cf provide evidence for these questions newspapers, and books concerning several books and articles. A contribut­ in particular, as well as illuminate individuals and groups. The subjects ing editor to the forthcoming Ency­ clopedia of Indianapolis, she is the general experience of African- of the individual biography category currently writing a volume on the Americans in the state. include businesswoman, Madam C. African-American presence in the state The following bibliography is J. Walker; musician, Noble Sissle; during the 20th century. grouped into three major divisions: newspaper publisher, George Knox; logically, the Special Topics section general reference, biography, and and world bicycle champion, Mar­ spans the territorial period to the pre­ special topics. Subdivided by books, shall Walter “Major” Taylor. sent. National in focus, it gives prefer- newspapers, and periodicals, General The Special Topics section groups ence to sources that contain Reference incorporates broad-based printed source materials around a information, stated or implied, that materials pertaining to African- range of subject headings including has relevance to Indiana African- Americans. National and statewide in economic, family, military, political, American history. For example, Judy scope, it includes bibliographies; his­ and social history; church and Jolley Mohrat cites Indianapolis as tories of specific events and time peri­ religion; education; science and med­ one of the three cities of study in The ods; national and state histories; and icine; and counties, cities, and com­ Separate Problem: Case Studies cf encyclopedias. Of particular note in munities. The latter grouping incor­ Black Education in the North, this section is Emma Lou Thorn- porates works related to specific 1900-1930. Joseph T. Glatthaar pro­ brough’s The Negro in Indiana before regional and local areas within the vides references to the 28th United 1900: A Study of a Minority. state. References to rural commu­ States Colored Troops (USCT) in Published in 1957 by the Indiana His­ nities formed in Indiana before the Forged in Battle: The Civil War torical Bureau, it is the definitive his­ Civil War include extended research Alliance of Black Soldiers and tory of African-Americans in Indiana on Lyles Station in Gibson County White Officers. (The 28th USCT was for the time period. Widely cited, it and Roberts Settlement in Hamilton the only African-American regiment has been the springboard for other County. The experience of African- formed in Indiana during the Civil significant, but more specific works. Americans in Anderson, Bloom­ War). Most of the titles contained in The biographical sources are sepa­ ington, Evansville, Fort Wayne, the political and social history catego­ rated into two designations, general Gary, Indianapolis, and Muncie is ries pertain specifically to Indiana. and individual. The general cate- explored in several books. Chrono- An obscure, but informative source

BHNN_1992-02_NO47 subsumed in the latter category is a Aptheker, Herbert, ed. A Documen­ Hine, Darlene Clark. When the Truth 1924 souvenir booklet of the Indiana tary History of the Negro People in Is Told: A History of Black State Federation of Colored Women’s the United States. 3 vols. New Women’s Culture and Community Clubs. The booklet is comprised of York: Citadel Press, 1969. in Indiana, 1875-1950. biographical entries of women who Clarke, Robert L. Afro-American Indianapolis: National Council of are members of the various clubs that History: Sources for Research. Negro Women, Indianapolis Sec­ are part of the federation; national Washington, D. C.: Howard Uni­ tion, 1981. highlights and achievements for 1924; versity Press, 1981. Hoover, Dwight W. The Red and the and historical sketches of the clubs. Curry, Leonard. The Free Black Man Black. Chicago: Rand McNally, The Family History section in Urban America, 1800-1850: College Publishing Co., 1976. includes case studies, guides, and The Shadow of the Dream. Hornsby, Alton. Chronology of bibliographies. A general resource Chicago: University of Chicago African-American History: Signif­ for the topic is Black Genesis by Press, 1981. James Rose. A list of repositories and Franklin, John Hope. From Slavery icant Events and People from 1619 sources divided by state provides a to Freedom: A History of Negro to the Present. Detroit: Gale starting point for family history Americans. 6th ed. New York: Research, 1991. researchers. Practical suggestions for Knopf, 1987. Horton, Carrell P., and Jessie C. beginners are contained in a pamphlet Grant, Robert B. The Black Man Smith, comps, and eds. Statistical by Billy Royce Linder entitled Black Comes to the City: A Documen­ Record cf Black America. 1st ed. Genealogy: Basic Steps to Research. tary Account from the Great Detroit: Gale Research, 1990. Migration to the Great Depres­ sion, 1915-1930. Chicago: Nelson Low, W. Augustus, ed. Encyclopedia GENERAL Hall Co., 1972. of Black America. New York: REFERENCE Hine, Darlene Clark, et al. The Black McGraw Hill, 1981. Women in the Middle West Project: Lyda, John Wesley. The Negro in the a Comprehesive Resource Guide, History of Indiana. Coatesville, Books Illinois and Indiana. Indianapolis: American Negro Emancipation Cen­ Ind.: Hathaway Printery, 1953. Indiana Historical Bureau, 1986. Marable, Manning. Race, Reform, tennial Authority, Indiana Divi­ Hine, Darlene Clark, ed. The State cf and Rebellion: The Second Recon­ sion. Indiana: A Century of Afro-America History: Past, Pre­ Progress Exposition: Emancipa­ sent, and Future. Baton Rouge: struction in Black America, tion Centennial, Indianapolis: Louisiana State University Press, 1945-1982. Jackson: University n.p., 1963. 1986. Press of Mississippi, 1984.

Black History News and Notes is a quarterly publication of the Indiana Historical Society Library. Intended in part to highlight the activities of the library’s Black History Program, it is issued during the months of February, May, August, and November. Essential to the Black History Program’s success is community involvement and commitment to the study of Indiana’s African-American heritage. Along with Black History News and Notes, membership also includes the quarterly Indiana Magazine of History, published at Indiana University, News, the Indiana Historical Society’s bi-monthly newslet­ ter,and many of the special publications as they are issued — all for only $20.00 a year. To become a member or for further information, write the Indiana Historical Society, 315 West Ohio Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202 (317) 232-1882. Correspondence concerning Black History News and Notes should be addressed to Wilma L. Gibbs, Editor.

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2 Trusty, Lance. Black America: A Swisher, Robert. Black American Bibliography of the Holdings of Biography. Focus: Black Amer­ the Purdue University Calumet ica Bibliography Series. Bloom­ Campus Library. Hammond, ington: Indiana University Ind.: Purdue University Calumet Libraries, 1969. Campus, 1976. Individual Westmoreland, Guy T. An Anno­ Bundles, A’lelia Perry. Madam C. tated Guide to Basic Reference J. Walker. New York: Chelsea Books on the Black American House Publishers, 1991. Experience. Wilmington, Del.: Cameron, James. A Time of Terror. Scholarly Resources, 1974. Milwaukee, Wis.: TD Publica­ tions, 1980. Periodicals and Newspapers Kimball, Robert, and William Bolcom. Reminiscing with Sissle American Visions (Washington, and Blake. New York: Viking James S. Hinton (1834-1892) was the D.C.): Visions Foundation. Press, 1973. first African-American legislator to Avenues (Indianapolis): Street Pub­ Knox, George L. Slave and Free­ serve in the Indiana General Assembly. lications. man: The Autobiography of Black History News and Notes George L. Knox. Edited with an Newby, I. A. Jim Crow’s Defense: (Indianapolis): Indiana Histor­ introduction by Willard B. Anti-Negro Thought in America, ical Society Library. Gatewood Jr. Lexington: Univer­ 1900-1930. Baton Rouge: Loui­ The Indianapolis Recorder. sity Press of Kentucky, 1979. siana State University Press, (Library maintains last 6 months Ritchie, Andrew. Major Taylor: The 1968. of this title). Extraordinary Career of a Newman, Debra L. Black History: Champion Bicycle Racer. San A Guide to Civilian Records in Francisco: Bicycle Books, 1988. the National Archives. Wash­ BIOGRAPHY Taylor, Marshall William. The Fast­ ington, D. C.: National Archives General est Bicycle Rider in the World: Trust Fund Board, General Serv­ The Story of a Colored Boy’s ices Administration, 1984. Black Elected Officials in Indiana, Indomitable Courage and Suc­ Ploski, Harry A., and James Wil­ 1979. Indianapolis, Ind.: Indiana cess against Great Odds; an liams, comps, and eds. The Civil Rights Commission, 1979. Autobiography. Freeport, N.Y.: Negro Almanac: Reference Work Brelin, Christa, ed. Who’s Who Books for Libraries Press, 1928. on the Afro-American. 4th ed. Among Black Americans. 7th ed. New York: Wiley, 1983. Detroit: Gale Research, Inc., SPECIAL TOPICS Schomburg Center for Research in 1992. Churches and Religion Black Culture. Bibliographic Brown, Henrietta, comp. Outstand­ Braggs, George F. History of the Guide to Black Studies. Boston: ing Black Women in the State of Afro-American Group of the G. K. Hall, 1981. Indiana. Indianapolis: NCNW, Episcopal Church. Baltimore, Smith, Jessie Carney. Black Aca­ Indianapolis Section, 1983. Md.: Church Advocate Press, demic Libraries and Research Logan, Rayford W., and Michael R. 1922. Collections: an Historical Sur­ Winston, eds. Dictionary of Carrington, Henry Beebee. Address vey. Westport, Conn.: Green­ American Negro Biography. 1st of Colonel H. B. Carrington, wood Press, 1977. ed. New York: Norton, 1982. USA at Indianapolis, Indiana Thornbrough, Emma Lou. The Hicks, Luther C. Great Black June 17, 1869, in Aid of the Erec­ Negro in Indiana before 1900: A Hoosier Americans, n.p., 1977. tion of a New Church Edifice for Study of a Minority. Indiana His­ January, Alan F., and Justin E. the Methodist Episcopal (Col­ torical Collections Series, no. Walsh. A Century of Achieve­ ored) Society. Indianapolis: 37.: Indianapolis: Indiana His­ ment: Black Hoosiers in the Indi­ Douglass and Conners Printers, torical Bureau, 1957. an a General Assembly, 1869. Thornbrough, Emma Lou. Since 1881-1986. Indianapolis: Select Woodson, Carter G. The History of Emancipation: A Short History Committee on the Centennial the Negro Church. Washington of Indiana Negroes, 1863-1963. History of the General Assembly, D.C.: Associated Publishers, Indianapolis: Indiana Division, 1986. 1921. American Negro Emancipation Spradling, Mary M., ed. In Black Counties, Cities, and Commu­ Centennial Authority, 1964. and White: A Guide to Magazine nities Thornbrough, Emma Lou, ed. This Articles, Newspaper Articles, Balanoff, Elizabeth. “A History of Far by Faith: Black Hoosier and Books Concerning More the Black Community of Gary, Heritage. Indianapolis, Ind.: than 15,000 Black Individuals Indiana, 1906-1940.” Ph.D. Committee for the Humanities, and Groups. 3rd ed. Detroit: diss., University of Chicago, 1982. Gale Research Co., 1985. 1974.

3 Barekman, June Beverly. Knox Millender, Dharathula Hood. County, Indiana: Early Land Yesterday in Gary: A Brief History Records and Court Indexes, cf the Negro in Gary, 1906-1967. 1783-1815, 3 vols. Chicago: Gary, Ind.: Gary Engraving Co., Genealogical Services and Pub­ 1947. lication, 1966. The Negro in Indianapolis. Pre­ Bigham, Darrel E. We Ask Only a pared for the WFBM Stations in Fair Trial: A History of the Black Indianapolis, Indiana, by Frank Community of Evansville, Indi­ N. Magid Associates. Cedar ana. Bloomington: Indiana Uni­ Rapids, Iowa: Frank M. Magid versity Press, 1987. Associates, 1969. Bryant, Ida Webb. Glimpses of the Robbins, Coy D. African-American Negro in Indianapolis, Heritage in Morgan County, 1863-1963. n.p.n.d. Indiana. Bloomington, Ind.: Conkling, Edgar. “Roberts Settle­ Indiana African American His­ ment: A Mixed-Blood Agri­ torical and Genealogical Society,

cultural Community in Indiana.” 1991. Fox James CollectionO. Master’s thesis, University of Robbins, Coy D. Black Heritage in Newspaper carrier on Mill Street in Chicago, 1957. Westfield, Indiana. Bloomington, Indianapolis, ca. 1947. Cortez, Jacqueline Y., ed. Contri­ Ind.: C. D. Robbins, 1984. butions in Black and Red: Local Smith, Irene Blanche Maddex, ed. A Harris, William Hamilton. The History of Negro Settlement in History cf the Colored People cf Harder We Run: Black Workers since the Civil War. New York: Southwestern Indiana and Illi­ Jackson County, Indiana. Oxford University Press, 1982. nois. Vincennes, Ind: Vincennes Seymour, Ind.: John A. Shields, Education University Printing, 1976. 1956. Cohen, Ronald D. Children of the Fowler, Manet. Did You Ever See a Trees, Diane S. “A Comparison of Dream Growing?: Well, Here Is Racial Discrimination in Three Mill: Schooling and Society in Gary, Indiana, 1906-1960. . . .: Spotlight on Gary. New Indiana Cities, Indianapolis, Anderson and Evansville, Bloomington: Indiana University York: Department of Research 1920-1950.” B.A. thesis, Lake and Community Projects, NULC Press, 1990. Forest, 111.: Lake Forest College, (Urban League), 1946. Cohen, Ronald D. The Paradox of 1991. Progressive Education: The Gilliam, Frances V. Halsell. A Time Vincent, Stephen A. “African-Amer­ Gary Plan and Urban Schooling. to Speak: A Brief History of the icans in the Rural Midwest: The Port Washington, N.Y.: Kennikat Afro-Americans of Bloomington Origins and Evolution of Beech Press, 1979. Indiana, 1865-1965. B loom ­ and Roberts Settlements, ca. Mohrat, Judy Jolley. The Separate ington, Ind: Pinus Strobus Press, 1760-1900.” Ph.D. diss., Pro­ Problem: Case Studies of Black 1985. vidence, R.I.: Brown University, Education in the North, Goodall, Hurley Charles, and J. 1991. 1900-1930. Westport, Conn.: Paul Mitchell. A History of Vincent, Stephen A. “The Robertses Greenwood Press, 1979. Negroes in Muncie. M uncie, and Roberts Settlement: Emergence of a Black Rural Com­ Woodson, Carter Godwin. The Ind.: Ball State University, 1976. Education of the Negro Prior to Gordon, B. F. The Negro in South munity.” B.A. thesis, Indiana 1861. Salem, N.H.: Ayer, 1968. Bend: A Social History. South University, 1981. Family History Bend, Ind.: n.p., 1922. Economic History Linder, Billy Royce. Black Geneal­ Greer, Edward. Big Steel: Black Foner, Philip S., and Ronald L. ogy: Basic Steps to Research. Politics and Corporate Power in Lewis, eds. The Black Worker Nashville: American Associa­ Gary, Indiana. New York: during the Era of the American tion for State and Local History, Monthly Review Press, 1979. Federation of Labor and the Technical Leaflet 135, Issued as Kerns, J. Harvey. A Study of the Railroad Brotherhoods. The Social and Economic Conditions Black Worker, a Documentary Part of History News, 36, no. 2, of the Negro Population of Fort History from Colonial Times to (Feb. 1981). Wayne, Indiana and a Review of the Present. Monograph Series, Montell, William Lynwood. The the Programs and Activities. Fort no. 4. Philadelphia: Temple Uni­ Saga of Coe Ridge: A Study in Wayne, Ind.: n.p., 1949. versity Press, 1979. Oral History. Knoxville: Univer­ Lyles, Carl C. A Chronicle of Lin­ Foner, Philip S., and Ronald L. sity of Tennessee Press, 1970. coln High School. Evansville, Lewis, eds. The Black Worker to Newman, Debra, comp. List of Free Ind.: Essex House Press, 1989. 1869. The Black Worker, A Doc­ Black Heads of Families in the Lyles, Carl C. Lyles Station, Indi­ umentary History from Colonial First Census of the United States, ana Yesterday and Today. Evans­ Times to the Present. Monograph 1790. Washington, D. C.: ville, Ind.: Burkert-Walton, Inc., Series, no. 1. Philadelphia: Tem­ National Archives and Record 1984. ple University Press, 1978. Services, 1973.

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5 Rose, James M. Black Genesis. McGuire, Phillip. Taps for a Jim Morton, Oliver Perry. Speech of Detroit: Gale Research Co., Crow Army: Letters from Black Gov. Oliver P. Morton, Delivered 1978. Soldiers in World War II. Santa at the Union Meeting at New Thackery, David T., and Dee Wood- Barbara, Calif.: ABC-Clio, Albany, Wednesday, July 18, tor. Case Studies in Afro-Ameri­ 1983. 1866. n. p. 1866. can Genealogy. Chicago: The Voegeli, Victor Jacque. Free but Snell, Ronald David. “Indiana’s Newberry Library, 1989. Not Equal: The Midwest and the Black Representatives: The Rhet­ Witcher, Curt Bryan. Bibliography Negro during the Civil War. Chi­ oric of the Black Republican of Sources for Black Family His­ cago: University of Chicago Legislators from 1880 to 1896.” tory in the Allen County Public Press, 1967. Ph.D. diss., Indiana University, Library Genealogy Department. Political History 1972. Fort Wayne, Ind.: The Library, Crumpacker, Edgar Dean. Suffrage Weiss, Nancy J. Farewell to the 1986. and Representation Speech of the Party of Lincoln, Black Politics Honorable E. D. Crumpacker of in the Age of FDR. Princeton, Military History Indiana in the House of Repre­ N.J.: Princeton University Press, Berlin, Ira, ed. Freedom, a Docu­ sentatives, February 24, 1905. 1983. mentary History of Emancipa­ Washington, D.C.: n.p., 1905. Science and Medicine tion. 1861 -1867: The Black English, William Hayden. The Rawls, George. History of the Black Military Experience. Political Crisis - The Danger and Physician in Indianapolis, Cambridge, N.Y.: Cambridge the Remedy: Speech of Honor­ 1870-1980. Indianapolis: n.p., University, 1982. able Wm. H. English of Indiana, 1984. Chester, Thomas Morris. Thomas in the House of Representatives, Sammons, Vivian, ed. Blacks in Morris Chester, Black Civil War May 2, I860. Washington, D.C.: Science and Medicine. New Correspondent: His Dispatches National Democratic Campaign York: Hemisphere Pub. Corpora­ from the Virginia Front. Edited Committee, 1860. tion, 1990. with a biographical essay and Indiana General Assembly. Resolu­ Summerville, James. Educating notes by R. J. M. Blackett. Baton tions of the Legislature of Indiana Black Doctors: A History of Rouge: Louisiana State Univer­ in Favor of the Adoption of Mea­ Meharry Medical College. Uni­ sity Press, 1989. sures for the Suppression of the versity, Ala.: University of Ala­ Glatthaar, Joseph T. Forged in Bat­ African Slave Trade, and the Pro­ bama Press, 1983. tle: The Civil War Alliance of motion of the Colonization of Social History Black Soldiers and White Free People of Color. Wash­ Answer of the Agent of the Indiana Officers. New York: Free Press, ington, D.C.: n.p., 1852. Colonization Society to the Reso­ 1990. Morton, Oliver Perry. Reconstruc­ lution of Inquiry on the Subject of Black Americans in Defense of Our tion and Negro Suffrage, Speech African Colonization Passed by Nation. The Deputy Assistant of Governor O. P. Morton, at the House of Representatives of Secretary of Defense for Equal Richmond, Indiana on Thursday the General Assembly of the State Opportunity and Safety Policy, Evening, September 29, 1865. of Indiana, on the 3rd of Febru­ Department of Defense, Wash­ Indianapolis: Holloway, Doug­ ary, 1852. Indianapolis: J. P. ington, D.C.: 1985. lass, & Co., 1865. Chapman, 1852.

Sojourner Truth Club, Richmond, Indiana. 1924

6 Bell, Howard Holman. A Survey of Daniels, Dallas. History of the Kenny, Timothy J .An Index to the the Negro Convention Move­ Federation of Associated Clubs, Holdings of the Urban Demo­ ment, 1830-1861. New York: lnc. Indianapolis: n.p. 1976. graphic Collection of Racial Res­ Amo Press, 1969. Foner, Philip S.,, and George E. idential Patterns: Black Popula­ Blackford, Isaac. An Address Deliv­ Walker, eds. Proceedings of the tion by Block in the U. S. Cities, ered at the First Stated Meeting Black National and Stae Conven­ 1940-1980. Notre Dame, Ind.: of the Indiana Colonization Soci­ tions, 1865-1900. Philadelphia: Urban Studies Program, Saint ety: Delivered at Indianapolis in Temple University Press, 1986. Mary’s College, 1986. the Hall of Representatives, by Foner, Philip S., and George E. Litwack, Leon Frank. North of Slav­ the Request of the Board of Man ­ Walker, eds. Proceedings of the ery: The Negro in the Free agers, on the 14th Day of Black State Conventions, States, 1790-1860. Chicago: December, 1829. Indianapolis: 1840-1865. Philadelphia: Temple University of Chicago Press, Indiana Colonization Society, University Press, 1979. 1961. 1829. Gross, Bella. Clarion Call: The Mohonk Conference on the Negro Blythe, James. A Speech Delivered History and Development of the Question. Held at Lake Mohonk, at the Anniversary of the Indiana Negro People’s Convention Ulster, Co., N.Y.: 4-6 June 1890. Colonization Society on Movement in the United States Reported and edited by Isabel C. December 23, 1833. Indianap­ from 1817 to 1840. New York: B. Barrows. Boston: G. H. Ellis, olis: N. Bolton & Co., 1834. Gross, 1947. 1890. Hoose, Phillip M. Hoosiers: The Momeni, Jamshid A. Demography Bolden, Clyde Nickerson. “ Indiana Fabulous Basketball Life of Indi­ of the Black Population in the Avenue: Black Entertainment ana. 1st ed. New York: Vintage United States: An Annotated Bib­ Boulevard.” Master’s thesis, Books, 1986. liography with a Review Essay. University of Cincinnati, 1983. Hoose, Phillip M. Necessities: Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Charles, Cecil Ethelbert. The Econ­ Racial Barriers in American Press, 1983. omy - Cabin Creek Short Branch Sports. New York: Random The Non-slaveholder, (P h ila­ and Some of its Operations: A House, 1989. delphia): Merrihew and Description of One Section of the Indiana General Assembly. Resolu­ Thompson, 1846-1854. Underground Railroad System. tions of the Legislature of Indiana Owen, Robert Dale. The Wrong of Indianapolis: Society of Indiana in Favor of the Adoption of Mea­ Slavery: The Right of Emancipa­ Pioneers, 1971. sures for the Suppression of the tion and the Future of the African Crenshaw, Gwendolyn J. “Bury me African Slave Trade, and the Pro­ Race in the United States. Phila­ in a Free Land”: The Abolition­ motion of the Colonization of delphia: Lippincott, 1864. ist Movement in Indiana, Free People of Color. Wash­ Souvenir Booklet Containing His­ 1816-1865: The Catalog. Indian- ington, D.C.: n.p., 1852. torical Sketches of Indiana apolis: Indiana Historical Indiana Negro Business and Profes­ Federation of Colored Womens Bureau, 1986. sional Pictorial Guide: 1947 to Clubs Up to and Including 21st Crocker, Ruth H. Sympathy and 1948. Gary, Ind.: Helbert L. Annual Convention at Gary, Science: The Settlement Move­ Bradley, 1947. August, 1924. ment in Gary and Indianapolis to Indianapolis Asylum for Friendless Spears, Jean E. Admission Record, 1930. Ph.D. diss., Purdue Uni­ Colored Children. Indianapolis, Indianapolis Asylum for Friend- versity, 1982. lnd. : 1916. le s s Colored Children , 1871-1900. Transcribed and Arranged by Jean E. Spears and Dorothy Paul. Indianapolis, Ind.: Family History and Genealogy Section, Indiana Historical Soci­ ety, 1978. United States Bureau of the Census. Negro Population in the United States, 1790-1915. New York: Amo Press, 1968. United States Bureau of the Census. Negroes in the U.S., 1920-1932. Washington, D.C.: U.S. GPO, 1935. Wiggins, William H. O Freedom! Afro-American Emancipation Celebrations. Knoxville: Uni­ Eli Archey farming at Beech Settlement in Rush County, ca. 1910 versity of Tennessee Press, 1987.

7 Articles & Essays The editor of Black History News & Notes is interested in receiving for consideration brief manuscripts on the political, economic, social, and cultural history of blacks in Indiana. Consideration is also given to arti- cles and essays in the general fields of African-American history and blacks in the Old Northwest, if they have obvious relevance to Indiana. Manuscripts should be submitted in duplicate, double spaced, and approximately eight to ten pages. Manuscripts should be prepared in accordance with the University of Chicago, A Manual of Style, 13th edition, or Kate Turabian, A Man­ ual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations, 4th edi­ tion. Accompanying photographs and illustrations are also welcomed. The Indiana Historical Society dis­ claims responsibility for statements, whether of fact or opinion, made by contributors.

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