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Cardinal Lory The Lory Certainly one of the most beautiful of Species the lory family is the Cardinal Lory, Tahitian Lory Chalcopsitta cardinalis. This species is Collection The Tahitian lory, Vini peruviana, from the Solomon Islands and is said to was first received in 1978 as a result of be numerous throughout natural range, a confiscation. The current captive however it has never been common in at the population is limited to the San Diego captivity in the United States or Europe. Zoo and Loro Parque. Because of its It has been bred in Europe and South San Diego Zoo rarity in captive collections, this lory is Africa, but to our knowledge it has not often thought to be equally rare in the bred in the U.S. The pair exhibited at by Wayne Schulenburg wild. However, it appears to be rather the San Diego Zoo was received in Zoological Society of San Diego common in its indigenous habitat of 1991 when a small number of these San Diego, California the Cook, Society, and westernmost birds were imported into the United part of the Tuamotu Islands of French States. Even though they have been [Editorial Note: In the last issue of Polynesia. Even though 61 chicks have given a number of different enclosures, Watchbirci, the text of this article was inad­ vertently scrambled and a photo had an been hatched at the San Diego Zoo, it the birds have not yet bred. incorrect caption. Our sincere apologies to the has been difficult to establish the author and the San Diego Zoo. 'Ibis version is desired self-sustaining numbers of this Red-collared Lorikeet correct. SLD. ] Vini. Salmonella, sarcocystis, a variety The Red-collared Lorikeet, Introduction of bacterial infections and incompati­ Trichoglossus haematodus ruhri­ bility have all been challenges. torquis, of northern Australia, is cer­ istorically lories have been tainly one of the most striking of the an outstanding feature of Blue-crowned Lory rainbow group. It was once listed as H the avian collection at the The Blue-crowned Lory, Vini aus­ the most common lory species held in San Diego Zoo. Beginning in 1925 tralis, from Samoa, Tonga, and the Lau European aviculture, but recent reports with Swainsqn's Lorikeets, as many as Archipelago, first came into the collec­ indicate that it is now found in only a 28 different species were exhibited at tion in late 1971. As a result of a com­ few collections. It has never been com­ one time during the late 1960s and bined effort with the Assiniboine Zoo mon in the United States. Twenty eight early 1970s. in Canada, we again acquired this were produced in the late 1960s and During this period the lories were species in 1991. As ofJune 1997, a total early 1970s but were not kept in the housed in a group of 35 enclosures of 54 chicks had hatched. Seven were collection. In 1988 two pairs were known as Benchley Plaza. For the lory from the original 1971 pair, hatching received from the Melbourne Zoo in enthusiast, this provided the opportu­ between 1973 and 1979. Thirty-eight Australia. Unfortunately, the two nity to view the obvious differences were from the two pairs received in females died soon after arrival and it between such genera as Eos, Lorius, 1991 and the remaining nine from sec­ was not until 1995 that we obtained a and Chalcopsitta, as well as compare ond generation offspring. In February captive-reared female from Walsrode the subtleties between subspecies of of 1997, six more birds were added to Bird Park in Germany. Since that pair­ Trichoglossus and Eos. Unfortunately, it our stock from captive-reared birds ing, seven young have been produced was not uncommon to exhibit singles from the Assiniboine Zoo. with offspring returned to Walsrode. or same sex individuals of any particu­ lar species; therefore, breeding and Solitary Lory Purple-capped Lory maintaining a self-sustaining popula- The Solitary Lory, Phigys solitarius, The Purple-capped Lory, Lorius tion was rarely possible. ,. from the Fiji islands, is the sole repre­ domicellus, from the Indonesian islands In the late 1980s a new emphasis sentative of this unique genus. San of Ceram and Amboina, has always emerged in the zoo community - con­ Diego frrst exhibited this species in the been an uncommon species in captivi­ servation and the need to establish 1960s and early 1970s. It was not until ty. It was frrst displayed at San Diego in self-sustaining captive populations. March 1991 that the Zoological Society 1928 with chicks hatching three times. With a limited number of enclosures, again acquired a shipment of 10 Solitary Unfortunately, none have lived beyond this new emphasis had its effect on the Lories which turned out to be seven two days. lory collection. The number of differ­ males and three females. Since the birds ent species and su bspecies has were acquired in conjunction with the Black-winged Lory decreased to allow for more pairs of Assiniboine Zoo, three males and one Even though the Black -winged some of the critical species to be female were sent to them for breeding. Lory, Eos cyanogenia, from the west­ worked with. However, the lory col­ Presently five pairs have been set up em section of New Guinea known as lection still remains impressive with with a total of 23 offspring. Recently a Irian Jaya, was imported into the U.S. species that include: Tahitian, Cardinal, wild-caught male was returned from in large numbers in the 1970s and Solitary, and Red-flanked Lories. Assiniboine to prOVide genetic diversity. 1980s, it has become uncommon in 32 Marchi April 2000 U.S. collections. This species was first the late 1980s a few birds were import­ divided into two main groups, the first acquired by the San Diego Zoo in ed into the U.S. and Europe, but have one consists of birds with blue-black 1969 . .However, all 38 offspring pro­ never been well established. Although underwings: jobiensis, sa Iva do ri i, duced have been from one pair which this species has been in the collection virdicrissalis, and cynuchen; and the was set up in 1988. three times beginning in 1965, chicks other group has red underwings: lory, were not hatched until 1991. somu, and erythrothorax. All seven Goldie's Lorikeet subspecies have the characteristic yel­ large numbers of Goldie's Lorikeet, Red-flanked Lory low underwing stripe which is not an Trichoglossus goldiei, from central New The Red-flanked Lory, Channosyna identifying characteristic. Historically, Guinea, were first imported into the placentis, of the Moluccas, Kai, Aru the Black-capped was held in the San U.S. in the mid 1980s, and are now one islands, and southern New Guinea, Diego Zoo as early as 1939. In 1989, a of the most well established lories in has done well in captivity. In the wild, pair of the Gilveenk Black-capped aviculture. The San Diego Zoo main­ this species will often nest in large epi­ lory, Lorius lory erythrothorax, were tains four pairs to use as foster parents phytes, so we provide large staghorn brought back with birds obtained for some of the other small lories and ferns, Platycerium sp., which the pairs through a Society expedition in Papua fig parrots. Eggs are incubated and readily excavate. This species is New Guinea. From those birds we chicks reared until just prior to opening dimorphic, although fledgling males produced 14 offspring their eyes at which time they are pulled have only a very slight amount of red for hand rearing to eliminate the possi­ in the lores. Mount Goliath Lorikeet bility of the fostered chicks imprinting The Mount Goliath Lorikeet, on the Goldie's. This strategy has Black-capped Lory Channosyna papou goliathina, from worked with Tahitian, Blue-crowned, One of the most popular species to New Guinea has often been mistakenly and Solitary Lories and for Double-eyed be held in captivity is the Black­ called the Stella's Lorikeet. The Mount and Edwards's Fig Parrots. capped Lory, Lorius lory. This species Goliath, Channosyna papou goliathina, ranges throughout New Guinea and is differs from Channosyna papou stellae Musschenbroek's Lorikeet divided into seven subspecies. These in having yellow rather than orange-yel­ The Musschenbroek's Lorikeet, subspecies are commonly confused low tips to the long central tail feathers Neopsittacus musschenbroekii, is a and, because of this, hybrids are com­ and the long upper tail coverts are small, unique species from the high­ mon. In a recent article in Lory green, rather than red. Although, this lands of Papua New Guinea. This is one International, Jos Huber and Trevor species was imported in large numbers of the few species that requires seed in Buckell give a detailed description of in the late 1970s and early 1980s, the their diet along with nectar and fruit. In the seven subspecies. They can be current U.S. captive population may be as low as a few dozen pair. Summary The lory collection at the San Diego Zoo has changed through the years. at From the "postage stamp" collection so popular in the 1960s and 1970s to the present day emphasis on self-sustain­ ing populations through breeding pro­ grams, the collection remains signifi­ cant for those interested in this unique family of the parrot world. Bibliography Campbell, G. Solitary Lories.LORY JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL, pending publication. Dolan, M.j., Moran, M. Historical list of Aves exhib­ ited and bred in the San Diego Zoological Garden (Part 1, Psitttacifonnes.)DER ZOOLOOGISCHE GARTEN(NF), BAND 39, HEFf 116 1970. Hubers, J. , Buckell,T. The Black-capped Lory Lorius Lory and its subspecies.

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