Eritrea and Yemen)
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QATAR V. BAHRAIN) REPLY of the STATE of QATAR ______TABLE of CONTENTS PART I - INTRODUCTION CHAPTER I - GENERAL 1 Section 1
CASE CONCERNING MARITIME DELIMITATION AND TERRITORIAL QUESTIONS BETWEEN QATAR AND BAHRAIN (QATAR V. BAHRAIN) REPLY OF THE STATE OF QATAR _____________________________________________ TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I - INTRODUCTION CHAPTER I - GENERAL 1 Section 1. Qatar's Case and Structure of Qatar's Reply Section 2. Deficiencies in Bahrain's Written Pleadings Section 3. Bahrain's Continuing Violations of the Status Quo PART II - THE GEOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND CHAPTER II - THE TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY OF QATAR Section 1. The Overall Geographical Context Section 2. The Emergence of the Al-Thani as a Political Force in Qatar Section 3. Relations between the Al-Thani and Nasir bin Mubarak Section 4. The 1913 and 1914 Conventions Section 5. The 1916 Treaty Section 6. Al-Thani Authority throughout the Peninsula of Qatar was consolidated long before the 1930s Section 7. The Map Evidence CHAPTER III - THE EXTENT OF THE TERRITORY OF BAHRAIN Section 1. Bahrain from 1783 to 1868 Section 2. Bahrain after 1868 PART III - THE HAWAR ISLANDS AND OTHER TERRITORIAL QUESTIONS CHAPTER IV - THE HAWAR ISLANDS Section 1. Introduction: The Territorial Integrity of Qatar and Qatar's Sovereignty over the Hawar Islands Section 2. Proximity and Qatar's Title to the Hawar Islands Section 3. The Extensive Map Evidence supporting Qatar's Sovereignty over the Hawar Islands Section 4. The Lack of Evidence for Bahrain's Claim to have exercised Sovereignty over the Hawar Islands from the 18th Century to the Present Day Section 5. The Bahrain and Qatar Oil Concession Negotiations between 1925 and 1939 and the Events Leading to the Reversal of British Recognition of Hawar as part of Qatar Section 6. -
Saudi Arabia 2019
Saudi Arabia 2019 Saudi Arabia 2019 1 Table of Contents Doing Business in Saudi Arabia ...................................................................................................................................... 5 Market Overview ....................................................................................................................................................... 5 Market Challenges ..................................................................................................................................................... 6 Market Opportunities ................................................................................................................................................ 8 Market Entry Strategy ............................................................................................................................................... 9 Political Environment................................................................................................................................................... 10 Selling US Products & Services .................................................................................................................................... 11 Agents and Distributors ........................................................................................................................................... 11 Establishing an Office ............................................................................................................................................. -
Disclaimer This Report Was Compiled by an ADRC Visiting Researcher (VR
Disclaimer This report was compiled by an ADRC visiting researcher (VR) from ADRC member countries. The views expressed in the report do not necessarily reflect the views of the ADRC. The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on the maps in the report also do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the ADRC. ASIAN DISASTER REDUCTION CENTER (ADRC) Yemen countery report By : Hazar Fadhl Dammag Ministry of Water and Environment Sana’a – Yemen (ADRC VISITING RESEARCHER:18 August –27 November 2014) 2 ASIAN DISASTER REDUCTION CENTER (ADRC) 3 ASIAN DISASTER REDUCTION CENTER (ADRC) CONTENT 1. General information about Yemen 2. Natural Hazards in Yemen:- 1) Disaster Profiles of Yemen 2) Natural Disasters in Yemen 3. Yemen Disaster Statistics 4. Three main factors that exacerbate Yemen’s vulnerability to natural disasters 5. Disaster Management System in Yemen 6. Strengthening Yemen National System for Disaster Risk Reduction 4 ASIAN DISASTER REDUCTION CENTER (ADRC) 1- General information:- 1-1: Physiography: Yemen is the second largest country in the peninsula, occupying 527,970 km2 (203,850 sq mi). The coastline stretches for about 2,000 km (1,200 mi). It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the north, the Red Sea to the west, the Gulf of Aden and Arabian Sea to the south, and Oman to the east. Its capital and largest city is Sana'a. Yemen's territory includes more than 200 islands. The largest of these is Socotra, which is about 354 km (220 mi) to the south of mainland Yemen. Geographically, Yemen stretches from the desert sands of the Rub' al Khali to mountain peaks 3,660 meters above sea levels, and drops back down to the coast of the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden. -
Eritrea-Yemen Arbitration (Award, Phase Ii: Maritime Delimitation)
2000] INTERNATIONAL DECISIONS In the United States, state courts have long been aware that well-reasoned decisions eval- uating the state interests that must be taken into account in determining the scope of fed- erally protected rights can help to elicit deference to state law from the U.S. Supreme Court. Municipal courts in Europe are also learning that well-reasoned decisions are more likely to elicit deference from regional international tribunals, be itin the context of the principle of subsidiarity in the European Community or in the context of the margin of appreciation under the European Convention on Human Rights. Ifnothing else, this case may help nurture a similar attitude in municipal courts generally, at least with respect to treaty obligations that may well be invoked before an international tribunal with compulsoryjurisdiction. 54 Notwithstanding the delay in instituting proceedings in the present case, the need for urgency in prompt-release cases makes it likely that only the decision of a municipal trial court, and not that of an appellate court, will ordinarily be available at the time the Tribunal is seized. Although trial courts are accustomed to the idea that their decisions will be reviewed, they are also accustomed to the considerable freedom afforded them by appellate courts on certain matters. It is likely that appellate courts, once they articulate the relevant considerations and standards, only episodically manifest an interest in fact-sensitive "trial management" matters such as bond. The underlying point of this case is that the Tribunal is not a municipal appellate court applying municipal law. BERNARD H. -
Republicans' Mexican-American Presidential Candidate: Mitt Romney?
Republicans’ Mexican-American Presidential Candidate: Mitt Romney? By Ted J. Chiappari and Angelo A. Paparelli* Four years ago, one of the challenges to President Barack Obama’s Constitutional eligibility for the presidency as a “natural born Citizen” was based on his ostensible dual citizenship at birth and the divided loyalties1 that can result from multiple citizenships. More recently, Mitt Romney’s Mexican heritage made it into the news because of Newt Gingrich’s claim that Romney was “anti- immigrant.”2 Reports of Mitt Romney’s eligibility for Mexican citizenship appeared around the same time.3 With the suspension of Rick Santorum’s presidential campaign and Newt Gingrich’s concession that Mitt Romney will probably be the Republican Party’s 2012 candidate, Romney and Obama are beginning in earnest to highlight their differences. Since both candidates are facing the potential liability of having a father born abroad (George Romney in Mexico and Barack Obama Sr. in Kenya) from whom eligibility for dual citizenship may flow, it is unlikely that either candidate will wish to highlight his opponent’s transnational ties. If they did, as unlikely as it may be, a brief reflection on the issue could result in a new appreciation of the intricacies of the U.S. citizenship laws. In the wake of the last presidential election, we explored the complexities of U.S. citizenship law in connection with the candidacies of both Senator John McCain – born in the Panama Canal Zone – and then President-Elect Obama.4 Given Mitt Romney’s birth in Detroit, no one is questioning that he is a “natural born Citizen” eligible to be President pursuant to Article II of the 1 Competing loyalties have long been a concern in policy and legal arguments against dual citizenship. -
A Revised Look at the Hanish-Islands Arbitration the Dual Role of Diplomacy and Inter-State Arbitration to Force Lasting Resolution of Military Conflicts
A Revised Look at the Hanish-islands Arbitration The Dual Role of Diplomacy and Inter-state Arbitration to Force Lasting Resolution of Military Conflicts Cornel Marian* Abstract ……………………………………………………….…….... 246 1 Introduction …………………………………………….…………….. 246 2 From Military Conflict to Inter-state Arbitration …………….…… 248 2.1 Two Distressed Nations Come into Direct Conflict …….……….. 248 2.2 Swift Intervention by the United Nations and the Containment of the Threat to Resume Conflict ……...………. 250 2.3 The Framework for the Arbitration ………………….……........... 252 3 The Tribunal’s Important Findings …………………………............ 253 3.1 Fundamental Differences over the Scope of the Dispute (Phase I) …………………………………………..……... 253 3.2 Resolving Conflicting Historical Claims to Territorial Sovereignty and Avoiding Non-Liquet (Phase I) ……….……… 254 3.3 Phase I and II: Rights that Reflect the Parties’ Concerns From Islamic Law to Artisanal Fishing ………………….………. 256 3.4 Phase II: Delimiting Territories ………………………….………. 257 4 Eritrea/Yemen Proceedings in the Current Age …………….……... 257 5 Conclusion ………………………………………..…………………... 259 246 Cornel Marian: A Revised Look at the Hanish-islands Arbitration Abstract Recent events in Yemen have highlighted the devastating impact military conflicts and conflicting claims to sovereignty have on the general population. In respect to its maritime border with Eritrea (itself a young and conflict-torn nation), Yemen appears to be relatively stable in part as the result of a sustainable solution from a series of diplomatic and legal efforts culminating in two notable arbitration awards. While conflict between Yemen and Eritrea broke out in 1995 over the control of the Hanish Islands, the prompt intervention of the then-UN Secretary General Boutros Boutros-Ghali brought the two warring nations to agree to submit the territorial dispute to inter-state arbitration. -
Yemen Economic Update Is a Quarterly Report That Consists of Five Sections
YYEEMMEENN EECCOONNOOMMIICC UUPPDDAATTEE Yemen Economic Update is a quarterly report that consists of five sections. The first section highlights major economic and policy developments. The second section provides “flash indicators” for key economic variables that are available on a monthly or quarterly basis from the Government of Yemen. The third section uses different data sources to compare one development indicator in Yemen with other countries in the MENA region and countries with similar GDP per capita and population. The fourth section summarizes new legislation, publications, data, conferences, and donor activities. The fifth section SUMMER 2003 provides contact information and recent World Bank operations and activities in Yemen. Occasionally, special topics are featured in the Update. Economic and Policy Developments (i) Key Policy Developments: For the third time in the post- Inside this Issue unification era, Yemeni citizens cast their vote in the Parliamentary 1 Economic and Policy elections on 27th April 2003. The Developments elections were characterized by large http://www.althawra.gov.ye/ voter registration (particularly among women), large voter turn-out (76% of 3 Flash Indicators total registered voters), participation human rights. A new Ministry for of all political parties, lack of violence Water and Environment was created Special Topic: The and considerable international and while culture and tourism were 6 Tobacco Sector in local monitoring. merged into a new ministry. In Yemen addition, 10 ex-ministers were The ruling GPC party retained its appointed to the Shoura Council and a Yemen Compares: majority in Parliament by securing former member of the Presidency and Tobacco 10 more than 226 seats of the 301 total former secretary-general of the Yemen Consumption seats. -
Legal Status of the Virgin Islands Divorces
LEGAL STATUS OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS DIVORCES By VimN D. CALLoWAY, JR.* L Introduction In recent months it has become increasingly popular among United States citizens seeking divorces to forsake the time-honored trek to Reno, and head instead for the outlying territory of the Virgin Islands. This change in direction of the so called "divorce trade" is due to the comparative ease with which one can obtain a divorce decree and the attractions of the Islands. For those who can afford the trip, it is thought that two birds can be killed with one stone, so to speak: a divorce obtained and a restful vacation enjoyed. By provision of Congress, the Legislative Assembly of the Virgin Islands was set up to enact legislation applicable to the Virgin Islands as a whole,' the District Court of the Virgin Islands being given jurisdiction of all cases of divorce and annulment of mar- 2 riage. The current divorce law was enacted by the eighth Legislative Assembly of the Virgin Islands on December 18, 1944; approved December 29, 1944, by the acting Governor; and went into effect on January 28, 1945. The law gives as grounds3 for either party to obtain a legal separation, or to have their marriage contract dis- solved, at the plantiff's option, for: adultery, cruelty, impotency, desertion for one year, habitual drunkenness for one year, convic- 4 tion of a felony, insanity, and incompatibility of temperament. If the marriage was not celebrated in the district of the suit, before commencing action, the plaintiff must have been an inhabi- tant for a six-week period; such period being declared "Sufficient to give the court jurisdiction without regard to the place where the marriage was performed or the cause of action arose."'5 When the dissolution judgment has become final, and after the expiration of * 2nd year law student, Duke University; A.B. -
PDF (Volume 2)
Durham E-Theses Maritime boundary delimitation of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia a study in political geography Al-Muwaled, Faraj Mobarak Jam'an How to cite: Al-Muwaled, Faraj Mobarak Jam'an (1993) Maritime boundary delimitation of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia a study in political geography, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/10368/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 Atlas of Maritime Boundary Delimitation of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia A Study in Political Geography Faraj Mobarak Jam'an Al-Muwaled Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Social Science in the Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Durham, U.K. The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. No quotation from it should be published without his prior written consent and information derived from it should be acknowledged. -
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Yemen - Goveronrates 08 March 2010 City Port International Boundary Governorate Boundary Coastline wrl_polbnda_int_1m_uncs >all other values< Terr_Name Yemen Asphalt Road KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA Thamud Majz Al-Talh Sa'ada This space can be used for extended legend if many features are present or can be used for extra textual information if relevant. Jizan Al-Kurah Suq Al Ghinan Hawf Damqawt Damqawt Al-Fatk Haradh Al-Faydami Midi Maydi Al-Matammah Houth Al-Ghaydah Al-Hazm Map Doc Name: Tarim OCHA_SitMap_Template_v4_080117 Hamr Baraqish Al-Mahabishah Shibam Seiyun GLIDE Number: Enter GLIDE Number here Sunah Nishtun Raidah Nishtun Creation Date: Enter dd mmm yyyy here Al-Mu'taridAz Zuhrah Al-Luhayyah Hajjah Projection/Datum: Enter projection/datum here Loheiya Al-Ma'ras Amran Bayt Marran Hiswah Ras Fartak Web Resources: http://ochaonline.un.org/roap Tila Sayqat al Amir Haswayn KaukabanShibam Nominal Scale at A4 paper size: 1:3,569,537 Al-Mahwit Sirwah Marib Qishn Kamaran Island Sana'a Shabwah Az Zaydiyah Itab Kamaran Sahar Saleef Matnah Ghayman 0 50 100 150 kms Kamaran Ad Dahi Jihanah Sayhut Sayyan Sayhut Ras Isa Marine Terminal Manakhah Urj Hutayb Map data source(s): Qusay'ir Place here all map data sources, there are two lines available Qutay' Daf Ras Alkatheeb Zarajah Al-Marawi`ah Tabahla Hami Disclaimers: Hodeidah Mabar Bayhan al Qisab Ghayl ba Wazir Al-Hudaydah The designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of Risabah Al-Mansuriyah Hammam Ali Ash Shubaykah the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. -
The Impact of the War in Yemen on Artisanal Fishing of the Red Sea
Middle East Centre THE IMPACT OF THE WAR IN YEMEN ON ARTISANAL FISHING OF THE RED SEA Ammar Mohammed Al-Fareh LSE Middle East Centre Report | December 2018 2 The Impact of the War in Yemen on Artisanal Fishing of the Red Sea About the Middle East Centre The Middle East Centre builds on LSE’s long engagement with the Middle East and provides a central hub for the wide range of research on the region carried out at LSE. The Middle East Centre aims to enhance understanding and develop rigorous research on the societies, economies, polities and international relations of the region. The Centre promotes both special- ised knowledge and public understanding of this crucial area, and has outstanding strengths in interdisciplinary research and in regional expertise. As one of the world’s leading social science institutions, LSE comprises departments covering all branches of the social sciences. The Middle East Centre harnesses this expertise to promote innova- tive research and training on the region. Middle East Centre The Impact of the War in Yemen on Artisanal Fishing of the Red Sea Ammar Mohammed Al-Fareh LSE Middle East Centre Report December 2018 4 The Impact of the War in Yemen on Artisanal Fishing of the Red Sea About the Author Ammar Mohammed Al-Fareh is Con- sultant at I Access Consulting Company in Yemen. He was previously Executive Manager at Resilient Communities Orga- nization, a local Yemeni NGO. He has also worked as a researcher on the ‘Rural Wellbeing Project’ based at the American University in Beirut. As a researcher, Ammar has developed and implemented many studies includ- ing: ‘The Role of Mass Communication Means in Addressing Rural Development Issues in Yemen: A Descriptive Study of the Communicator’ in 2018; ‘The Effect of the 2011 Conflict on CSOs in Yemen: Sanaʿa as a Case Study’ in 2014; and ‘The Current Relationship between Culture and Microfinance in Yemen’ in 2013. -
Hydraulic Interpretation of Direct Velocity Measurements in the Bab Al Mandab*
NOVEMBER 1999 PRATT ET AL. 2769 Hydraulic Interpretation of Direct Velocity Measurements in the Bab al Mandab* L. J. PRATT Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts WILLIAM JOHNS Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, Florida STEPHEN P. M URRAY Coastal Studies Institute, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana KATSUROU KATSUMATA Department of Earth and Planetary Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (Manuscript received 5 February 1997, in ®nal form 14 October 1998) ABSTRACT Acoustic Doppler Current Pro®ler velocity measurements in the Bab al Mandab during the period June 1995± March 1996 are used to assess the hydraulic character of the exchange ¯ow. The strait is 150 km long and contains two distinct geometrical choke points: the Hanish sill and Perim narrows. The authors use a three-layer approximation of the monthly mean velocity and density structure at the sill and narrows to calculate the phase speeds of the ®rst and second internal, long gravity waves. The ®rst (second) mode is generally characterized by in-phase (out-of-phase) motions of the two interfaces. The calculations take cross-strait topographic variations into consideration by using a piecewise linear representation of the actual bottom. The resulting phase speeds are used to determine whether the ¯ow is subcritical, supercritical, or critical with respect to the ®rst and second modes. Subcritical (supercritical) means that the two wave pairs corresponding to a given mode propagate in opposite (the same) directions, whereas ``critical'' means that one or both members of a pair has zero phase speed. Critical or supercritical conditions are indications of hydraulic control and imply that signal propagation through the strait associated with a particular mode can occur in only one direction, or perhaps not at all.