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Fair Ball! Why Adjustments Are Needed
© Copyright, Princeton University Press. No part of this book may be distributed, posted, or reproduced in any form by digital or mechanical means without prior written permission of the publisher. CHAPTER 1 Fair Ball! Why Adjustments Are Needed King Arthur’s quest for it in the Middle Ages became a large part of his legend. Monty Python and Indiana Jones launched their searches in popular 1974 and 1989 movies. The mythic quest for the Holy Grail, the name given in Western tradition to the chal- ice used by Jesus Christ at his Passover meal the night before his death, is now often a metaphor for a quintessential search. In the illustrious history of baseball, the “holy grail” is a ranking of each player’s overall value on the baseball diamond. Because player skills are multifaceted, it is not clear that such a ranking is possible. In comparing two players, you see that one hits home runs much better, whereas the other gets on base more often, is faster on the base paths, and is a better fielder. So which player should rank higher? In Baseball’s All-Time Best Hitters, I identified which players were best at getting a hit in a given at-bat, calling them the best hitters. Many reviewers either disapproved of or failed to note my definition of “best hitter.” Although frequently used in base- ball writings, the terms “good hitter” or best hitter are rarely defined. In a July 1997 Sports Illustrated article, Tom Verducci called Tony Gwynn “the best hitter since Ted Williams” while considering only batting average. -
Read Book Who Was Babe Ruth?
WHO WAS BABE RUTH? PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Joan Holub,Ted Hammond,Nancy Harrison | 112 pages | 01 May 2012 | Penguin Putnam Inc | 9780448455860 | English | New York, United States Who Was Babe Ruth? PDF Book Salsinger, H. New York: W. Louis Terriers of the Federal League in , leading his team in batting average. It was the first time he had appeared in a game other than as a pitcher or pinch-hitter and the first time he batted in any spot other than ninth. It would have surprised no one if, for whatever reason, Ruth was out of baseball in a year or two. Sources In addition to the sources cited in the Notes, the author also consulted Baseball- Reference. In addition to this stunning display of power, Ruth was fourth in batting average at. Smith, Ellen. The Schenectady Gazette. And somehow Ruth may have actually had a better year at the plate than he did in Although he played all positions at one time or another, he gained stardom as a pitcher. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. He was succeeded by Queen Elizabeth II in Over the course of his career, Babe Ruth went on to break baseball's most important slugging records, including most years leading a league in home runs, most total bases in a season, and highest slugging percentage for a season. Subscribe today. Ruth went 2-for-4, including a two-run home run. Ruth remained productive in For those seven seasons he averaged 49 home runs per season, batted in runs, and had a batting average of. -
Baseball Cyclopedia
' Class J^V gG3 Book . L 3 - CoKyiigtit]^?-LLO ^ CORfRIGHT DEPOSIT. The Baseball Cyclopedia By ERNEST J. LANIGAN Price 75c. PUBLISHED BY THE BASEBALL MAGAZINE COMPANY 70 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK CITY BALL PLAYER ART POSTERS FREE WITH A 1 YEAR SUBSCRIPTION TO BASEBALL MAGAZINE Handsome Posters in Sepia Brown on Coated Stock P 1% Pp Any 6 Posters with one Yearly Subscription at r KtlL $2.00 (Canada $2.00, Foreign $2.50) if order is sent DiRECT TO OUR OFFICE Group Posters 1921 ''GIANTS," 1921 ''YANKEES" and 1921 PITTSBURGH "PIRATES" 1320 CLEVELAND ''INDIANS'' 1920 BROOKLYN TEAM 1919 CINCINNATI ''REDS" AND "WHITE SOX'' 1917 WHITE SOX—GIANTS 1916 RED SOX—BROOKLYN—PHILLIES 1915 BRAVES-ST. LOUIS (N) CUBS-CINCINNATI—YANKEES- DETROIT—CLEVELAND—ST. LOUIS (A)—CHI. FEDS. INDIVIDUAL POSTERS of the following—25c Each, 6 for 50c, or 12 for $1.00 ALEXANDER CDVELESKIE HERZOG MARANVILLE ROBERTSON SPEAKER BAGBY CRAWFORD HOOPER MARQUARD ROUSH TYLER BAKER DAUBERT HORNSBY MAHY RUCKER VAUGHN BANCROFT DOUGLAS HOYT MAYS RUDOLPH VEACH BARRY DOYLE JAMES McGRAW RUETHER WAGNER BENDER ELLER JENNINGS MgINNIS RUSSILL WAMBSGANSS BURNS EVERS JOHNSON McNALLY RUTH WARD BUSH FABER JONES BOB MEUSEL SCHALK WHEAT CAREY FLETCHER KAUFF "IRISH" MEUSEL SCHAN6 ROSS YOUNG CHANCE FRISCH KELLY MEYERS SCHMIDT CHENEY GARDNER KERR MORAN SCHUPP COBB GOWDY LAJOIE "HY" MYERS SISLER COLLINS GRIMES LEWIS NEHF ELMER SMITH CONNOLLY GROH MACK S. O'NEILL "SHERRY" SMITH COOPER HEILMANN MAILS PLANK SNYDER COUPON BASEBALL MAGAZINE CO., 70 Fifth Ave., New York Gentlemen:—Enclosed is $2.00 (Canadian $2.00, Foreign $2.50) for 1 year's subscription to the BASEBALL MAGAZINE. -
FLOOD V. KUHN Supreme Court of the United States 407 U.S
FLOOD v. KUHN Supreme Court of the United States 407 U.S. 258, 92 S. Ct. 2099 (1972) Mr. Justice BLACKMUN delivered the opinion of the Court. For the third time in 50 years the Court is asked specifically to rule that professional baseball's reserve system is within the reach of the federal antitrust laws.1 . 1 The reserve system, publicly introduced into baseball contracts in 1887, see Metropolitan Exhibition Co. v. Ewing, 42 F. 198, 202--204 (C.C.SDNY 1890), centers in the uniformity of player contracts; the confinement of the player to the club that has him under the contract; the assignability of the player's contract; and the ability of the club annually to renew the contract unilaterally, subject to a stated salary minimum. Thus A. Rule 3 of the Major League Rules provides in part: '(a) UNIFORM CONTRACT. To preserve morale and to produce the similarity of conditions necessary to keen competition, the contracts between all clubs and their players in the Major Leagues shall be in a single form which shall be prescribed by the Major League Executive Council. No club shall make a contract different from the uniform contract or a contract containing a non-reserve clause, except with the written approval of the Commissioner. '(g) TAMPERING. To preserve discipline and competition, and to prevent the enticement of players, coaches, managers and umpires, there shall be no negotiations or dealings respecting employment, either present or prospective, between any player, coach or manager and any club other than the club with which he is under contract or acceptance of terms, or by which he is reserved, or which has the player on its Negotiation List, or between any umpire and any league other than the league with which he is under contract or acceptance of terms, unless the club or league with which he is connected shall have, in writing, expressly authorized such negotiations or dealings prior to their commencement.' B. -
Monopsony in Manpower: Organized Baseball Meets the Antitrust Laws*
MONOPSONY IN MANPOWER: ORGANIZED BASEBALL MEETS THE ANTITRUST LAWS* FOR over sixty years professional baseball clubs have disregarded with im- punity the mandate of the Sherman Act I that "competition, not combination should be the law of trade.' 2 By agreeing not to compete for players' ;ervices and by blacklisting those players who turn to higher bidders, a combinatio,, of 335 clubs, known as "organized baseball," has attained a monopsony, or "buyer's monopoly," 3 over the market for skilled baseball talent. Use of this monopsony leverage has enabled the combination to regulate player salaries, exclude *The scope of this Comment is limited to restraints on competition in the purchase of baseball players' services and the selling of professional baseball exhibitions. Because of space limitations, the industry's antitrust problems regarding radio and television will not here be discussed. At the behest of the Department of Justice, the major leagues rescinded agreements restricting competition in the sale of radio and television rights, October 8, 1951. Hearings before Subcommittee on Study of Monopoly Power of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives, Serial No. 1, Part 6, 82d Cong., 1st Sess. (1951) (hereinafter cited as HMAIUNGs), 1177-9. Organized baseball is, how- ever, watching the pending government antitrust suit against professional football's television restraints, United States v. National Football League, No. 12808, E.D. Pa., with more than casual interest. N.Y. Times, Jan. 27, 1953, p. 30, col. 1. The problems created by unrestricted competition in the purchase of players' services appear to be common to all professional team sports. -
The Replay News 1930 FINAL EDITION
The Replay News 1930 FINAL EDITION MVP’s Lefty Grove (Top) and Chuck Klein Table of Contents 3- Final Standings 4- American League Batting Leaders 5- American League Pitching Leaders 6- National League Batting Leaders 7- National League Pitching Leaders 8- Team-by-Team Individual Batting and Pitching Stats 24- Team Batting and Pitching Stats 25- Top Game Performances 26- World Series Summary 27- World Series Scoresheets 32- Comparison of Individual Batters’ Stats to Actual 46- Comparison of Individual Pitchers’ Stats to Actual MLB Standings Through Games Of 9/28/1930 American League W LGB Pct Strk R RA Philadelphia Athletics 105 49-- .682 W1 969 639 Washington Senators 97 578.0 .630 L1 882 685 New York Yankees 92 6213.0 .597 W3 1105 881 Detroit Tigers 78 7627.0 .506 L2 772 802 Cleveland Indians 67 8738.0 .435 W1 781 929 Chicago White Sox 65 8940.0 .422 W2 760 886 Boston Red Sox 60 9445.0 .390 L3 672 859 St. Louis Browns 52 10253.0 .338 L1 687 947 National League W LGB Pct Strk R RA Chicago Cubs 98 56-- .636 W3 961 781 New York Giants 89 659.0 .578 L3 909 793 Pittsburgh Pirates 85 6913.0 .552 L1 960 888 Brooklyn Robins 83 7115.0 .539 W2 876 774 St. Louis Cardinals 83 7115.0 .539 W1 980 828 Philadelphia Phillies 64 9034.0 .416 W4 977 1223 Boston Braves 59 9539.0 .383 L2 724 848 Cincinnati Reds 55 9943.0 .357 L3 723 954 American League Leaders Including Games of Sunday, September 28, 1930 Hits Strikeouts Batting Leaders Lou GehrigNYA 239 Tony LazzeriNYA 70 Carl ReynoldsCHA 224 Ed MorganCLE 69 Batting Average Al SimmonsPHA 223 Jimmie FoxxPHA -
Triple Plays Analysis
A Second Look At The Triple Plays By Chuck Rosciam This analysis updates my original paper published on SABR.org and Retrosheet.org and my Triple Plays sub-website at SABR. The origin of the extensive triple play database1 from which this analysis stems is the SABR Triple Play Project co-chaired by myself and Frank Hamilton with the assistance of dozens of SABR researchers2. Using the original triple play database and updating/validating each play, I used event files and box scores from Retrosheet3 to build a current database containing all of the recorded plays in which three outs were made (1876-2019). In this updated data set 719 triple plays (TP) were identified. [See complete list/table elsewhere on Retrosheet.org under FEATURES and then under NOTEWORTHY EVENTS]. The 719 triple plays covered one-hundred-forty-four seasons. 1890 was the Year of the Triple Play that saw nineteen of them turned. There were none in 1961 and in 1974. On average the number of TP’s is 4.9 per year. The number of TP’s each year were: Total Triple Plays Each Year (all Leagues) Ye a r T P's Ye a r T P's Ye a r T P's Ye a r T P's Ye a r T P's Ye a r T P's <1876 1900 1 1925 7 1950 5 1975 1 2000 5 1876 3 1901 8 1926 9 1951 4 1976 3 2001 2 1877 3 1902 6 1927 9 1952 3 1977 6 2002 6 1878 2 1903 7 1928 2 1953 5 1978 6 2003 2 1879 2 1904 1 1929 11 1954 5 1979 11 2004 3 1880 4 1905 8 1930 7 1955 7 1980 5 2005 1 1881 3 1906 4 1931 8 1956 2 1981 5 2006 5 1882 10 1907 3 1932 3 1957 4 1982 4 2007 4 1883 2 1908 7 1933 2 1958 4 1983 5 2008 2 1884 10 1909 4 1934 5 1959 2 -
National~ Pastime
'II Welcome to baseball's past, as vigor TNP, ous, discordant, and fascinating as that ======.==1 of the nation whose pastime is cele brated in these pages. And to those who were with us for TNP's debut last fall, welcome back. A good many ofyou, we suspect, were introduced to the Society for American Baseball Research (SABR) with that issue, inasmuchas the membership of the organization leapt from 1600 when this column was penned last year to 4400 today. Ifyou are not already one of our merry band ofbaseball buffs, we ==========~THE-::::::::::::================== hope you will considerjoining. Details about SABR mem bership and other Society publications are on the inside National ~ Pastime back cover. A REVIEW OF BASEBALL HISTORY What's new this time around? New writers, for one (excepting John Holway and Don Nelson, who make triumphant return appearances). Among this year's crop is that most prolific ofauthors, Anon., who hereby goes The Best Fielders of the Century, Bill Deane 2 under the nom de plume of "Dr. Starkey"; his "Ballad of The Day the Reds Lost, George Bulkley 5 Old Bill Williams" is a narrative folk epic meriting com The Hapless Braves of 1935, Don Nelson 10 parison to "Casey at the Bat." No less worthy ofattention Out at Home,jerry Malloy 14 is this year's major article, "Out at Home," an exam Louis Van Zelst in the Age of Magic, ination of how the color line was drawn in baseball in john B. Holway 30 1887, and its painful consequences for the black players Sal Maglie: A Study in Frustration, then active in Organized Baseball. -
Base Ball, Trap Shooting and General Sports
•x ^iw^^<KgK«^trat..:^^ BASE BALL, TRAP SHOOTING AND GENERAL SPORTS. Volume 45 No. 3- Philadelphia, April I, 1905. Price, Five Cents. THE EMPIRE STATE THE NATIONALS. 99 THE TITLE OF A JUST STARTED SUCH IS NOW THE TITLE OF THE NEW YORK LEAGUE. WASHINGTON^ Six Towns in the Central Part of By Popular Vote the Washington the State in the Circuit An Or Club is Directed to Discard the ganization Effected, Constitution Hoodoo Title, Senators, and Re Adopted and Directors Chosen. sume the Time-Honored Name. SPECIAL TO SPORTING LIFE. SPECIAL TO SPORTING LIFB. Syracuse, N. Y., March 28. The new Washington, D. C., March 29. Hereafter baseball combination, to include thriving the Washington base ball team will be towns iu Central New York, has been known as "the Nationals." The committee christened the Empire State of local newspaper men ap League, its name being de pointed to select a name for cided at a meeting of the the reorganized Washington league, held on March. 19 Base Ball Club to take the in the Empire House this place of the hoodoo nick city. Those present were name, "Senators," held its George H. Geer, proxy for first meeting Friday after Charles H. Knapp, of Au noon and decided to call the burn, Mr. Knapp being pre new club "National," after vented by illness from at the once famous National tending; F. C. Landgraf Club of this city, that once and M. T. Roche, Cortland; played on the lot back of Robert L. Utley, J. H. Put- the White House. The com naui and Charles R. -
Detrending Career Statistics in Professional Baseball: Accounting
Methods for detrending success metrics to account for inflationary and deflationary factors Alexander M. Petersen∗,1 Orion Penner,2 and H. Eugene Stanley1 1Center for Polymer Studies and Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA 2Complexity Science Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada (Dated: March 17, 2011) There is a long standing debate over how to objectively compare the career achievements of professional athletes from different historical eras. Developing an objective approach will be of particular importance over the next decade as Major League Baseball (MLB) players from the “steroids era” become eligible for Hall of Fame induction. Some experts are calling for asterisks (*) to be placed next to the career statistics of athletes found guilty of using performance enhancing drugs (PED). Here we address this issue, as well as the general problem of comparing statistics from distinct eras, by detrending the seasonal statistics of professional baseball players. We detrend player statistics by normalizing achievements to seasonal averages, which accounts for changes in relative player ability resulting from both exogenous and endogenous factors, such as talent dilution from expansion, equipment and training improvements, as well as PED. In this paper we compare the probability density function (pdf) of detrended career statistics to the pdf of raw career statistics for five statistical categories — hits (H), home runs (HR), runs batted in (RBI), wins (W) and strikeouts (K) — over the 90-year period 1920-2009. We find that the functional form of these pdfs are stationary under detrending. This stationarity implies that the statistical regularity observed in the right-skewed distributions for longevity and success in professional baseball arises from both the wide range of intrinsic talent among athletes and the underlying nature of competition. -
Hampson, Mintie & Abbott, Inc
Second Section IN THE DEMOCRAT REACH PAGES 11 TO 18 OVER 60.000 PEOPLE DAILY WATERBURY EVENING DEMOCRAT. WEDNESDAY. JANUARY 7. 1930 PAGE ELEVEN Drivers of Cars MANY ATTEND FUNERAL OF ROGER CONNOR Lose Licenses First Set Of 1931 Must Walk or Employ Young Man Put Chauffeurs for One Year Twins Cheek In Profuse Floral For Chicago Mayoralty on Fighting A list of operators whose licenses Probation Twin sons were born this at the Waterbury hospital to Mr to drive automobiles in. Connecticut morning and Mrs Frank Rossi of Mother and youngsters were re- have been suspended for one year Middlebury. Tributes Mark Given Chance to Life this afternoon as Begin fcr driving while under the Influence ported doing very nicely. the arrived in at 7:02 and his brother Anew of liquor was given out to-day at One of the little lads Waterbury and Do Better six State Motor Vehicle Department as checked in at 7:11 a. m. They weigh five pounds, nine ounces and Burial A suspended sentence to the Che- a part of the effort to reduce this pounds, two ounces. To-day menace. The department shire reformatory disposed of the highway set twihs born in in the new of advised to notify It is the first of Waterbury year case to-day of William Sweeney, statement people the or the In case 1931. will take official notice of its increase in population 22, of Bank street, who was arrested department police Middlebury President John of National and New should see of these drivers to Heydler League several weeks ago and held on the they any and will extend congratulations and a welcome greeting operating motor vehicles. -
At the Brink of Free Agency: Creating the Foundation for the Messersmith-Mcnally Decision - 1968-1975 Edmund P
Notre Dame Law School NDLScholarship Writings Ed Edmonds' Collection on Sports Law 2010 At the Brink of Free Agency: Creating the Foundation for the Messersmith-McNally Decision - 1968-1975 Edmund P. Edmonds Notre Dame Law School, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.law.nd.edu/writings_sports Part of the Entertainment, Arts, and Sports Law Commons Recommended Citation Edmonds, Edmund P., "At the Brink of Free Agency: Creating the Foundation for the Messersmith-McNally Decision - 1968-1975" (2010). Writings. 5. http://scholarship.law.nd.edu/writings_sports/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Ed Edmonds' Collection on Sports Law at NDLScholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Writings by an authorized administrator of NDLScholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Notre Dame Law School NDLScholarship Journal Articles Publications 2010 At the Brink of Free Agency: Creating the Foundation for the Messersmith-McNally Decision - 1968-1975 Edmund P. Edmonds Notre Dame Law School, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.law.nd.edu/law_faculty_scholarship Part of the Antitrust and Trade Regulation Commons, and the Contracts Commons Recommended Citation Edmonds, Edmund P., "At the Brink of Free Agency: Creating the Foundation for the Messersmith-McNally Decision - 1968-1975" (2010). Journal Articles. Paper 270. http://scholarship.law.nd.edu/law_faculty_scholarship/270 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Publications at NDLScholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal Articles by an authorized administrator of NDLScholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected].