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Managing the Critically Ill Child a Guide for Anaesthetists and Emergency Physicians

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Managing the Critically Ill Child a Guide for Anaesthetists and Emergency Physicians Managing the Critically Ill Child A Guide for Anaesthetists and Emergency Physicians Downloaded from Cambridge Books Online by IP 128.122.149.154 on Mon Mar 18 18:40:43 WET 2013. http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9781139107815 Cambridge Books Online © Cambridge University Press, 2013 (021)66485438 66485457 www.ketabpezeshki.com Downloaded from Cambridge Books Online by IP 128.122.149.154 on Mon Mar 18 18:40:43 WET 2013. http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9781139107815 Cambridge Books Online © Cambridge University Press, 2013 Managing the Critically Ill Child A Guide for Anaesthetists and Emergency Physicians Edited by Richard Skone Specialist Registrar, Paediatric Intensive Care Medicine and Anaesthetics, Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK Fiona Reynolds Paediatric Intensivist, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK Steven Cray Consultant Paediatric Anaesthetist, Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK Oliver Bagshaw Consultant in Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK Kathleen Berry Consultant in Paediatric Emergency Medicine, Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK (021)66485438 66485457 www.ketabpezeshki.com Downloaded from Cambridge Books Online by IP 128.122.149.154 on Mon Mar 18 18:40:43 WET 2013. http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9781139107815 Cambridge Books Online © Cambridge University Press, 2013 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo, Delhi, Mexico City Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9781107652323 © Cambridge University Press 2013 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2013 Printed and bound in the United Kingdom by the MPG Books Group A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication data Managing the critically ill child : a guide for anaesthetists and emergency physicians / edited by Richard Skone ... [et al.]. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 978-1-107-65232-3 (Paperback) 1. Pediatric emergencies. 2. Critically ill children–Medical care. I. Skone, Richard RJ370.M34 2013 618.9200025–dc23 2012028035 ISBN 978-1-107-65232-3 Paperback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Every effort has been made in preparing this book to provide accurate and up-to-date information which is in accord with accepted standards and practice at the time of publication. Although case histories are drawn from actual cases, every effort has been made to disguise the identities of the individuals involved. Nevertheless, the authors, editors and publishers can make no warranties that the information contained herein is totally free from error, not least because clinical standards are constantly changing through research and regulation. The authors, editors and publishers therefore disclaim all liability for direct or con- sequential damages resulting from the use of material contained in this book. Readers are strongly advised to pay careful attention to infor- mation provided by the manufacturer of any drugs or equipment that they plan to use. (021)66485438 66485457 www.ketabpezeshki.com Downloaded from Cambridge Books Online by IP 128.122.149.154 on Mon Mar 18 18:40:43 WET 2013. http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9781139107815 Cambridge Books Online © Cambridge University Press, 2013 Contents List of contributors vii Section 1 – The District General 10 The child with seizures 95 Hospital Setting Katie Z. Wright 1 Setting up a department for 11 The child with diabetic managing a sick child 1 ketoacidosis 104 Adrian P. Jennings and Julian Berlet Ian Jenkins 2 Team approach and organization 9 12 Inherited metabolic 112 Richard Skone conditions Saikat Santra 3 Equipment 14 13 122 Fiona Reynolds Paediatric toxicology Marius Holmes Section 2 – Clinical 14 The child with anaphylaxis 130 Conditions Nick Sargant 15 The child with stridor 137 4 Stabilization of the critically Ed Carver and Tim Day-Thompson ill child: the initial approach 21 Richard Skone 16 The difficult paediatric 146 5 The child with sepsis 33 airway Matthew D. Christopherson and Oliver Masters and Alistair Paul Baines Cranston 17 159 6 The child with cardiac disease 48 The surgical abdomen John Smith, with illustrations by Suren Arul Mazyar Kanani 18 Paediatric trauma 169 7 The child with shortness of Karl Thies 64 breath 19 The child with raised intracranial Brian Shields and Benjamin Stanhope pressure 180 8 The child with asthma 76 Phil Hyde Josephine Langton and Stuart 20 The child with burns 192 Hartshorn Sapna Verma and Manu Sundaram 9 The child with decreased 21 Blood product administration 87 consciousness and coma in children 201 Mark D. Lyttle Oliver Bagshaw v (021)66485438 66485457 www.ketabpezeshki.com Downloaded from Cambridge Books Online by IP 128.122.149.154 on Mon Mar 18 18:41:08 WET 2013. http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9781139107815 Cambridge Books Online © Cambridge University Press, 2013 vi Contents 22 The sick neonate presenting Section 4 – The Children’s with shock 211 Fiona Reynolds Hospital Setting 31 Ventilation 277 Section 3 – What You Could Be J. Nick Pratap Expected to Do in a District 32 Fluid therapy 288 General Hospital Adrian Plunkett 33 Pharmacology in children 300 23 Ongoing management of the successful arrest 219 Rhian Isaac Barney Scholefield 34 Neonates 309 Richard Skone 24 Referring-team-led transfers 228 Andrew J. Baldock and Gareth D. Jones Section 5 – Golden Rules 25 Anaesthetizing for a surgical 35 Quick reference for emergency 235 emergencies 321 Andy Tatman and Richard Kasyap Jamalapuram Pierson 36 Drug infusions 323 26 Managing children on an adult Kasyap Jamalapuram critical care unit 245 37 Top tips for practical Helga Becker procedures 325 27 Pain management in Steven Cray children 250 38 UK vaccination schedule 329 Ursula Dickson Richard Skone 28 Children with complex needs and 39 Common syndromes in the 258 disability critically ill child 330 Kate Skone and Ian Oliver Bagshaw Wacogne 29 When a child dies 266 Fiona Reynolds Index 340 30 Child protection 270 Kate Skone and Geoff Debelle (021)66485438 66485457 www.ketabpezeshki.com Downloaded from Cambridge Books Online by IP 128.122.149.154 on Mon Mar 18 18:41:08 WET 2013. http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9781139107815 Cambridge Books Online © Cambridge University Press, 2013 List of contributors Suren Arul Matthew D. Christopherson Consultant Paediatric Surgeon, Specialist Registrar in Paediatric Intensive Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Care, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Birmingham, UK Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK Oliver Bagshaw Alistair Cranston Consultant in Anaesthesia and Intensive Consultant Anaesthetist, Care, Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK Birmingham, UK Paul Baines Steven Cray Consultant in Paediatric Intensive Care, Alder Consultant Paediatric Anaesthetist, Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust; Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Wellcome Trust Biomedical Ethics Research Birmingham, UK Fellow, Department of Professional Ethics, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK Tim Day-Thompson Specialist Registrar in Anaesthesia, Andrew J. Baldock Birmingham School of Anaesthesia, Specialist Registrar in Anaesthesia, Birmingham, UK Southampton University Hospital, Southampton, UK Geoff Debelle Consultant Paediatrician, Helga Becker Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Consultant Anaesthetist, Dudley Group Birmingham, UK NHS Foundation Trust, West Midlands, UK Ursula Dickson Julian Berlet Consultant in Paediatric Anaesthesia, Consultant Anaesthetist, Worcester Royal Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Hospital, Worcester, UK Birmingham, UK Kathleen Berry Stuart Hartshorn Consultant in Paediatric Emergency Consultant in Paediatric Emergency ’ Medicine, Birmingham Children s Medicine, Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK Hospital, Birmingham, UK Ed Carver Marius Holmes Consultant Paediatric Anaesthetist, ’ Specialist Registrar in Emergency Birmingham Children s Hospital, Medicine, West Midlands Deanery, UK Birmingham, UK vii (021)66485438 66485457 www.ketabpezeshki.com Downloaded from Cambridge Books Online by IP 128.122.149.154 on Mon Mar 18 18:41:24 WET 2013. http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9781139107815 Cambridge Books Online © Cambridge University Press, 2013 viii List of contributors Phil Hyde Richard Pierson Consultant Paediatric Intensivist, Paediatric Specialist Registrar in Anaesthetics, Intensive Care Unit, Southampton General West Midlands Deanery, UK Hospital, Southampton, UK Adrian Plunkett Rhian Isaac Consultant Paediatric Intensivist, Paediatric Pharmacist, Birmingham Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK Birmingham, UK Kasyap Jamalapuram J. Nick Pratap Specialist Registrar, Paediatric Emergency Assistant Professor in Anaesthesia and ’ Medicine, West Midlands Deanery,
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