Utilization of Different Forms of Nitrogen by Heterotrophic
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ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY: CHALLENGES for the 21St CENTURY
ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY: CHALLENGES FOR THE 21st CENTURY VOL. 2 Book of Abstracts of the Communications presented to the 22nd International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry Seville – Spain. September 12 -16, 2005 Editors: F.J. González-Vila, J.A. González-Pérez and G. Almendros Equipo de trabajo: Rocío González Vázquez Antonio Terán Rodíguez José Mª de la Rosa Arranz Maquetación: Rocío González Vázquez Fotomecánica e impresión: Akron Gráfica, Sevilla © 22nd IMOG, Sevilla 2005 Depósito legal: SE-61181-2005 I.S.B.N.: 84-689-3661-8 COMMITTEES INVOLVED IN THE ORGANIZATION OF THE 22 IMOG 2005 Chairman: Francisco J. GONZÁLEZ-VILA Vice-Chairman: José A. GONZÁLEZ-PÉREZ Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS) Scientific Committee Francisco J. GONZÁLEZ-VILA (Chairman) IRNAS-CSIC, Spain Gonzalo ALMENDROS Claude LARGEAU CCMA-CSIC, Spain ENSC, France Pim van BERGEN José C. del RÍO SHELL Global Solutions, The Netherlands IRNAS-CSIC, Spain Jørgen A. BOJESEN-KOEFOED Jürgen RULLKÖTTER GEUS, Denmark ICBM, Germany Chris CORNFORD Stefan SCHOUTEN IGI, UK NIOZ, The Netherlands Gary ISAKSEN Eugenio VAZ dos SANTOS NETO EXXONMOBIL, USA PETROBRAS RD, Brazil Local Committee José Ramón de ANDRÉS IGME, Spain Mª Carmen DORRONSORO Mª Enriqueta ARIAS Universidad del País Vasco Universidad de Alcalá Antonio GUERRERO Tomasz BOSKI Universidad de Sevilla Universidad do Algarve, Faro, Portugal Juan LLAMAS Ignacio BRISSON ETSI Minas de Madrid Repsol YPF Albert PERMANYER Juan COTA Universidad de Barcelona Universidad de Sevilla EAOG Board Richard L. PATIENCE (Chairman) Sylvie DERENNE (Secretary) Ger W. van GRAAS (Treasurer) Walter MICHAELIS (Awards) Francisco J. GONZALEZ-VILA (Newsletter) C. -
What Are the Sustainable Development Goals?
MODULE 1: What are the Sustainable Development Goals? Youth Workers 4 Global Goals CAPACITY BUILDING IN THE FIELD OF YOUTH This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. Module 1: What are the Sustainable Development Goals? Introduction ................................................................................................................ 2 I. What is Sustainable Development?.……………….…………….……………….....………………….3 Sustainability ............................................................................................................... 3 Development……………………………………………………………………………………………………….…..6 Sustainable development . ........................................................................................... 8 II. What are the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)? ......................................... 13 The Millennium Development Goals .......................................................................... 13 The Sustainable Development Goals ......................................................................... 15 1 INTRODUCTION In September 2015, the leaders of all 193 member states of the UN adopted Agenda 2030, a universal agenda that contains the Global Goals for Sustainable Development. The 17 Goals in turn hold 169 targets and 230 indicators. The Global Goals is the most ambitious agreement for sustainable development -
Thermophilic Lithotrophy and Phototrophy in an Intertidal, Iron-Rich, Geothermal Spring 2 3 Lewis M
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/428698; this version posted September 27, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Thermophilic Lithotrophy and Phototrophy in an Intertidal, Iron-rich, Geothermal Spring 2 3 Lewis M. Ward1,2,3*, Airi Idei4, Mayuko Nakagawa2,5, Yuichiro Ueno2,5,6, Woodward W. 4 Fischer3, Shawn E. McGlynn2* 5 6 1. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA 7 2. Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan 8 3. Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 9 91125 USA 10 4. Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, 11 Japan 12 5. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo, 13 152-8551, Japan 14 6. Department of Subsurface Geobiological Analysis and Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth 15 Science and Technology, Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan 16 Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected] 17 18 Abstract 19 Hydrothermal systems, including terrestrial hot springs, contain diverse and systematic 20 arrays of geochemical conditions that vary over short spatial scales due to progressive interaction 21 between the reducing hydrothermal fluids, the oxygenated atmosphere, and in some cases 22 seawater. At Jinata Onsen, on Shikinejima Island, Japan, an intertidal, anoxic, iron- and 23 hydrogen-rich hot spring mixes with the oxygenated atmosphere and sulfate-rich seawater over 24 short spatial scales, creating an enormous range of redox environments over a distance ~10 m. -
Global Biomass Production Potentials Exceed Expected Future Demand Without the Need for Cropland Expansion
ARTICLE Received 24 Jul 2015 | Accepted 20 Oct 2015 | Published 12 Nov 2015 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9946 OPEN Global biomass production potentials exceed expected future demand without the need for cropland expansion Wolfram Mauser1, Gernot Klepper2, Florian Zabel1, Ruth Delzeit2, Tobias Hank1, Birgitta Putzenlechner1 & Alvaro Calzadilla2 Global biomass demand is expected to roughly double between 2005 and 2050. Current studies suggest that agricultural intensification through optimally managed crops on today’s cropland alone is insufficient to satisfy future demand. In practice though, improving crop growth management through better technology and knowledge almost inevitably goes along with (1) improving farm management with increased cropping intensity and more annual harvests where feasible and (2) an economically more efficient spatial allocation of crops which maximizes farmers’ profit. By explicitly considering these two factors we show that, without expansion of cropland, today’s global biomass potentials substantially exceed pre- vious estimates and even 2050s’ demands. We attribute 39% increase in estimated global production potentials to increasing cropping intensities and 30% to the spatial reallocation of crops to their profit-maximizing locations. The additional potentials would make cropland expansion redundant. Their geographic distribution points at possible hotspots for future intensification. 1 Department of Geography, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Luisenstr. 37, 80333 Munich, Germany. 2 Kiel Institute for the World Economy, Kiellinie 66, 24105 Kiel, Germany. Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to W.M. (email: [email protected]). NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | 6:8946 | DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9946 | www.nature.com/naturecommunications 1 & 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved. ARTICLE NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9946 lobal demand for biomass-based products will increase crop rotation patterns and the risk aversion of farmers in over the next decades. -
Implementing Sustainable Forest Management Using Six Concepts In
Journal of Sustainable Forestry, 29:79–108, 2010 Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC ISSN: 1054-9811 print/1540-756X online DOI: 10.1080/10549810903463494 WJSF1054-98111540-756XJournalImplementing of Sustainable Forestry,Forestry Vol. 29, No. 1, January-March 2009: pp. 0–0 Sustainable Forest Management Using Six Concepts in an Adaptive Management Framework ForestB. C. Foster in an etAdaptive al. Management Framework BRYAN C. FOSTER1, DEANE WANG1, WILLIAM S. KEETON1, and MARK S. ASHTON2 1Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA 2School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA Certification and principles, criteria and indicators (PCI) describe desired ends for sustainable forest management (SFM) but do not address potential means to achieve those ends. As a result, forest owners and managers participating in certification and employing PCI as tools to achieving SFM may be doing so inefficiently: achiev- ing results by trial-and-error rather than by targeted management practices; dispersing resources away from priority objectives; and passively monitoring outcomes rather than actively establishing quantitative goals. In this literature review, we propose six con- cepts to guide SFM implementation. These concepts include: Best Management Practices (BMPs)/Reduced Impact Logging (RIL), biodiversity conservation, forest protection, multi-scale planning, participatory forestry, and sustained forest production. We place Downloaded By: [Keeton, W. S.] At: 16:17 8 March 2010 these concepts within an iterative decision-making framework of planning, implementation, and assessment, and provide brief definitions of and practices delimited by each concept. A case study describing SFM in the neo-tropics illustrates a potential application of our six concepts. -
Nicole Kube Phd
Leibniz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften The integration of microalgae photobioreactors in a recirculation system for low water discharge mariculture Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät an der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel vorgelegt von Nicole Kube Kiel, 2006 Referentin: Prof. Dr. Karin Lochte Koreferent: Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Harald Rosenthal Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: Zum Druck genehmigt: Kiel, den Der Dekan Foreword The manuscripts included in this thesis are prepared for submission to peer- reviewed journals as listed below: Wecker B., Kube N., Bischoff A.A., Waller U. (2006). MARE – Marine Artificial Recirculated Ecosystem: feasibility and modelling of a novel integrated recirculation system. (manuscript) Kube N., Bischoff A.A., Wecker B., Waller U. Cultivation of microalgae using a continuous photobioreactor system based on dissolved nutrients of a recirculation system for low water discharge mariculture (manuscript) Kube N. And Rosenthal H. Ozonation and foam fractionation used for the removal of bacteria and parti- cles in a marine recirculation system for microalgae cultivation (manuscript) Kube N., Bischoff A.A., Blümel M., Wecker B., Waller U. MARE – Marine Artificial Recirulated Ecosystem II: Influence on the nitrogen cycle in a marine recirculation system with low water discharge by cultivat- ing detritivorous organisms and phototrophic microalgae. (manuscript) This thesis has been realised with the help of several collegues. The contributions in particular -
Nutrient Control Design Manual: State of Technology Review Report,” Were
United States Office of Research and EPA/600/R‐09/012 Environmental Protection Development January 2009 Agency Washington, DC 20460 Nutrient Control Design Manual State of Technology Review Report EPA/600/R‐09/012 January 2009 Nutrient Control Design Manual State of Technology Review Report by The Cadmus Group, Inc 57 Water Street Watertown, MA 02472 Scientific, Technical, Research, Engineering, and Modeling Support (STREAMS) Task Order 68 Contract No. EP‐C‐05‐058 George T. Moore, Task Order Manager United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development / National Risk Management Research Laboratory 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Mail Code 445 Cincinnati, Ohio, 45268 Notice This document was prepared by The Cadmus Group, Inc. (Cadmus) under EPA Contract No. EP‐C‐ 05‐058, Task Order 68. The Cadmus Team was lead by Patricia Hertzler and Laura Dufresne with Senior Advisors Clifford Randall, Emeritus Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Virginia Tech and Director of the Occoquan Watershed Monitoring Program; James Barnard, Global Practice and Technology Leader at Black & Veatch; David Stensel, Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Washington; and Jeanette Brown, Executive Director of the Stamford Water Pollution Control Authority and Adjunct Professor of Environmental Engineering at Manhattan College. Disclaimer The views expressed in this document are those of the individual authors and do not necessarily, reflect the views and policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This document has been reviewed in accordance with EPA’s peer and administrative review policies and approved for publication. -
Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Rapid Development of Soil Biota on Fresh Volcanic Ash Hokyung Song1, Dorsaf Kerfahi2, Koichi Takahashi3, Sophie L
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Metagenomic analysis reveals rapid development of soil biota on fresh volcanic ash Hokyung Song1, Dorsaf Kerfahi2, Koichi Takahashi3, Sophie L. Nixon1, Binu M. Tripathi4, Hyoki Kim5, Ryunosuke Tateno6* & Jonathan Adams7* Little is known of the earliest stages of soil biota development of volcanic ash, and how rapidly it can proceed. We investigated the potential for soil biota development during the frst 3 years, using outdoor mesocosms of sterile, freshly fallen volcanic ash from the Sakurajima volcano, Japan. Mesocosms were positioned in a range of climates across Japan and compared over 3 years, against the developed soils of surrounding natural ecosystems. DNA was extracted from mesocosms and community composition assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequences. Metagenome sequences were obtained using shotgun metagenome sequencing. While at 12 months there was insufcient DNA for sequencing, by 24 months and 36 months, the ash-soil metagenomes already showed a similar diversity of functional genes to the developed soils, with a similar range of functions. In a surprising contrast with our hypotheses, we found that the developing ash-soil community already showed a similar gene function diversity, phylum diversity and overall relative abundances of kingdoms of life when compared to developed forest soils. The ash mesocosms also did not show any increased relative abundance of genes associated with autotrophy (rbc, coxL), nor increased relative abundance of genes that are associated with acquisition of nutrients from abiotic sources (nifH). Although gene identities and taxonomic afnities in the developing ash-soils are to some extent distinct from the natural vegetation soils, it is surprising that so many of the key components of a soil community develop already by the 24-month stage. -
University of Southampton Research Repository Eprints Soton
University of Southampton Research Repository ePrints Soton Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", University of Southampton, name of the University School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination http://eprints.soton.ac.uk UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON FACULTY OF ENGINEERING , SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS School of Ocean and Earth Science The role of microbial populations in the cycling of iron and manganese from marine aggregates by Sergio Balzano Thesis for the degree of Doctor of Phylosophy June 2009 BIOTRACS Bio-transformations of trace elements in aquatic systems THIS THESIS WAS COMPLETED USING FRAMEWORK 6 FUNDING FROM THE EUROPEAN UNION. RESEARCH DG HUMAN RESOURCES AND MOBILITY PROJECT NO: 514262 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON ABSTRACT FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS SCHOOL OF OCEAN AND EARTH SCIENCES Doctor of philosophy THE ROLE OF MICROBIAL PROCESSES IN MARINE AGGREGATES ON THE CYCLING OF IRON AND MANGANESE By Sergio Balzano Marine aggregates play an important role in the cycling of carbon, nutrients and trace metals. -
Plan Amendment Final EIS Summary Booklet
Summary United States Department of Agriculture Tongass Land and Resource Management Plan Final Environmental Impact Statement Plan Amendment SUMMARY Forest Service Final EISAlaska Region Tongass National Forest R10-MB-769k December 12016 Summary Tongass National Forest Welcome This Summary accompanies a Final Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) and Land and Resource Management Plan (Forest Plan), which have been prepared to document the analysis of alternatives for the 2016 Tongass Forest Plan Amendment. A Final Record of Decision (ROD) and Final EIS errata are also included. Most planning participants will be receiving an electronic version of these documents on a CD. The CD contains a cover letter, ROD, Final EIS (two volumes), Final EIS errata, Forest Plan, and supporting maps. Please note that some map corrections were made in December 2016. The Final EIS is available as a complete bookmarked version in one ¿OHDVZHOODVVSOLWLQWRIRXUSDUWVLQVPDOOHU¿OHVIRUHDVLHURSHQLQJ We recommend you start your review by reading the cover letter. To view additional information and documents related to the Forest Plan Amendment, please visit the Tongass National Forest Plan Amendment Web site at: http://www.fs.usda.gov/goto/R10/Tongass/ PlanAmend. The Web site includes a variety of products developed in support of this project and provides convenient access to other associated Web sites. The ROD documents the rationale for approving the Forest Plan $PHQGPHQWDQGLVFRQVLVWHQWZLWKWKH5HYLHZLQJ2I¿FHU¶VUHVSRQVH to objections and instructions. The effective date of the Forest Plan Amendment is 30 days after publication of notice of Forest Plan Amendment approval in the newspaper of record, the Ketchikan Daily News. A supplemental notice will be published in the Juneau Empire. -
Stichting Onderzoek Wereldvoedselvoorziening Van De Vrije Universiteit
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by DSpace at VU Stichting Onderzoek Wereldvoedselvoorziening van de Vrije Universiteit Centre for World Food Studies CLIMATE CHANGE AND GLOBAL AGRICULTURAL POTENTIAL A case study of Nigeria by R.L. Voortman, B.G.J.S. Sonneveld and J.W.A Langeveld (SOW-VU) G. Fischer and H.T. van Velthuizen (IIASA) Staff Working Paper WP - 99 – 06 DecemberDecember 19991999 DISCLAIMER Any part of the herein presented AEZ model and model parameters, as well as the climate change scenarios used, may be modified or replaced in the light of improved knowledge and/or changed objectives. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this document do not imply the expression whatsoever on the part of SOW-VU, IIASA or FAO concerning the legal or constitutional status of any sea area or concerning the delineation of frontiers. iii Contents Abstract v Section 1 Introduction 1 1.1. Background 1 1.2 Project organization 2 1.3 Structure of the report 2 Section 2 Global change effects and global change scenario’s for Nigeria 3 2.1 Global change effects on the environment and agriculture 3 2.2 Implications for the Nigeria case study 4 2.3 Global change scenario’s for Nigeria 5 2.4 GCM-derived data and their spatial representation 6 Section 3 Agro-Ecological Zones methodology for global change impact assessment: the case of Nigeria 9 3.1 Basic principles and approach 9 3.2 Land utilization types and crops 13 3.3 Observed baseline climate data 16 3.4 Agro-climatic -
Aquatic Microbial Ecology 55:1
Vol. 55: 1–16, 2009 AQUATIC MICROBIAL ECOLOGY Printed April 2009 doi: 10.3354/ame01277 Aquat Microb Ecol Published online March 18, 2009 OPENPEN ACCESSCCESS FEATURE ARTICLE Vertical diversity of bacteria in an oxygen-stratified humic lake, evaluated using DNA and phospholipid analyses Sami Taipale1, 2, Roger I. Jones2, Marja Tiirola2,* 1University of Washington, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Box 352700, 201 More Hall, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA 2Department of Biological and Environmental Science, PO Box 35, 40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland ABSTRACT: Microbes play a particularly important role in the food web in lakes with high dissolved organic carbon content. The bacterial community of a polyhumic lake, Mekkojärvi, was studied using DNA techniques and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis during the mid-summer period of water column strati- fication. According to the 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and length heterogeneity analysis (LH-PCR), heterotrophic bacteria dominated only in the oxic epilimnion, in which various Actinobacteria (mostly cluster acI-B) and Betaproteobacteria (especially Poly- nucleobacter subcluster PnecC) were common. Se- quences assigned to heterotrophic, methylotrophic, photoautotrophic, and chemoautotrophic genera were all abundant in the oxic-anoxic boundary layer. Methylobacter and Methylophilus were dominant Mekkojärvi, in southern Finland, is one of countless small, genera among methylotrophic bacteria. Sequences humic lakes around the boreal zone; inset: sampling the brown water rich in DOC. assigned to the photoautotrophic green sulfur bac- Photos: Sami Taipale terium Chlorobium sp. dominated in the anoxic water column, in which the microbial PLFA biomass was 6 times higher than in the oxic surface layer. All PLFA- profiles were dominated by 16 monounsaturated fatty INTRODUCTION acids typical of Gram-negative bacteria, whereas iso- and anteiso-branched PLFAs typical of Actinobacteria Microbial foodwebs of humic (dystrophic) lakes were present only in minor proportions.