EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF AQUATIC RESEARCH ISSN: 1687-4285 VOL. 33 NO. 2,2007:' 185-201
SOME POLYCHAETE SPECIES FROM THE SOFT BOTTOM OF THE EASTERN HARBOUR OF ALEXANDRIA, EGYPT, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ORBINIIDS AND PARAONIDS HABITATS
F a iz a A. A b d -E lnaby
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt.
Key words: Polychaeta, Orbiniidae, Paraonidae, Hesionidae, Saccocirridae.
ABSTRACT
In the present study six polychaete species were reported, five of them are considered as new records to the Mediterranean marine waters of the Egyptian Coasts. They were collected from the soft bottom in the Eastern Harbour of Alexandria. They had not been previously recorded in the Egyptian Mediterranean Coastal waters. These species are: Scoloplos (Leodamas) rubra , Scoloplos (Leodamas) dendrobranchus, Paradoneis lyra, Ophiodromus pallidus and Saccocirrus papillocercus. While Scolaricia typica was previously reported by Fauvel (1937) in Alexandria. The recorded, species are belonging to four families: Orbiniidae, Paraonidae, Hesionidae and Saccocirridae.The families Paraonidae and Saccocirridae and the genera:Scoloplos , Saccocirrus and Paradoneis are recoded for the first time in the Eygptian Mediterranean waters. The relation between the surrounding habitat, pointed prostomium and sac-like or dentritic branching eversible pharynx and burrowing activity of the recorded Orbiniidae and Paraonidae species, was discussed.
1. INTRODUCTION on Foraminifera, diatoms (Fauchald and Jumars, 1979). Polychaete worms represent an important Hesionids are active, non-tubicolous group in soft bottom communities and their worms common in shallow water and on hard spatial structure is always closely related to substrata (Fauchald, 1977), as well as in soft grain size and other factors such as organic sediments and deep water. The larger content ( Brasil and Da Silva, 2000). hesionids are carnivorous, feeding on The organisms show a large variety of polychaetes and other small invertebrates; feeding types and strategies, at many levels some may be surface deposit-feeders, of the marine food web (Fauchald and ingesting detritus (Day, 1967). The interstitial Jumars, 1979). species feed on diatoms, bacteria-rich Orbiniids and Paraonids are intermediate detritus, copepods and foraminiferans. between the errantiate and sedentariate Saccocirrids are small annelids, live in groups of. polychaetes, they do not make marine sediments at the bottom of the permanent tubes, but rather are active intertidal zone (Brown, 1981). Feed on burrowers in sand to sandy mud substrata. bacteria, diatoms and algae from shell gravel. Most authors consider the orbiniids to be The polychaete fauna of Alexandria non- selective deposit feeders which ingest especially in the Eastern Harbour is well particulate organic matter, as well as sand known. The most extensive papers were by (Uebelacker and Johnson, 1984). Also Fauvel (1937), Selim (1978 and 1997), Selim Paraonids are found in many habitats feeding SOME POLYCHAETE SPECIES FROM THE SOFT BOTTOM OF THE EASTERN HARBOUR OF ALEXANDRIA, EGYPT, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ORBINIIDS AND PARAONIDS HABITATS
et aí. (2006a and 2006b) and Abd-Elnaby Sediment samples were collected from (1999 and 2005). seven stations (Fig. 1) using a grab sampler This study has been mainly focused on (20x20 cm). Two samples were taken at each the description of new recorded polychaete station. The depths of the E. H. are ranged species sampled from bottom sediments of from 3 to 11 meters; bottom differs between the Eastern Harbour of Alexandria. The coarse, medium, fine sand, muddy-sand relation between the surrounding habitat, mixed with stones, dead shells of molluscs such as pointed prostomum and,sac-like or and broken tube worms. dentritic branching eversible pharynx and The sediment was screened through 0.5 burrowing activity of the recorded Orbiniidae mm sieve and fixed in 10% formalin solution, and Paraonidae species, were discussed. All and then the organisms were washed, sorted the recorded species are fully described and and preserved in 70% ethyl alcohol. The illustrated. This paper may be considered a specimens were examined using stereo and step to add new record species to the list of compound microscopes. Drawings were Egyptian polychaetes. made by using camera lucida and photos were taken by scientific digital camera 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS attached to the compound microscope. For taxonomic identification of species, the Sampling of polychaete fauna from following references were consulted: Fauvel, bottom sediments were carried out during 1923 and 1927; Hartman, 1957; Day, 1967; three seasons (autumn, 2006 to spring, 2007) Fauchald, 1977 and Uebelacker and Johnson, at low tide, from the Eastern Harbour of 1984. Alexandria (E.H.).
2 9 ° 53"
VIJ
250 m.
Figi (1): Eastern Harbour of Alexandria. Position of sampling sites
186 Faiza A. A bd -Elnaby
3. RESULTS simple, small, Ungulate throughout and conspicuously fimbriated (Fig. 2-a) The harvest of the present collection Thoracic region consisting of 22-23 yielded six polychaete species, five of them setigers. Thoracic notopodia as small conical are considered as new records to the ridge with finely crenulate capillaries (Fig. 2- Mediterranean marine waters of Egypt e). Thoracic neuropodia consisting of a fleshy Coasts. The new recorded species are: postsetal ridge, often bearing a single papilla Scoloplos (.Leodamas) rubra, Scoloplos on last few segments (Fig. 2- b, pi. 1-2). They (Leodamas) dendrobranchus, Paradoneis have crenulate setae beside three to four lyra, Ophiodromus pallidus and Saccocirrus transverse rows of uncini, most of which are papillocercus. The sixth one Scolaricia distally curved and have transverse rows of typica was previously reported by Fauvel ridges (Fig. 2-f). Transition from thorax to (1937) in Egypt at Alexandria region. They abdomen is at segment 23-24 and more or are belonging to four families: Orbiniidae, less abrupt. Paraonidae, Hesionidae and Saccocirridae. Abdominal parapodia have a long The Families Paraonidae and Saccocirridae tapering notopodial postsetal lobe and a and the genera: Scoloplos, Scolaricia, similar, though smaller, neuropodial unequal Saccocirrus and Paradoneis are recoded for postsetal lobe (Fig. 2-c). Abdominal the first time in the Eygptian waters. The notopodia have crenulate setae beside two following is a synopsis of the species furcate setae (Fig.2-d), neuropodia with lips recorded including notes on the description have one or two projecting, yellow distally and ecology of each species. hooked acicula (Fig. 2-g, pi. 1-3 ). Body Family Orbiniidae Hartman, 1942 ending with four cirri. Genus Scoloplos (Leodamas) kinberg, 1866 Remarks: The described specimens are 1- Scoloplos (Leodamas) rubra (Webster, closely related to Hartman's specimens 1879) (1957) and Taylor's (1966), but differ in the (Fig.2 a- g; PL1, 1-3) number of thoracic segments 24-25 and 23- Scoloplos rubra Uebelacker and Johnson, 28 respectively, while the present specimens 1984: p. 1-29, figs. 1-27,28 a-f have 22-23 segments. This may be due to the Scoloplos (Leodamas) rubra Hartman, length of the worm. 1957: p. 291, plate 32, figs. 1-6; Leo'n- Habitat: Scoloplos (Leodamas) rubra Gonzalez and Rodriguez, 1996: p. 137. was collected from sandy- mud bottom with Description: Two complete specimens broken shells of molluscs (site VI). are measured up to 18 mm with 45-48 Distribution: Eastern and southern shores segments. Prostomum acutely pointed, and of united states (Hartman, 1957); longer than wide, eyes absent. First segment Mediterranean Sea (Daniel and Simon, achaetous and apodous (Fig. 2-a, pi. 1-1). 1976); Western coast of Baja California Branchiae first present from the sixth and peninsula, Mexico (Leo"n- Conzalez and continue on all other segments. They are Rodriguez, 1996). SOME POLYCHAETE SPECIES FROM THE SOFT BOTTOM OF THE EASTERN HARBOUR OF ALEXANDRIA, EGYPT, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ORBINIIDS AND PARAONIDS HABITATS
a
0,01mm
0.1mm
0.01mm
0,01mm c
Fig.(2): Scoloplos (Leodamas) rubra: a, anterior end; b, anterior parapodium; c, posterior parapodium; d, furcate seta; e, crenulate capillaries; f, thoracic neuropodial uncini; g, acicula. F a iz a A . A b d -E l n a b y
2- Scoloplos (Leodamas) dendrobranchus Habitat: Scoloplos {Leodamas) Hartman, 1957 dendrobranchus was found in sandy-mud (Fig.3 a-g; Pl.l, 4) bottom mixed with empty shells and broken Scoloplos (Scoloplos) cylindrifer Ehlers, tube worms (site III). 1904 Distribution: New Zealand, Chatham Scoloplos {Leodamas) dendrobranchus Islands (Day, 1977); Australia (Hartman, Hartman, 1957: 291, Figs. 1-3, plate 33. 1957; Hatchings and Murray, 1984). Description: One specimen, body long 38 Genus Scolaricia Eisig, 1914 mm, with about 210 segments, broad, greatly 3- Scolaricia typica Eisig, 1914 depressed thorax. Prostomium acutely (Fig.3 h-k; PI. i;5) pointed and narrow cylindrical abdomen, no Scolaricia typica Fauvel, 1927: 19-20, visible eyes. First segment simple, smooth Fig. 6, a-i; 1937: p. 5; Hartman, 1957: 259. ring. Thorax with 18 segments (pi. 1-4). Description: This genus differs from Parapodia of the first 12 segments are lateral Scoloplos in that abdominal neuropodia have (Figs. 3- a,b,c), thereafter they shift upward modified setae called flails (Soies en fle'au and become dorsal in abdomen. Branchiae Fauvel, 1927), in addition to typical pointed are first present on the eighteenth setigerous setae. segment, firstly slender, digitate simple lobes, Five specimens were collected, body long located at the dorsal base of the notopodium. up to 325 mm, 68-102 segments. Prostomium They are visibly fimbriated at their lateral conical pointed, without eyes, first segment margins. In the posterior part of the body the achaetous and apodous. Branchia first present branchiae rapidly divide dichotomously, they on the eighteenth segment and continue. are branched into 6 terminal filaments; Thoracic region consisting of 18-21 together they form a dense mass over the setigers, thoracic notopodia with capillary dorsum of the body (Fig. 3-d). setae (crenulate setae) (pi. 1-5), thoracic Thoracic notopodium long, triangular; in neuropodia with 4-5 rows of uncini (Fig. 3- i, middle thoracic segments they are foliaceous k). Abdominal notopodia have crenulate with 12 pointed setae, neuropodia have short setae, one or two of them curved slightly near postsetal lobe, the neuropodial setae are their tips forming (Flails setae) (Fig. 3- h, k), shorter, in addition there are 12-14 uncini, beside furcate seta (Fig. 3- j), abdominal distally blunt, slightly curved and have no neuropodia with crenulate setae and a single hood, at their outer curved region (Fig, 3-e). of projecting yellow distally hooked acicula, Abdominal parapodia have longer in some segments it sharply curved near its postsetal lobes, than those in front, they are distal end. provided with long pointed setae, embedded Remarks: This description agrees with acicula and furcate setae are present that reported by Fauvel (1927) but differs in posteriorly (Fig. 3- g). Neuropodia have the number of thoracic segments (19-20). seiender facicles of long pointed setae (Fig. Habitat: This species was also found in 3- f), supported by a single projecting yellow sandy mud soft bottom substratum (site V, acicula, sharply curved near its distal end. IV, and VI). Remarks: The present specimen agrees Distribution: Western and Southern with the specimens described by Hartman Europe and Northern Africa (Hartman, (1957), who reported 15-18 thoracic 1957); Tyrrhenian Sea (Italy) (Gambi, et a i, segments, furcated setae are absent and 1998), Greece (Simboura and Zenetos, 2002). branchiae with 2-6 terminal filaments. SOME POLYCHAETE SPECIES FROM THE SOFT BOTTOM OF THE EASTERN HARBOUR OF ALEXANDRIA EGYPT, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ORBINIIDS AND PARAONIDS HABITATS
\V.
0.01 mm 0.01 mm
0.01 mm
0,01mm
i------—.— 0.01 mm
Fig. (3): Scoloplos {Leodamas) dendrobranchus: a, b, c, thoracic parapodia; d, far posterior parapodium; c, uncinus; f, capillary seta; g, furcate seta. Scolaricia typica : h, parapodium; L uncini; j, furcated seta; k, capillary setae. Fa iz á A. A b d -E ln a by SOME POLYCHAETE SPECIES FROM THE SOFT BOTTOM OF THE EASTERN HARBOUR OF ALEXANDRIA, EGYPT, WITH'SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ORBINIIDS AND PARAONIDS HABITATS
Family Paraonidae Cerruti, 1909 5- Ophiodromus pallidus (Clapare’de, 1864 ) Genus Paraonides Cerruti, 1909, (Fig. 5 a-d; PI. 2,8-9) (.Paradoneis Southern, 1914) Podarke pallida Fauvel , 1923 : 244 ~ 4- Paradoneis lyra (Southern, 1914) 245 fig. 91 a-d (Fig. 4 a-f; PL2, 6-7) Ophiodromus pallidus Simboura ' and Paraonis (Paraonides) lyra Fauvel, Nicolaidou, 2001 : p. 91. 1927: 72-73, figs. 24 a-f and Hartman, 1957: Description: Five specimens were 334. collected from two sites (I and VII) in . Paraonides lyra lyra Day, 1967: 568, autumn and winter, three of them incomplete. figs. 24.4 c-g Body small about 4-6 mm long, 38-43 Paradoneis lyra Dauvin and Cabioch, segments. Prostomum rectangular with two 1988: 215- 219; Simboura and Nicolaidou, pairs of eyes. Antennae clavate. Median 2001: 91 and Quijon and Snelgrove, antenna much smaller than lateral antennae. 2005:125-136. Two long palps, proboscis muscular and Description: Nine specimens were eversible, without jaws extending from collected from two sites (VI and IV) during setigers five to seven, but with fine numerous the three seasons. Body thread- like, length of marginal papillae. Six paires of subulate 12-24 rara, 45-53 segments. Prostomium tentacular cirri (Fig.5-a, pi. 2- 8&9). Colour broadly triangular, without antenna or eyes. greenish to brown. Branchiae first present from the fourth Parapodia subbiramous, notopodia small, setigerous segment, 8 pairs each ■ digitiform neuropodia well-developed, with conical lobe (Fig. 4-a). Thoracic notopodial lobes presetal lobes (Fig. 5-b). Dorsal cirri minute anteriorly then become about a third cirriform longer than body width, as long as its accompanying branchia but pseudoarticulate (Figs. 5-a&b). Ventral cirri slenderer posteriorly (Fig. 4-c,d). short clavate tapered. Notopodia include Both rami of all parapodia contain fin compound setae as well as furcate setae (Fig. capillary setae (Fig..4-f), except on posterior 5-d). Neurosetae with long shaft, blades long notopodia- from the last few branchiferous to short, minutely serrated (Fig. 5-c, pi. 2-10). segments onward contain one or two lyre Remarks: The present specimens agree setae and accompanied by capillary setae with that described by Fauvel (1923). (Fig. 4-e, pi. 2-6). The posterior end Habitat: This species was found in sandy terminates in a pygidium with three cirriform bottom (site I and VII). processes (Fig. 4-b, pl.2-7). Distribution: France, Italy, Greece Remarks: The individuals from the (Fauvel, 1923; Simboura and Nicolaidou, Eastern Harbour of Alexandria, agree with 2001 and Simboura and Zenetos, 2002 those described by Hartman (1957), from San respectively). Pedro Basin, California and those described Family Saccocirridae (Zerniavsky,l 881) by Day (1967), from South Africa. Genus Saccocirrus Bobretzky, 1872 Habitat: Paradoneis lyra was found in 6- Saccocirrus papillocercus Bobretzky, two sandy mud sites VI and IV. 1872 Distribution: (Fig. 5 d-f; pi. 2,11) France (Fauvel, 1927; Dauvin and Saccocirrus papillocercus Fauvel, 1927: Cabioch, '1988); California (Hartman, 1957); 430-431, figs. 145, a-g and Fauchald, 1977: South Africa (Day, 1967); Greece (Simboura 155. and Nicolaidou, 2001) and North Atlantic Description: Three specimens were (Quijon and Snelgrove, 2005). collected. The worm is white in colour, small Family Hesionidae Sars, 1862. 3-5 mm. 70 - 85 setigers, prostomium Genus Ophiodromus Sars 1862 (Podarke rounded, with two eyes, two long tentacles, Ehler, 1864). extending to setiger six, well developed F a iz a A . a b d -E i.n a b y
nuchal organs consisting of ciliated cells. strongly recurved dorsally, with 5 big Parapodia cylindrical, small, uniramous, with papillae present in the ventral side (Fig. 5-e, simple, chisel shaped setae. Seven to ten pi. 2-11). posterior segments without parapodia (pi. 2- Remarks: This description agrees with 11). Fauvel's specimens (1927). Setae in bundle in each group, one Habitat: Saccocirrus papillocercus was unequally bifid setae, longer arm angled at collected from sandy bottom (site VII). base, shorter arm curving away from setal Distribution: France (Fauvel, 1927); Na axis beside 5-6 short and long tridentate bifid Trang, Vietnam (Daydoff, 1952) and setae (Fig. 5-f ) Pygidium with two lobes California, USA (Hartman, 1955).
w
!V!h
jé?
i— b 0 . I l l i u m ,;/V- . ^
-a H. * /V///• • \ ■ ■\J s* f K ¿ %J \ Î Si
(I.hillii 0.(11 mm /!
‘ / ;
U"'"...... — -i
(UII mm
Fig*(4): Parudomùs lyra: a, anterior end: h, pyxidium; c. anterior parapodium: d, parapodium with branchia; e, notopodia! lyra seta: I', notopodiai capillnics seta.
193 SOME POLYCHAETE SPECIES FROM THE SOFT BOTTOM OF THE EASTERN HARBOUR OF ALEXANDRIA EGYPT. WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ORBINIIDS AND PARAONIDS HABITATS
U, ] lini) \
ft.OI mm
0.01 nun
Fig,(5): Ophiodromus pallidus'. a, anterior end; h, parapodium; e, neurosetac ; d, furcated setae. Saccocirrus papillocercus: e : posterior end; f; setae. F a iza A. A bd -E ln a by SOME POLYCHAETE SPECIES FROM THE SOFT BOTTOM OF THE EASTERN HARBOUR OF ALEXANDRIA, EGYPT, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ORBINIIDS AND PARAONIDS HABITATS
4. DISCUSSION word slip during parapodial locomotion. This behavior and this habitat are well represented During this study on the bottom sediment in Scoloplos {Leodamas) rubra , Scoloplos in the Eastern Harbour of Alexandria, six {Leodamas) dendrobranchus, Scolaricia polychaete species were recorded, belonging typica and Paradoneis lyra where they were tô 5 genera and 4 families namely; Scoloplos collected in the present study from sandy- {Leodamas) rubra, Scoloplos {Leodamas) mud bottom. dendrobranchus, Scolaricia typica,Gills used in respiration and in the case of Paradoneis lyra, Ophiodromus pallidus and low oxygen, they are increased in number. Saccocirrus papillocercus. Hourdez and Jouin-Toulmond (1998) and The habitat of Orbiniidae and Paraonidae Hourdez et al. (2002) mentioned that species in, relation with their pointed Orbiniidae polychaetes adapted themselves to prostomium and their sac-like or dentritic low oxygen environment, by increasing the branching eversible pharynx present in many number of branchiae in muddy bottom. species could probably help in the burrowing Westheide (1982) mentioned that larger activity. Hesionids are carnivorous, feeding on Fauchald: and Jumars (1979) and Leon- polychaetes and other small invertebrates. Conzalez and Rodrigues (1996), confirmed Some species may be surface deposit-feeders, that Orbiniids are burrowing freely through ingesting detritus (Day, 1967). The interstitial sediment using their pointed prostomium and species feed on diatoms, bacteria-rich their eversible pharynx supported by detritus, copepods and foraminiferans using crenulate and furcate setae as well as for their papillated eversible muscular pharynx as feeding, also Hartman (1959), mentioned in Ophiodromus pallidus. Also this agrees that, in burrowing forms the proboscis is with that mentioned by Lardicci et al. (1993) strong eversible so as to help the worm and Dewarumez et al. (1992) about burrow in mud or sand. Ophiodromus pallidus which are found in Orbiniids are non-selective deposit- sediments among algal fronts, saprobic feeders, common in sandy-mud bottom and indicating organic enrichment, common in are found from salt marshes to abyssal coastal'.Lagoons and sheltered environments depths. such as caves and harbours. While Paraonids use their posterior end The role of setae in the movement of buried in a cork-screw fashion in the Hesionidae is very important. Merz and sediment, projecting the anterior end up into Edwards (1998) assessed the role of setal water searching in the surf zone plant debris structures in the Hesionid polychaete, and dead animals (Fauchald and Jumars, Ophiodromus, by examining speed and step 1979). Day (1967) mentioned that Paraonids length in worms with and without setae, they are non-selective, burrowing deposite-feeder found that no change in speed of animal with pr surface feeder and their structures are setae but with removed setae, both changed suitable for feeding and burrowing pattern, as gaits at slower speed and showed a a series of horizontal spiraling patterns significant decrease in maximum swimming connected from one level to another in speeds and stride distance. This indicates that sediment by short, oblique or vertical setae may be important both in allowing a burrows. Dorgan et a l (2005 and 2006) worm to better control setal contact and added that the whole body work as one or traction with the sand substrata as well as in more hydrostatic skeletons used for altering the effectiveness of its swimming locomotion in worms burrowing in muddy stroke. These results can also be applied on sediments also setae used to prevent back
196 F aiza a . abd -Elnaby
Ophiodromus pallidus which appears to Brown, R.: 1981, Saccocirridae (Annelida: prefer sand habitats. Archiannelida) from the central coast of On the other hand, Saccocirrus New Water. Res., 32,439-456. papillocercus were captured also from sandy Daniel, M. D. and Simon, J. L.: 1976, bottom. Brown (1981) found that Repopulation of the polychaete of an Saccocirridae inhabits coarse-grained intertidal habitat following natural substrata in the Intertidal zones. They feed on defaunation: species equilibrium. diatoms, copepods and detritus by using their Oecologia. 22 (2): 99-117. muscular pad of proboscis and attach Dauvin, J. G. and L. Cabioch: 1988, New themselves to the sand grains by using species for the list of marine fauna from glutinous secretions from the anal lobes, body Roscoff: Amphipod {Siphonoecetes wall and tentacles have cilia of ventral tract striatus) and polychaete Paraonidae, and which set up a water current, drawing spatial distribution of Echinocardium bacteria, diatoms and algae from shell gravel pennatifidum: Cahiers de biologie into the mouth. Therefore, there is a great marine. Paris; 29 (2): 215-219. correlation between the structure and the Day, J. H.: 1967, A monograph on the mode of feeding, type of food, movement and Polychaeta of southern Africa. Pt. 1. others. Errantia. Pt. II. Sedentaria. Brit. Mus. The geographic distribution of five new Natur. Hist. Puble 656: 38 and 878 pp. taxa recorded indicated that Scoloplos Day, J. H.: 1977, A review of the Australian CLeodamas) rubra, Paradoneis lyra, and New Zealand Orbiniidae (Annelida: Ophiodromus pallidus and Saccocirrus Polychaeta).pp. 217-246 in Reish, D. J. papillocercus were previously reported from and Fauchald, K. (eds) Essay on the Mediterranean Sea, except Scoloplos polychaetous Annelids in Memory of Dr. (Leodamas) dendrobranchus which appeared Olga Hartman, Los Angeles: Allan for the first time in the Mediterranean Sea. It Hancock press 604 pp. is of indo-pacific origin and migrated through Daydoff,C. N.: 1952, Archiannelides des Suez Canal.While Scolaricia typica was mers indochinoises. C.R.Acad. Sei. 235, previously reported by Fauvel (1937) in 5-7. Alexandria. Dewarumez, J. M.; D. Davouit; R. Glacon: 1992, Novelles signalistions d'especes REFERENCES macrobenthiques sur les cotes Françaises de La Manche orientale et de la Mer du Abd- Elnaby, F. A.: 1999, Composition and Nord. 1. Annelides, Cali. Biol. Mar., 33: distribution of some bottom fauna 83-93. associations along the Alexandria Coast, Dorgan, K. M. ; P. A. Jumars; B. D. Johnson Mediterranean Sea. M.Sc. Thesis, Faculty and B. B. Boudreau: 2005, Burrow of Science, Alex. Univ. 272pp. elongation by crack propagation. Nature, Abd- Elnaby, F. A.: 2005, Systematic and 433-475. environmental studies on polychaetes Dorgan, K. M.; P. A. Jumars; B. D. Johnson from Alexandria marine waters. Ph. D. and B. B. Boudreau: 2006, Macrofaunal Thesis. Fac. Sc. Suez Canal univ. 330 pp. burrowing: The medium is the message. Brasil, A. and S. H. G. Da Silva: 2000, Oceanogr, Mar. Biol. Ann. (draft):Rev. 1- Spatial distribution of polychaeta in a 35. soft-bottom comunity at Saco Doceu, Fauchald, K.: 1977, The polychaete worms, Ithia grounde, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Definitions and keys to orders, families B ull Mar. Sei. 67(1): 103-112. and genera. Los Angeles country Mus. Natur. Hist., Science series 28:1-190. SOME POLYCHAETE SPECIES FROM THE SOFT BOTTOM OF THE EASTERN HARBOUR OF ALEXANDRIA, EGYPT, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ORBINIIDS AND PARAONIDS HABITATS
Fauchald, K. and P. A. Jumars: 1979, The relationships. J. ofExper. Biol. 205, 1669- diet of worms: A study of polychaete 1681. feeding guild. Oceonogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Lardicci, C.; Abbiati, M. ; Crema, R. ; Morri, Rev. 17:193-284. C.; Bianchi, C. N. and Castelli, A.: 1993, Fauvel, P.: 1923, Polychaetes Errantes. The distribution of polychaetes along Faune de France, Paries.5\ 1-488, 2011 environmental gradients: an example from dessins en 181 figures. Orbetelio Lagoon, Italy. P. S. Z. N. I. : Fauvel, P.: 1927, Polychaetes sédentaires. Mar. Ecol. 14(1) 35-52. Faune de France 16: 494pp. Leo'n- conza'lez, J. A. and Rodriguez, J. A.: Fauvel, P.: 1937, Les fonds de peche pres 1996, Orbiniidae (Polychaeta) from soft d’Alexandrie, XI. Annelides polychetes. bottom of the western coast of Baja Notes Mem. Fish. Res. Dir., Cairo. 19: 1- California Peninsula, Mexico.Bull. Mar. 60. Science. 59 (1): 169-174. Gambi, M. C.; Gabriella, C. and Bremec,C. Merz, R. A. and Edwards, D. R.: 1998, S.: 1998, Polychaete distribution, Jointed setae, their role in locomotion and diversity and seasonality related to gait transitions in polychaete worms. J. of seagrass cover in shallow soft bottoms of Exper. Mar, Bio. and Ecol.] 22 ( 2): pp. the Tyrrhenian Sea (Italy). Sei. Mar., 62 273-290. (1-2): 1-17. Quijon, P. A. and Snelgrve, P. V. R.: 2005, Hartman, 0.: 1955, Quantitative survey of Predation regulation of sedimentary benthos off- San Pedro Basin. Allan faunal structure: Potential effects of a Hancock Pacific Expedition, Vol. 19, fishery induced switch in predators in a pp.1-183. New found land Sub-Arctic of Hartman, O.: 1957, Orbiniidae, lord;Oecologia, 144 (1): 125-136. Apistobranchidae, ' Paraonidae and Selim, S. A. H.: 1978, Systematic and longsomidae. Allan Hancock Pac. Exped. distributional studies of polychaetes in the 15(3): 211-393. Eastern Harbour, Alexandria. M. Sc. Hartman, O.: 1959, Catalogue of the Thesis, Faculty of Science, Alexandria polychaetous Annelids of the world,Allan University, Egypt, 402pp. Hancock Foundation publication Selim, S. A. H.: 1997, Description and Occasional Paper, 23:1-628. remarks on Suez Canal serpulids Hatchings, P. A. and A. Murray: 1984, (Polychaeta) J. Egypt, Ger. Soc. Zool. Taxonomy of polychaetes from the Vol. 22 (D), Invertebrate Zoology and Hawkesbury River and the south Wales, Parasitology: 87-110. Australia. Records of Australian Museum, Selim, S. A.; Abd-Elnaby, F. A.; Gab-Alla, Supplement 3:1-118. A. A. FA.; Ghobashy, A.: 2006 a, New Hourdez, S. and Jouin- Toulmond, C.: 1998, records of Errant polychaetes from coastal Functional anatomy of respiratory system waters of Alexandria, Egypt. Egypt. J. of of Branchipolynoe species (Polychaeta, Aqua. Res. Vol. 32, special Issue,: 210- Polynoidae), commensal with 227. Bathymodiolus species (Bivalvia Selim, S. A. ; Abd-Elnaby, F. A.; Gab-Alla, Mytilidae) from deep sea hydrothermal A. A. FA; Ghobashy, A.: 2006 b, New vents. Zoomorphology] 118, 225-233. records of sedentary polychaetes from Hourdez, S.; Roy, E. W.; Brian, N. G.; John, coastal waters of Alexandria, Egypt. M. K. and Charles, R. F.: 2002, Egypt. J. of Aqua. Res. Vol. 32, special Respiratory adaptations in a deep-sea Issue: 228-241. Orbiniid polychaete from Gulf of Mexico Simboura, N. and A. Nicolaidou: 2001, The brine pool NR.l: metabolic rates and polychaetes (Annelidae, Polychaeta) of hemoglobin structure function ' Greece: checklist, Distribution and
198 F a iz a A. A b d -E l n a b y
ecological characteristics, Mongraphs onUebelacker , J. M. and P.G. Johnson: 1984, marine sciences. No 4, 19pp. Taxonomic Guide to the polychaetes of Simboura, N. and Zenetos, A.: 2002, Benthic the Northern Gulf of Mexico. Vol. I indicators to use in Ecological Quality prepared under MmMS contract 14-12- classification of Mediterranean soft 001-29091 for Minerals Management bottom marine ecosystems, including a service U. S. Department of the interior, new biotic index, Med. Mar. Sea, Vol. chapter 1, 2:l-land 2-1. 3/2,77-111. Westheide, W.: 1982, Ikosipodus carolensis Taylor, J. L.: 1966, A Pacific polychaete in gen. and sp. n., an interstitial neotenic southeastern United States. Quart. J. polychaete from North Carolina, U. S. A., Florida Acad. Sei. 29(1): 21-26. and its phylogenetic relationships within Dorvilleidae. Zool. Ser. 11(2): 117-126. SOME POLYCHAETE SPECIES FROM THE SOFT BOTTOM OF THE EASTERN HARBOUR OF ALEXANDRIA EGYPT, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ORBINIIDS AND PARAONIDS HABITATS
Plate (1)
Scoloplos (Leodamas) rubra 1-Anterior end. 10x10
2-Anterior parapodium. 10x10
3- Acicula. 10x40
Scoloplos (Leodamas) dendrobranchus
4- Anterior end. 10x10
Scolaricia typical
5- Capillary setae (flails setae). 10x40
Plate (2)
Paradoneis lyra
6 -Lyre seta. 10x40
7- The end of the body. 10x10
Ophiodromus pallidus
8- Anterior end dorsal view. lOx 10
9- Anterior end ventral view with eversible proboscis. 10x10
10-Setae. 10x40
Saccocirrus papillocercus
11- The end of the body. 10x10
200 EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF AQUATIC RESEARCH ISSN: 16874285- VOL. 33 NO. 2, 2007 *
0U 4JI (jk Jâ-uü iCçûUVI SjuJfr Adja^í)
dae. ^ ô jjlâ jm04 -"^jilLuíVt “ JuUoaJIj jUjJI ^jkl ^ jíd t J^xaII .
^t-lü-ülj AjjAiSj^bU^ 3^)jaJl p-LIlûÎI ^la djLujjjjjQ a Ajlamija Cl\\\C* ^ ^Uil ^ Inxjj 2007 c^ 2 0 0 6 óJoaaSI sjiiil ^it^jSUSS!
4-UjUI j C jLjjâ.jÎI uilùx-al ¿J-a (J&U-AJj ^-oJaJLi Uafí^a j ^C-USl
¡j>a a S ^ Í L ú ( j j l a l i * ô j j IÏL a II t—lílaJall (J A* ï ^ C-úlAVt óJüJIC.
i “1 IgJu ^l_yjl