The Ontogeny of Chronic Distress: Emotion Dysregulation Across The
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Sex Differences in Oppositional Defiant Disorder 667
Psicothema 2011. Vol. 23, nº 4, pp. 666-671 ISSN 0214 - 9915 CODEN PSOTEG www.psicothema.com Copyright © 2011 Psicothema Sex differences in oppositional defi ant disorder Esther Trepat and Lourdes Ezpeleta Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona The goal was to analyze the sex differences in symptoms, comorbidity and functional impairment in outpatient children with Oppositional Defi ant Disorder (ODD). A sample of 343 children, aged 8 to 17 years and diagnosed with ODD, were assessed with a semi-structured diagnostic interview and dimensional measures of psychopathology and functional impairment. Boys with ODD more frequently displayed the symptoms «deliberately annoys» and «blames others», presented comorbid ADHD, and had greater functional impairment in school and community contexts; girls presented higher comorbidity with internalizing symptomatology (anxiety, depression and somatic complaints). Given that some clinical differences are apparent in ODD between boys and girls, it is necessary to consider the sex of the patient in order to identify and treat this disorder effi ciently and effectively in boys and in girls. Diferencias de sexo en el trastorno negativista desafi ante. El objetivo es analizar las diferencias de sexo en la prevalencia, sintomatología, comorbilidad y deterioro funcional en pacientes externos con Trastorno Negativista Desafi ante (TND). Una muestra de 343 niños y adolescentes de entre 8 y 17 años diagnosticados de TND fueron evaluados con una entrevista diagnóstica semiestructurada y otras medidas dimensionales de psicopatología y deterioro funcional. Los niños con TND mostraron con mayor frecuencia los síntomas «molestar deliberadamente» y «acusar a otros», mayor comorbilidad con trastorno por défi cit de atención con hiperactividad y mayor deterioro funcional en el colegio y en la comunidad; las niñas presentaron mayor comorbilidad con sintomatología interiorizada (ansiedad, depresión y quejas somáticas). -
Panic Disorder
Panic Disorder The Anxiety Disorders Association of America (ADAA) is a national 501 (c)3 nonprofit organization whose My heart’s pounding, mission is to promote the prevention, treatment and cure of anxiety disorders and to improve the lives of all it’s hard to breathe. people who suffer from them. Help ADAA help others. Donate now at www.adaa.org. “I feel like I’m going to go crazy or die. For information visit www.adaa.org or contact I have to get out Anxiety Disorders Association of America 8730 Georgia Ave., Ste. 600 of here NOW. Silver Spring, MD 20910 Phone: 240-485-1001 ” Anxiety Disorders Association of America What is Panic Disorder? About Anxiety Disorders We’ve all experienced that gut-wrenching fear when suddenly faced with a threatening or dangerous situation. Crossing the street as a car shoots out of nowhere, losing a child in Anxiety is a normal part of living. It’s the body’s way of telling the playground or hearing someone scream fire in a crowded us something isn’t right. It keeps us from harm’s way and theater. The momentary panic sends chills down our spines, prepares us to act quickly in the face of danger. However, for causes our hearts to beat wildly, our stomachs to knot and some people, anxiety is persistent, irrational and overwhelming. our minds to fill with terror. When the danger passes, so do It may get in the way of day-to-day activities and even make the symptoms. We’re relieved that the dreaded terror didn’t them impossible. -
Panic Disorder Issue Brief
Panic Disorder OCTOBER | 2018 Introduction Briefings such as this one are prepared in response to petitions to add new conditions to the list of qualifying conditions for the Minnesota medical cannabis program. The intention of these briefings is to present to the Commissioner of Health, to members of the Medical Cannabis Review Panel, and to interested members of the public scientific studies of cannabis products as therapy for the petitioned condition. Brief information on the condition and its current treatment is provided to help give context to the studies. The primary focus is on clinical trials and observational studies, but for many conditions there are few of these. A selection of articles on pre-clinical studies (typically laboratory and animal model studies) will be included, especially if there are few clinical trials or observational studies. Though interpretation of surveys is usually difficult because it is unclear whether responders represent the population of interest and because of unknown validity of responses, when published in peer-reviewed journals surveys will be included for completeness. When found, published recommendations or opinions of national organizations medical organizations will be included. Searches for published clinical trials and observational studies are performed using the National Library of Medicine’s MEDLINE database using key words appropriate for the petitioned condition. Articles that appeared to be results of clinical trials, observational studies, or review articles of such studies, were accessed for examination. References in the articles were studied to identify additional articles that were not found on the initial search. This continued in an iterative fashion until no additional relevant articles were found. -
Antisocial Personality Disorder
PEER REVIEWED FEATURE 2 CPD POINTS Antisocial personality disorder Managing the healthcare relationship KIMBERLIE DEAN BMedSci(Hons), MB BS, MRCPsych, MSc, PhD, FRANZCP DARIA KOROBANOVA BSc, PGDipClPs, PhD, MAPS Antisocial personality disorder traits often have a significant impact on a patient’s relationships with healthcare providers and can hinder the ability of primary care physicians to effectively and safely manage the individual’s physical and mental health needs. he Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Individuals 5th edition (DSM-5) defines personality disorder in with antisocial general terms as ‘an enduring pattern of inner experience personality disor- and behavior that deviates markedly from the expec- der often act in an Ttations of the individual’s culture, is pervasive and inflexible, irresponsible, reck- has an onset in adolescence or early adulthood, is stable over less, deceitful and time, and leads to distress or impairment’.1 In the case of anti- exploitative manner. This type of behaviour pattern often leads social personality disorder, the pervasive personality pattern to interpersonal, occupational and legal difficulties resulting seen is characterised by a disregard for, and violation of, the in distress to self and others. Early onset of these difficulties rights of others. contributes to disruption of normal development such as attaining an education, social adjustment and finding employment and stable housing. In addition, it is estimated that 47% of individuals with antisocial personality -
1 Serious Emotional Disturbance (SED) Expert Panel
Serious Emotional Disturbance (SED) Expert Panel Meetings Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (CBHSQ) September 8 and November 12, 2014 Summary of Panel Discussions and Recommendations In September and November of 2014, SAMHSA/CBHSQ convened two expert panels to discuss several issues that are relevant to generating national and State estimates of childhood serious emotional disturbance (SED). Childhood SED is defined as the presence of a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder that resulted in functional impairment which substantially interferes with or limits the child's role or functioning in family, school, or community activities (SAMHSA, 1993). The September and November 2014 panels brought together experts with critical knowledge around the history of this federal SED definition as well as clinical and measurement expertise in childhood mental disorders and their associated functional impairments. The goals for the two expert panel meetings were to operationalize the definition of SED for the production of national and state prevalence estimates (Expert Panel 1, September 8, 2014) and discuss instrumentation and measurement issues for estimating national and state prevalence of SED (Expert Panel 2, November 12, 2014). This document provides an overarching summary of these two expert panel discussions and conclusions. More comprehensive summaries of both individual meetings’ discussions and recommendations are found in the appendices to this summary. Appendix A includes a summary of the September meeting and Appendix B includes a summary of the November meeting). The appendices of this document also contain additional information about child, adolescent, and young adult psychiatric diagnostic interviews, functional impairment measures, and shorter mental health measurement tools that may be necessary to predict SED in statistical models. -
Externalizing Disorders: Cluster 5 of the Proposed Meta-Structure for DSM-V and ICD-11 R
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Digital Commons@Becker Washington University School of Medicine Digital Commons@Becker Open Access Publications 2009 Externalizing disorders: Cluster 5 of the proposed meta-structure for DSM-V and ICD-11 R. F. Krueger Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis S. C. South Purdue University Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.wustl.edu/open_access_pubs Recommended Citation Krueger, R. F. and South, S. C., ,"Externalizing disorders: Cluster 5 of the proposed meta-structure for DSM-V and ICD-11." Psychological Medicine.39,12. 2061-2070. (2009). http://digitalcommons.wustl.edu/open_access_pubs/3931 This Open Access Publication is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons@Becker. It has been accepted for inclusion in Open Access Publications by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@Becker. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Psychological Medicine (2009), 39, 2061–2070. f Cambridge University Press 2009 REVIEW ARTICLE doi:10.1017/S0033291709990328 Externalizing disorders: Cluster 5 of the proposed meta-structure for DSM-V and ICD-11 Paper 6 of 7 of the thematic section: ‘A proposal for a meta-structure for DSM-V and ICD-11’ R. F. Krueger1* and S. C. South2 1 Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA 2 Department of Psychology, Purdue University, Lafayette, IN, USA Background. The extant major psychiatric classifications DSM-IV and ICD-10 are purportedly atheoretical and largely descriptive. Although this achieves good reliability, the validity of a medical diagnosis is greatly enhanced by an understanding of the etiology. -
The Relationship Between Internalizing and Externalizing Problems in Adolescence: Does Gender Make a Difference?
The relationship between internalizing and externalizing problems in adolescence: does gender make a difference? Ana Paula Matosa, Maria do Céu Salvadora, José J. M. Costaa, Maria do Rosário Pinheiroa, Eiríkur Örn Arnarsonb and W. Edward Craigheadc. a Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences - University of Coimbra, Portugal b Landspítali - University Hospital, University of Iceland c Emory University, Atlanta, United States of America Externalizing problems arising during adolescence are usually associated with the ex- perience of negative feelings. During this developmental stage, internalizing symptoms can also develop, and they occur with a higher prevalence in girls. Parents can be very important allies and useful alternatives in the identification of several aspects of internalizing/externaliz- ing problems in childhood and adolescence. The main purpose of the current research was to obtain a deeper understanding of the relationships between externalizing and internalizing symptoms in adolescence, including analyses of the influence of gender on those relationships. The sample consisted of 1590 adolescents, between 12 and 16 years old, who completed the CDI to assess depressive symptoms, and their parents, who completed the CBCL, assessing externalizing and internalizing symptoms. Boys scored significantly higher on aggressiveness and hyperactivity, and girls reported higher values on the seven remaining dimensions of CBCL, internalizing index, and Total CDI. Effects sizes were small, however, and no differ- ences were found for externalizing index. The internalizing index was positively, significantly, and moderately correlated with almost all the externalizing problems. The externalizing index, in turn, presented significant, positive and moderate correlations with depression, anxiety, ob- sessive-schizoid, withdrawal, and social problems. Externalizing problems successfully pre- dicted internalizing problems (50,6% for girls versus 37,4% for boys). -
Children's Mental Health Disorder Fact Sheet for the Classroom
1 Children’s Mental Health Disorder Fact Sheet for the Classroom1 Disorder Symptoms or Behaviors About the Disorder Educational Implications Instructional Strategies and Classroom Accommodations Anxiety Frequent Absences All children feel anxious at times. Many feel stress, for example, when Students are easily frustrated and may Allow students to contract a flexible deadline for Refusal to join in social activities separated from parents; others fear the dark. Some though suffer enough have difficulty completing work. They worrisome assignments. Isolating behavior to interfere with their daily activities. Anxious students may lose friends may suffer from perfectionism and take Have the student check with the teacher or have the teacher Many physical complaints and be left out of social activities. Because they are quiet and compliant, much longer to complete work. Or they check with the student to make sure that assignments have Excessive worry about homework/grades the signs are often missed. They commonly experience academic failure may simply refuse to begin out of fear been written down correctly. Many teachers will choose to Frequent bouts of tears and low self-esteem. that they won’t be able to do anything initial an assignment notebook to indicate that information Fear of new situations right. Their fears of being embarrassed, is correct. Drug or alcohol abuse As many as 1 in 10 young people suffer from an AD. About 50% with humiliated, or failing may result in Consider modifying or adapting the curriculum to better AD also have a second AD or other behavioral disorder (e.g. school avoidance. Getting behind in their suit the student’s learning style-this may lessen his/her depression). -
Does Psychomotor Agitation in Major Depressive Episodes Indicate Bipolarity? Evidence from the Zurich Study
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by RERO DOC Digital Library Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci (2009) 259:55–63 DOI 10.1007/s00406-008-0834-7 ORIGINAL PAPER Jules Angst Æ Alex Gamma Æ Franco Benazzi Æ Vladeta Ajdacic Æ Wulf Ro¨ssler Does psychomotor agitation in major depressive episodes indicate bipolarity? Evidence from the Zurich Study Received: 4 September 2007 / Accepted: 5 June 2008 / Published online: 19 September 2008 j Abstract Background Kraepelin’s partial interpre- were equally associated with the indicators of bipolarity tation of agitated depression as a mixed state of and with anxiety. Longitudinally, agitation and retar- ‘‘manic-depressive insanity’’ (including the current dation were significantly associated with each other concept of bipolar disorder) has recently been the focus (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.0–3.2), and this combined of much research. This paper tested whether, how, and group of major depressives showed stronger associa- to what extent both psychomotor symptoms, agitation tions with bipolarity, with both hypomanic/cyclothy- and retardation in depression are related to bipolarity mic and depressive temperamental traits, and with and anxiety. Method The prospective Zurich Study anxiety. Among agitated, non-retarded depressives, assessed psychiatric and somatic syndromes in a unipolar mood disorder was even twice as common as community sample of young adults (N = 591) (aged bipolar mood disorder. Conclusion Combined agitated 20 at first interview) by six interviews over 20 years and retarded major depressive states are more often (1979–1999). Psychomotor symptoms of agitation and bipolar than unipolar, but, in general, agitated retardation were assessed by professional interviewers depression (with or without retardation) is not more from age 22 to 40 (five interviews) on the basis of the frequently bipolar than retarded depression (with or observed and reported behaviour within the interview without agitation), and pure agitated depression is even section on depression. -
Redalyc.Emotions and the Emotional Disorders: a Quantitative
International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology ISSN: 1697-2600 [email protected] Asociación Española de Psicología Conductual España Watson, David; Clark, Lee Anna; Stasik, Sara M. Emotions and the emotional disorders: A quantitative hierarchical perspective International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, vol. 11, núm. 3, 2011, pp. 429-442 Asociación Española de Psicología Conductual Granada, España Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=33719289001 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative © International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology ISSN 1697-2600 print ISSN 2174-0852 online 2011, Vol. 11, Nº 3, pp. 429-442 Emotions and the emotional disorders: A quantitative hierarchical perspective David Watson1, Lee Anna Clark, and Sara M. Stasik (University of Notre Dame, USA) ABSTRACT. Previous evidence has established that general negative affect represents a non-specific factor common to both anxiety and depression, whereas low positive affect is more specifically related to the latter. Little is known, however, about how specific, lower order affects relate to these constructs. We investigated how six emotional disorders—major depression, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), panic disorder, social phobia, and obsessive compulsive disorder — are linked to both general and specific types of affect in two samples (Ns = 331 and 253), using the Expanded Form of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS- X). Replicating previous results, the General Negative Affect scale was nonspecifically related to the emotional disorders, whereas General Positive Affect had a specific (inverse) association with major depression. -
Defense Styles in Internalizing and Externalizing Disorders
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Procedia Social and Behavioral Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 00 (2011) 000–000 Sciences Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 30 (2011) 236 – 241 www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia WCPCG-2010 Defense styles in internalizing and externalizing disorders Mohammad Ali Salehi Nezhada, Mohammad Karim Khodapanahi b, Mehrnaz Yekta c, Bahram Mahmoodikahriz d, Sarvenaz Ostadghafour* a,&cDepartment of Psychology, University of Tehran, P. O. Box 14155-6456, Tehran, Iran b&dDepartment of Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Abstract This study investigated the relationship between defense mechanism styles and internalizing/ externalizing disorders in adolescents. 150 undergraduate students (55 males, 95 females) completed Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ-40) in order to examine defense styles and Youth Self-report (YSR) for diagnosing internalizing or externalizing disorder. The results revealed that internalizing disorders primarily were associated with neurotic and mature defenses whereas externalizing disorders were associated with immature and neurotic defenses and comparing to normal participants, both participants with internalizing and externalizing disorders were significantly different in immature defenses. It can be concluded that immature defenses can predict and differentiate externalizing disorder while comparing to people with internalizing disorder which has theoretical and clinical implications. -
Anxiety Disorders: Diagnosis & Treatment
Anxiety Disorders: Diagnosis & Treatment David Liu MD, MS Health Sciences Assistant Clinical Professor UC Davis Department of Psychiatry and Behavior Sciences Disclosures • I have no financial relationships to disclose relating to the subject matter of this presentation Learning Objectives 1. Review the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Panic Disorder 2. Recognize differential diagnosis of GAD and Panic Disorder 3. Appreciate common co-morbidities to Anxiety disorders 4. Understand approach towards management and treatment options for Anxiety disorders in the primary care setting Primary Care is the ‘De Facto’ Mental Health System What is Anxiety? Begins as ordinary, day-to-day Begins to effect situation. daily life Excessive DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria for Generalized Anxiety Disorder A. Excessive anxiety and worry (apprehensive expectation), occurring more days than not for at least 6 months, about a number of events or activities (such as work or school performance) B. The individual finds it difficult to control the worry. C. The anxiety and worry are associated with three (or more) of the following six symptoms (With at least some symptoms having been presents for more days than not for the past 6 months). Note: Only one item is required in children – 1. Restlessness or feeling keyed up or on edge. – 2. Being easily fatigued. – 3. Difficulty concentrating or mind going blank. – 4. Irritability. – 5. Muscle tension. – 6. Sleep disturbance (difficulty falling or staying asleep, or restless, unsatisfying sleep) DSM-5 DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria for Generalized Anxiety Disorder (cont.) D. The anxiety, worry, or physical symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social occupational, or other important areas of functioning.