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Journal of the African Union Commission on International Law (AUCIL) Journal of the African Union Commission on International Law (AUCIL) The Legal, Political and Socio-Economic Consequences of Migration, Situation of Refugees and Internally Displaced Persons in Africa PROCEEDINGS OF THE 6TH FORUM Journal de la Commission de l’Union africaine sur le droit international (CUADI) Les conséquences juridiques, politiques et socio- économiques de la migration et la situation des réfugiés et des déplacés internes en Afrique ACTES DU 6e FORUM NUMÉRO. 1, 2020 ISSUE NO. 1, 2020 AUCIL_2020_01_BOOK.indb 1 2020/04/29 10:33 First published 2020 Première publication 2020 Juta and Company (Pty) Ltd Juta and Company (Pty) Ltd First Floor First Floor Sunclare Building Sunclare Building 21 Dreyer Street 21 Dreyer Street Claremont Claremont 7708 7708 © 2020 Juta and Company (Pty) Ltd © 2020 Juta and Company (Pty) Ltd All rights reserved. No part of this Tous les droits sont réservés. 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Bien que toutes les précautions soient Although every care is taken to ensure prises pour assurer l'exactitude de cette the accuracy of this publication, its publication, de ses suppléments, mises supplements, updates and replacement à jour et matériel de remplacement, les material, the authors, editors, publishers auteurs, éditeurs, éditeurs et imprimeurs and printers do not accept responsibility n'acceptent aucune responsabilité pour for any act, omission, loss, damage or the tout acte, omission, perte, dommage ou consequences thereof occasioned by a les conséquences de ceux-ci occasionnés reliance by any person upon the contents par une confiance par toute personne sur hereof. le contenu des présentes. ISSN 1821-8962 ISSN 1821-8962 Conception de la couverture par Jacques Cover design: Jacques Nel Nel Typesetter: Wouter Reinders Typographe et design par Wouter Printed and bound by xxxxx Reinders Imprimé et relié par XXX AUCIL_2020_01_BOOK.indb 2 2020/04/29 10:33 CONTENTS / CONTENU Foreword Avant-propos ADEWALE E. IYANDA ............................................................................................. vii Statement by the Minister of Justice and Attorney-General of the Republic of Rwanda Déclaration du Ministre de la Justice et Procureur General de la Republique du Rwanda H.E. BUSINGYE JOHNSTON .................................................................................... 1 Keynote speech on migration Discours liminaire sur la migration H.E. JUDGE ABDULQAWI A. YUSUF .......................................................................... 11 The issue of migration in Africa: Keynote address La question de la migration en Afrique CHALOKA BEYANI ................................................................................................. 21 Migration in Africa: Filling in the gaps and strengthening the regional refugee protection and migration regime La migration en Afrique : Combler les lacunes et renforcer le régime régional de protection des réfugiés et de migration CAROLINE NALULE ............................................................................................... 27 The problem of statelessness in Africa La problématique de l’apatridie en Afrique GÉRARD AÏVO ...................................................................................................... Internally displaced persons in the IGAD region: The need for a legal regime Les personnes déplacées à l’intérieur de leur propre pays dans la région de l’IGAD : Le besoin d’un régime juridique SAMUEL BERHANU WOLDEMARIAM AND RETA ALEMU NEGA ...................................... 79 Migrants and internally displaced people in Africa: International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) activities to address the humanitarian needs of the most vulnerable Les migrants et les personnes déplacées à l’intérieur de leur propre pays en Afrique : Les activités du Comité international de la Croix-Rouge (CICR) pour aborder les besoins humanitaires des personnes les plus vulnérables LINDA ISABEL NGESA AND EVE MASSINGHAM .......................................................... 98 Displacement and African truth commissions Le Déplacement et les commissions vérité en Afrique EMMANUEL GUEMATCHA ............................................................................................. 122 The protection of migrants in detention under international law La protection des migrants en détention par le droit international GHISLAIN PATRICK LESSENE ................................................................................... 139 Towards purposeful economic integration in Africa: Free movement of persons instead of illegal migration Vers une intégration économique déterminée en Afrique : La libre circulation des personnes au lieu de la migration illégale MICHAEL IMRAN KANU ......................................................................................... 165 The legal aspects of migration by sea Les aspects juridiques de la migration par voie maritime MAURICE K. KAMGA ............................................................................................. 188 AUCIL_2020_01_BOOK.indb 3 2020/04/29 10:33 Actions filed by refugees in national courts Le contentieux des réfugiés devant les juridictions nationales PR. EDITH EMMANUELLE ADOUKI ........................................................................... 213 Report of the 6th forum of the African Union Commission on International Law Rapport du 6e forum de la Commission de l'Union africaine sur le droit international AMB. JULIET S. KALEMA ......................................................................................... 235 AUCIL_2020_01_BOOK.indb 4 2020/04/29 10:33 AUCIL Composition (2017-2018)1 / Composition de la CUADI (2017-2018)2 Amb (Prof) Sebastião Da Silva Isata Chairperson/Président Justice Abdi Ismael Hersi Vice Chairperson/Vice-Président Prof Hajer Gueldich General Rapporteur/Rapporteur Général Amb (Prof) Cheikh Tidiane Thiam Member/Membre Prof Daniel Makiesse Mwanawanzambi Member/Membre Justice Kholisani Solo Member/Membre Justice Naceesay Salla-Wadda Member/Membre Amb Juliet Semambo Kalema Member/Membre Prof Boniface Obinna Okere Member/Membre Dr Mohamed Barakat Member/Membre Hon Kathleen Quartey Ayensu Member/Membre AUCIL Current Composition (2020) / Composition actuelle de la CUADI (2020) Amb (Prof) Sebastião Da Silva Isata Chairperson/Président Justice Abdi Ismael Hersi Vice Chairperson/Vice-Président Dr Kevin Ferdinand Ndjimba Rapporteur General Prof Hajer Gueldich Member/Membre Amb Juliet Semambo Kalema Member/Membre Hon Kathleen Quartey Ayensu Member/Membre Ms Narindra Arivelo Ramananarivo Member/Membre Ms Sindiso H. Sichone Member/Membre Ms Ela Nchama Tomassa Bisi Member/Membre Dr Bélibi Sébastien Daila Member/Membre Prof Mohamed S. Helal Member/Membre 1 At the time of its 6th Forum. 2 Au moment de la tenue de son 6ème Forum AUCIL_2020_01_BOOK.indb 5 2020/04/29 10:33 AUCIL_2020_01_BOOK.indb 6 2020/04/29 10:33 FOREWORD / AVANT-PROPOS Migration is not a new phenomenon; it has existed since the beginning of time and has shaped the world as we know it. Migration has different aspects, but more recently it has been viewed negatively, particularly in relation to refugees who have been displaced as a result of climate change, armed conflict or other man-made disasters. The magnitude of the current migration crisis has once again brought this phenomenon to the fore in international public discourse. Unfortunately, these conversations sometimes ignore the very positive impact that migration has had on the development of many modern states. Historically, migration has been the subject of many disciplines, including international
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