Summary Report of the Geological Survey for the Calendar Year 1911
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5 GEORGE V. SESSIONAL PAPER No. 26 A. 1915 SUMMARY REPORT OK THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DEPARTMENT OF MINES FOR THE CALENDAR YEAR 1914 PRINTED BY ORDER OF PARLIAMENT. OTTAWA PRTNTKD BY J. i»k L TAOHE, PRINTER TO THE KING'S MOST EXCELLENT IfAJESTS [No. 26—1915] [No , 15031 5 GEORGE V. SESSIONAL PAPER No. 26 A. 1915 To Field Marshal, Hit Hoi/al Highness Prince Arthur William Patrick Albert, Duke of Connaught and of Strath-earn, K.G., K.T., K.P., etc., etc., etc., Governor General and Commander in Chief of the Dominion of Canada. May it Please Youb Royal Highness.,— The undersigned has the honour to lay before Your Royal Highness— in com- pliance with t>-7 Edward YIT, chapter 29, section IS— the Summary Report of the operations of the Geological Survey during the calendar year 1914. LOUIS CODERRK, Minister of Mines. 5 GEORGE V. SESSIONAL PAPER No. 26 A. 1915 To the Hon. Louis Codebrk, M.P., Minister of Mines, Ottawa. Sir,—I have the honour to transmit, herewith, my summary report of the opera- tions of the Geological Survey for the calendar year 1914, which includes the report* of the various officials on the work accomplished by them. I have the honour to be, sir, Your obedient servant, R. G. MrCOXXFI.L, Deputy Minister, Department of Mines. B . SESSIONAL PAPER No. 28 A. 1915 5 GEORGE V. CONTENTS. Paok. 1 DIRECTORS REPORT REPORTS FROM GEOLOGICAL DIVISION Cairncs Yukon : D. D. Exploration in southwestern "" ^ D. MacKenzie '\ Graham island. B.C.: J. M 37 B.C. U IS^ir^JKS^ : i * J. D. MacKenzie Flathead special map-area. B.C. : ^ Allan Rocky Mountains park. Alberta: J. A. ^ Qm-thprn Alberta: D. B. Dowling Clearwater, and North Saskatchewan Reconnais-nce along the Red Deer. James. ^ rivers. Alberta: Bruce Rose S. E. Slipper River map-area. Alberta : The Sheep '''1^1^ ™54 J. S. Stewart. ...... Porcupine hills. Alberta : The Foothills area, west of the Athabaska and Great Slave lakes. Alberta and In exploration of the region between * ^ Camsell *• '* '**".* N.W.T. : Charles Alberta and Sask: F. 60 the north shore of Lake Athabaska. Geologv of Alberta west of the Bla.rmore sheet. The Cetaceous sections on the Crowsnest river, ^ F. H. McLearn •• 64 Wood Mountain coal area. Sask.: Bruce Rose •• and Manitoba: E. L. Bruce 67 Amisk Lake district, northern Saskatchewan Pembina mountain. Manitoba: A. MacLcan McLearn Manitoba : F. H. ™ Notes on the cores of Winnipeg wells. Wallace Gvpsum and brines in Manitoba: R. C. W. A. Johnston. " Lake Simcoe and Rainy River districts. Ontario: Lake Huron: W. H. Collhw. « A reconnaissance of the north shore of Ontario: M. Y. * .ll.ams 82 The middle and upper Silurian of southwestern Ontario: J. Keele Investigation of the clay resources of ^ Road materials in Ontario: L. Reinecke. Brunton. .. 91 radio-active minerals in Ontario: S. Investigation" of the occurrence of Quebec: M. E. Wllaon . Northern portion of Buckingham map-area. rivers, northwestern Quebec. H. C. Cooke. The basins of the Nottaway and Broadback Trunk Pacific railway. Quebec: T. L. The Harricanaw basin north of the Grand ^ Tanton 98 Harv ie Brome and Missisquoi counties. Quebec: Robert Mailhiot the Eastern Townships. Quebec: A. Granites of JJJ New Brunswick: A. O. Hayes St. John map-area. ^ • Wright • Moncton map-area. New Brunswick: W. J. J. W. Goldthwa.t 02 Phvsiography and surface geology of Nova Scotia: Scotia: E. R. Faribault 101 Caledonia map-area. Queens. county. Nova Nova Scotia: A. * The Horton-Windsor Carboniferous area. W Jesse and Pennsylvania formations in Nova Scotia: H W«J" Windsor Robinson .... MtJJJ eastern Canada : C. W. An investigation of radio-active minerals in • J. O'Neill. • Canadian Arctic expedition. 1014 : J. L- M. Lambe Report of the vertebrate palaeontologist: E. M. Kindle Report of the stratigraphical pala-ontologict : Paleobotany : W. J. Wilson R. A. A. Johnston Mineralogy: iJg Water and borings division: E. D. Ingall Boyd 145 REPORTS FROM THE TOPOGRAPHICAL DIVISION: W. B. e. .... .. char . Lawson in S . j« Rainy Hollow map-area. B.C.: W. E. F. S. Falconer in charge U« Revelstoke sheet and Ainsworth map-area. BC, Sheppard In charge.. .. HI nathead and Crowsnest sheets. B.C. and Alberta: A. C. T. 26— " viii GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 5 GEORGE V., A. 191 Sheep River map-area, Alberta: PA° E. E. Preeland in charge Athabaska lake. Alberta 147 and Sask. : A. G. Hau.tain in charge Thetford and Black Lake map-area, - 147 Quebec D A i I New Glasgow map-area. charge N.S. : B. R MacKay iit charge m Traverse control and triangulation 148 : S. C. McLean Sudbury in charget-narge reconnaissance: W. H. Boyd 14g Canadian Arctic expedition ' 148 : K. G. Chipman and J R Cox REPORTS 148 FROM THE BIOLOGICAL DIVISION Botany 150 : John Macoun Botany: J. M. Macoun ^ Zoology : p. a. Taverner 150 Chaleur Bay field work: P. A. Taverner 152 The Athabaska-Great Slave : 158 Lake expedition ' Franks Canad.an Arctic HarDer' expedition, 1913-1914: R. M. Anderson ^ 159 Entomology C. Gordon : Hewitt. .. 163 Canadian Arctic expedition : Fritz Johansen 166 REPORTS FROM THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL ' DIVIsioN : E Sapir 168 PART I. Ethnology and Linguistics: E. Sapir.. Part II. Archaeology: Harlan I. Smith. lfi 8 Part in. Physical Anthropology; 177 F. H. S. Kn'owles' REPORT FROM THE GEOGRAPHICAL AND ^ DRAUGHTING DIVISION C REPORT FROM O Sen' ^ 184 LIBRARY : M. Calhoun ' ' REPORT 189 ON PUBLICATIONS: M. Sauvalle ACCOUNTANT'S 190 STATEMENT: John Marshall.. INDEX 192 193 ILLUSTRATIONS. Diagram of southwestern portion of Yukon Territory iagram ^ structure secti0"*. Foothills, 11 WoTmWood f southern AlberVaAiDerta Mountain coal area, Saskatchewan, Map 45 Figure 117 A i. Diagrammatic cross 64 section of No. 1 mine. Ainsworth BC ' 40 5 GEORGE V. SESSIONAL PAPER No. 26 A. 1915 SUMMARY REPORT OK NIK GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DEPARTMENT OF MINES FOR THE CALENDAR YEAR. 1014. INTRODUCTORY STAT EM EXT. The Summary Report covers the operations of all divisions of the Geological Survey for the calendar year 1014. Prominence is given to the economic features of work done by the staff during the year in order that new information secured may be given to the public in a preliminary way as, early as possible. Besides strictly geological work the Survey includes a Topographical division and divisions of Biology and Anthropology and administers the Victoria Memorial Museum. PUBLICATION DIVISION. Publications relating to the work accomplished in all of these divisions are issued from time to time, and it is the aim of the Geological Survey to make these available to all who are interested in them. To this end a notice list is kept on which applicants may have their names entered and receive notices of all publications issued, and so be in a position to send for any report desired. Following this procedure, 50,430 publica- tion- were distributed during -the year 1014 in compliance with written and personal requests and 96,200 were sent to addresses on the regular mailing lists. In addition, French editions of the publications were distributed through the Publishing and Trans- lating divi-i. ii of the department. STAFF. The following changes have taken place in the staff of the Survey during the year, 1914: R. V.*. Brock, Director, was appointed Deputy (Minister of the Department Janu- ary 1 and resigned November 80; R. G. McConnell, geologist, was appointed Deputy Minister of the Department, December 1. The; following additional appointments L't',-1 — 2 GEOLOGICAL Sl'I'YEY 5 GEORGE V., A. 1915 were made: Merton Y. Williams, junior geologist; Bruce Rose, junior geologist; Harold C. Cooke, junior geologist; Wellman S. Hutton, assistant photographer; Claude E. Johnson, wax worker and colourist; Florence E. Forsey, cataloguer in Library; Edward E. Freeland, junior topographer; John R. Cox, junior topographer; Albert Cox, messenger; Geo. J. Mackay, technical officer; Alice E. Dear, stenogra- pher and typist; Francis IT. S. Knowles, physical anthropologist; Albert O. Hayes, junior geologist; Charles M. Sternberg, preparator, invertebrate palaeontology; James Hill, junior geologist; M. G. Brown, assistant dry plate photographer. Most regrettable events affecting the Survey in connexion with the Canadian Arctic expedi- tion were the deaths during the year of G. S. Malloch, geologist, and Henri Bcauchat, anthropologist. Mr. Malloch had already done much valuable geological work and his sad death in the north cuts short a career of great promise. Mr. Beauchat's work is referred to in the report of the anthropologist on a later page. GEOLOGICAL DIVISION The work of the Geological Division, as in previous years, covered portions of the Dominion from Nova Scotia on the extreme east to the western islands of British Col- umbia and included explorations in Yukon and the Arctic regions of Canada. Special attention was devoted to regions which promised to be of interest economi- cally and detailed investigations of several producing areas were made with a view to helping in their economical development. In addition to work bearing upon the metallic mineral resources, important inves- tigations were carried on in mineral fuels and clay products, and a beginning was made in mapping and classifying deposits of material suitable for road making, a work which the widespread need in Canada for better roads made peculiarly pressing, and one which the Survey with its stores of accumulated data and staff of trained observers is well fitted to undertake. In a tentative way work was begun on a soil survey of Canada with the object of classifying the soils and ascertaining their agricultural capabilities in different dis- tricts. The work of the staff, dealt with in order of location from west to east, is briefly summarized below: O. E. LeRoy, as geologist in charge of field parties, visited most of the provinces of Canada during the summer, reviewing the work in progress.