DOCSLIB.ORG

A Hybrid of Buddleja Davidii Var. Nanhoensis 'Nanho Purple' and B. Lindleyana

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Hybrid of Buddleja Davidii Var. Nanhoensis 'Nanho Purple' and B. Lindleyana HORTSCIENCE 39(7):1581–1583. 2004. In total, 511 fl owers were self-pollinated on 11 infl orescences of the hybrid. In total, 774 fl owers on 11 infl orescences of B. davidii ‘Nanho A Hybrid of Buddleja davidii var. Purple’ were self-pollinated. Four panicles of B. lindleyana were self-pollinated, resulting in nanhoensis ‘Nanho Purple’ and a total of 189 fl owers. Fertility of the hybrid relative to both par- B. lindleyana ents was assessed by crossing all three taxa as male parents to B. fallowiana and to B. davidii W. Elliott1, D.J. Werner2 and P.R. Fantz2 cultivars ‘White Ball’, ‘Black Knight’, and Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Box ‘Dartmoor’, using the hybrid and both parents 7609, Raleigh, NC 27695-7609 as the pollen source. Between 7 and 13 infl ores- cences were pollinated for each combination, Additional index words. Buddleja davidii, Buddleja lindleyana, butterfl y bush, Buddlejaceae, with total fl owers pollinated ranging from Loganiaceae, Scrophulariaceae, breeding, hybrids, RAPD analysis 430 to 1664 fl owers per combination. Seed capsules were harvested at maturity, as defi ned Abstract. A controlled cross between Buddleja davidii var. nanhoensis (Chitt.) Rehd. ‘Nanho by their dried appearance and the beginning of Purple’ and B. lindleyana Fort. ex Lindl. produced a hybrid. Pollen viability, male fertility, dehiscence. The seed capsules were placed in and the fl oral and vegetative characters are presented with a Latin diagnosis. Buddleja paper envelopes, dried for an additional 2 to 3 x luteolufaucia Elliott and Fantz is proposed as the name for this hybrid. Hybridity was d at room temperature, and stored at 4 °C until confi rmed using RAPD analysis. they were sown. For germination, seeds were Buddleja L. (orthogr. syn. Buddleia) consists (Dirr, 1998). A successful interspecifi c hybrid of sown on sterile media (Fafard # 4) and placed of ≈100 species (Griffi ths, 1994). The genus B. davidii var. nanhoensis (Chitt.) Rehd. ‘Nanho under intermittent mist. The number of germi- has been placed in several families including Purple’ and B. lindleyana has been made. The nated seedlings for each cross combination was Scrophulariaceae Juss. (Rogers, 1986) and Lo- objectives of this work described herein are to counted after 3 to 5 weeks. ganiaceae Mart. (Griffi ths, 1994) as well as its verify the hybrid status of the seedling produced, Pollen fertility of the hybrid and both parents own family Buddlejaceae K. Wilh. (Bhattacha- characterize the fl oral and vegetative characters was determined by culturing pollen obtained ryya and Johri, 1998). Most species are tropical of the hybrid, and to validate a name for the from newly opened fl owers on germination or subtropical shrubs originating in Asia, South hybrid taxon. media (Brewbaker and Kwack, 1963). A fi ne Africa, and North and South America. Buddleja camel’s hair brush was used to remove pollen has a number of qualities that make it a desir- Materials and Methods from the anthers of several fl owers representing able ornamental shrub. Plants exhibit extended several infl orescences of the same plant. Three fl owering periods and produce long panicles of Numerous controlled crosses between B. petri dishes containing media were made for fl owers that attract butterfl ies and bees. Buddleja davidii var. nanhoensis ‘Nanho Purple’ and each taxa. Pollen was placed on the media and are widely adaptable, tolerating poor soil, heat B. lindleyana were made, resulting in a single allowed to germinate for 3 h. Pollen germination and drought, and suffer from few pest problems, hybrid seedling (herein referred to as the hybrid). was measured by examining the pollen under the exceptions being nematodes (Dirr, 1998) ‘Nanho Purple’ was used as the female parent. 100× magnifi cation. Germination was defi ned and spider mites (Gillman, 1998). This seedling was grown in the N.C. State as the pollen tube being at least as long as the Garden use of Buddleja has been limited University Horticultural Science greenhouse in diameter of the pollen grain. This procedure was primarily to B. davidii Franch. However, there Raleigh, and stem cuttings were made of this replicated three times over the course of 5 weeks. are some notable exceptions. ‘Lochinch’ is an individual plant for further testing. Pollen fertility of the hybrid and both parents was offspring of hybridization between B. davidii In Spring 2001, three vegetatively propagated compared using a repeated measures ANOVA, and B. fallowiana Balf., and possesses the specimens each of the hybrid, B. davidii ‘Nanho with data composed of arcsine transformation silvery-gray foliage of B. fallowiana, and the Purple’ and B. lindleyana were transplanted of the percent pollen germination. hardiness, habit and panicle size of B. davidii. outdoors at the Horticultural Field Laboratory Randomly amplifi ed polymorphic DNA ‘Honeycomb’ and ‘Sungold’, both hybrids of B. in Raleigh and grown under standard cultural (RAPD) reactions were performed on leaf globosa Hope and B. davidii, have the yellow conditions. Characterization of floral and samples of the hybrid and each parent to confi rm fl ower color of B. globosa and foliar character vegetative characters of the hybrid and both hybridity. RAPD primers OPAV11, OPW-16, and plant habit intermediate between these two parents were made for two consecutive years. OPX-18, OPAA-11,(AC)8CA, (AC)8CT, species (Dirr, 1998). Winter leaf defoliation was assessed visually in (AC)8TT and (AG)8CC were used in accordance To date, hybridization of the Asian species B. January 2003. with previously reported procedures (Chaparro davidii and B. lindleyana Fort. ex Lindl. has not Color was assessed by observation using et al., 1994). been reported in literature. Buddleja lindleyana the Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart Vouchers in fl ower of B. davidii ‘Nanho possesses characteristics that would be desirable (Royal Horticultural Society, 1986). Color Purple (6611 and 6613, NCSC; 6612, NA), to incorporate into B. davidii. It has evergreen to designations (e.g., reddish-brown) represent the B. lindleyana (6614 and 6616, NCSC; 6615, semi-evergreen foliage in zones 7 to 9, produces author’s personal perceptions, while the color NA) and the hybrid (6617 and 6619, NCSC; purple-colored panicles that are considerably value designations (e.g., RHS 174A) refer to 6618, NA) were collected by Fantz and Elliott. longer than B. davidii, and can be encouraged to corresponding RHS color chips. Vouchers sent to the United States National grow on a trellis or to weave through the canopy Self- and cross-fertility of the hybrid and Arboretum (NA) included 6612, 6615, and 6618, of a tree, where its long drooping panicles can be both parents were assessed by making controlled and the remaining vouchers were deposited at displayed with maximal effectiveness. Also, B. self- and cross-pollinations in the greenhouse. the NCSU Herbarium (NCSC). lindleyana is considered to be more mite resistant Cross-pollinations were made using standard hybridization procedures. For each pollination, Results and Discussion panicles containing fl owers one to two days Received for publication 21 Jan. 2004. Accepted before anthesis were selected. The fl owers were Morphological comparison of taxa. The for publication 27 Mar. 2004. The authors appreci- hybrid resembles both parents in having ate the contributions of W.E. Kloos for generating emasculated and fresh pollen of the male parent thought; L. Snelling, for support of this project; J. was applied with a camel’s hair brush to the angulate stems, opposite green leaves, purple- Chaparro for conducting the RAPD reactions; and stigmatic surface of each fl ower immediately violet corolla lobes, glabrous ovules, and four J. Dietz for statistical consultation. after emasculation. Pollinations were performed stamens. The infl orescence of each taxa is an 1Graduate student. over a four-month period of time, from July indeterminate thyrse. Fruits are capsules. A 2Professor. through November 2000. summary of distinguishing characters compar- HORTSCIENCE VOL. 39(7) DECEMBER 2004 1581 11581–1583COLOR.indd581–1583COLOR.indd 11581581 110/28/040/28/04 44:43:58:43:58 PPMM Table 1. A comparison of the hybrid characters with those of the parents Buddleja davidii ‘Nanho Purple’ and B. lindleyana. Characteristic B. davidii ‘Nanho Purple’ Hybrid B. lindleyana Stems Color older stem 165A-B 174A, 175A-B 172A, 174A Dark brown Reddish-brown Reddish-brown Suckering No No Yes Leaves Petiole length (mm) (0) 2–4 0–3 (5) (2) 3–6 (7) Length/width ratio 3.1–5.6 2.3–3.4 1.4–2.2 (2.6) Shape Lanceolate, oblong, oblanceolate, linear Lanceolate, oblong, elliptical Ovate-lanceolate Margin Serrate-crenate Serrate Entire (crenate) Lower surface color 194A-195A-196A 148C, 147B (194A) 147A, 147B, 147C Silver-white Pale green Pale green Lower surface pubescence White tomentose Pale tan on midrib of young leaves Brown pubescence on young leaves Upper surface Dull color Dull color Shiny Winter leaf defoliation 80% 15% 25% Infl orescence Rachis length (mm) 63–110 (125) (5) 85–212 (383) (132) 185–400 (450) Grouping 3, 5, 7 3 3 Flowers Flower length (mm) 13.1–16.9 (18.5) 16.4–21.8 (13.6) 14.3–18.7 Total number fl owers (39) 48–90 (26) 53–133 161–280 Number open fl owers (34) 41–90 3–27 (34) (1) 3–11 Odor Fragrant Nonfragrant Nonfragrant Calyx Width (mm) 0.9–1.6 1.3–2.2 1.8 – 2.3 Corolla Shape Salverform Salverform Tubular Straight Mostly straight, a few Curved curved Pubescence Sparse Dense Dense Lobe/tube width 4.1–7.6 3.0–5.6 1.6–2.8 Color–tube 80B-C 88D 84C, 85A Tube width (mm) 0.8–1.7 0.9–2.6 1.6–3.0 Lobe width (mm) (5.1) 5.5–8.4 (5.4) 6.1–9.1 4.1–6.1 Color–throat 25A (edge), 28A, 31A 158A, 20C 84C, 85C Orange-yellow Creamy yellow Purplish-white Stamen Length (mm) 12 12 7 Anther color 162A 166A 164A Muddy yellow Dark brown Medium red-brown Filament color 156B 166D,199B Clear, match throat Green-gray Taupe Seed capsules Length (mm) 6–12 6–12 4–6 Width (mm) (0.9) 1.3–2.1 1.9–2.9 (3.4) 2.2–3.6 Length/width 4.6–8.3 (10.8) (2.8) 3.6–4.7 (5.3) 1.1–2.4 ing the hybrid and both parents is presented in juvenile leaves, with less obvious brown pu- lindleyana produced viable seed after self-pol- (Table 1).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A New Application for Phylogenetic Marker Development Using Angiosperm Transcriptomes Author(S): Srikar Chamala, Nicolás García, Grant T
    MarkerMiner 1.0: A New Application for Phylogenetic Marker Development Using Angiosperm Transcriptomes Author(s): Srikar Chamala, Nicolás García, Grant T. Godden, Vivek Krishnakumar, Ingrid E. Jordon- Thaden, Riet De Smet, W. Brad Barbazuk, Douglas E. Soltis, and Pamela S. Soltis Source: Applications in Plant Sciences, 3(4) Published By: Botanical Society of America DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3732/apps.1400115 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.3732/apps.1400115 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. ApApplicatitionsons Applications in Plant Sciences 2015 3 ( 4 ): 1400115 inin PlPlant ScienSciencesces S OFTWARE NOTE M ARKERMINER 1.0: A NEW APPLICATION FOR PHYLOGENETIC 1 MARKER DEVELOPMENT USING ANGIOSPERM TRANSCRIPTOMES S RIKAR C HAMALA 2,12 , N ICOLÁS G ARCÍA 2,3,4 * , GRANT T . G ODDEN 2,3,5 * , V IVEK K RISHNAKUMAR 6 , I NGRID E.
    [Show full text]
  • Butterfly Bush Buddleja Davidii Franch
    Weed of the Week Butterfly Bush Buddleja davidii Franch. Common Names: butterfly bush, orange-eye butterfly bush, summer lilac Native Origin: China Description: A perennial woody shrub with a weeping form that can grow 3-12 feet in height and has a spread of 4-15 feet. Opposite, lance-shaped leaves (6- 10 inches) with margins finely toothed grow on long arching stems. Leaves are gray-green above with lower surface white-tomentose. Small fragrant flowers are borne in long, erect or nodding spikes that are 8-18 inch with cone-shaped clusters that droop in a profusion of color. The flower clusters can be so profuse that they cause the branches to arch even more. Flower colors may be purple, white, pink, or red, and they usually have an orange throat in the center. It spreads by seeds that are produced in abundance and dispersed by the wind. Habitat: Butterfly bush likes well drained, average soil. They thrive in fairly dry conditions once established. Roots may perish in wet soil. Distribution: In the United States, it is recorded in states shaded on the map. Ecological Impacts: It has been planted in landscapes to attract butterflies, bees, moths and birds. It can escape from plantings and become invasive in a variety of habitats such as surface mined lands, coastal forest edges, roadsides, abandoned railroads, rural dumps, stream and river banks to displace native plants. Control and Management: • Manual- Hand pick seedlings or dig out where possible. Big plants may be difficult to dig out. • Chemical- Cut plants and treat stumps with any of several readily available general use herbicides such as triclopyr or glyphosate .
    [Show full text]
  • Butterfly Bush Memo
    To: The City of Somerville, Public Space and Urban Forestry, DPW, Buildings and Grounds Cc: Somerville City Council, John Long, Peter Forcellese, Mayor Curtatone From: Urban Forestry Committee Subject: Butterfly bushes on Prospect Hill and discontinuing their use in plantings We, the Urban Forestry Committee, request that butterfly bush or any of its less invasive varieties (i.e., Buddleja spp., the entire Buddleja genus) not be planted in any of Somerville’s parks, open spaces, civic spaces etc. and that the newly planted butterfly bushes in Prospect Hill be removed. If they cannot be removed before spring, they should be cut back so that seeds do not sow and germinate. Here is the reasoning for our request. Butterfly Bush, Buddleja davidii, is a woody plant from Asia that was brought over because of its beauty and ability to attract butterflies. Because butterflies feast on it, most gardeners believe that it is a helpful plant to have. After all, how could a plant that butterflies seem to love be bad? Butterfly bushes are not inherently bad, no plant is, they are just misplaced. We are in a 6th mass extinction. Our local birds, wildlife, and pollinator populations are in steep decline. Our Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) whose caterpillars feed baby birds are particularly suffering. In order to increase their numbers we need to plant those plants that, in addition to feeding them, will host them so they can reproduce. Butterfly bush may feed a butterfly, but it will never serve to increase their numbers. This would not be a huge problem save for the invasiveness and pervasiveness of these plantsa,b.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of 14 Butterfly Bush Taxa Grown in Western and Southern Florida: II. Seed Production and Germination
    VARIETY TRIALS Evaluation of 14 Butterfl y Bush Taxa Grown in Western and Southern Florida: II. Seed Production and Germination Sandra B. Wilson1, 3, Mack Thetford2, Laurie K. Mecca1, Josiah S. Raymer2, and Judith A. Gersony1 ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS. exotic plants, invasive, ornamentals, but- terfl y bush, Buddleja davidii, Buddleja japonica, Buddleja lindleyana, Buddleja ×weyeriana SUMMARY. Because of its weedy nature, extensive use in the landscape, numer- ous cultivars, and history as an inva- sive plant in other countries, butterfl y bush (Buddleja) was an appropriate candidate to evaluate for seed pro- duction and germination in Florida. Seed production was quantifi ed for 14 butterfl y bush taxa planted in western Florida (Milton) and central southern Florida (Fort Pierce). Each of the 14 taxa evaluated produced seed. In Fort Pierce, japanese butterfl y bush (B. japonica) had the greatest capsule weight and ‘Gloster’ butterfl y bush (B. lindleyana) had the second greatest capsule weight as compared to other taxa. In Milton, ‘Gloster’ had the greatest capsule weight and japanese butterfl y bush and ‘Nanho Alba’ butterfl y bush (B. davidii var. This project was funded by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection and the University of Florida–IFAS Invasive Plant Working Group. Authors gratefully thank Patricia Frey for technical support. Florida Agricultural Experiment Station journal series R-10029. 1University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Environmental Horticulture, Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, FL 34945. 2University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Environmental Horticulture, West Florida Research and Education Center, Milton, FL 32583.
    [Show full text]
  • The Disintegration of the Scrophulariaceae and the Biological Control of Buddleja Davidii
    The disintegration of the Scrophulariaceae and the biological control of Buddleja davidii M.K. Kay,1 B. Gresham,1 R.L. Hill2 and X. Zhang3 Summary The woody shrub buddleia, Buddleja davidii Franchet, is an escalating weed problem for a number of resource managers in temperate regions. The plant’s taxonomic isolation within the Buddlejaceae was seen as beneficial for its biological control in both Europe and New Zealand. However, the re- cent revision of the Scrophulariaceae has returned Buddleja L. to the Scrophulariaceae sensu stricto. Although this proved of little consequence to the New Zealand situation, it may well compromise Eu- ropean biocontrol considerations. Host-specificity tests concluded that the biocontrol agent, Cleopus japonicus Wingelmüller (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), was safe to release in New Zealand. This leaf- feeding weevil proved capable of utilising a few non-target plants within the same clade as Buddleja but exhibited increased mortality and development times. The recent release of the weevil in New Zealand offers an opportunity to safely assess the risk of this agent to European species belonging to the Scrophulariaceae. Keywords: Cleopus, Buddleja, taxonomic revision, phylogeny. Introduction there is no significant soil seed bank. The seed germi- nates almost immediately, and the density and rapid There are approximately 90 species of Buddleja L. early growth of buddleia seedlings suppresses other indigenous to the Americas, Asia and Africa (Leeu- pioneer species (Smale, 1990). wenberg, 1979), and a number have become natural- As a naturalized species, buddleia is a shade-intolerant ized outside their native ranges (Holm et al., 1979). colonizer of urban wastelands, riparian margins and Buddleia, Buddleja davidii Franchet, in particular, is an other disturbed sites, where it may displace indigenous escalating problem for resource managers in temperate species, alter nutrient dynamics and impede access regions and has been identified as a target for classi- (Smale, 1990; Bellingham et al., 2005).
    [Show full text]
  • Production and Invasion of Butterfly Bush (Buddleja Davidii) in Oregon
    Production and Invasion of Butterfly Bush (Buddleja davidii) in Oregon by Julie Ream A PROJECT submitted to Oregon State University University Honors College and Bioresource Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Honors Baccalaureate of Science in Bioresource Research, Sustainable Ecosystems (Honors Scholar) Presented May 31, 2006 Commencement June 2006 AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Julie Ream for the degree of Honors Baccalaureate of Science in Bioresource Research, Sustainable Ecosystems presented on May 31, 2006. Title: Production and Invasion of Butterfly Bush (Buddleja davidii) in Oregon. Abstract approved: ________________________________________________ James Altland ________________________________________________ Mark Wilson Butterfly bush (Buddleja davidii), an ornamental native to China, is an invasive species in Oregon and many other areas. In Oregon, butterfly bush invades disturbed areas, particularly riparian areas. The Oregon nursery industry has the highest farm-gate value of all agricultural commodities and butterfly bush is a significant plant to them. However, the nursery industry does not appear to be a major source of invasion because of their pruning production practices. Butterfly bush is a unique plant because it does not release its seed until mid to late winter. The dispersal mechanisms of butterfly bush are not well documented, but wind is one possibility. Formulations of glyphosate effectively control butterfly bushes up to two years old. Both spraying a dilute herbicide on the
    [Show full text]
  • Three New Species of Eriophyid Mites from Wanglang Nature Reserve, Sichuan, China (Acari: Eriophyidae)
    Zoological Systematics, 43(4): 429–436 (October 2018), DOI: 10.11865/zs.201837 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Three new species of eriophyid mites from Wanglang Nature Reserve, Sichuan, China (Acari: Eriophyidae) Manchao Xie School of Modern Agriculture and Biotechnology, Ankang University, Ankang, Shaanxi 725000, China, E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Three new species of eriophyoid mites from Wanglang Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province, China are described and illustrated, namely Aculops loniceris sp. nov. infesting Lonicera sp. (Caprifoliaceae), Aculus hypoleus sp. nov. infesting Maddenia hypoleuca Koehne (Rosaceae), and Anthocoptes lindleyanius sp. nov. infesting Buddleja lindleyana Fortune and Buddleja davidii Franch. (Scrophulariaceae). All new species described here are vagrants on the undersurfaces of leaves of their host plants. Key words Eriophyoidea, Phyllocoptine, taxonomy, new species, Sichuan Province. 1 Introduction Sichuan Province lies in southwestern China, where the landform is varied, including the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Hengduan Mountains, Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, Qinba Mountains and Sichuan Basin. Following with the elevation from 400 m to 5000 m, the climate and the plants are changed with different terrain. About ten thousand species plants are distributed in Sichuan (Li & Zhang, 2002). Until 2017, only five species of eriophyoid mites have been reported in Sichuan Province, namely, Aceria granti (Canestrini & Massalongo, 1894), Aceria sheldoni chinensis Kuang & Hong, 1991, Shevtchenkella humulus Wei & Qin, 2002, Phyllocoptruta oleivora (Ashmead, 1879) and Aculus ligustri (Keifer, 1938). Wanglang Nature Reserve lies in Pingwu County, Sichuang, China, where the giant panda and other rare animals and the forest ecosystem are protected. In 2016, a field survey for insects is conducted in Wanglang Nature Reserve. A few eriophyid mites specimens are collected by the author from leaves of wild plants in the survey.
    [Show full text]
  • Buddleja Alternifolia
    Asian Journal of Research in Biosciences 3(2): 57-62, 2021; Article no.AJORIB.494 A Review on Alternate-leaved Butterfly-bush: Buddleja alternifolia Hussein A. H. Said-Al Ahl1, Wafaa M. Hikal2,3* and Kirill G. Tkachenko4 1Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt. 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, P.O.Box 741, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia. 3Department of Water Pollution Research, Laboratory of Parasitology, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt. 4V. L. Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2 Prof. Popova St., Saint Petersburg 197376, Russia. Authors’ contributions This work was carried out in collaboration among all authors. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Received 02 May 2021 Review Article Accepted 07 July 2021 Published 10 July 2021 ABSTRACT The current review sheds light on plants of the genus Buddleja, specifically Buddleja alternifolia, due to it not mentioned much and its medicinal qualities and uses thanks to its chemical components. Our review comprises these aspects include specie belonging to the genus Buddleja and the important chemical compounds such as steroids, Sesquiterpenes, iridoids, lignans, flavonoids and others. In addition, listing and reviewing the studies that have been done on a group of these plants on biological competencies, including many of the potent biologically active natural products isolated from Genus Buddleja, which is known for having many important pharmacologically active substances.Traditionally, species of the genus are reported to be used for healing, treatment of liver diseases, bronchial complaints, preventing several other diseases by exhibiting diuretic properties, sedative functions, analgesic potential, antirheumatic actions, antimicrobial activities, anti hyperglycemic functions and antioxidant properties.
    [Show full text]
  • Invasive Species Categorization for the Lower Hudson
    Invasive Species Categorization for the Lower Hudson The following document presents the species categorizations for invasive plants in the Lower Hudson region of the Lower Hudson Partnership for Regional Invasive Species Management. The Lower Hudson region encompasses New York county (Manhattan), Bronx, Westchester, Putnam, Dutchess, Rockland, Orange and the lower half of Ulster (divided by Route 206). Species are categorized into Tiers according to a standard state-wide system. New York State ranking evaluations are given for species where they exist. NYS Ranks with an asterisk (*) indicate updated ranks as of 12/22/16. This list should not be considered complete. Additional species will be evaluated and categorized as time allows. Currently the list primarily includes terrestrial plants, however it is the intention to include other groups and taxa over time. Our categorization decisions have been based on currently known and recorded distributions as well as local expert knowledge of invasive species occurrences. Most species’ distributions are incompletely reported -- everyone can help to provide a better picture of the current distributions by reporting observations to the New York State invasive species database, iMapInvasives (http://imapinvasives.org ). If you disagree with the assigned category or would like us to consider species which are not addressed here, you may send a note explaining your reasoning to [email protected] to be considered by the Lower Hudson PRISM focal species working group prior to the 2018 season. The current members of the Lower Hudson PRISM focal species working group include: Linda Rohleder, Daniel Atha, David Decker, Tait Johansson, Tom Lewis, and Chris Mangels.
    [Show full text]
  • Demonstration Garden Plant List
    Alameda County Master Gardeners Plant List Earth Friendly (made easy) Demonstration Garden OPAC- Plant is on the MG Outstanding SD-No summer water Location Key Plants for Alameda County or More required beyond what is FS-All day minimum 8 H-Butterfly Garden - NE corner of Garden Outstaning Plants Brochure naturally available hours of sun M- Berms/Mound gardens (South) UCD All Star- Plant is on UC Davis Low-Some summer PS-filtered light or 4-5 Season R-Rock Garden - ( Center East) Arboretum All Stars for the CA Central water – Deep soaking hours of sun Year every 3-4 weeks ie F06 for F- Flower ( Center West) Valley S-less than 3 hours of Fall of 2006 W- Wind - ( North West) UCD Trial- Plant is part of test trials for Mod – Summer water sun O- under the Oak ( South West) the state new plant introductions. required – Deep soaking + multiple locations every week Water Req. Sun Req. BOTANICAL NAME COMMON NAME Loc QTY Remarks SD Ø Low Mod S FS PS S Native Planted Agave parryi Agave R 1 Ø ∆ ☼ F12 Aloe spp Aloe R/O + Various species Ø ∆ ☼ + Alstroemeria hybrids Peruvian Lily F/R 6 OPAC “ ∆ S ☼ + Amaryllis belladonna Naked Lady/Surprise Lily F/M/O + Ø ∆ ☼ Aquilegia eximia Serpentine Columbine F/W + UCD AllStar, UCD Trial ∆ S CA Native Sp07 Arbutus unedo 'Marina' Strawberry Tree H/W 2 OPAC2 “ Ø ∆ ☼ F06 Arctostaphylos densiflora 'Howard McMinn' Vine Hill Manzanita M 3 OPAC UCD AllStar Ø ∆ ☼ CA Native F11 Arctostaphylos 'Emerald Carpet' Emerald Carpet Manzanita O 3 OPAC “ Ø ∆ ☼ CA Native W08 Arctostaphylos spp.
    [Show full text]
  • State of Kansas Invasive Plant Species List
    KANSAS Invasive Plant Species List – 2017 Regional Condition 2 Plants – 466 Species Common Name Scientific Name # of Counties absinth wormwood Artemisia absinthium 1 African mustard Strigosella africana 1 alfalfa Medicago sativa 105 alligatorweed Alternanthera philoxeroides 1 alsike clover Trifolium hybridum 18 American burnweed Erechtites hieraciifolius 42 Amur honeysuckle Lonicera maackii 14 annual bluegrass Poa annua 45 annual sowthistle Sonchus oleraceus 10 annual wormwood Artemisia annua 4 apple-of-Peru Nicandra physalodes 3 Asiatic dayflower Commelina communis 20 autumn olive Elaeagnus umbellata 3 babysbreath Gypsophila paniculata 1 bald brome Bromus racemosus 29 balloonvine Cardiospermum halicacabum 9 balsamapple Momordica charantia 1 barley Hordeum vulgare 1 barnyardgrass Echinochloa crus-galli 90 bermudagrass Cynodon dactylon 78 biennial wormwood Artemisia biennis 13 big chickweed Cerastium fontanum ssp. vulgare 34 bigpod sesbania Sesbania herbacea 4 bigroot morning-glory Ipomoea pandurata 30 birdsfoot trefoil Lotus corniculatus 10 birdsrape mustard Brassica rapa 26 bittersweet nightshade Solanum dulcamara 1 bittersweets Celastrus spp. 62 Black dog-strangling vine, black swallowwort Vincetoxicum nigrum 4 black medic Medicago lupulina 98 black mustard Brassica nigra 37 bladder campion Silene latifolia ssp. alba 4 bladder campion Silene vulgaris 3 bladder senna Colutea arborescens 1 blue lettuce Lactuca tatarica 31 blue mustard Chorispora tenella 55 border privet Ligustrum obtusifolium 4 bouncingbet Saponaria officinalis 50 Brazilian
    [Show full text]
  • Cleopus Japonicus: Releases and Distribution of the Buddleia Biological Control Agent in New Zealand
    Weed control 155 Cleopus japonicus: releases and distribution of the buddleia biological control agent in New Zealand M.C. Watson, T.M. Withers and M. Heaphy Scion, Private Bag 3020, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract The buddleia leaf weevil, Cleopus japonicus, was released in New Zealand by Scion in 2006 as a biological control agent for the weed Buddleja davidii. One thousand C. japonicus adults were released at each of five commercial forest sites in the North Island. A further 33 releases of approximately 14,910 C. japonicus were made between 2006 and 2011 in the North and South Islands, on both privately- and publically-owned land and sites of conservation importance. The weevil is known to have established at all sites, with the possible exception of one release made in 2007. Location data of C. japonicus provided by local and regional councils, DOC, forest health officers and others have provided information on the spread of C. japonicus. These data show C. japonicus has spread over 50 km from some release sites and is rapidly increasing in population density and distribution. Keywords buddleia leaf weevil, Cleopus japonicus, Buddleja davidii, dispersal, distribution maps. INTRODUCTION The buddleia leaf weevil, Cleopus japonicus during the establishment phase of plantation Wingelmüller was first released in New Zealand forests. as a biological control agent for the weed Cleopus japonicus is native to central China. buddleia (Buddleja davidii Franchet) in October The larvae and adults feed on the surface of 2006 (Gresham et al. 2009). Buddleja davidii is buddleia leaves and cause heavily damaged leaves an invasive weed in exotic and indigenous forests to drop (Zhang et al.
    [Show full text]