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farming the day Angolan Catch of Fishing on Fishing the Kwanza Crop ready The boom in AUTUMN 2009 INSIDE: oil and gas news Joy of texts How mobile phones are changing Africa Universo

SONANGOL UNIVERSO ISSUE 23 – AUTUMN 2009 SU23-cover:Layout 1 10/8/09 18:07 Page 1 Page 18:07 10/8/09 1 SU23-cover:Layout SU23.contents.pp2-3:SU23 10/8/09 19:07 Page 2

CONTENTS

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Universo is the international Photolibrary magazine of Sonangol

Board Members Manuel Vicente (President), Anabela Fonseca, Mateus de Brito, Fernando Roberto, Francisco de Lemos

Sonangol Department for Communication & Image Director João Rosa Santos

Corporate Communications Assistants Letter from the editor Nadiejda Santos, Lúcio Santos, Cristina Novaes, José Mota, ay before Angola was known as Beatriz Silva, Paula Almeida, a country rich in hydrocarbons, www.FlyCastaway.com/Gerhard Laubscher Sandra Teixeira, Marta Sousa W it was known for its fertile arable land and lush climate. It is remarkable to 18 38

Publisher Kamene M Traça think that Angola used to be the fourth iStockphoto Sheila O’Callaghan biggest producer of coffee in the world, Editor with the areas around Kwanza Sul espe- 24 Alex Bellos cially productive. However, farming was Art Director difficult during the civil war. David Gould Now there is peace, the agricultural Sub Editor sector is growing fast. In this issue we have Ron Gribble a special report on the government’s plans Advertising Design to become self-sufficient by 2012. Angola Bernd Wojtczack needs to diversify from its reliance on Circulation Manager petrol and diamonds to avoid being so Matthew Alexander vulnerable to fluctuations in the interna- Project Consultants tional commodities markets. 8 JOY TESSMAN Nathalie MacCarthy Another natural resource is fish. Kamene M Traça Mauro Perillo Angolan waters have lots of fish. Big fish. Group President The country has great potential as a tourist 4 National content in A SPECIAL REPORT ON 18 Upwardly mobile John Charles Gasser destination for attracting sports fisherman Angola AGRICULTURE IN ANGOLA How the mobile phone industry is Sonangol News Universo is produced by Impact Media – and, as we report, is already catching the booming in Angola, and how new Custom Publishing. The views expressed in eye of international anglers who come 5 Readers’ letters 8 Green shoots communications technology is 36 Sonangol the publication are not necessarily those of here for the threadfin, dorado and tarpon. A ten-page feature about the state of helping Africa news briefing Sonangol or the publishers. Reproduction in Meanwhile, Sonangol is pushing 6 Angola news briefing farming in Angola and government whole or in part without prior permission is ahead on many fronts. It recently an- President dos Santos attends plans to become self-sufficient in 24 Origin of the species 38 Order and progress prohibited. nounced a sponsorship deal for a new type the G8 summit in Italy; Angola’s food by 2012. Millions of dollars are The San – or bushmen – of Angola An interview with Vicente This magazine is distributed to a closed of motor racing called Superleague For- stock market to open soon; being invested in the agricultural are the focus of an amazing study Inácio, QHSE manager circulation. To receive a free copy: mula, which means its logo will be seen by Portuguese coach to run sector by the Angolan government, as of genetic data [email protected] sports fans around the world. On a domes- national football team; Russian well as by the US, China and Israel. 42 Lab fab Circulation: 17,000 tic note, a state-of-the-art laboratory has president visits Angola; Trienal Angola’s climate, rainfall and soil gives 28 Click clique A peek at Sonangol’s new opened in Luanda. And as Angola’s presi- de Luanda art event to take it excellent potential for crops includ- A film project on the San by laboratory dency of Opec heads into the second half place next year; new airline for ing potatoes, maize and pineapples Namibian Richard Pakleppa of its one-year term, the price of a barrel of domestic flights staffed by 44 Top of the league oil is back to a respectable level. Across the British Airways pilots Sonangol is sponsoring Super- 53 Chandos Place, 14 Coffee: a special brew 30 Gotcha! London WC2N 4HS board, the view looks good. The aromatic beans are making a Angola is a paradise for sports league Formula, a new sport Tel + 44 20 7812 6400 7 Figured out comeback fisherman looking to catch huge mixing cars and football Fax +44 20 7812 6413 A snapshot of Angola in fish such as tarpon, dorado, [email protected] numbers 16 Bananas: the yellow road Atlantic threadfin, Crevalle 50 The Big Picture Cover: Kamene M Traça Plantation plans jack, sailfin and blue marlin Angola’s rivers

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EDITORIAL READERS’ LETTERS

National content in Angola British support ended, our bilateral trade and invest- facilitated visits to the UK by Angolan Dear Sir ment relationship with Angola has grown companies looking to meet potential In June, I joined many colleagues and at an extraordinary rate. This growth is British investors. A statement by Sonangol’s Negotiations Directorate members of the Angolan community to reflected in the staggering volume of the In fields ranging from sports and celebrate the birthday of our Queen, UK’s foreign direct investment in Angola leisure to hydrocarbon exploration, the ngola is the second-biggest oil Angolan oil industry will need to deal with making it crucial and urgent for Elizabeth II. This occasion was special – the UK being the second-largest in- UK is participating in the reconstruction producer in sub-Saharan Africa in order to reach acceptable national Angola to train engineers en masse in for us since it coincided with the visit vestor in Angola with total investments and development of Angola. My country A after Nigeria, having the capacity content results is the shortage of a skilled all the different subjects and technical of our Minister for Africa, Lord Malloch- valued at over $12 billion. Presently, the is a willing partner, supporting Angola’s to produce 2.1 million barrels per day and technically-educated Angolan specialties. Brown, a living symbol of our commit- balance of trade is heavily in Angola’s efforts to rebuild and diversify its (bpd). Restrictions imposed by Opec, workforce. In fact, the existing Angolan The country also needs to invest in ment to strengthening the history of favour with Angolan exports to the UK up economy and British companies have which it joined in 2007, limits its produc- educational institutions have not been the construction of technological and friendship and co-operation between by an astounding 285 per cent in 2008. the experience and ability to respond to tion to an average of 1.6 million bpd. able to meet the labour demands of the scientific research institutes and to the UK and Angola. I believe Angola will certainly con- the exacting demands of these require- In 2008, the Angolan oil and gas in- oil industry in either quantity or quality. encourage, through incentives and/or The UK is keen to broaden and tinue to attract British investment. In ments. It is my desire to see increased en- dustry, which contributes around 83 per This problem calls for an integrated obligations, the engineering companies deepen our relationship with Angola. 2008 our government renewed export gagement with Angolan interlocutors on cent of the country’s gross domestic prod- solution from both the petroleum and the to transfer part of their operations to This includes supporting the Angolan credit cover worth more than $70 million international issues that affect both uct, registered investments of about $5.4 education sectors, a solution that must Angola and to create centres of excellence. government’s plans for economic diversi- for Angola. I have also seen in the last of our countries. billion in oil exploration, development first determine the long-term needs, and With regards to Angola’s industrial fication, and developing co-operation in couple of years several British trade dele- Pat Phillips projects and production activities. second ensure that the conditions are in and manufacturing capacity, its develop- areas of shared interest and concern. gations visiting the country – and many British Ambassador However, Angola’s success story in place to turn out sufficient numbers of ment and expansion should be based on In the seven years since the civil war more intend to come. Likewise, we have Luanda becoming a major oil producer is under- trained Angolan workers with the right oil and gas industry projects scheduled for mined by the poor national content qualifications. One way to achieve this ob- the medium and long term, as the existing Houston, Texas results that it has achieved in the past 30 jective is to promote co-operation be- yards and logistic bases need to continue Valentim Amões, Prodiaman, Prodoil years. This has led to an oil and gas indus- tween educational institutions and the to improve and expand to meet the de- and Test Angola. try dominated by foreign companies, a major players of the oil industry. mands for goods, services and space. Kudissanga will host the high percentage of expatriate workers The development of local suppliers The industrial business opportunities second annual conference and jobs fair (particularly in technical and supervisory is another issue. Limited technical capac- are many and varied as most of the mate- in Houston, Texas, in April 2010. The roles) and a reduced number of Angolan ity, lack of information about business rials and equipment are manufactured number of Angolans formally educated suppliers of goods and services capable of opportunities and bids procedures, and assembled outside Angola. Industry in the US continues to rise, and we hope addressing the needs of the industry. deficiency in basic management practices and the petroleum sector will need to more companies will begin to recruit In the last few years, a number of and difficulty accessing credit, are some work together to identify what can be tham and view them as essential joint initiatives by the Angolan Oil of the common problems of local manufactured and assembled, and assets to their companies’ operation Ministry and Sonangol, the state-owned companies. repaired and maintained in Angola. Also and success. oil and gas concessionaire, have tried to The challenge for the Oil Ministry and important is the identification of the raw Maria da Cruz address these concerns, pressuring oil Sonangol is to identify and implement ac- materials used in the oil activities in Executive Director companies to source from local busi- tions for increasing the capacity of these country in order to promote their explo- US-Angola Chamber of Commerce nesses and to increase the number of companies to ensure their competitive- ration at home and set up production Angolan staff, but with limited results. ness in terms of price, quality, delivery and supply networks in Angola. Political stability and an economic and execution times. The setting-up of In conclusion, the national content boom have brought back to the agenda one official database for local vendors and issues of the Angolan oil industry call for the need to have a solid national content the establishment of certification proce- an integrated strategy that promotes the iStockphoto strategy. There is an imperative to achieve dures and local supplier development co-operation of all sectors involved (e.g. three important goals: programmes are basic solutions that can education and industry) in collaboration Living in the US Angolans living in the US eager to return First, to review the organisational easily be implemented. with the major oil operators and the inter- Dear Sir home to assist Angola with its continu- structure of the Director Committee, a Some Angolan companies have been national service companies, and the revi- Earlier this year, in commemoration of ing efforts to increase economic devel- steering body created in 2005 by the able to establish partnerships with foreign sion of the existing legal, commercial and Angola’s seven years of peace, Kudis- opment. Oil Ministry to co-ordinate all matters companies that have technical expertise. contractual framework in order to include sanga, the Angola Community Associa- Established in 1991 to promot trade related to local content in the Angolan oil However, it has been difficult to persuade more efficient incentives and obligations tion in Washington, D.C., organised the and investment between America and Getty Images industry; second, to revise and update the those companies to transfer their engi- regarding national content. first annual conference and jobs fair of Angola, the US-Angola Chamber of US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton was due to travel to Angola in August existing related legislation; and third, to neering capacity to Angola, so nowadays There is also a need to identify the Conference of the Angolan Diaspora Commerce (USACC) was pleased to have a master plan that identifies the ob- almost all engineering projects are national content targets and have an in the US. The theme of the conference support this initiative spearheaded by We welcome your opinions. If you would like jectives, strategies, measurable targets executed overseas. active official body to control the results was “Angolans in the United States of Kudissanga. The following USACC mem- to have a letter published, please email and actions to be taken to increase the Engineering capacity is closely linked achieved and propose counter measures. America: How to Contribute to a Better bers participated in the jobs fair: [email protected]. Letters may national content in the industry. to the limited number of Angolan These are the main issues of the philoso- Angola!” The event was well attended by Ancose, Chevron, Baker Energy, Grupo be edited for length. One of the challenges that the engineers available in the work market, phy for the national content strategy.

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Figured Angola news briefing out

Dos Santos at G8 Friendly Kremlin Angolan President José phasised that Africa had Stock up soon Russian President Dmitry Eduardo dos Santos was been greatly impacted by Angola’s long-awaited stock market could Medvedev visited Angola on his 1.2m tonnes first tour of Africa, underlining the one of a handful of African the global economic crisis. open before the end of the year, according to amount of cement Angola’s Nova strength of the relationship between leaders representing their He called for energy-pro- media reports. The launch of the exchange Cimangola company plans to the two countries. Medvedev met countries at the G8 sum- ducing and consuming had been expected to take place in the first produce in 2009 mit – the meeting of the countries to work together quarter of the year, but the global financial President dos Santos for talks which world’s richest nations – in to ensure a stable oil price crisis prompted many Angolan firms to hold focused on boosting trade and eco- Italy in July. Dos Santos “in order for it not to put at back from listing. However, the chairman of nomic ties and led to the signing of a took part in a number of stake the performance of the Capital Markets Commission Angolan number of bilateral agreements. In discussions with global our economies”. He also stock exchange, Cruz de Lima, told Reuters one of the six agreements signed in leaders and heads of asked for more to be done that the regulatory framework for the Luanda Luanda, Russia said it would help financial and policy institu- internationally to ensure Stock Exchange would soon be approved and place in orbit Angola’s first satellite, tions such as the World food security in order to a board for the CMC appointed which would branded Angosat. 680number of exhibitors who took part Bank and the International help the poorest nations, pave the way for the opening. As many as 50 in the annual Luanda International Monetary Fund (IMF). and he underlined his state and privately-owned Angolan companies Bottoms up! Trade Fair, or Filda, in July Speaking after his meeting interest in green energy are expected to list on the exchange. Brewing giant SABMiller is on with IMF President Do- and preserving the course to open a new $125 million minique Strauss-Kahn, environment through brewery in the Angolan capital Luanda, as dos Santos said: “The IMF development of alternative part of ongoing investment in the country. is not the same institution energy sources. The SABMiller, which currently bottles Coca it used to be and is a lot other African countries Cola at two sites in Angola, will begin 22.7% more flexible.” Angola and invited to the G8 summit producing a lager product at a new of Angolans are involved in early-stage the IMF, he said, were in L’Aquila were South brewery just north of Luanda in October. start ups – according to the 2008 entering into the first Africa, Egypt, Ghana The investment will take its spending in Global Enterprise Monitor survey phase of a new relation- and Senegal. Angola’s Angola over the last 18 months to $250 ship and an IMF delega- presence at the meeting million and the number employed by its tion was expected to visit was seen as a strong joint-venture partner Empresa Cervejas Angola soon. Dos Santos acknowledgment of the de N’gola to over 2,000 across five brew- ery and bottling facilities.

used his presence at the country’s economic, social iStockphoto President dos meeting to call for better and political progress $600m Santos, centre, financial regulation within since the end of its civil value of the investment in the stands next to the G8 countries and em- war in 2002. Soccer boss Comandante Gika complex, the President Obama

AFP/Getty Images Portuguese football coach Manuel José biggest construction project in (pictured) has been hired to run the Palancas Luanda, which will feature Lift off Negras as they prepare to host the 2010 apartments, offices, shops and a Angola is to gain a new air Arty party Africa Cup of Nations tournament in January. five-star hotel carrier that will link its major The 2010 Trienal de Luanda contemporary-art After failing to qualify for the World Cup in cities and business hubs. London- event will take place next year between Sep- South Africa, Angola, under the management listed company Lonrho is behind tember and December and will include 200 of Mabi de Almeida, hit hard times and suf- Fly 540, which will operate out of events representing 14 different cultural disci- fered a string of defeats against Mali and the northern oil hub Cabinda but plines. Called Emotional Geographies – Art Cape Verde and a 0-0 draw with Namibia. In will have links to the capital and Artefacts, the trienal will have events in June, the Angolan Football Federation an- Luanda and to other cities includ- Luanda, Namibe, Benguela, Huambo and nounced that Manuel José, renowned for his $1bn amount Angola is spending in ing Huambo, Benguela, Soyo and Lubango and will feature artists from Angola, trophy haul at Egyptian side Al-Ahly, would be preparing the country for the 2010 Lubango. The Angolan franchise other parts of Africa and around the world. taking over the job. With just a few months to Africa Cup of Nations tournament of Fly 540 will be staffed princi- The 2007 Trienal de Luanda put Angola on go to restore the team’s confidence and build including new stadiums and pally by former British Airways the contemporary-art map and the 2010 a winning side, José has said that he will work revamps of airports and cities pilots. Fly 540 already operates in event will reinforce its strong position within hard to get the team as far in the competition Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania and the African and global art scene. as possible. Photolibrary Getty Images South Africa. iStockphoto

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AGRICULTURE

Fruits of labour: Bananas are plentiful in Angola and could soon be grown for export GREEN

SHOOTSAngola is hoping to restore its position as a breadbasket of Africa ➔ Photolibrary

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AGRICULTURE

ngola is best known for its oil and microcredit for seeds, tools and fertilisers. diamonds, but in years gone by it “The government sees farming as a A was also a major exporter of coffee, top priority that will enable us to solve our maize, sugar and rice. food problem,” says Minister of Agriculture Three decades of civil war destroyed Pedro Canga. “The country has great poten- much of the farming industry, littered the tial in terms of land and water resources, countryside with landmines and saw and it is now rebuilding infrastructure such millions flee to the cities for safety. But now, as roads in order to create an environment seven years into peace and with Angola that is favourable for investments in the Benjamin Lowy/Corbis politically and economically stable, things farming sector.” are very different. The government hopes As well as reducing reliance on food to restore the country’s reputation as a imports – which push up prices and are breadbasket of Africa with an ambitious part of the reason why container ships are spending plan and a target of self-suffi- always queuing up in the Port of Luanda – ciency by 2012. revitalising agriculture has three long-term benefits for the country. The first is to diver- Revitalise sify the extractives-based economy which International money is also pouring into has taken a hit during the recent fall in the country. Fruit conglomerate Chiquita is commodity prices. The second is to help investing in banana plantations and the the millions of Angolans who still live in coffee industry is being revitalised. In addi- poverty as a result of the war by creating tion, there are Israeli-run farms, plans for jobs and livelihoods. The third is to encour- Vietnamese rice-growing initiatives and age those who fled to urban areas during trials of a new lager made from locally- the conflict to return home. grown root vegetables. Credit lines of millions of dollars from Vulnerable countries including China, as well as part- The focus on agriculture has been nerships with a number of Israeli compa- welcomed by economists who have long nies, are helping to bankroll Angola’s been calling on Angola to diversify. “Depen- Local branch: women in Benguela loading agricultural development. dence on just one or two products, like oil bananas onto trucks The Aldeia Nova (New Village) project and diamonds, makes the economy to be sold at markets is a joint government and Israel business extremely vulnerable to the forces of inter- Alison Bird initiative which aims to promote better national markets and has an impact on the production and cultivation methods. The long-term development of a country,” says Food for thought Aldeia Nova in Waku Kungo, Kwanza Sul, Ricardo Gazel, World Bank senior econo- covers 17,000 hectares and includes eight mist in Angola. “Diversifying the economy Angola’s good climate and rainfall gives villages. Seven more are under construc- into labour-intensive areas like agriculture it excellent agricultural potential. tion, each focusing on separate areas such is the key for Angola’s long-term develop- as dairy, egg production or the breeding of ment.” The wide range of fruits and vegetables poultry, pigs and cattle. More Aldeia Novas The focus on rural development was that grow easily here includes bananas, are planned. the theme of this year’s Luanda Interna- carrots, cassava, maize, cabbage, lettuce,

Other initiatives are also being set up tional Trade Fair, or Filda. Agriculture has Melanie Acevedo tomatoes, potatoes, sweet potatoes, around the country providing training and dominated local headlines with a series of plantains, peppers, aubergines, squash, jobs and offering small farmers access to high-profile government conferences  courgettes and pineapples.

The Angolan government is aiming to increase agricultural production by 12 per Diversifying the economy into cent in 2009 – focusing on staples such as labour-intensive areas like agricul- maize and cassava. Agriculture is currently worth 3 to 4 per ture is key for Angola’s long-term cent of GDP. The plan is to increase this to 10 per cent in the next five years. development Ricardo Gazel, World Bank senior economist

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New beer: Peroni distributor One scheme is developing a local lager which aims to help farmers Louie Psihoyos/Science Faction/Corbis gain a stable “income is a project to make a lager with cassava, a locally-grown root vegetable Plough time: John Deere tractors Getty Images/Stringer and debates about farming and the coun- Following the success of a sorghum As well as the farming companies Angola’s president, José Eduardo dos tryside. beer brewed in Uganda called Eagle, brew- themselves, a new market is opening up for Santos, recently drew praise from Jacques The newly-formed Secretariat for Rural ing giant SABMiller is now working on a agricultural products. Diouf, the director general of the United Development (Seder) is promoting an agro- cassava-influenced lager which is to be sold Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation, rural revitalisation plan, boosting rural in Angola on a trial basis. “As well as creat- Potential who said: “I am very happy with the priority services such as schools and medical” posts ing a new product for the market, it is creat- In May, a US trade delegation visited that President dos Santos and the Angolan as well as creating jobs and improving ing a demand for manioc plants locally and Angola. Among the group was Heather government have been giving to the farm- transport links. the idea is that we will help the farmers get Ranck, from the US Department of Com- ing sector, in particular to the family agri- Seder’s head of planning Altemiro set up and offer them any technical advice merce’s agribusiness team, whose job is to culture.” Diogo says that livelihoods are at the they need,” says a company spokesman. promote companies like tractor maker John However, amid the fanfare and mil- heart of the policy. “The rural economy SABMiller, which makes Coca Cola and Deere. She said: “Agriculturally, Angola has lion-dollar plans, local voices are also call- is extremely important for the development other soft drinks and distributes lagers such what you need to be successful: good soil, ing for careful planning and consideration Angolan spuds: potato farmers in Huambo of this country because a large number of as Castle and Peroni in Angola, also hopes good rainfall and lots of land. And from a about how rural development schemes are the population live in rural areas,” he says. the country’s sugar production will go up as business point of view it is a very exciting managed. Sérgio Calundungo, head of “Only with the development of these the company currently imports ten time. Some US companies I contacted Angolan NGO Action for Rural Develop- areas can we say that that the country is container loads a day. before visiting Angola told me they were ment and Environment, welcomes the developing. A lot of people live off subsis- Chiquita is the other big name hoping already doing business here; they had investment but says it is vital that money is tence farming, but we need to create con- to get a foot in the Angolan agricultural already seen the potential. not just thrown at municipalities. ditions so that the people can earn more door. Its joint venture with Escom (a mem- “As the commercial farming sector “It’s very important to find what peo- money from their work and improve their ber of Grupo Espírito Santo) is developing a gets developed, I think the smallholder ple in these communities need. You can’t lives.” banana plantation in Benguela province, farmers can also tap into these develop- just find one solution and apply it all over already a traditional banana area, and off ments and benefit. For instance, when new the country. Each village is different. It Home brews the back of that thousands of new jobs. seeds and fertilisers are procured on a large might seem a good idea to give a village a One such scheme which aims to help farm- Michael Nehrbass, a programme offi- scale, they are cheaper and smallholders tractor, but who is going to drive that trac- ers gain a stable income is a project to make cer for USAID, which supports a number of can share in that lower price.” tor? Who will service it? And if the tractor a lager with cassava, a locally-grown root agricultural schemes in Angola, says: “The A lot of work is going on in rural com- spreads the seeds, what will the women and vegetable. The hops used in most lagers are fact that Chiquita is here shows Angola’s munities to boost agriculture and liveli- children do because that is traditionally not indigenous to Africa and are expensive potential. It will create jobs not just for the hoods under the auspices of NGOs like their job?” to import. This is also an acknowledgment plantation workers but also for pallet mak- World Vision and agencies such as USAID. Angola’s agricultural relaunch will not of the popularity of home brews, often ers, transporters and all the support serv- There are already a number of successful happen overnight, but the right steps are made from grains such as millet and ices this industry demands. Dole Food farming co-operatives, training schemes being made. If the country can begin to re- sorghum, which are substantially cheaper Company and Del Monte have also been and microcredit systems up and running duce its reliance on imported food and help than the blond-style Western lager sold in looking at opportunities in Angola, so there which are changing people’s lives for the to diversify the economy, livelihoods will

USAID the country. is a lot going on here.” better. improve. 

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Coffee: a special brew

ngola was once the fourth giving free coffee plants to small the reasons that Angola’s coffee largest exporter of coffee farmers to encourage them to get back plantations were so successful. A in the world after Brazil, into growing. The main coffee-growing “The incentive for farmers has to be Colombia and the Ivory Coast, and its areas are Kwanza Sul, Uíge in the north the price. If the price is high enough distinctive robusta Amboim bean from and Huambo in the central highlands. and they can make money, coffee will Kwanza Sul was widely sought after. The difference in soil and climate do well here.” In 1974, just before independence, from area to area means the beans Pascoal Miranda, co-ordinator of Angola produced 228,000 tonnes of cultivated are distinct and the plan is Inca’s coffee rehabilitation project in coffee with 2,500 large commercial to market these different tastes and Gabela, is more optimistic. “Angolan farms and 250,000 smaller farmers in- qualities. USAID and Chevron are coffee has a good future,” he says. “I volved in its production. By 1985, there financing ProAgro, a $5.7 million think that with the projects we’re were just 34 state-owned farms pro- agricultural programme working with implementing, our processes are ducing a mere 8,890 tonnes. coffee producers in Kwanza Sul and going to be commercialised and I “There is such a rich history of banana growers in Benguela. believe they will play a major part in coffee here in Angola, but now produc- In Gabela, Kwanza Sul, a team from the development of the country. tion is barely a few per cent of what it the Cooperative League of the United “Coffee is not going to run out like was during independence,” says States of America (Clusa) is helping oil. It employs a large workforce and Michael Nehrbass, an agricultural smallholders get business and brings in money, and I am sure our specialist with USAID. technical know-how and access to country can only gain from growing However, aware of the country’s bank credit. coffee. great coffee potential, the government ProAgro has also been working to “Our robusta coffee from Angola is has pledged to invest $150 million over link Angolan producers with interna- unique. It is grown in the mountains, it the next four years. The plan is to tional exporters. “To earn money from has its own flavour and what we make increase output to 50,000 tonnes a year coffee you need to have a very big farm here is all 100 per cent organic with no by 2013 on the back of a scheme to and be very organised; that’s the additives.” train farmers and modernise coffee challenge,” says Estêvão Rodrigues, Next time you are buying coffee in production across the nation. Clusa’s Angola representative. “In colo- Angola, forget the expensive imports Part of the investment includes the nial times, there was a different sort of and try some tastier and organic home- Angolan National Coffee Institute (Inca) labour force available and that’s one of grown varieties.  Photolibrary AFP/Getty Images Photolibrary Photolibrary

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Bananas: the yellow road

ananas are one of the very few company could import bananas into things in which Angola is self- Angola for less than it was paying for Bsufficient. There are thousands them locally. of hectares of both dessert and plan- However, exports could soon tain (cooking) banana plantations, become a reality with Angolan bananas mostly in the southern province of being sold in European supermarkets Benguela, but they also grow wild up and beyond. Banana giant Chiquita, in Uíge. along with Portuguese conglomerate Flatbed lorries fill the roads as they Escom and its Angolan partner drive up into Luanda with huge curved Hipergesta, are in the process of creat- bunches of freshly-picked bananas. ing a banana plantation in Benguela. Bananas, however, are quite difficult to Planting is expected to begin later this Alison Bird grow commercially on a small scale. year with the first commercial exports They are perishable and fragile, so to start in 2010. need to be handled with care. Clumsy While Chiquita will not be providing Once we get transportation can cause blemishes, capital, the company will be supporting which is unattractive to customers. the project with expertise in farm the banana Logistical problems such as a lack development, good agricultural prac- sector going, of good transport, bad roads and a tices, the training of local workers, congested port all add to the difficul- logistics, marketing and distribution there’s hope for ties of getting high quality fruit into the to European markets. marketplace, and exportation com- On a smaller scale, the Co-opera- “other fruit too like pounds these challenges. tive League of the United States of Because of the high levels of waste, America (Clusa), thanks to funding citrus fruit and bananas grown in Angola are not from USAID and Chevron, is working cheap. A trial export deal with the with smallholders in Benguela to help pineapples. It’s South African-based supermarket them increase their yields and to set up a big hope chain Shoprite failed because the co-operatives to boost their buying and Estêvão Rodrigues, Clusa selling powers.

“The challenge is to increase the Photolibrary yield,” says Estêvão Rodrigues, Clusa’s Angola representative. “By using better plants, taking better care of them and by moving from flood irrigation” to micro-sprinkle irrigation, you can increase yields from 25 tonnes a hectare to 50. I definitely think bananas will do well here, especially if the ex- porting mechanisms are put in place. For instance, we need a specific ba- nana terminal at the Port of Lobito, which would get the fruit out quicker, rather than taking it up the long road to Luanda and then into the congested port there. “Once we get the banana sector going, there’s hope for other fruit too, like pineapples and citrus fruit. It’s a big hope.”  Photolibrary Alison Bird Alison Bird Photolibrary

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MOBILE PHONES

UPWARDLY

MOBILEAngola’s booming mobile phone industry is changing lives, reports Nina Hobson he mobile phone is a success story in An example of this is the renovation war against the spread of infection. For Angola. Since the licensing of mobile package for Huambo province, in which the example, the Angolan National Institute for Toperators began in 2000, the market rural municipality of Mungo, about 120km the Fight Against Aids (INLS) sends out text has boomed. There are two companies, from its provincial capital, has been priori- messages that provide information relating Movicel and Unitel. Movicel has about 2.5 tised for connection to both Angolan to the disease. million users and Unitel about five million mobile telephone networks. “Text messages are a great way to raise – in a country with only eight million Mobile phones have experienced this awareness, combat stigma and provide in- adults. According to Inacom, the agency re- amazing growth because there is a real formation on treatment. They are short, sponsible for regulating and monitoring need for them. The country has only about clear and hard hitting,” says Luís Santos telecommunications services in Angola, 200,000 landlines and because the tradi- Kyame, a director of the INLS. “Text mobile phone density rose by 32 per cent in tional communications infrastructure is messages are direct and personal, yet do 2007 and is set to rise further this year. precarious, mobile phones are now being not infringe on people’s privacy. People Meanwhile, a report by consultants used in very ingenious ways. respond well to text-message campaigns Frost & Sullivan says revenues in the because they are addressed personally, but Angolan mobile-communications market New weapon they do not feel threatened.” are set to triple by 2015. The company’s lead In the rural south of Angola a mobile phone Last year, during the general election, research analyst Silvia Hirano Venter says beeps, alerting the phone’s young owner Angolan phone users could text their voter that this record growth is due in part to that a text has been received. He looks at registration number to a central number, state initiatives. the screen and reads the message: Life is which would send back a text informing “The law of universal access imple- stronger than Aids. Get an HIV test. them of the nearest polling station. In mented by the Ministry of Communica- In Africa, the mobile phone is much European countries, this information Hello Luanda! There are tions seeks to provide communication more than just a handy tool for people to would normally be received by post or almost as many mobile phones in Angola as there facilities for everyone, everywhere in keep in touch or send messages to each online via the internet, two options which are adults Angola,” she says. other. It is an important new weapon in the are not always available in parts of  Randy Faris/Corbis

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MOBILE PHONES

Beach cover: mobile Angola. In fact, mobile phones are so its size in revenue terms.” phones can be used where An increase important in the developing world that On a social level, mobile phones are there are no land lines in mobile they have been hailed as one of the best now indispensible in education. For Ana ways to improve livelihoods. A study by the Tato, a teacher working in Katabola School phone penetra- London Business School concluded that an in rural Bié province, a mobile phone has increase in mobile phone penetration by 10 allowed her to build up a huge network of tion by 10 per per cent leads to an increase in GDP by 0.6 contacts and deal with problems and emer- “cent leads to per cent. gencies much quicker than previously. “I can contact and be contacted by Positive outlook students whenever necessary,” she says. “If an increase One idiosyncrasy of Angola’s mobile indus- a pupil is absent from school for a pro- in GDP by 0.6 try is that people often have two phones – longed period, I can call them directly or one from each operator – since it is cheaper get in touch with their parents or a friend.” per cent to call a phone from the same network, and Mobile phones are used widely reception often varies in different areas. throughout the school and from one school London Business School Movicel and Unitel are very prominent in to the next, since there are only a few land- Angolan life. Unitel was the number one lines. “If there is an IT problem in another advertiser on Angolan TV last year, and school further away in the province, I can billboards for both companies are seen all often solve it by phone,” says Tato. “If there over Luanda. is a teacher absent, we can find a replace- Research analyst Venter says that the ment. Mobile phones save us so much time ” outlook is very positive for the Angolan travelling around the province.” mobile phone industry. “Government A mobile phone is also important to reconstruction efforts are not only facilitat- her in her private life. Many Angolans fled ing the expansion of mobile networks, but to different provinces during the war and are also fuelling growth in all sectors of are now resettling across the country. “The industry, and thus the demand for mobile members of my family live very far away communications increases too.” from one another and so having a mobile She adds that the Angolan networks means we can stay in touch,” she says. are improving their services because of The growth of the mobile phone foreign investment. “Foreign companies market is not only great business – it is are importing staff from countries with de- helping Angolans at every level of the social veloped technology, so they are likely to de- spectrum.  mand value-added services. Mobile phone operators are therefore investing in infra- structure development to support this.” While she acknowledges that there are still connection problems in some rural areas, Venter notes that both Unitel and Movicel are upgrading their systems and expanding their networks rapidly, “resulting in a boom in 2013, which will settle but remain strong”. Equally, Research and Markets, a com- pany which specialises in international

market research, is projecting revenue in Kamene M Traça Angola to grow by an average of 15 to 20 per UNITEL cent over the next three years. It predicts Founded: 2001 that “Angola is deep enough for mobile Market share: 62 per cent services to break the $2 billion mark before 2010, and at least come close to $3 billion MOVICEL before 2013. This is a remarkable feat: Founded: 2003 Angola is half the size of Kenya in Market share: 38 per cent

Kamene M Traça subscriber terms, but will be almost twice

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MOBILE PHONES

Vital instruments: new ways that mobile phones are used in Africa

n 2001, Africa became the first continent where the number of mobile Isubscribers exceeded fixed-line users. With almost 280 million customers, Africa is now the fastest-growing market in the world. It is estimated that by 2010, a third of Africans will own a mobile phone. Mobiles are now recognised as vital instruments of change in finance, With almost agriculture, the media and development work. Here are a few of the innovative ways 280 million that mobiles are changing the shape of the continent. subscribers, Banking Africa is now the Since 2005, South African banks have “fastest-growing allowed account holders to pay for goods, transfer money to friends and family and market in the top up credit on their pre-pay phones via text message. The service is called m-bank- world ing and is used by almost five million clients. Transfers via mobile phone are Pass mark: exam results reportedly as safe as using ATM machines are sent by text message or the internet as each customer has a Owen Franken/Corbis personal code, and voice-recognition with or affected by HIV. This includes mass Education technology is used to screen customers. messaging for awareness raising, links to Students from rural communities studying Banks in Nigeria and Kenya offer a similar the national Aids helpline via text message at the University of South Africa can now service. A bank in Zambia allows con- and adherence messaging – a reminder to study from home, even receiving exam ” sumers to pay utility, television, restaurant take antiretroviral drugs at the prescribed results via their mobile phones. and petrol bills using their mobile phones. times or to attend appointments. In Mali, M-banking is expected to continue spread- the Ikon Telemedicine Project allows doc- Employment ing throughout Africa and will eventually tors from smaller hospitals to get advice The Kenyan company Mobile4Good runs a reach Angola. from larger hospitals via their mobile service to alert job seekers about potential phones. Trials have also got under way in work via text messages. Ghana for a simple text message system which will allow customers purchasing Agriculture medicine to be assured of its quality before TradeNet, a Ghana-based trading firm, al- leaving the pharmacy. The consumer lows farmers to access prices from traders scratches off a panel on the drug’s packet and advertise their merchandise by mobile to reveal a unique code. The consumer phone, ensuring they get the fairest price then sends a text message with this code to for their produce. TradeNet offers services a hotline number which confirms if the in Benin, Burkina Faso, the Ivory Coast, medicine is authorised and original. The Ghana, Madagascar, Mali, Mozambique, project, currently in the latter stages of de- Nigeria, Sudan and Togo. Similarly, in Sene- velopment, is being led by nonprofit or- gal and Tanzania, farmers and fishermen ganisation mPedigree and is set to be are able to receive market-price updates iStockphoto introduced in Ghana as well as Nigeria and via text message. In Cameroon, farmers Health possibly Rwanda. The providers have also can also use mobile phones to contact In South Africa, the NGO Cell-Life runs a expressed their interest in extending the rural-development agronomists based in project which uses mobile phones to concept to French-speaking and Por- Yaoundé, the capital, with questions via

provide information for people infected tuguese-speaking Africa, including Angola. the ‘Allo ingenieur’ scheme.  Kamene M Traça

22 SONANGOL UNIVERSO AUTUMN 2009 23 SU23.SAN people.pp24-29:SU23 10/8/09 19:12 Page 24

GENETICS

ORIGIN OF THE SPECIES A group of Angolans might be the direct descendants of the earliest human beings. Universo reports on a fascinating study of African genetic data

ver wondered where the first humans came from? Thanks to advances in genetic research, scientists are closer than Eever before to answering that question – and a group of native Angolans may hold the key. A ten-year study of DNA samples from all over Africa analysed the genetic make-up of 121 African populations and came to the conclusion that the continent is made up of 14 an- cestral population clusters. By looking at the genetic diversity of the samples, a team of scientists led by Dr Sarah Tishkoff of the University of Pennsylva- nia discovered that the group with the most ancient roots was the San who live in the border area between Angola and Namibia. Formerly known as bushmen, the San are an ethnic group that number about 90,000 and live in isolated communities in Angola, Namibia, Botswana, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe.  Richard Pakleppa

First people? the Angolan San have the oldest DNA in the world

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GENETICS

Africa is the most genetically diverse continent in the world, which shows that its population is the oldest

Dr Tishkoff explained that the more The region, the study says, is near the library will help create a better understand- genetically diverse a person’s DNA, the midpoint of the African coast of the Red ing about interpretations of drugs and dis- older that person’s ancestry. “The assump- Sea. Dr Tishkoff has been widely praised for ease risks. “People can respond differently Roger De La Harpe; Gallo Images/CORBIS “tion is that the oldest population has the her work published in May this year in the to different drugs and different diseases,” most genetic diversity because it takes time American journal Science Express. she said. “For example, there is one gene to accumulate the variation,” she said. Muntaser Ibrahim, a researcher from which makes people more naturally” resist- Since the San from the Angola-Namibia the University of Khartoum who was also ant to malaria but gives them a very bad area had the most diverse DNA of the study, involved in the study, has called it “a spec- reaction to some malaria medication. this showed that they were the world’s tacular insight into the history of African “Then there is another gene which “oldest living population”. populations and, therefore, the history of varies the tolerance of medicine for tuber- While it was already known that the mankind”, and Alison Brooks, a specialist culosis, so one person may benefit from a first humans came from Africa – which now on African anthropology at George dose but the same-sized dose could be has a population of 680 million – it has long Washington University, described it as “an toxic for someone else.” been a matter of debate which part of the enormously impressive piece of work”. She explained that most genetic continent they came from. The DNA was collected by taking research has been done in the Western pop- Dr Tishkoff said, however, that just blood or cheek swab samples from across ulation and very little is still known about because the San people are related to the the continent. The study has given histori- HIV and malaria. “If we don’t include Africa first humans, this did not mean that the ans, linguists and anthropologists a whole in genetic research, then we are not going

species began where the San now live. “It is new volume of research with which to test to be able to understand its genetic envi- REUTERS/Siphiwe Sibeko very possible these populations may have out theories of population history, cultural ronment and the continent will be left be- migrated from another region, such as evolution and human migration across hind, which is a problem when you look at Eastern Africa,” she said. If that were so, Africa. the needs of Africa.” then the San people of the Angola-Namibia For instance, by looking at lactose Dr Tishkoff is humble enough to admit border “would be the descendants of that tolerance genes and how they have mu- her work only scratches the surface and original migration”. tated in different parts of Africa, the team that she studied 120 populations out of a Africa is the most genetically diverse can trace the introduction of cattle herding possible 2,000, but she believes it is an continent in the world, which shows that its and the domestication of agriculture. important start. “This is a beginning and we population is the oldest. Dr Tishkoff’s team More importantly, there is now a new hope that our work will motivate others for has also calculated the exit point from foundation for medical and pharmaceuti- future studies. which a small human group – believed to cal research which can help scientists and “Long term, we want to play a role in Tibor Bognar/Corbis be a single tribal band of around 150 people doctors tackle HIV, malaria and tuberculo- training African scientists to do human- Frans Lanting/Corbis – left Africa 50,000 years ago and went on to sis, all major killers in Africa. genetics research, with facilities, technol- Dr Tishkoff believes a single tribal populate the rest of the world. According to Dr Tishkoff, the genetic ogy and training for African educational in- group of 150 people left Africa stitutions so that they can play an 50,000 years ago and went on to important role in future research in Africa.” populate the rest of the world Other needs may also be satisfied by Dr Tishkoff’s work, and that is the renewed interest among African Americans about their ancestry. “We know that many African Americans originate from slaves leaving West Africa, and that includes Angola, which was a large exporter of slaves,” she said. “It will be very interesting to look more closely at the links between Angola and African Americans. There has been very little genetic research done from within DNA under the Angola and this is a huge untapped area microscope iStockphoto with a lot of potential.”  JOY TESSMAN

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GENETICS CLICK CLIQUE A Namibian filmmaker is raising awareness of Angola’s San

he beauty and as the dancer enters into an altered conditions, like you see in the toughest intrigue of the state. neighbourhoods of Luanda. It’s that Tancient San “Traditionally, they are hunter- kind of tough spiritedness that all first caught Richard gatherers relying on game and bush Angolans have.” Pakleppa’s attention food,” said Pakleppa. “Inward migration Pakleppa said money was starting

Richard Pakleppa as a boy while visiting of Bantu groups led them to lose access to be spent helping create dialogue be- his grandfather’s farm in Namibia. Fas- to large stretches of land over 300 years tween San and Bantu communities cinated, he began to learn some words preceding the war. During the war where there had been problems, and he of their unusual language (see box). many animals were hunted, leaving lit- hoped more funding in the future After working as a trade union offi- tle large game. The smaller game has in would continue this. cer, Pakleppa went on to represent many cases been seen off by new ani- Angolan NGO Organização Cristã Namibian San over land-rights issues mals being brought in by the Bantu de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Comu- and in 2004 he was part of the team be- farmers, cattle for instance. Then you nitário (Christian Organisation Sup- hind Where the First are Last, the first have land being taken over, bush food porting. Community Development) study of the Angolan San communities trampled underfoot, less rainfall so less which is working closely with the in more than 30 years. grows, then there are floods…these are provincial government in Huíla, has Pakleppa’s latest project is a film all factors which have reduced their re- made a major contribution. part-financed by Christian Aid and the sources and their traditional survival “We are not about pointing fingers Netherlands Development Ministry skills are dying out.” with the film – it’s about exploring the called Da Terra, do Fogo e da Agua situation as it is and asking how we can (Earth, Fire and Water). Filmed in Huíla Extreme poverty make it better,” said Pakleppa. “I don’t and Cunene provinces, which are home Pakleppa said this had left many San liv- believe in ethnic rights, this is simply to Angola’s San communities, now be- ing in extreme poverty without the sup- about human rights. I really believe in lieved to number just a few thousand, port to which other Angolans have the San; they are wonderful people.”  the film offers a rarely-seen insight into access, and disease and hardship were the lives of the descendants of the first commonplace. “They can’t hunt and Tip of the tongue humans. Pakleppa spent weeks travel- gather any more, so they have to go and ling into some of the remotest parts of ask for help and work for their neigh- The Angolan San speak !Kung, which Angola to hear the stories of the San bours. In many cases they are exploited like several other languages in south- ern Africa involves speaking with a whose numbers are dwindling fast. as cheap labour and sometimes they are click sound. It is thought that the As well as their distinctive lan- paid in alcohol, not money, which click sound came about because it guage, brightly-coloured clothes and causes more problems.” helped the San to communicate while bead adornments, and unique physical Pakleppa, who is based in London hunting – animals are scared by appearance, the San are also known for but travels regularly back to Africa on human language but not by clicks. their music and trance-dances. These film assignments, said the film was de- Some basic !Kung phonetics: dances take on various forms, depend- signed to show the lives of the San to ing on each community and its tradi- other Angolans. “We wanted people to // This sign is used when writing San tion and what the dance is for, whether get a better understanding of the San words to indicate a click – similar to protect from evil spirits, to heal, to and not to just think they are beggars or to the sound made when urging a bring rain or to visit others in out-of- scavengers on the edge of society,” he horse to move. / Another click sound, like the ‘tut- body experiences. explained. ting’ sound made when expressing The dancers sometimes adorn “I have spent a lot of time with San sympathy. themselves with rattles made from fruit people. They can be really raucous, and ! A tongue click which has the sound cases with seeds inside, or hold sticks or dynamic and crazy; they sometimes of cork popping from a bottle. pieces of animals. Once the dancing be- laugh out loud in the middle of the # With one slash only, a sound like the sucking of a baby made with gins, the dancer is transported into a hardest moments. They have this very the tongue just behind the teeth. trance. Often the trances end in fainting dark sense of humour, born out of their

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TOURISM

Green giant: a 25lb dorado caught near Luanda

GOTCHA!Angola offers some of the best fishing in the world – as tourists are beginning to find out ➔ www.FlyCastaway.com/Gerhard Laubscher

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TOURISM

or fly fishermen, Angola is the final Double hander: a 170lb Atlantic We travel the world looking for tarpon caught with fly tackle in the frontier, unchartered waters waiting mouth of the Kwanza River Fto be discovered. Fish such as tarpon, the best places to take our clients. dorado, Atlantic threadfin and Crevalle jack can all be found in abundance in Angola’s Angola has excellent fishing and estuaries, and in weights and sizes rarely seen elsewhere. more and more people are starting to “There are a lot of fish waiting to be “ Gerhard Laubscher, FlyCastaway caught in Angola,” says Gerhard Laubscher, go there for this reason a South African who runs FlyCastaway, a specialist company organising global offshore fishing events attracting interna- provinces. Typical of a jungle river, it is thick fly-fishing trips. “We travel the world look- tional fishermen in search of sailfish, blue in vegetation with large mangroves lining ing for the best places to take our clients. marlin and tuna, and the country holds the banks of the heavily-silted waters. Angola has excellent fishing and more and many weight records for these species. Here in August in the lower reaches of more people are starting to go there for this Part of the reason for the attraction to the river, among the large drifting islands of reason.” Angola is that the war kept fishing levels grass and” weeds, visitors will find giant or down and allowed the seas and rivers to “bull” dorado, a favourite among anglers Jungle base restock. The current boom is in inshore fly because of their playful acrobatics and “It is a venue unlike any other we have fishing, particularly on the River Kwanza, electric colouring. fished and guided in. Its potential and whose mouth is situated at the north of diversity mixed with the unique jungle Kissama National Park, and on the River Stubborn fighters environment at our base on the Kwanza Longa, which joins the ocean at its base. These fish, regularly weighing more than River is a life-altering experience.” Here coastal fish enter the estuaries at dif- 40lbs, explode into the air when hooked, Angola’s sport-fishing resources are ferent times of year creating an angling par- tail walking along the water, as if deliber- certainly getting the country noticed. As adise where record weights are regularly ately showing off their neon hues. Further well as attracting anglers from around the recorded. into the river are Crevalle jack. These stub- world, South African satellite television The Kwanza is less than an hour’s drive born fighters roam in packs close to the operator DStv is currently broadcasting a from Luanda and is a popular weekend shore, hunting down the shoals of smaller leisure-fishing series featuring Angola destination for expatriate oil workers and fish which swim in this area. Weighing up across the continent. international visitors. Lodges – some up- to 50lbs, Crevalle jack are known for their Even before FlyCastaway and other market, some more basic – are springing dogged determination and can be the operators began trips to Angola, it had long up as a peaceful escape from the noise of toughest to tangle with on a fly rod. been a popular fishing destination. Prior to the city, and offer good food, stunning sun- Another sought-after catch is the giant independence in 1975, the country was the sets and plenty of fishing nearby. African threadfin, which are found at the place for Atlantic sailfish. During the The Kwanza begins in Kwanza Sul and mouth of the Kwanza and up the Atlantic conflict years, fishing became less accessi- flows north and west out to the Atlantic Coast into the Gulf of Guinea. ble, but since 1987 there have been annual through Kwanza Norte and Bengo The best time of year to catch  Southern catches

Further south down the coast in the desert province of Namibe, fishing enthusiasts are drawn to the mouth of the Cunene River for giant kob, garrick and shad as well as bronze whaler sharks, large yellowbelly rock cod and skate. More intrepid rodsmen can cross to the Baía dos Tigres – Bay of Tigers – a tiny island of only 95 square metres, once joined to the mainland and now only accessible at certain tide times. Here among the lagoons there is an abundance of bird life, dolphins, turtles and game such as gemsbok and jackals, as well as excellent fishing, particularly for sharks and rays. This barely-touched wilderness is just a few hundred kilometres north of the Angolan and Namibian border, close to Lubango in Huíla where there is an airport. The region is also popular with adventure travellers looking for off-road tours and quad biking. It may be becoming more accessible, however, as there is a government plan to redevelop the area with a quay, an airport, an urban centre and the installation of a wind-energy station. Paul Brehem/Photographers Direct www.FlyCastaway.com/Gerhard Laubscher

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TOURISM

You just don’t find tarpon in the size and quantities that you find them

in Angola Gerhard Laubscher, FlyCastaway

threadfin in Angola is in July and August, ening their survival. “according to Iain Nicholson, a Brit and “For Angola to benefit both economi- long-term resident in Angola, who is the cally and environmentally from sport country’s representative of the Interna- fishing and ecotourism, such areas will tional Game Fish Association. require urgent protection from over-fish- “They move up the ”river in shoals and ing, the removal of mangroves, and an end the fishing can be outstanding,” he says. to poaching and polluting,” says Nicholson. “The threadfin is a personal favourite of “Illegal netting inside the rivers and around mine. They are a peculiar-looking fish with most river mouths is rapidly depleting a semi-transparent, almost shark-like nose stocks in areas where fish congregate. It is and four pairs of long filaments below the also preventing the natural movement of pectoral fins. Their large and deeply-forked wildlife, game fish and their forage baitfish, tail gives you a hint of what can be expected and indiscriminately killing protected and when they are hooked.” endangered species like turtles.” Laubscher adds: “You’ve got people Prize catch netting who were once doing it on a subsis- For FlyCastaway’s Gerhard Laubscher, tence basis, but now they are doing it Silver fish: a white-fin Crevalle however, it is the tarpon, also known as commercially and it is causing real prob- jack from Mussulo Bay silver kings, which make Angola special. lems. The legislation is there against netting www.FlyCastaway.com/Gerhard Laubscher David Fleetham/naturepl.com “You just don’t find them in the size and but it is happening more and more and if it Teamwork! A young quantities that you find them in Angola,” he does not stop, then these species aren’t female dorado taken from a says. “For a fly fisherman, the tarpon is the going to survive. weed line just off Luanda one.” “Fishing tourism is worth a lot of First caught off the Florida Quays in money to Angola. It is a positive thing for the 1950s, tarpon are one of the oldest the country, so I hope it can continue.”  species of fish found today. Growing up to two metres long and weighing hundreds of pounds, they are known in angling terms as User’s guide a prize catch. Tarpon can be found between October and July, but the main season for the larger fish is between November and February, and they have been known to swim as far as 80km up the River Kwanza. “It’s always been said that the biggest tarpon were in West Africa, so we decided to go to Angola to have a look for ourselves,” says Laubscher. “When we got here and caught

Paul Nicklen some, it was pretty amazing. One of them Fishing tackle is not readily available in must have been over 200lbs which, if we Angola and anglers are advised to come had killed it to be weighed, would definitely totally prepared with spares and a variety of lures and jigs. have been a world record.” However, just as Laubscher and Angolan Adventure Safaris offers Nicholson agree on the quality of the accommodation, tours and fishing trips fishing in Angola, they are also united in around Angola: www.aasafaris.com their concern for the future of the fishing FlyCastaway arranges trips to Angola: stock due to an increase in illegal netting www.flycastaway.com

www.FlyCastaway.com/Gerhard Laubscher Dale C. Spartas/CORBIS which is depleting fish numbers and threat- www.FlyCastaway.com/Gerhard Laubscher

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Sonangol news briefing NEWS

alfway through Angola’s first year at the helm of the Norwegian deal Mosquito money Organization of the Angola and Norway have signed a H memorandum of understanding for The ExxonMobil Foundation has donated $1 Petroleum Exporting Countries the development of an integrated project million to USAID, the US Agency for Interna- (Opec), there has been some good for hydropower and aluminium production. tional Development, taking its total funding of the news about the price of oil. The deal was inked by Emanuela Vieira organisation to $3 million. USAID, working Lopes, Angolan Energy Minister, and Arvid through the American president’s Malaria Initia- When Angola took the presi- Moss, the deputy chairman of the Norwe- tive, is collaborating with the Angolan govern- dency of the cartel in January, gian firm Hydro. Vieira Lopes said: “This ment to reduce the number of malaria deaths in prices were near $30 a barrel, will involve the implementation of an inte- grated project for two hydroelectric cen- Angola. The initiative includes the distribution and as a result Opec implemented trals with an indicative capacity of of bed nets, the provision of testing kits, production cuts which meant less between 750 and 1000 megawatts and anti-malarial medication, community ed- Oil Minister José ucation and the training of health profes- income for Angola. electricity conveying lines.” Maria Botellho de sionals across the country. Malaria Yet by the middle of the year, the Vasconcelos meets António Órfão, head Big tube prevention is a key priority for the price had risen to $70 a barrel, a of Sonagás Angola LNG has begun building ExxonMobil Foundation which has in level which Angola Oil Minister José the gas pipe which will link the total given $6 million in the last two offshore oil blocks with the new lique- years to fight malaria in Angola. Maria Botelho de Vasconcelos feels Filda success fied natural gas plant in Soyo. The pipe iStockphoto is good for everyone. “I believe the Nearly 700 exhibitors from 28 countries companies shared a special pavilion will be 25km long and take 18 months current prices satisfy both con- took part in the 2009 Luanda Interna- which featured stands from to construct – work which is being car- sumers and producers,” he says. tional Fair in July. Tens of thousands of Sonangol, Angola LNG, BP, Chevron, ried out offshore by Acergy and on- Early oil people attended the six-day event, Esso and Total, among others. In the shore by Spie. It will link offshore “The Opec goals are being met and known by its Portuguese acronym Filda, Angolan pavilion, local producers exhib- blocks 0, 1, 2, 14, 15, 17 and 18 to the Chevron’s Angolan subsidiary Cabinda The engineering, procurement, I think that if by the end of the year which was themed around agriculture ited their food and drinks and there LNG plant onshore in Soyo in Zaire Gulf Oil Company (CABGOC) and its construction and installation contract prices remain at the $70 to $75 and agricultural industry. Exhibitors were experts on hand from Angola’s province, northern Angola. There will partners have begun crude-oil produc- for the Mafumeira Norte platform was National Coffee Institute (Inca) and level, that will be positive for the came from all over the world including be three strands to the pipe with fibre tion ahead of schedule on the Ma- awarded to Sonamet (Lobito), a joint Portugal, Brazil, Germany, Spain, Japan, other governmental agro agencies. optics fitted to electronically control the economy.” fumeira Norte project in Block 0. venture between Sonangol and Acergy, South Africa, France and China. There Francisca do Espírito Santo, governor pressure and temperature and to detect Located in 160 feet of water about 15 marking the first time Sonamet was Opec controls more than a third were six pavilions spread across the site of Luanda, opened the event, accompa- breakdowns. The project is a shared miles off the Angolan coastline, the awarded such a contract. The fabrica- of the world’s crude-oil production near Viana, and in addition to the exhi- nied by a number of top-level ministers venture between BP Exploration (13.6 project is the first-phase development of tion of the platform was completed at bitions, there were a number of sympo- including the Minister of Agriculture, and over the course of the past per cent), Chevron (36.4 per cent), the Mafumeira Field located in Area A of Sonamet’s Lobito yard in southern siums and conferences on agriculture Pedro Canga, and Minister of Economy, ExxonMobil (13.6 per cent), Sonangol Block 0. The project is being commer- Angola. George Kirkland, executive year has agreed to cut output to and national reconstruction. Energy Manuel Nunes Jnr. (22.8 per cent) and Total (13.6 per cent). cialised through 14 wells to the existing vice president for Chevron Global counter a slide in prices. GCI Kungulo water-injection platform and is Upstream and Gas, said: “This under- In 2008, Angola was producing Shipping ahoy expected to reach maximum total pro- scores Chevron’s commitment to grow- 2 million barrels per day (bpd) and Sonangol Shipping, a Sonangol duction of 30,000 barrels of crude oil ing its resource base in West Africa and New office subsidiary, has launched a new and 30 million cubic feet per day of delivering on our robust queue of major briefly overtook Nigeria as sub-Sa- Sonangol has opened a new office maritime training centre in Sumbe, natural gas in 2011. capital projects.” haran Africa’s largest oil producer. in the Ivory Coast, in a bid to further Yann Arthus-Bertrand/CORBIS Kwanza Sul. The Centro de Treinamento Under Opec-enforced cuts, its out- develop bilateral co-operation in Marítimo will have classrooms, laborato- put is now 1.656 million bpd. An- the oil sector. Sonangol is involved ries, libraries, a research centre, a mechanical engineering base and house gola has had to readjust its budget in a new refinery due to open there soon. Gilberto Buta Lutukuta, nautical instruments. There will also be a and reduce public spending to ac- Angolan ambassador to the Ivory residential area and a dedicated fire-pre- commodate the fall in oil income. Coast, Mali and Burkina Faso, said vention unit at the centre in Kicombo Botelho de Vasconcelos is report- that Angola and the Ivory Coast which will train Sonangol’s maritime staff. It is the first project of its kind to be devel- edly negotiating an increase in enjoyed good relations in a number of areas. oped in the region and is due to open in Angola’s quota within Opec. Abidjan, Ivory Coast ➔ two years. Photolibrary

36 SONANGOL UNIVERSO AUTUMN 2009 37 SU23.Inacio.pp38-41:SU23 10/8/09 19:09 Page 38

NEWS

Enlightened view: Vicente Inácio is responsible for health and safety Order and progress Sonangol is employing the latest health and safety measures to keep the company operating at the highest standards

il companies are by the very nature of their work in- volved in high-risk situations. From the engineer Oworking offshore using high-pressure equipment, to the person driving the forklift truck in the local warehouse, there are countless daily risks involved in all operations. Sonangol has strict policies and guidelines to ensure safety at work, which include operational discipline, work permits, confined-space entry, working at heights, lifting operations, excavations, traffic safety, drugs and alcohol and environmental awareness. “Quality, health, safety and environment (QHSE) are core Sonangol values and the man- agement of these values is essential for the sustainable development of Angolan oil resources,” says Manuel Vicente, Sonangol’s chief executive. Commitment To underline Sonangol’s commitment to QHSE, the com- pany is in the process of implementing a 14-step manage- ment programme called Progressa-Q. This is designed to cover every element of Sonangol’s work from office to rig, and from classroom to boardroom. The aim is to eliminate workplace accidents, reduce emissions and discharges, ensure safe products and services and open communi- cations with others about health and safety programmes and performance. Leading the implementation of Progressa-Q is Vicente Inácio, Sonangol’s QHSE manager. “The

Kamene M Traça Sonangol group is committed to reaching 

38 SONANGOL UNIVERSO AUTUMN 2009 39 SU23.Inacio.pp38-41:SU23 10/8/09 19:09 Page 40

NEWS

The Sonangol group is committed to Vicente Inácio reaching excellence in the manage- ment of quality, health, safety and environment to become a leader in

“Africa in this domain Vicente Inácio, QHSE manager

excellence in the management of quality, which gives a company a better image. It health, safety and environment to become creates a positive culture of safety and envi- a leader in Africa in this domain,” he says. ronment in the company and this gives “QHSE is an integral part of our values more respect to the client, the government, and is essential to the success of our the public.” business because it promotes solutions that” effectively reduce the occurrence of Training accidents. As well as each department in the sub- “Line managers are responsible for the sidiaries instigating the QHSE plans and implementation and maintenance of the strategies, part of achieving the standards system, but all workers are responsible for comes from high-quality training which, the many activities necessary to protect thanks to its subsidiary Essa, Sonangol is themselves, the company assets, the envi- able to partly organise in-house. ronment, the clients and the wider commu- Essa (Empresa de Serviços de Sonda- nity,” he adds. gens de Angola) was established to provide professional, technical and safety training Standards for all of the oil industry, not just Sonangol Kamene M Traça Safety in the workplace is Progressa-Q was created by international staff. Based in Cacuaco, near the Luanda re- Sonangol’s quality, health, safety and a top priority at Sonangol consultants Det Norske Veritas which finery, the Essa centre is one of Africa’s environment manager. Sonangol worked with Sonangol to build an largest offshore training establishments. It integrated management system. All Sonan- boasts modern conference facilities, a large Age 52, married with five children. gol subsidiaries will follow the plan to en- training pool with a launch ramp for boats, Studied mechanical engineering at sure continuity of the highest standards in an underground viewing room with a large Agostinho Neto University in Angola, safety across the organisation and many are glass window, a full-scale replica of a heli- completing his degree in Portugal, already making good headway through the copter cabin for underwater escape exer- and then studied petroleum engineer- implementation. cises and an advanced fire-fighting training ing at the French Petroleum Progressa-Q is based on three key inter- area. Institute in France. nationally-recognised safety standards: ISO Courses on offer include transporting 9001 and ISO 1401 from the International dangerous goods, well control and blow-out Has worked with Sonangol for 24 Organisation for Standardisation (ISO), the prevention, confined-space entry, helicop- years. Since 2005 has been QHSE world’s largest developer and publisher of ter underwater-escape training, scaffold-in- manager. Before that was in explo- international standards, and OHSAS 18001 spection, rigging and slinging, first aid, fire ration and production and worked from the US-based Occupational Safety and fighting, defensive driving, forklift operation on the plan for the new refinery in Health Administration. and chemical safety. Lobito. “The Angolan government has issued “People look to Sonangol, and they Prior to working for Sonangol, different decrees for QHSE at work, and can see that the company is doing some- worked for Angolan coffee producers environment decrees – and we have to thing positive in respect of QHSE,” says Ginga Café. follow these to comply with the law,” says Inácio. “All Sonangol managers have QHSE Inácio. “But we want to do more than just included in their performance evaluations. comply with the law; we want this inte- This is in order to become a more robust grated management system because we are company and to show that from the top an international company and we are down we are serious about health and safety

Terry Vine Photolibrary operating all over the world. This is a tool at work.” 

40 SONANGOL UNIVERSO AUTUMN 2009 41 SU23.Lab.pp42-43:SU23 10/8/09 19:10 Page 42

NEWS NEWS

LABThe inauguration of a high-tech laboratory for oilFAB products in Luanda is a sign of the maturity of the hydrocarbons industry in Angola

onangol’s Central Laboratory opened only this year, but already its director hopes it will become a reference point in Ssub-Saharan Africa. “We have no limits to the objectives we want to achieve,” says Rosária de Fátima Castro. “We want and we’re heading towards internationalisation.” The lab is located in a two-storey building a few kilometres north of the Port of Luanda. The facilities it offers includes the ability to analyse seabed sediments and to check on the quality control of all kinds of all oil products. “This is like my other child,” says Mrs Castro, who spear- headed the project. But while it was a dream come true to see the lab finally in operation, she says there is always room for improve- ment. One major challenge is to achieve the internationally-re- spected ISO/IEC 17025 Standard. Mrs Castro believes that providing a quality service is the golden rule to achieving recognition. The lab is equipped with the latest technology and, as well as helping with Sonangol’s explo- ration projects, it will also help other companies with their needs. “We have set up the analytical structure to support Sonangol’s Rosária de Fátima Castro internal needs and those of our partners,” she says. 

Director, Sonangol Central Laboratory. Married with two children, aged 19 and 23. Joined Sonangol in 1978 and was involved in laboratory-related work.

From left to right, Graduated from Agostinho Neto University in the lab team at work 1989 with a degree in geology . Pictures: Kamene M Traça

42 SONANGOL UNIVERSO AUTUMN 2009 43 SU23.Superleague Formula.pp44-47:SU23 10/8/09 19:14 Page 44

NEWS TOP OF THE

LEAGUESonangol has begun to sponsor Superleague Formula, a sporting craze that links football and motor racing ➔ Pictures: Superleague Formula

44 SONANGOL UNIVERSO AUTUMN 2009 45 SU23.Superleague Formula.pp44-47:SU23 10/8/09 19:14 Page 46

NEWS

This page: Images from the first round of races, held at Magny-Cours racecourse in France. Below, Liverpool FC driver Adrián Vallés celebrates winning the first race.

here on earth can you say that FC Basel of Switzerland is The starting grid of the first race is determined by the results of better than Italy’s AC Milan, or that Anderlecht of a qualifying session. The starting grid of the second race of each W Belgium is higher in the league than France’s Olympique round is the reverse of the first race. So, if you win the first race, you Lyonnais? are at the back of the grid for the second, and if you are last in the The answer is that you can in Superleague Formula, a new first race, you are in pole position for the second. This makes the style of motor racing that involves some of the world’s top football second race very exciting as the fastest riders must push up from clubs. The league contains 18 high-performance cars, in which the back. professional drivers race in the colours of 18 of the world’s biggest All drivers race in cars that have the same technical specifica- soccer teams. The sport is now in its second year and this season is tions, which insist on a 750-horsepower V12 engine. The winning sponsored by Sonangol. driver of each race wins 50 points, the second-placed driver 45 and After three rounds, Liverpool FC were top of the league, fol- the third 40. The points for the remaining positions are 36-32-29- lowed by FC Basel and Tottenham Hotspur. The other clubs taking 26-23-20-18-16-14-12-10-8-7-6-5-4-3-2-1. part come from all over Europe and Brazil. Superleague Formula Points go to a league table and the team with the most points brings footballing rivalries to a new sporting theatre – the racetrack. at the end of the season will be crowned Superleague Formula by The format of Superleague Formula is innovative. There are Sonangol champions. In addition, the best team in each round six rounds in total, each at one of Europe’s top racing tracks. During wins 333,000. each round there are two races. In order to make the race a Superleague Formula president Alex Andreu says he little like football, which has two halves of 45 minutes each, is delighted that Sonangol has decided to sponsor the sport: each Superleague contest is similarly timed. After 44 minutes, “Sonangol is an ambitious company with global aspirations, so it’s once the leader has passed the start/finish line there is just one a perfect match for Superleague Formula, which has very similar more lap to go. This means that the length of each race is about 45 objectives. Over the next two years we will work closely together to minutes. develop both of our brands.” 

46 SONANGOL UNIVERSO AUTUMN 2009 47 SU23.Superleague Formula.pp44-47:SU23 10/8/09 19:14 Page 48

NEWS

League table...after three rounds Drivers

Pos. No RACING TEAM TOTAL Club Driver

1 21 Liverpool FC 217 Liverpool FC Adrián Vallés 2 10 FC Basel 207 Sevilla FC E. G uerrieri 3 19 Tottenham Hotspur 196 4 3 AC Milan 154 Tottenham Hotspur Craig Dolby 5 16 FC Porto 146 6 14 Corinthians 139 FC Basel Max Wissel 7 6 Al-Ain * 135 AC Milan Giorgio Pantano 8 8 RSC Anderlecht 122

9 24 FC Midtjylland 122 RSC Anderlecht Yelmer Buurman This page: Images from the second round of races, held at Zolder 10 15 Atlético de Madrid 120 in Belgium. Above, Liverpool driver Adrián Vallés shakes the Olympiacos Davide Rigon bubbly after confirming his position at the top of the table, after 11 17 Rangers FC 118 two third places. 12 9 Olympiacos 118 Flamengo Enrique Bernoldi 13 22 AS Roma 110 14 2 Sporting Clube de Portugal 110 Corinthians Antonio Pizzonia 15 4 Galatasaray 101 Galatasaray Duncan Tappy 16 7 Flamengo 98

17 69 Olympique Lyonnais 82 Atlético de Madrid Ho-Pin Tung 18 5 PSV Eindhoven 59 FC Porto Tristan Gommendy 19 18 Sevilla FC * 28

* Sevilla replaced Al-Ain after two rounds FC Midtjylland Kasper Andersen

Rangers FC John Martin

AS Roma Jonathan Kennard

Olympique Lyonnnais Nelson Panciatici

Sporting Clube de Portugal Pedro Petiz

PSV Eindhoven Dominick Muermans www.superleagueformula.com Timetable

1 Magny-Cours France June 27/28, 2009 2 Zolder Belgium July 18/19, 2009 3 Donington Park UK August 1/2, 2009 4 Estoril Portugal September 5/6, 2009 5 Monza Italy October 3/4, 2009 6 Circuito de Jarama Spain November 7/8, 2009

48 SONANGOL UNIVERSO AUTUMN 2009 49 SU23.map.pp50-51:SU23 10/8/09 19:10 Page 50

THE BIG PICTURE: RIVERS

CONGO wo of the greatest rivers in Africa – the Congo and the Zambezi – pass through Angolan territory. The ngo Co Congo forms the border in the north with the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) before the river e h DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC flows into the Atlantic. The source of the Zambezi is in Zambia, but the river then runs for 150 miles T OF CONGO T through Angola before re-joining Zambia and heading towards Mozambique where it enters the Indian Cabinda Ocean. Here we look at five of the most important rivers that rise in Angola

Zaire T The Kwanza, 886km fierce-looking tiger fish which has Uíge h e The Kwanza empties into the Atlantic alarming K 60km to the south of Luanda and has, protruding w a famously, given its name to the Angolan teeth. n g o currency, the kwanza, as well as Bengo being a symbol of The Angolan unity. Kubango, Kwanza In his poem The Kasai, 2153km 1600km Norte Ladies of An- The source of the Kasai is near the bor- The Kubango rises 35km to the Luanda Lunda Norte la Kalandula Falls other Time, der of Moxico and Bié provinces, near east of Huambo and runs southeast ka The Lu Mário An- what Angolan writer Pepetela has called until the border with Namibia before it K The wan tónio wrote: the “fabulous cradle of the Chokwe”, one heads into Botswana where it discharges Kambambe Dam z “The water of the of the major ethnic groups of Angola. It into the Okavango Swamp, the largest Kapanda Dam a Lunda Sul Kwanza cannot stop flow- then flows eastwards and then north inland delta in the world. When the Malanje Kwanza Sul ing, it is always other and renewed.” along the Angolan-DRC border. This is a heavy rains fall on the Angolan high- This great river is navigable for some remote, unpopulated area and the Kasai lands, the water eventually pours south 192km from the coast as far as the and its tributaries have an incredibly into the Okavango, flooding the dry ai Kambambe Dam and it was along its rich variety of fish with over 200 species Kalahari Desert and providing forage as K waters that the Portuguese first pene- recorded, many of them known only to for vast herds of animals and 450 bird e h T trated the interior of northern a particular location. species and allowing fish to spawn pro- Angola. Some 50 fish species have been Some 60 species of frogs have been lifically in the flooded areas. Bié identified here and world-class game noted in the river system. The Kwango fish such as the tarpon can be found in (1,100km) is a large tributary of the Huambo the lower reaches. Other creatures Kasai and forms the eastern border with Benguela known from these waters are the the DRC in Malanje and Uíge provinces. Moxico African manatee (pictured), the giant The Kasai flows into the Congo in the otter shrew and the African water rat. DRC. On a tributary, the Lukala, are the Ka- The Cunene, 945km landula Falls, relatively unknown by The Kuando, 731km The Cunene also rises not far from tourists yet one of the largest and most The Kuando rises near Mount Tembo in Huambo, heading south alongside the Huíla Th e Kuan spectacular waterfalls in Africa. The central Angola and drains southeast Bicuari and Mupa National Parks. Before do ZAMBIA massive Kapanda Dam in Malanje into the vast Linyanti Swamp, then it reaches the sea, the river travels The province was completed in 2004 and turns sharply east to trickle into the through a deep gorge between the Namibe K ub provides power and water for irrigation. Zambezi. The river flows through the Zebra and Baynes mountains and

a n Kuando Coutada Pública do Luiana reserve, rushes over the 30m high Epupa Falls. T go Kubango h which has a great diversity of birds and Finally, it passes into the Namibe Desert Cunene e Za reptiles. It was badly depleted of wildlife before reaching the Atlantic. The m b during the civil war, before which it had Cunene is one of the few rivers in this e zi e Cune elephants, black rhinos, ostriches, lions, region that flows all year round. One Th n e hyenas and hippos. Of the many species fish that is endemic to the Cunene is the

NB Illustrations/David Atkinson of fish that live in the Kuando, one is the Namib happy (pictured). NAMIBIA

50 SONANGOL UNIVERSO AUTUMN 2009 51 BOTSWANA farming the day Angolan Catch of Fishing on Fishing the Kwanza Crop ready The boom in AUTUMN 2009 INSIDE: oil and gas news Joy of texts How mobile phones are changing Africa Universo

SONANGOL UNIVERSO ISSUE 23 – AUTUMN 2009 SU23-cover:Layout 1 10/8/09 18:07 Page 1 Page 18:07 10/8/09 1 SU23-cover:Layout