FALK'S DICTIONARY OF CHINESE MARTIAL ARTS CHINESE TO ENGLISH Comprehensive vocabulary for techniques, training methods, applications, weapons, routines, styles, sayings and phrases relevant to the theory, practice, and study of the modern and traditional martial arts! of China, plus many representative zhaofa. Also contains vocabulary helpful in reading martial arts reference books – anatomical terms, dynastic dates, historical, literary, and folklore references, military stratagem, and traditional Chinese medical terminology. Compiled and translated by Andrea Mary Falk ! ! Compiled and translated by Andrea Mary Falk. Copyright © Andrea Mary Falk, 2019. All right reserved. This book or any portion thereof may not be reproduced or used in any manner whatsoever without the express written permission of the publisher except for the use of brief quotations in a book review or scholarly work. First printing: 2019. Published by tgl books, Québec, Canada. ISBN 978-0-9879028-7-0 This ISBN is for the PDF edition. The dictionary is also available as hard cover, deluxe soft cover, and compact soft cover. Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Canadian CIP data is no longer done ahead of publication time for small publishers such as tgl books. The library number is assigned after legal deposit of the published book. The techniques described in this book are intended for experienced martial artists. The author, translator, and publisher are not responsible for any injury that may occur while trying out these techniques. Please do not apply these techniques on anyone without their consent and cooperation. ! ! TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ..................................................................................................... vi Acknowledgements .................................................................................................... vii Notes on Using the Dictionary ...................................................................................................viii Character Index by Pinyin order ...................................................................................................... 1 Dictionary in Pinyin Order !i to ào 13 15 ! 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Notes on Looking up by Radicals .................................................................................................. 322 Standard Radical Index .................................................................................................. 324 Character Index by Radical Order .................................................................................................. 326 Notes on Looking up by Stroke Order .................................................................................................. 341 Radical Index for Stroke Order Lookup .................................................................................................. 342 Character Index by Stroke Order .................................................................................................. 343 Pronunciation Guide for Chinese Pinyin .................................................................................................. 354 ! ! INTRODUCTION If you don’t know what zhaofa means, but would like to, then you’ve picked up the right book. This is a comprehensive dictionary of Chinese martial arts terminology, with character lookup in Pinyin order from !i to zuò, Radical order from .to ۖ, and Stroke order from to র Chinese martial arts terms use characters, words, and phrases that have meanings specific to martial artists. Sometimes, because of the oral transmission of so much of martial arts knowledge, characters are changed slightly or invented to suit the meaning of a word that everyone knew. For instance, changing the hand radical to a foot radical to indicate a technique done with the leg is much like an action normally done with the arm. This is part of what makes translating martial arts materials so much fun, and such a specialised profession. Trying to translate with only the use of a standard dictionary takes a lot of experience in the martial arts in addition to knowledge of Chinese – the martial meanings, and sometimes the characters themselves, are not there. The primary purpose of this dictionary is to give the martial arts meanings of the characters a reader will come across in a manual. A secondary purpose is to give the reader words that constantly occur in martial writings, but you can never remember, so have to look up again, like acupuncture points and dates of dynasties. This dictionary is the culmination of almost fifty years of martial arts and language study. I started studying Chinese at the University of Victoria in about 1972, the same time I started training kungfu, and moved to Vancouver to be able to major in Chinese at the University of British Columbia and train kungfu with an excellent instructor. The Chinese course was an intensive course of modern Chinese with the practical vocabulary of the Cultural Revolution. We read newspapers, memorized Mao's speeches, and couldn't order a meal to save our lives. Fortunately, I also studied classical Chinese, which seemed a world unto itself, but turned out to be essential to the martial arts. I won a national scholarship to China, arriving in 1980, and immediately applied to the Beijing Sports University to major in wushu. The Chinese language course there consisted of my reading the wushu textbook out loud to the teacher, asking any time there was something I didn't understand. Since the only characters I couldn’t read were specialised vocabulary, and he wasn't a wushu specialist, the course lasted about two weeks. From then on, my Chinese studies consisted of training, listening, reading, asking, and making notes. My notes collected on scraps of paper and in notebooks, and years later started moving into my computer. Eventually I printed an unofficial edition of my dictionary in 2012. In this first official edition I have added a great deal more words and phrases, corrected the errors that my friends and I found in the earlier edition, and formatted as a normal Chinese dictionary, especially adding the indices to help find the characters, and a lot of cross referencing. Most of the contents are practical words –