Information to Users

INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. ProQuest Information and Learning 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA 800-521-0600 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ON THE ICE AND OFF THE RINK: A QUALITATIVE STUDY OF HOCKEY PLAYERS’ AGGRESSION DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment for The Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Nicholas Todd Pappas, M.Ed. **** The Ohio State University 2002 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Professor Patrick C. McKenry, Advisor Professor Jerelyn B. Schultz A dvisor ' Associate Professor Timothy J. Curry College of Human Ecology Graduate Program Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. UMI Number: 3072921 Copyright 2002 by Pappas, Nicholas Todd All rights reserved. _ ___ _<£) UMI UMI Microform 3072921 Copyright 2003 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Copyright by Nicholas Todd Pappas 2002 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ABSTRACT Male athletes often are identified in the media for their participation in deviant and aggressive tendencies in a variety of settings. The sport of hockey is unique from other sports in its acceptance o f aggression and violence in the form o f fighting within the athletic arena, and this may be true in both on- and off-ice aggressive behaviors. Male hockey players, therefore, may be at risk for participation in deviant aggression both within and outside of their sports involvement because of their unique sports socialization. Twenty-three former college or professional hockey players were interviewed to determine their perspectives on the frequency and nature of deviancy. aggression, and violence which exists outside of the athletic arena. Using qualitative, semi-structured interviews, which lasted between one and one-half hours and three and one-half hours, the participants were asked to provide information regarding deviancy and aggression toward other males and female intimates which occurred outside of the sports context. Social learning theory concepts of modeling and reinforcement guided many of the explanations and motivations for athletes’ aggressive behaviors. Content analysis was used to identify salient themes which accounted for the athletes' aggressive behaviors and included such influences as substance abuse, family of origin violence, sports ii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. socialization and masculinity influences, and negative attitudes toward women. This analysis included the participants’ own experiences, observations, and explanations of aggression which is prevalent and unique to the culture of hockey. The study findings provide a greater understanding of the ways in which substance abuse, hockey socialization, and the athletes' notions about masculinity may combine to create a culture of aggression and violence which contributes to the frequency of in-sport violence and the exportation of aggression outside the athletic arena. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Dedicated to my advisor Patrick McKenry and my partner Cathy Grover iv Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Many people have contributed to my work over the past four years, and I am happy to take this opportunity to express my deep and sincere appreciation for all their time and effort. I would like to begin by thanking all of the athletes who participated in this study for taking their time to share their experiences and opening their lives to me. Next 1 would like to greatly thank my advisor and friend, Professor Patrick C. McKenry for all of his unwavering support, time, and effort throughout these past four years. I have greatly appreciated all of his efforts which have continuously gone over and above the call of duty on this study as well as other projects. I would not be where I am today in terms of my intellectual development without Dr. McKenry's guidance and efforts. I would also like to thank Professor Timothy Curry for all of his contributions to my intellectual development in the area of Sports Sociology which has been one of my most enjoyable areas of study. Furthermore, I want to particularly thank Dr. Curry for prompting me to pursue qualitative research because this has opened countless opportunities for future projects in which I eagerly await. I would also like to acknowledge the significant contribution that Professor Jerelyn Schultz has made to my academic pursuits particularly in the area of sexual and relational issues. Dr. Schultz has provided me with learning that has been readily applied v Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. applied to my studies on athlete aggression, and this has greatly enhanced my overall understanding of these issues. I have greatly appreciated all of her continuous support. In addition. I would also like to recognize Professor Steven Gavazzi for all of his contributions and support as a both a class Professor and as a General Exam committee member who was always willing to assist me whenever necessary. I also want to recognize Dr. Christine Price for all of her time and consultations in the area of qualitative research. Furthermore. I would like to recognize the substantial support that I have received from our Department Chair. Dr. Albert Davis. I have called upon Dr. Davis' guidance and insights in numerous instances both academically and professionally, and I have enjoyed and appreciated both his time and wisdom. I would also like to take this time to thank all of my family and all of my friends for their support and encouraging me to strive to do my best in whatever pursuits I have chosen. Last, but most important, I would like to thank my special friend and partner Cathy for all of her love and assistance throughout this project and most of my time at Ohio State. Cathy has shared so much of herself in so many areas that this paragraph could easily become its own mini-dissertation. Thank you so much Cathy. vi Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. VITA September 24. 1961 ...............................Bom - Chicago. Illinois 1985............................................................B. S., Education The Pennsylvania State University State College, PA 1996 ............................................................M. Ed., Counselor Education Ohio University Athens, O H 1998 - present.........................................Graduate Teaching Associate / Instructor, Department of Human Development and Family Science. The Ohio State University Columbus, OH PUBLICATIONS 1. Pappas. N. T., McKenry, P. C., & Catlett, B. S. (in press). On the Rink and Off the Ice: Athlete Violence and Aggression in Hockey and Interpersonal Relationships. Men and Masculinities. 2. Barletta. J.. Beamish. P.. Patrick, M.. Anderson. K.. & Pappas. N. (1996). Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Emerging standard of care. Psychotherapy in Private Practice. 15(1). 19-31. FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: Human Ecology Cognate Area: Sociology of Sport vii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................................ ii D ED IC A TIO N .......................................................................................................................................... iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS..................................................................................................................... v VITA ...........................................................................................................................................................vii LIST OF TABLES...................................................................................................................................xi

Load more