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Intermountain Planting Guide

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Intermountain Planting Guide AG 510510AG USDA-ARS-Forage and Range Research Lab, Logan, Utah, in conjunction with Utah State University Extension PLANTING GUIDE 105 WWWriters and Compilers Kevin Jensen, Howard Horton, Ron Reed, Ralph Whitesides, and USDA-ARS-FRRL Utah State University, Logan Utah. 435-797-3066, E-mail: [email protected] ContributorsContributorsContributors Extension Specialist – Robert Newhall, Plants, Soils, Biometeorology Dept. Utah State University, 435-797-2183, E-mail: [email protected] Fertilization – Dr. Richard Koenig, Plants, Soils, and Biometeorology Dept. Utah State University, 435-797-2278, E-mail: [email protected] Irrigation – Dr. Robert Hill, Biology and Irrigation Engineering Dept. Utah State University, 435-797-1248, E-mail: [email protected] Weed Control – Dr. Steven Dewey, Plants, Soils, and Biometeorology Dept. Utah State University, 435-797-2256, E-mail: [email protected] Seed Quality – Dr. Stanford Young, Plants, Soils, and Biometeorology Dept. Utah State University, 435-797-2082, E-mail: [email protected] Riparian/Wetland Systems – Chris Hoag, Wettland Plant Ecologist, Interagency Riparian/Wetland Project, Plant Materials Center, USDA-NRCS, Aberdeen, Idaho Plant Materials Specialist and Riparian/Wetland Systems – Dan Ogle, USDA-NRCS, Boise, Idaho, 208-378-5730 Major RRMajor eferences Consulted Cool-Season Forage Grass Monograph. 1996. Editors L.E. Moser, D.R. Buxton, and M.D. Casler. American Society of Agronomy Number 34. Alberta Forage Manual. 1992. Print Media Branch, Alberta Agriculture, 7000-113 Street, Edmonton, Alberta, T6H 5T6. Forages Volume 1: An Introduction to Grassland Agriculture. 1995. Editors R.F. Barnes, D.A. Miller, and C.J. Miller. Iowa State University Press. USDA, NRCS 1999. The PLANTS database (http://plants.usda.gov/plants). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA. Holmgren, A.H., and N.H. Holmgren. 1977. Poaceae. In A.Cronquist, A.H. Holmgren, N.H. Holmgren, J.L. Reveal, and P.K. Holmgren (eds.) Intermountain Flora, vol. 6. Columbia Univ. Press, New York. Alderson, J., and W.C. Sharp. 1994. Grass Varieties in the United States. USDA Agric. Handbook No. 170. U.S. Gov. Print. Office, Washington, DC. Hitchcock, A.S. 1951. Tribe 3. Hordeae, p. 229-275. In Agnes Chase (ed.) Second Edition, Manual of the Grasses of the United States. U.S.D.A. Misc. Publ, 200. U.S. Govt. Printing Office, Washington DC. Forest Service-USDA-Range Plants Handbook. 1937. United States Government Printing Office, Washington DC. 106106106 INTERMOUNTAINAINAIN TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page Key to Planting Tables .............................................................................................................................2 Factors Affecting a Successful Seeding.................................................................................................... 3 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Seed Quality ...................................................................................................................................... 3 Certified Seed .................................................................................................................................... 5 Establishing and Managing an Irrigated Pasture Seeding ....................................................................... 5 Time of Seeding ................................................................................................................................ 5 Seedbed Preparation ......................................................................................................................... 6 Seeding Depth.................................................................................................................................. 6 Equipment ........................................................................................................................................ 6 Choice of Plant Material ................................................................................................................... 6 Fertilization ....................................................................................................................................... 7 Irrigation ............................................................................................................................................ 7 Weed Control..................................................................................................................................... 8 Grazing Systems .............................................................................................................................. 10 Establishing and Managing a Rangeland and Dry Pastureland Seeding ................................................ 12 Time of Seeding .............................................................................................................................. 12 Seedbed Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 12 Seeding Depth................................................................................................................................. 13 Equipment ....................................................................................................................................... 13 Choice of Plant Material ................................................................................................................. 13 Fertilization ..................................................................................................................................... 13 Weed Control................................................................................................................................... 13 Grazing Systems .............................................................................................................................. 14 Establishing and Managing a Soil Stabilization Seeding ....................................................................... 14 Seeding Tables – Seeding Alternatives for Pastures of the Intermountain Region ................................ 15 Seeding Alternatives for Rangelands of the Intermountain Region ........................... 20 Seeding Alternatives for Stabilization Plantings in the Intermountain Region .........29 Establishment and Management of Riparian Wetlands .........................................................................33 Establishment and Management of Constructed Wetland Systems ......................................................40 Appendix A. Description of Species ...................................................................................................... 43 Characteristics of Grasses ............................................................................................................... 46 Characteristics of Grasslike Species (Rushes and Sedges) ............................................................. 75 Characteristics of Forbs and Legumes ............................................................................................79 Characteristics of Woody Plants (Shrubs, Willows, Trees) ............................................................. 89 Appendix B. Common and Scientific Names of Species Listed ......................................................... 102 PLANTING GUIDE 1 KEY TO PLANTING TABLES IRRIGRATED PASTURE PLANTINGS Adequate Irrigation Water: Table I-1................................................................................................................................ 15 Adequate Irrigation Saline Soils: Table I-2 ..................................................................................................................... 16 Inadequate Irrigation Spring and Early Summer Irrigation: Table I-3 ............................................................................. 17 Inadequate Irrigation Saline Soils: Table I-4 ................................................................................................................... 18 Water Table ....................................................................................................................................................................... 19 RANGELAND PLANTINGS High Mountain Ecosystems Subalpine (35+ in precip.): Table R-1 ........................................................................................................................ 20 Mixed Conifer (30+ in precip.): Table R-2 ............................................................................................................... 21 Aspen Conifer and Maple (25 to 30 in precip.): Table R-3....................................................................................... 22 Mountain Big Sagebrush-Grass (18 to 25 in precip.): Table R-4.............................................................................. 23 Upland Ecosystems Big Sagebrush and Pinyon Juniper-Grass (14 to 18 in precip.): Table R-5 .............................................................. 24 Big Sagebrush-Grass (12 to 16 in precip.): Table R-6 .............................................................................................. 25 Semi-Desert Ecosystems Wyoming Big Sagebrush (8 to 12 in precip.): Table R-7 .......................................................................................... 26 Black Greasewood and Saltbush (8 to 12 in precip.): Table R-8 .............................................................................
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