Website F Barium May Damage the Kidneys
Right to Know
Hazardous Substance Fact Sheet
Synonyms: Barium Dinitrate CAS Number: 10022-31-8 Chemical Name: Nitric Acid, Barium Salt RTK Substance Number: 0186 Date: June 2001 Revision: May 2010 DOT Number: UN 1446
Description and Use EMERGENCY RESPONDERS >>>> SEE LAST PAGE Barium Nitrate is a colorless to white, odorless, crystalline Hazard Summary (sand-like) powder. It is used in making fireworks, for green Hazard Rating NJDOH NFPA lights and neon lights, and in ceramic glazes. HEALTH 2 - FLAMMABILITY 0 - REACTIVITY 0 - STRONG OXIDIZER POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE DOES NOT BURN Reasons for Citation Hazard Rating Key: 0=minimal; 1=slight; 2=moderate; 3=serious; f Barium Nitrate is on the Right to Know Hazardous 4=severe Substance List because it is cited by OSHA, ACGIH, DOT, NIOSH, DEP and EPA. f Barium Nitrate can affect you when inhaled. f Contact can irritate and burn the skin and eyes.
f Inhaling Barium Nitrate can irritate the nose, throat and
lungs.
f Very high exposure to Barium Nitrate can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, irregular heartbeat, muscle weakness, tremors, paralysis, and even death. f Barium Nitrate may damage the kidneys SEE GLOSSARY ON PAGE 5. f Repeated exposure may cause an abnormal chest x-ray. This usually takes years to develop. FIRST AID f Barium Nitrate is not combustible, but it is a STRONG OXIDIZER that enhances the combustion of other Eye Contact substances. f Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower lids. Remove contact lenses, if worn, while rinsing. Workplace Exposure Limits Skin Contact f Quickly remove contaminated clothing. Immediately wash The following exposure limits are for soluble Barium contaminated skin with large amounts of water. compounds (measured as Barium):
Inhalation OSHA: The legal airborne permissible exposure limit (PEL) is 3 f Remove the person from exposure. 0.5 mg/m averaged over an 8-hour workshift. f Begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions) if NIOSH: The recommended airborne exposure limit (REL) is breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. 3 f Transfer promptly to a medical facility. 0.5 mg/m averaged over a 10-hour workshift.
ACGIH: The threshold limit value (TLV) is 0.5 mg/m3 EMERGENCY NUMBERS averaged over an 8-hour workshift. Poison Control: 1-800-222-1222 CHEMTREC: 1-800-424-9300 NJDEP Hotline: 1-877-927-6337 National Response Center: 1-800-424-8802
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Determining Your Exposure Reproductive Hazard f According to the information presently available to the New f Read the product manufacturer’s Material Safety Data Jersey Department of Health, Barium Nitrate has not been Sheet (MSDS) and the label to determine product tested for its ability to affect reproduction. ingredients and important safety and health information about the product mixture. Other Effects f Barium Nitrate can irritate the lungs. Repeated exposure f For each individual hazardous ingredient, read the New may cause bronchitis to develop with coughing, phlegm, Jersey Department of Health Hazardous Substance Fact and/or shortness of breath. Sheet, available on the RTK website f Barium may damage the kidneys. (www.nj.gov/health/eoh/rtkweb) or in your facility’s RTK f Repeated exposure may cause an abnormal chest x-ray. Central File or Hazard Communication Standard file. This usually takes years to develop.
f You have a right to this information under the New Jersey
Worker and Community Right to Know Act and the Public Employees Occupational Safety and Health (PEOSH) Act Medical if you are a public worker in New Jersey, and under the Medical Testing federal Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) if you For frequent or potentially high exposure (half the PEL or are a private worker. greater), the following are recommended before beginning work and at regular times after that: f The New Jersey Right to Know Act requires most employers to label chemicals in the workplace and f Lung function tests requires public employers to provide their employees with f Kidney function tests information concerning chemical hazards and controls. The federal OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 If symptoms develop or overexposure is suspected, the following are recommended: CFR 1910.1200) and the PEOSH Hazard Communication
Standard (N.J.A.C. 12:100-7) require employers to provide f EKG similar information and training to their employees. f Chest x-ray
This Fact Sheet is a summary of available information Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and regarding the health hazards that may result from exposure. present symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance and other damage already done are not a substitute for controlling factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the potential exposure. effects described below. Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal right to this information under the OSHA Access to Employee Health Hazard Information Exposure and Medical Records Standard (29 CFR 1910.1020).
Acute Health Effects Mixed Exposures The following acute (short-term) health effects may occur f Smoking can cause heart disease, lung cancer, immediately or shortly after exposure to Barium Nitrate: emphysema, and other respiratory problems. It may worsen
respiratory conditions caused by chemical exposure. Even if f Contact can irritate and burn the skin and eyes. you have smoked for a long time, stopping now will reduce f Inhaling Barium Nitrate can irritate the nose, throat and your risk of developing health problems. lungs causing coughing, wheezing and/or shortness of
breath. f Very high exposure to Barium Nitrate can cause nausea,
vomiting, diarrhea, irregular heartbeat, muscle weakness,
tremors, paralysis, and even death.
Chronic Health Effects The following chronic (long-term) health effects can occur at some time after exposure to Barium Nitrate and can last for months or years:
Cancer Hazard f According to the information presently available to the New Jersey Department of Health, Barium Nitrate has not been tested for its ability to cause cancer in animals.
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Workplace Controls and Practices Eye Protection Very toxic chemicals, or those that are reproductive hazards or f Wear eye protection with side shields or goggles. sensitizers, require expert advice on control measures if a less f Wear a face shield along with goggles when working with toxic chemical cannot be substituted. Control measures corrosive, highly irritating or toxic substances. include: (1) enclosing chemical processes for severely irritating and corrosive chemicals, (2) using local exhaust Respiratory Protection ventilation for chemicals that may be harmful with a single Improper use of respirators is dangerous. Respirators exposure, and (3) using general ventilation to control should only be used if the employer has implemented a written exposures to skin and eye irritants. For further information on program that takes into account workplace conditions, workplace controls, consult the NIOSH document on Control requirements for worker training, respirator fit testing, and Banding at www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/ctrlbanding/. medical exams, as described in the OSHA Respiratory The following work practices are also recommended: Protection Standard (29 CFR 1910.134).
3 f Label process containers. f Where the potential exists for exposure over 0.5 mg/m (as f Provide employees with hazard information and training. Barium), use a NIOSH approved negative pressure, air- f Monitor airborne chemical concentrations. purifying, particulate filter respirator with an N, R or P95 f Use engineering controls if concentrations exceed filter. More protection is provided by a full facepiece recommended exposure levels. respirator than by a half-mask respirator, and even greater f Provide eye wash fountains and emergency showers. protection is provided by a powered-air purifying respirator. f Wash or shower if skin comes in contact with a hazardous f Leave the area immediately if (1) while wearing a filter or material. cartridge respirator you can smell, taste, or otherwise detect f Always wash at the end of the workshift. Barium Nitrate, (2) while wearing particulate filters f Change into clean clothing if clothing becomes abnormal resistance to breathing is experienced, or (3) eye contaminated. irritation occurs while wearing a full facepiece respirator. f Do not take contaminated clothing home. Check to make sure the respirator-to-face seal is still good. f Get special training to wash contaminated clothing. If it is, replace the filter or cartridge. If the seal is no longer f Do not eat, smoke, or drink in areas where chemicals are good, you may need a new respirator. being handled, processed or stored. f Consider all potential sources of exposure in your workplace. f Wash hands carefully before eating, smoking, drinking, You may need a combination of filters, prefilters or cartridges applying cosmetics or using the toilet. to protect against different forms of a chemical (such as vapor and mist) or against a mixture of chemicals. In addition, the following may be useful or required: f Where the potential for high exposure exists, use a NIOSH approved supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece f Use a vacuum or a wet method to reduce dust during clean- operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure up. DO NOT DRY SWEEP. mode. For increased protection use in combination with an auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus or an
emergency escape air cylinder. f Exposure to 50 mg/m3 (as Barium) is immediately Personal Protective Equipment dangerous to life and health. If the possibility of exposure above 50 mg/m3 (as Barium) exists, use a NIOSH approved The OSHA Personal Protective Equipment Standard (29 CFR self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece 1910.132) requires employers to determine the appropriate operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure personal protective equipment for each hazard and to train mode equipped with an emergency escape air cylinder. employees on how and when to use protective equipment.
The following recommendations are only guidelines and may Fire Hazards not apply to every situation. If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be trained and equipped as stated in the OSHA Fire Brigades Standard Gloves and Clothing (29 CFR 1910.156). f Avoid skin contact with Barium Nitrate. Wear personal protective equipment made from material which can not be f Barium Nitrate is not combustible, but it is a STRONG permeated or degraded by this substance. Safety OXIDIZER that enhances the combustion of other equipment suppliers and manufacturers can provide substances. recommendations on the most protective glove and clothing f Use water only. DO NOT USE CO2 as an extinguishing material for your operation. agent. f Safety equipment manufacturers recommend Nitrile and f POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE, including Natural Rubber for gloves, and Tyvek®, or the equivalent, as Nitrogen Oxides and Barium Oxides. a protective clothing material. f Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. f All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear) f Barium Nitrate may ignite combustibles (wood, paper and should be clean, available each day, and put on before work. oil).
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Spills and Emergencies Occupational Health Information If employees are required to clean-up spills, they must be Resources properly trained and equipped. The OSHA Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response Standard (29 CFR The New Jersey Department of Health offers multiple services 1910.120) may apply. in occupational health. These services include providing informational resources, educational materials, public If Barium Nitrate is spilled, take the following steps: presentations, and industrial hygiene and medical investigations and evaluations. f Evacuate personnel and secure and control entrance to the area. f Eliminate all ignition sources. f Moisten spilled material first or use a HEPA-filter vacuum for For more information, please contact: clean-up and place into sealed containers for disposal. f Ventilate and wash area after clean-up is complete. New Jersey Department of Health f DO NOT wash into sewer. Right to Know f It may be necessary to contain and dispose of Barium PO Box 368 Nitrate as a HAZARDOUS WASTE. Contact your state Trenton, NJ 08625-0368 Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) or your regional office of the federal Environmental Protection Phone: 609-984-2202 Agency (EPA) for specific recommendations. Fax: 609-984-7407 E-mail: [email protected] Web address: http://www.nj.gov/health/eoh/rtkweb Handling and Storage The Right to Know Hazardous Substance Fact Sheets Prior to working with Barium Nitrate you should be trained on are not intended to be copied and sold its proper handling and storage. for commercial purposes. f Barium Nitrate may react with COMBUSTIBLES; CHEMICALLY ACTIVE METALS (such as ALUMINUM, MAGNESIUM and ZINC); and METAL POWDERS to cause a fire or explosion. f Barium Nitrate is not compatible with OXIDIZING AGENTS (such as PERCHLORATES, PEROXIDES, PERMANGANATES, CHLORATES, NITRATES, CHLORINE, BROMINE and FLUORINE) and STRONG ACIDS (such as HYDROCHLORIC, SULFURIC and NITRIC). f Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from COMBUSTIBLES.
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GLOSSARY
ACGIH is the American Conference of Governmental Industrial LEL or Lower Explosive Limit, is the lowest concentration of Hygienists. They publish guidelines called Threshold Limit a combustible substance (gas or vapor) in the air capable of Values (TLVs) for exposure to workplace chemicals. continuing an explosion.
mg/m3 means milligrams of a chemical in a cubic meter of air. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) are established It is a measure of concentration (weight/volume). by the EPA. They describe the risk to humans resulting from once-in-a lifetime, or rare, exposure to airborne chemicals. A mutagen is a substance that causes mutations. A mutation
is a change in the genetic material in a body cell. Mutations Boiling point is the temperature at which a substance can can lead to birth defects, miscarriages, or cancer. change its physical state from a liquid to a gas.
NFPA is the National Fire Protection Association. It classifies A carcinogen is a substance that causes cancer. substances according to their fire and explosion hazard.
The CAS number is unique, identifying number, assigned by NIOSH is the National Institute for Occupational Safety and the Chemical Abstracts Service, to a specific chemical. Health. It tests equipment, evaluates and approves
respirators, conducts studies of workplace hazards, and CFR is the Code of Federal Regulations, which are the proposes standards to OSHA. regulations of the United States government.
NTP is the National Toxicology Program which tests chemicals A combustible substance is a solid, liquid or gas that will burn. and reviews evidence for cancer.
A corrosive substance is a gas, liquid or solid that causes OSHA is the federal Occupational Safety and Health destruction of human skin or severe corrosion of containers. Administration, which adopts and enforces health and safety
standards. The critical temperature is the temperature above which a gas cannot be liquefied, regardless of the pressure applied. PEOSHA is the New Jersey Public Employees Occupational
Safety and Health Act, which adopts and enforces health and DEP is the New Jersey Department of Environmental safety standards in public workplaces. Protection.
Permeated is the movement of chemicals through protective DOT is the Department of Transportation, the federal agency materials. that regulates the transportation of chemicals.
ppm means parts of a substance per million parts of air. It is a EPA is the Environmental Protection Agency, the federal measure of concentration by volume in air. agency responsible for regulating environmental hazards.
Protective Action Criteria (PAC) are values established by ERG is the Emergency Response Guidebook. It is a guide for the Department of Energy and are based on AEGLs and emergency responders for transportation emergencies ERPGs. They are used for emergency planning of chemical involving hazardous substances. release events.
Emergency Response Planning Guideline (ERPG) values A reactive substance is a solid, liquid or gas that releases provide estimates of concentration ranges where one energy under certain conditions. reasonably might anticipate observing adverse effects.
STEL is a Short Term Exposure Limit which is usually a 15- A fetus is an unborn human or animal. minute exposure that should not be exceeded at any time
during a work day. A flammable substance is a solid, liquid, vapor or gas that will ignite easily and burn rapidly. A teratogen is a substance that causes birth defects by
damaging the fetus. The flash point is the temperature at which a liquid or solid gives off vapor that can form a flammable mixture with air. UEL or Upper Explosive Limit is the highest concentration in
air above which there is too much fuel (gas or vapor) to begin a IARC is the International Agency for Research on Cancer, a reaction or explosion. scientific group.
Vapor Density is the ratio of the weight of a given volume of Ionization Potential is the amount of energy needed to one gas to the weight of another (usually Air), at the same remove an electron from an atom or molecule. It is measured temperature and pressure. in electron volts.
The vapor pressure is a force exerted by the vapor in IRIS is the Integrated Risk Information System database on equilibrium with the solid or liquid phase of the same human health effects that may result from exposure to various substance. The higher the vapor pressure the higher chemicals, maintained by federal EPA. concentration of the substance in air.
Right to Know Hazardous Substance Fact Sheet
Common Name: BARIUM NITRATE Synonyms: Barium Dinitrate; Nitric Acid, Barium Salt CAS No: 10022-31-8 Molecular Formula: BaN2O6 RTK Substance No: 0186 Description: Colorless to white, odorless, crystalline powder
HAZARD DATA Hazard Rating Firefighting Reactivity 2 - Health Barium Nitrate is not combustible, but it is a Barium Nitrate may react with COMBUSTIBLES; STRONG OXIDIZER that enhances the CHEMICALLY ACTIVE METALS (such as ALUMINUM, 0 - Fire combustion of other substances. MAGNESIUM and ZINC); and METAL POWDERS to cause a fire or explosion. 0 - Reactivity Use water only. DO NOT USE CO2 as an extinguishing agent. Barium Nitrate is not compatible with OXIDIZING DOT#: UN 1446 POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE, AGENTS (such as PERCHLORATES, PEROXIDES, ERG Guide #: 141 including Nitrogen Oxides and Barium Oxides. PERMANGANATES, CHLORATES, NITRATES, Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers CHLORINE, BROMINE and FLUORINE) and STRONG Hazard Class: 5.1 cool. ACIDS (such as HYDROCHLORIC, SULFURIC and (Oxidizer) NITRIC). Barium Nitrate may ignite combustibles (wood, paper and oil).
SPILL/LEAKS PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Isolation Distance: Odor Threshold: Odorless Spill: 25 meters (75 feet) Flash Point: Noncombustible Fire: 800 meters (1/2 mile) Specific Gravity: 3.24 (water = 1) Moisten spilled material first or use a HEPA-filter Water Solubility: Soluble vacuum for clean-up and place into sealed containers for disposal. Boiling Point: Decomposes DO NOT wash into sewer. Melting Point: 1,098oF (610oC) Barium Nitrate is a marine pollutant and may Molecular Weight: 261.35 bioaccumulate.
EXPOSURE LIMITS PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT OSHA: 0.5 mg/m3, 8-hr TWA Gloves: Nitrile and Natural Rubber NIOSH: 0.5 mg/m3, 10-hr TWA ACGIH: 0.5 mg/m3, 8-hr TWA Coveralls: Tyvek® 3 IDLH: 50 mg/m Respirator: >0.5 mg/m3 - Full facepiece APR with P100 filters (All the above are for Barium) 3 The Protective Action Criteria values are: >50 mg/m - SCBA 3 3 PAC-1 = 2.5 mg/m PAC-2 = 20 mg/m PAC-3 = 95.2 mg/m3
HEALTH EFFECTS FIRST AID AND DECONTAMINATION Eyes: Irritation and burns Remove the person from exposure. Skin: Irritation and burns Flush eyes with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove Inhalation: Nose, throat and lung irritation with contact lenses if worn.
coughing, wheezing and shortness of Quickly remove contaminated clothing and wash contaminated skin with breath large amounts of water. Nausea, vomiting, irregular heartbeat, Begin artificial respiration if breathing has stopped and CPR if necessary.
muscle weakness, tremors, paralysis Transfer promptly to a medical facility. and death May 2010