Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 395 — le-tex

395

Index

a acétate-dinitrate de glycérine 151 A → 1-black blasting powder 34 acetone peroxide = tricycloacetone A → bridgewire detonator A (german. peroxide 258, 354 now obsolete) 40 acétylacétonate de ter 197 A → composition A 62 Acetyldinitroglycerin 151 AA = anti-aircraft A-IX-2 = acétylsalicylate de plomb 200 RDX/aluminum/wax 73/23/4 Acetylensilber; acétylure d’argent 290 abattage par chambre de mine = acide picramique 260 coyote blasting 63 acide picrique 260 Abbrand = combustion 60 acide styphnique 306 Abbrandgeschwindigkeit = burning acide trinitrobenzoique 361 rate 44 acquisition, handling and storing 139 abbrennen = to burn down 74 Acremite 1 Abel’s equation 19 Active Binder → Energetic Binder 119, Abel test 1, 181 154, 211, 263, 266 abkerben, abspalten → smooth ADR 2, 69 blasting 63 A.D.C. test = Adreer double cartridge Ablonite = french commercial (gap test) explosive ADN = Ammonium dinitramide 11, abschlagen einer Sprengladung → cut 332 off 66 adiabatic 1 Absperrzone = blast area 35 adobe charge = mud capping 2, 224 Abstand; Sicherheitsabstand = safety Aeroplex K = solid rocket propellant distance 139 based on KClO4 and resin Abstandsberechnung → scaled Aeroplex N = solid rocket propellant distance 283 based on NH4ClO4 and resin abstechen → dismantling 74 Aerozin = hydrazine/dimethyl- Abstichladung = jet tapper 199 hydrazine 50/50 2 Acardite → Akardite 7 A-E = single base powder accessoires pour le sautage = blasting AGARD 2 accessoires 35 Airbag 2, 149 acceptor 1 air blast 6 Accord Européen relatif au Transport airloader 6 International des Marcharndises Akardit I, II, III 7, 8, 163, 301, 332 Dangereuses par Route → A. D. R. Akremit → Acremite 1 2,70 Albanite = propellant based on → α-cellulose content 229 DINA 112

Explosives, 7. Edition, Rudolf Meyer, Josef Köhler, and Axel Homburg. ©2015WILEY-VCHVerlagGmbH&Co.KGaA.Published2015byWILEY-VCHVerlagGmbH&Co.KGaA. Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 396 — le-tex

Index 396

Alex 8 Ammonsalpeter-Sprengstoffe = Alex 20 = → composition B plus ammonium nitrate based explosives 20% aluminum 13, 166, 205 alginates 8 amorçage = priming 273 aliphatic nitramines 67, 127, 136, 175 amorce à pont = birdge-wire all fire 8 detonator 40 allumage spontané = pre-ignition 271 amorce électrique à l’étincelle = spark allumer = to inflame 193 detonator 297 allumeur 185 amorces 16, 253, 294 Almatrity = russian trade name for AN = ammonium nitrate 13 chlorate and perchlorate explosives analyse thermique différentielle = Alumatol = AN/TNT/aluminum differential thermal analysis 96 77/20/3 ANC = ANFO (german) 16 aluminum oxide 337 ANE → Ammonium Nitrate Emulsion aluminum powder 9, 10, 221, 222 14 Amatex 9 ANF-58 = liquid fuel for rocket motors, Amatol 9 say octane (USA) = Amilol = diamylphthalate 92 ANFO ammonium nitrate fuel oil 13, aminoguanidinnitrate → tetracene 16, 166, 205 315 angle shot mortar test 274 = Ammodyte = powder from Anilite mixture of N2O4 and butane commercial explosive (USA) (french) Ammoksil (Ammokcil; Ammonxyl) = A: nitrocellulose powder russian name for the mixture Anlaufstrecke = detonation AN/trinitroxylene/aluminum development distance 88 82/12/6 Antenne → bus wire 46 Ammonal = powder form commercial antigrisouteux → permitted explosives explosive 254 ammoniinaya selitra = ammonium antilueur = muzzle flash damping nitrate (russian) additive (french) ammonium azide 10 antimony (in delay compositions) 73 ammonium chlorate 58 anwürgen = crimping 65 ammonium chloride 11, 247, 332 anzünden = to inflame 193 ammonium dichromate 11 Anzünder = squib 185, 300 Ammonium dinitramide 11, 332 Anzündhütchen = amorce 16, 253, ammonium nitrate 12, 13, 16, 35, 127, 294 163, 222, 246, 324, 332 Anzündkette = igniter train 186 Ammonium Nitrate Emulsion (ANE) 14 Anzündlitze = igniter cord 186 ammonium nitrate explosive 13, 16 Anzündlitzenverbinder = igniter cord ammonium oxalate 332 connectors 186 ammonium perchlorate 14, 62, 166, Anzündschraube = fuze head 149 246, 247, 332 Anzündverzug = functioning time ammonium picrate 16 148 Ammonpek = AN/tar 93/5 (russian) APC = ammonium perchlorate 14 Ammonpulver = ammonium nitrate APU 16 containing gun powder, now aquarium test 17, 304 obsolete (german) Arbeitsvermögen = strength 303 Ammonsalpeter = ammonium nitrate area ratio = propellant area ratio 12 (“Klemmung”) 274 Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 397 — le-tex

397 Index

Argol = crude potassium hydrogen Bachmann process (RDX-Synthesis) 69 tartrate = muzzle flash damping ballistic bomb 19 additive ballistic modfiers 140, 200, 206 argon flash 17 ballistic mortar 22, 36, 303 armor plate impact test 17, 273 Ballistite = double base powder with Armstrongblastingmethod18 high percentage of nitroglycerine aromatic nitramines 136 ball powder 25, 159 ARRADCOM (Picatinny Arsenal) 18 BAM = Bundesanstalt für Arsol = trimethylene trinitrosamine Materialprüfung (german) 25, 144, 67 163, 190 Artillerietreibmittel → gun powder BAM testing methods 144, 163, 190 158 banc d’essai = rocket test stand 279 as dimethylhydrazine 98 Baratols 25 ASTM = American Society for Testing barium chlorate 25 Materials barium nitrate 26, 163, 332 Astrolite 18 barium perchlorate 26 AT = anti-tank = armor piercing barium sulfate 163, 337 weapon Barlow bomb = mixture of liquid Athodyd = aerodynamic-thermo- oxygen with fuel dynamic = ramjet Baronal = mixture of barium nitrate Attrappen = mock explosives 222 with TNT and aluminum 50/35/15 Audibert tube 18, 255 barricade 26 Auflegerladung = mud cap 2, 42, 224 base bleed propellants 28 Aunt Jemima = 80% fine ground HMX base charge 28 (→ Octogen) and 20% plain, old bâtiment habite = inhabited building flour. It served for camouflage 139 storage of sabotage explosive in Bazooka 28 World War II. B-black blasting powder 28, 34 = Aurol concentrated hydrogen Bengal fire works → pyrotechnical peroxide (german) 19 compositions 277 → Ausbauchung lead block test 201 Benzit = trinitrobenzene (german) = aushärten curing 66 360 = ausschwitzen exudation 139 benzoyl peroxide 28 = Ausströmungsgeschwindigkeit jet Bergbau-Versuchsstrecke = german velocity 150 institution for testing and amittance average burning rate 19 of permissible explosives, azides 10, 19, 200, 290, 354 detonators and accessories 363 azoture d’ammonium 10 Bergmann–Junk-test 29, 181 azoture d’argent 290 Bernoulli’s equation 296 azoturedeplomb200 Berstscheibe = safety diaphragm 281 azotures 190, 200, 290, 354 Berthollet’s detonating silver 291 Besatz = stemming 302 b Beschußempfindlichkeit = bullet B → B-black powder 28, 34 impact sensitivity 42, 273, 279 B → composition B 62 bewohntes Gebäude = inhabited B → poudre B = nitrocellulose powder building 139 (french) 270 BF-125; -154 = polysulfide binder B → B-Stoff = german tarning name propellant (thiokol) for methanol BGO; BGY; BIC; BID; BIE; BIL; BIM; BIP; B4 = mixture 60–70% trinitroanisol BLB; BLC: various castable double and 30–40% aluminum (italy) base propellants (USA) Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 398 — le-tex

Index 398

Bichel bomb 30, 364 Böllerpulver → black powder 34 Bickford’s safety fuse 281 Bohrlochabstand = spacing 296 bilan d’oxygène = oxygen balance Bohrlochpfeife = bootleg 39 247 Bohrpatrone (german) = 100 g Bildungs-Energie-Enthalpie = forma- press-molded cylindrical charge of tion energy (enthalpy) 120, 332 TNT billet 30 Boloron = mixture of concentrated binder 30 nitric acid and dinitrochlorobenzene binary explosives → Astrolite, Hydan (Austria) 209 14, 182 bomb drop test 38 bipropellant 196 bombe Bichel 30 bis-cyclopentadienyl-Eisen = bombe Crawford 65 ferrocene 140 bombe pour essais balistiques 19 bis(2,2-Dinitro propyl)acetal, BDNPA Bonit = mixtures of RDX, TNT with and 31 without aluminum (swedish) bis(2,2-Dinitro propyl)acetal/formal, boom powder 38 BDNPA/F 31 booster 39, 92, 117 bishydroxylammonium5,5′-bis- booster sensitivity test 39 (tetrazolate-1N-oxide) 32 bootleg 39 bis(nitramino)triazinone 32 Boronite A, B, C = mixtures of AN, TNT BITA = aziridine curing agent 30 and boron bi-trinitroethylnitramine 30 Borotorpex = castable mixture of RDX, bi-trinitroethylurea 34 TNT and boron, e. g., 46/44/10 (USA) BKW = Becker Kistiakowsky Wilson boss 39 state equation bouclier contre l’érosion = flame shield black powder 28, 34, 121, 277 142 Blättchenpulver → gun powder 158 Boudouard equilibrium 328, 342 Blasgeräte = air loaders; also → boullies = slurries 293, 365 pneumatic placing 6, 263 bourrage = stemming 302 blast area 35 bourrage à l’eau = water stemming blast effect 6 365 blaster; shot firer 35, 290 bourroir 311 blasting accessories 35 boutefeu = blaster; shot firer 35, 290 blasting agent 13, 16, 35, 36, 42, 193, BP = russian abbreviation name for → 195, 260 shaped charges blasting galvanometer = circuit tester BPZ russian denomination for hollow 58 charges with incendiary effect bullet squib 42 branchement en parallèle = parallel blasting gelatin 22, 36, 144, 205 connection 248 blasting machines 36, 40 break 39 blasting mat 37 break test 256 blasting soluble nitrocotton 229 breech 40 blasting switch 38 Brenngeschwindigkeit = burning rate Bleiacetylsalicylat 200 44 Bleiethylhexanoat 206 Brennkammer = case; combustion Bleiazid 200 chamber 60 Bleiblockausbauchung = lead block Brennschluß = end of burning 119 test 201 Brennschlußgeschwindigkeit = Bleinitrat 206 endburning velocity 119 Blei-Trizinat 207 Brennstoff = fuel 146 BN = barium nitrate 26 bridgewire detonators 40, 92 Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 399 — le-tex

399 Index

brisance 41, 82, 370 calcium carbonate 332, 337 Brückenzünder = bridgewire calcium nitrate 47, 333 detonator 40 calcium potassium styphnate 48 brulage = combustion 60 calcium stearate 333 brûlage regressive = regressive calculation of explosives and gun burning 277 powders 321 B-Stoff = german tarning name for calorimetric bomb 162 methylalcohol camphor; camphre 49, 163, 301, 333 = BSX 1,7-diacetoxy-2,4,6-tetra- Candelilla wax 163 methylene-2,4,6-trinitramine = cannon (testing device in test galleries) BTM castable mixture of Tetryl, TNT 255 and aluminum 55/25/20 caps, detonating 193, 195, 200, 260 BTNENA = bi-trinitroethylnitramine cap sensitivity; cap test 49 30 capacitator (blasting) machines 36 BTNEU = bi-trinitroethylurea 34 = Carbamite = ethylcentralite 56 BTTN butanetriol trinitrate 47 = bulk density 41 Carbitol diethylenglycol bulk mix; bulk mix delivery equipment monoethylether (USA) = 41 carbazol tetranitrocarbazol 313 bulk powder = porous nitrocellulose carbon black 163 powder for hunting carbon dioxide 337 bulk strength 42, 303 carbon oxide 337 bulldoze = mudcap 42 carboxyl-terminated polybutadiene bullet impact 195 62, 335 bullet resistant 42 cardial medicine 125, 199 bullet sensitive explosive material 43 Cardox blasting process 52, 149 bullet hit squib 42 cartouche = cartridge 52 Bundesanstalt für Materialprüfung; cartridge 52 BAM 25, 144, 163, 190 cartridge density 53 burden 43 cartridge strength 53 Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and case = combustion chamber 60 Firearms 43 case bonding 53, 114, 295 Bureau of Explosives 43 caseless ammunition 54 Bureau of Mines 372 → casting of explosives 55 burning chamber combustion casting of propellants 55 chamber 60 Catergol = catalytic decomposing burning rate 19, 44, 60, 65, 124 rocket propellant (e. g., hydrazine) bus wire 46 cavity effect 287 Butarez = carboxy terminated CBI = clean burning igniter (USA) poly-butadiene (german) = butanetriol trinitrate 47 CBS plastic explosive composed of BWC = board wood cellulose (UK) 84% RDX, 16% butyl stearate plus BZ = russian abbreviation for armor 1,5 stabilizer = piercing charges with incendiary CBS-132 K; -163 A composite rocket effect propellants (USA) C.C. = collodion cotton = c nitrocellulose 11–12% N (UK) 227 C → composition C 62 C.C.-propellants = “Cyclonit cannon” = = CA1 nitrocellulose 12% N for RDX containing gun powders (USA) lacquers 228 CDB-propellants = combined = CA2 nitrocellulose 11–12,5% N for composite and double base rocket blasting gelatin (french) propellants (german) Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 400 — le-tex

Index 400

CDT (80) = castable double base chlorate de barium 25 propellant (USA) chlorate de potassium 268 CE = Tetryl (UK) 316 chlorate de sodium 294 CEF = tri-β-chloroethylphosphate chlorate explosives 58 Cellamite = ammonium nitrate chlorodinitrobenzene 100 industrial explosive (french) chlorotrifluoride 246 cellular explosive = foam explosive chlorure d’ammonium 11 with closed cavities (USA) chlorure de picryle 362 = Celluloidwolle nitrocellulose with Chornyi porokh = black powder about 11% N (german) (russian) 34 Cellulose Acetate Butyrate, CAB 55 chromite de cuivre 63 → Cellulosenitrat nitrocellulose 227 “cigarette”-burning 58, 140 = Centralit I, II, III stabilizers (german) circuit en série 287 56, 57, 158, 163, 301, 333 = circuit parallele 287 Centralite TA ammonium nitrate circuit tester 58 industrial explosive (Belgium) C–J = Chapman–Jouguet-condition CH , methane, fire damp 254 4 → detonation 78 Chakatsuyaku = TNT (Japan) 342 CL20 = Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzi- chaleur de combustion = heat of tane 175 combustion 162 class A; class B; class C explosives 59 chaleur de formation = energy of class I, II, III = german safety classes for formation 120 permitted explosives 256 chaleur d’explosion = heat of clearing blasts in oil and gas wells 77 explosion 162 = chaleur partielle d’explosion = partial Cloratita chlorate explosive (spanish) heat of explosion 163 58 chambredecombustion60 closed vessel 19 chambre de mine, abattage par = coal-cement pipe, detonation coyote blasting 64 transmission in 85 channel effect 58 coal dust 59, 333 = chantier de tir = blast area 35 coated surface smoothed → Chapman–Jouguet point 83 propellant; ball powder 25 Charbonniers equation 45, 295 coefficient of detonation transmission charcoal 34 85 → charge creuse = hollow charge; coefficient de selfexitation shaped charge 66, 287 sympathetic detonation 85 charge d’armorcage = primer charge coefficient d’utilisation pratique c.u.p. → 273 (french) lead block test 201 → charge de base = base charge 28 collodion nitrocellulose 227 charge excitatrice = donor charge 116 Collodiumwolle = nitrocellulose charges génératrices de gaz = gas 12–12,6% N (german) generating units 3, 149 column charge 59 charges nucléaires = nuclear charges comburant = oxidizer 246 charge réceptrice = acceptor charge 1 combustibility 59 chargeurs pneumatiques = air loaders combustible = fuel 146 6 combustible cartridge cases 60 Chauyaku = RDX (Japan) 67 combustion 60 Cheddite = chlorate explosive (swiss) combustion chamber 60 Chemecol blasting process 148 combustion érosive = erosive burning Chilesalpeter = sodium nitrate 124 (german) 294 combustion heat 162 Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 401 — le-tex

401 Index

combustion-modifying additive 140, crater method 304 197, 200, 206 Crawford bomb 65 combustion of explosives 74 crésylite = mixture of trinitrocresol and commande de tir = blasting switch 38 picric acid (french) commercial explosives 61 crimping 65 compatibility 61 critical diameter 65 compatibility testing 372 CR-propellants = RDX containing rifle composite propellants 14, 61, 140, powders (USA) 197, 200, 206 cross section ratio → propellant area composition A etc. 62 ratio 274 composition B etc. 62 crusher 150, 370 composition C etc. 63 C.T.D. = coefficent of detonation compositions I, II 63 transmission (coefficient de self composition lumineuse = illuminant exitation) (french) 85 = composition 188, 351 CTPB carboxyl-terminated compositions pyrotechniques 277 polybutadiene (USA) 61, 335 compositions retardatrices = delay cumulative priming 65 = compositions 73 c.u.p. coefficient d’utilisation confined detonation velocity 63 pratique (french) 202 confinement 63, 302 cuprene 52 consommation specifique d’explosifs cupric salicylate 163 = explosive loading factor 134 curing 66 contained detonating fuse 63 cushion blasting 66 conventional explosive performance cutt off 66 data 323 cutting charge 66, 287 C.W. = nitrocellulose 10–12% N cook off = premature inflammation (german) 227 (→ caseless ammunition) 54 cyanur triazide 67 copperchromite 63 Cyclofive = RDX/Fivonite 53/47 Copper(I) 5-Nitrotetrazolate 65 (→page 312) (USA) cordeau Bickford = detonating fuse of Cyclonite = RDX = Hexogen 34, 62, lead coated TNT = 63, 68, 117, 136, 144, 166, 191, 205, cordeau détonant detonating cord 212, 259, 333, 348, 351 63, 77, 221 = = Cyclops high energetic rocket cordeau détonant gainé contained propellant detonating fuse 63 Cyclopentadienyl-Eisen = Ferrocene corde d’allumage = igniter cord 186 = 140 Cordite double base gun powder cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine = (UK) 64 = = HMX Octogen 136, 144, 212, 243, Corpent PETN 259 246, 259, 335 = Coruscatives Delay Compositions Cyclotol = RDX-TNT mixture (USA) 67 64, 73 cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine = RDX cotton fibres 227 = Cyclonite = Hexogen 177 = coulée de charges des projectiles cyclotrimethylenetrinitrosamine 67 casting of explosives 55 Cylinder Expansion Test 68 coulée de propergol = casting of propellants 55 d coyote blasting 64, 77 D-1; D-2 = phlegmatizer for explosives CP1 BFP = nitrocellulose 13% N 227 = 84% paraffin wax, 14% CP2 = nitrocellulose 11,7–12,2% N nitrocellulose and 2% lecithine CP SD = nitrocellulose 11,6% N DADE = DADNE = (french) 1,1-Diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene 90 Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 402 — le-tex

Index 402

DADNPh = diazodinitrophenol 92 depth charge 368 Daisy Cutter = BLU-82 → GSX 155 DES = dimethylsebacate 163 danger d’explosion en masse = mass destressing blasting 75 explosion risk 214 destruction of explosive materials 74, danger d’inflammation = 114 combustibility 59 Detacord = small diameter detonating dangerous goods regulations 69 cord (USA) DAP = diamylphthalate 90, 163 Detaflex = detonating cord made of DATNB; DATE = diaminotrinitro- Detasheet benzene Detasheet = plate shaped flexible Dautriche method 70, 77, 88 explosive consisting of PETN and DBP = dibutylphthalate 163 binders (USA) DBS = dibutylsebacate 163 détonateur 36, 92 DBT = mixture of dinitrobenzene and détonateur à fil explosé = mild TNT (russian) detonating fuse 222 DBT = dibutyltartrate 163 détonateur instantané = DBX = depth bomb explosive (USA) instantaneous detonator 40 70 détonateur pour tir sou l’eau = water DBX-1 64 resistant detonator 365 DCDA = dicyanodiamide detonating cord, detonating fuse 70, DD = mixture of picric acid and 77, 117, 195, 260, 364 dinitrophenol (french) detonating cord connectors 78 DDNP = diazodinitrophenol 92 detonation 77ff. D: DNT added detonation development distance 89 déblai = muckpile 223 détonation par influence = decade counter (chronograph) 88 sympathetic detonation 85, 142 décapitation de la charge = cut of 66 detonation, selective 84 deflagration 72, 78, 84, 255 detonation, sympathetic 85, 142 deflagration point 72 detonation temperature 325 DEGDN, DEGN = diethyleneglycol detonation velocity 41, 70, 74, 87 dinitrate 94 detonation wave, hydrodynamic degressiver Abbrand = regressive theory of 81 burning 277 détonations dans l’eau = underwater Delaborierung = dismantling of detonations 368 ammunition 114 Detonationsgeschwindigkeit = delay; delay compositions 64, 73 detonation velocity 88 delay fuze 73 Detonationstemperatur = detonation delayed initiation; delayed temperature 325 inflammation 73 Detonationsübertragung = dense prills 13 sympathetic detonation 85 densité 74 Detonationsverzögerer = non-electric densité de cartouche = cartridge delay device 242 density 53 Detonationswelle = detonation wave densité de chargement = loading 78ff. density 210 detonator → blasting cap 36, 92 density 41, 81, 211 detoninooyuschii shnoor = detonating Dentex = mixture of RDX/DNT/ cord (russian) 77 aluminum 47/34/18 (UK) detonierende Zündschnur, dénudation de la charge = cut off 66 Sprengschnur = detonating cord 77 DEP = diethylphthalate 163 Deutsch-Französisches Forschungs- dépot = magazine 213 institut St. Louis I.S.L. 197 Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 403 — le-tex

403 Index

dextrinated (lead azide) 200 Dinal = dinitronaphthalene 105 Diethylendiphenylharnstoff = Dinamon = ammonium nitrate Centralita 56 explosive (Italy) Diethylenglykoldinitrat 94 Dinau = dinitroglycolurile (french) 100 diamètre critique = critical diameter dinitramide 196 65 dinitratedebutylèneglycol 46 1,1-Diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene = dinitratedediethylèneglycol 94 DADE = DADNE 90 dinitrate de dioxyéthyl dinitroxamide 3,3′-Diaminoazoxy-4,4′furazan (DAAF) 104 90 dinitratededioxyéthylnitramine 112 2,6-Diamino-3,5-Dinitropyrazine-1- dinitrate d’éthanolamine 125 Oxide 91 dinitrate d’éthylène diamine 126 diamylphthalate 92, 163, 301, 333 dinitrate d’éthylnitropropanediol 230 diaphragme de sécurité = safety dinitratedeglycérine 152 diaphragm 281 dinitratedeglycérine-dinitro diaphragme de potection = phényléther 153 environmental seal 121 dinitrate de glycérine nitrolactate 153 diazodinitrophenol 92 dinitratedeglycol 234 Diazol = diazodinitrophenol (german) dinitratedeméthylnitropropanediol= 92 dinitratedenitrométhylpropanediol DIBA = diisobutyladipate 163 239 dibutylphthalate 93, 163, 301, 333 dinitratedepropylèneglycol 274 dibutylsebacate 163 dinitratedetriéthylèneglycol 354 dibutyltartrate 163 dinitratedetriméthylèneglycol 356 dichromate d’ammonium 11 dinitrate de Dichte = density 74 trinitrophénylglycérine-éther 153 dicyanodiamide 63, 156, 236 dinitrate d’hexaméthylène tétramine diethyldiphenylurea = Centralit I 56, 169 158, 163, 301, 333 dinitrate d’isosorbitol 197 diethyleneglycol dinitrate 94, 163, dinitroaminophenol = picramic acid 208, 333 259 diethylphthalate 163 2,4-Dinitroanisole 100 diethylsebacate 163 dinitrobenzene → differential thermal analysis 96 metadinitrobenzene 216 diglycerol tetranitrate 96 dinitrobenzofuroxane 101 diglycoldinitrate 94, 163, 223, 367 Dinitrobenzol 216 Dihydroxylammonium3,3′-dinitro- Dinitrochlorhydrin 151 5,5′-bis(1,2,4-triazole)-1,1′-diolate dinitrochlorobenzene 100 97 dinitrocresol 106 diisobutyl adipate 163 Dinitrodiethanoloxamiddinitrat 104 diisocyanata de toluylène 351 2,4-Dinitro-2,4-Diazapentane 103 diluent 98 2,4-Dinitro-2,4-Diazahexane Dimazin = DMH = dimethylhydrazine 3,5-Dinitro-3,5-Diazaheptane 103 98 Dinitrodiazaalkanes (-pentane; 2-Dimethylaminoethylazide 98 -hexane; -heptane) 103 dimethyldiphenylurea = Centralit II Dinitrodiglykol 94 57, 158, 163, 301, 333 dinitrodimethyloxamide 104 dimethylhydrazine 98, 333 dinitro-dinitrosobenzene dimethylphthalate 163 → dinitrobenzofuroxane 101 DINA = dioxyethylnitramine dinitrate dinitrodioxyethyloxamide dinitrate 112 104 Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 404 — le-tex

Index 404

dinitrodiphenylamine 105 DMNA = dimethyldinitramine (USA) Dinitroethylendiamin 127 DMS = dimethylphthalate 163 dinitroethylene diamine 126 DMSO = dimethylsulfoxide Dinitroglycerin 152 DNAG = Dynamit Nobel AG, Troisdorf, Dinitroglycerin nitrolactat 153 Germany Dinitrokresol 106 DNAP = dinitrodiazephenol 92 dinitronaphthalene 105 DNB = dinitrobenzene 216 dinitroorthocresol 106 DNBA = dinitrobenzaldehyde dinitrophenoxyethylnitrate 107 DNCB = dinitrochlorobenzene 100 Dinitrophenylglycerinetherdinitrat DNDMOxm = dinitrodimethyloxamide 153 104 Dinitrophenylglykolethernitrat 107 DNDMSA = dinitrodimethylsulfamide dinitrophenylhydrazine 107 DNDPhA = dinitrodiphenylamine dinitrosobenzene 109 DNEtB = dinitroethylbenzene 4,10-dinitro-2,6,8,12-tetraoxa-4,10- DNEU = dinitroethylurea diazaisowurtzitane 109 DNF = dinitrofurane dinitrotoluene 109, 163, 166, 333 DNG = diglycerol dinitrate Dinitryl 153 DNMA = dinitromethylaniline Dinol = diazodinitrophenol (german) D.N.N. = dinitronaphthalene (british) 92 105 dioctylphthalate 163 DNPA = 2,2-dinitropropyl acrylate Dioctyl Adipate 111 DNPh = dinitrophenol dioxyethylnitramine dinitrate 110 DNPT = dinitrosopentamethylene DIPAM = diaminohexanitrodiphenyle tetramine DIPEHN = dipentaerythritol DNR = dinitroresorcinol hexanitrate 112 DNT = dinitrotoluene 109 diphenylamine 113, 163, 301, 333 DNX = dinitroxylene donor charge Diphenylharnstoff 7 116 diphenylphthalate 163 DOP = dioctylphthalate 163 diphenylurea; diphénylurée 7, 163 DOS = dioctylsebacate 163 diphenylurethane 112, 163, 301, 333 double base propellants 7, 56, 95, 116, dipicrylamine 172 158, 200, 206, 211, 220 dipicrylsulfide 173 douilles combustibles = combustible dipicrylsulfone 174 cartridge cases 60 = = dipicrylurea 114 DOV distilled of vitriol H2SO4 96% dismantling of ammunition 74, 114 (UK) distance d’évolution de détonation = downline 78 detonation development distance DPA = diphenylamine 105 88 DPEHN = dipentaerythrol hexanitrate Di-(trinitroethyl)-Harnstoff; 112 di-trinitroéthylurée 34 DPhA = diphenylamine 105 di-trinitroéthylnitramine 30 DPP = diphenylphthalate 163 ditching dynamite 115 Drehgriffmaschine = twist knob Dithekite = liquid explosive consisting blasting machine 37 of nitric acid, nitrobenzene and dreibasiges Pulver = triple-base gun water (USA) 116, 209 powder Diver’s solution = high concentrated drop test → bomb drop test 38 = solution of AN and NH3 in water; Druck, spezifischer specific energy proposed as monergol 297 DMEDNA = dimethylethylene Druckexponent = pressure exponent dinitramine (USA) 45, 296 Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 405 — le-tex

405 Index

Druckkochen = boiling under pressure effet Neumann = shaped charge effect (→ nitrocellulose) 228 (french) 287 Druckluft-Ladeverfahren = pneumatic effet du souffle = air blast 6 placing 263 EF poudre = blank cartridge powder Druckluft-Sprengverfahren = (french) Armstrong blasting process 18 EFI = Exploding Foil Imitiator 132 Drucksprung → hydrodynamic theory EGDN = ethyleneglycol dinitrate 234 of detonation 78ff. Einbasige Pulver = nitrocellulose gun Druckstoßwirkung = air blast 6 powder 291 Drucktränksprengen = pulsed infusion Einschluß = confinement 63 shotfiring 276 Eisenacetylacetonat 197 Druckwelle = shock wave; air blast 6, Ekrasit = picric acid 260 81 EL-506 = plate shaped explosive DTA = differential thermal analysis 96 (“Detasheet”) (USA) Düse = nozzle 243 EL 387 A; B = slurry consisting of Dunnit = ammonium picrate (USA) 11 water, starch and aluminum dutch test 116 (Belgium) Duxita = RDX phlegmatized with 3% EL-763 = permitted explosive (USA) castor oil (Italy) elektrische Zünder → bridgewire dwell time 117 detonators 40 dynamic vivacity 20 E.L.F. = extra low freezing (of Dynamit-Collodiumwolle = nitroglycerine explosives) gelatinizing nitrocellulose for EMMET= ethyltrimethylol methane dynamites 229 trinitrate Dynamite LVD = low velocity explosive Empfängerladung = acceptor charge 117 1 Dynamite MVD = medium velocity Empfindlichkeit = sensitivity 287 explosive 117 emulsion explosives 13, 14, 16, 118, Dynamite gomme = blasting gelatin 199, 242, 365 (french) 36 end burning velocity 119 Dynamites 117 endothermal 119 energetic binders 119, 154, 211, 263, e 266 E → E-process (RDX synthesis) 69 energy, enthalpy of formation 118, E → E-Wolle = ester soluble 332ff. nitrocotton (german) 229 energy, specific → specific energy 297 EBW = exploding bridgewire Entzündungstemperatur = detonator (USA) 132 deflagration point 72 écran = barricade 29 environmental seal 121 Ecrasit; Ekrasit = picric acid; in France: environmental testing → rocket test = ammonium trinitrocresolate stand 279 EDA = ethylene diamine épreuve de chaleur → hot storage test EDADN; EDD = etyhlendiamine 181 dinitrate 126 épreuve de fracture = fragmentation Ednafive = EDNA/Fivonite 50/50 127, test 142 312 E-process → RDX 69 EDNA = ethylene dinitramine 127 éprouvette 121 Ednatoal = Ednatol + 20% aluminum éprouveur = circuit tester 58 Ednatol = pourable mixtue of EDNA equation de Bernoulli 296 and TNT 118, 127 equation de Charbonnier 45, 296 EED = electro-explosive device 118 equilibrium constants 342 Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 406 — le-tex

Index 406

equation of state 121 E.V.O. = Eisenbahn-Verkehrsordnung Erla = epoxy compound (USA) 123 (german) → RID 278 erosion 124 E-Wolle → nitrocellulose, estersoluble erosive burning 123 (german) 229 ErTeN = erythritol tetranitrate 124 exchanged salt pairs 11, 254 essai au bloc de plomb = lead block exothermal 131 test 201 explode 132 Estane = polyester consisting of exploding bridgewire 132 urethane, adipic acid, exploseur = blasting machine 36 1,4-butane-diol and explosif en vrac = bulk mix 41 diphenylmethane diisocyanate explosif-liant plastique = plastic (USA) explosive 261 EtDP = ethyl 4,4-dinitropentanoate explosifs135 Ethanolamindinitrat 125 explosifs allégés = low density ethanolamine dinitrate 125 commercial explosives containing Ethriol trinitrate 125, 333 foamed additives (french) Ethyldiphenylharnstoff 8 explosifs à l’oxygène liquide = liquid Ethylendiamindinitrat 126 oxygen explosives 209 Ethylendinitramin 127 explosifs antigrisouteux = permitted Ethylenglykoldinitrat 234 explosives 254 Ethylglykoldinitrat = propyleneglycol explosifs au nitrate d’ammonium; dinitrate 274 explosifs nitratés = ammonium Ethylnitrat 128 nitrate explosives 12 Ethylphenylurethan 128 explosifs chloratés = chlorate Ethylpikrat 129 explosives 58 Ethyl-Centralit 56, 158, 333 explosifs chlorurés = permitted ethyldiphenylurea 8, 158, 301, 332 explosives containing sodium ethylene diamine dinitrate 126 chloride 254 ethylene dinitramine 118, 127 explosifs d’amorcage = initiating ethylene glycol dinitrate = nitroglycol explosives 193 234 explosifs gainés = sheathed explosives ethyl glycol dinitrate = propylene- 289 glycol dinitrate 274 explosifs liquides 208 ethylhexanoate de plomb 206 explosifs nitratés = ammonium nitrate ethyl nitrate 128 explosives 12 N-Ethyl-N-(2-nitroxyethyl)nitramine, explosifs perchloratés = perchlorate EtNENA 128 explosives 253 ethylphenylurethane 128, 158, 301, explosifs primaires = initiating 333 explosives 193 ethylpicrate = trinitrophenetol 129 explosifs pulvérulents = powder form ethyl-tetryl 129 explosives 143, 271 ETPE 131 explosifs secondaires = base charge EUROOYN 2060 131 28, 284 European Committee for the explosifs sismiques 284 Standardization of Test of Explosive explosif S.G.P. = permitted explosive Materials; now → International (Belgium) 254 Study Group for the Standardization explosion 132 of the Methods of Testing Explosives explosion heat → heat of explosion 85, 205 162 European Defence Agency, EDA 131 Explosionstemperatur = explosion European test fuze 51 temperature 133 Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 407 — le-tex

407 Index

Explosionswärme, partielle = partial Feststoff-Raketen = solid propellant heat of explosion 163 rockets 295 explosion tardive (long feu) = Feuergefährlichkeit = combustibility hang-fire 161 59 explosion temperature 133 Feuerwerksätze = pyrotechnical explosive bol 134 compositions 277 explosive casting → casting of Feuerwerkszündschnüre = explosives 55 pyrotechnical fuses (→ also: explosive D = ammonium picrate 12 quick-match) 277 explosive forming 133 FGAN = fertilizer gerade ammonium explosive loading factor 134 nitrate (USA) 13 explosive materials 134 fils du détonateur = leg wires 208 explosive power 265 Filmeffektzünder = Bullet Hit explosive train 135 fin de cumbustion = end of burning explosives 135 118 explosives equal sheathed 257 firedamp 140, 254 = “Extra” ammonium nitrate firing current 140 containing commercial explosives = firing line 141 Extragummidynamit gelatinous first fire 141 commercial explosive (Norway) = = Fivolite tetramethylolpentanol extrudeuse à vis screw extruder 284 pentanitrate exudation 139 Fivonite = tetramethylolpentanone tetranitrate 311 f flamebeau = flare 142 F8 = mixture of aluminum and flame shield 141 bariumnitrate (USA) flare 141 ( )= F φ secondary explosive with high flash over 85, 141 performance (russian) = flash point 142 FA furfuryl alcohol flegmatiser 259 FA/AN = mixture furfuryl alcohol/ani- FLOX = mixture of liquid oxygen and line/hydrazine 46/47/7 liquid fluorine face burning 139 flüssig-Luft-Sprengstoffe = liquid Fackel = flare 142 oxygen explosives 209 factices = Mock explosives 222 flüssig-Treibstoff-Raketen = liquid FAE = Fuel Air Explosives 6, 145, 319 propellant rockets 210 fallhammer 140, 188 flüssiges Ammoniak = liquid ammonia farine de guar = guar gum 154 210 fast cook-off test 195 = Favier explosives = ammonium nitrate flüssige Luft liquid air 209 explosives (France; Belgium; now flüssiges N2O4 210 = obsolete) flüssiger Sauerstoff liquid oxygen Federzugmaschine → blasting 209 = machines 36 flüssiger Wasserstoff liquid FEEM = The Federation of European hydrogen 210 Explosives Manufacturers 140 flüssiges Fluor = liquid fluorine 210 fendage préliminaire = pre-splitting flüssige Sprengstoffe = liquid 271 explosives 208 fertilizer gerade ammonium nitrate; fly rock 142 FGAN 13 F-M = double base powders Ferrocene (combustion moderating FM = titanium tetrachloride (USA) additive) 140 F = nitrocellulose nitroglycerine Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 408 — le-tex

Index 408

FNR = tetrafluoroethylene FV/RDX = Cyclofive = mixture of trifluoronitrosomethan copolymer Fivonite and RDX (USA) force = strength 20, 297, 303 Formfunktion → burning rate 24 g FOX-7 = DADNE = Galcit = solid rocket propellant 1,1-Diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene 90 consisting of KMnO4 and asphalt FOX-12 = GUDN = Guarnyl-ureadini- pitch (now obsolete) (USA) tramide 158 galerie d’essai = test gallery 255 Fp 02 = TNT (german) 342 galette = paste (for double base Fp 60/40 = TNT/AN 60/40 (german) powders) 249 fracture, épreuve de 142 galvanometer 58 fragmentation test 142 GAP = → glycidyl azide polymere 154 fragment velocity 143 gap test → sympathetic detonation fragmenting munitions attack 195 85ff. Fraunhofer-Institut für Chemische Gasdruck = gas pressure 19, 44, 150 Technologie, ICT 185 gaserzeugende Ladungen = gas free flowing explosives 16, 143, 199 generators 2, 149 freezing of nitroglycerine 143 gas generators 2, 149 Frühzündung = premature firing 271 gas jet velocity 150 friction sensitivity 144 gasless delay compositions 64, 73 FTS = solid rocket propellant (german) gas pressure 19, 44, 150 gas volume 324, 364 fuel 146, 196, 230 = = Fuel Air Explosives = FAE 8, 145, 319 GC gun cotton nitrocellulose ca. Füllpulver 02 = TNT (german) 342 13% N (UK) 227 = GcTNB = glycol trinitrobutyrate fugasnost lead block test (russian) = 201 GDN glycol dinitrate 234 Geberladung = donor charge 116 fulmicotone = nitrocellulose (italy) gelatin explosives; gelatins 150 227 gelatinizer 49, 56, 301 fulminate d’argent = silver fulminate Gelex = semigelatinous commercial 291 explosive fulminatedemercure= mercury Gelled Propellants 150 fulminate 215 generator machines → blasting fumes; fumées 146 machines 36 fume volume 364 Geomit = powder form commercial functioning time 148 explosive (Norway) = Furaline I–III fuel mixture consisting Geschützpulver = gun powder 158 of furfuryl alcohol, xylidine and Gesteinsprengstoffe = commercial methanol rock explosives fuse; fuze; fusée 148 gestreckte Ladung = column charge fusée pyrotechnique = pyrotechnical 59 fuse 277 gewerbliche Sprengstoffe = fusée retardatrice = delay fuze 73 commercial explosives (german) 61 Fuß-Vorgabe = toe 351 GGVE = german transport regulations fuze head 148 69, 278 FV = Fivonite = tetramethylolpenta- Gheksogen = Hexogen = Cyclonite = none tetranitrate 311 RDX (russian) 67 FV/EDNA = Ednative = mixture of Gießen von Sprengladungen = casting Fivonite and EDNA of explosives 55 FV/PETN = Pentative = mixture of Gießen von Treibladungen = casting Fivonite and PETN of propellants 55 Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 409 — le-tex

409 Index

Globally Harmonized System, GHS 151 Groupe d’Etude International pour la Globular-Pulver = ball powder 28 Normalisation des Essais d’Explosifs glossary → Preface Secretary; Der. Per Anders Persson, GLTN = dinitroglycerinnitrolactate Swedish Detonic Research 153 Foundation, Box 32928, 12981 Glühbrücke → bridgewire detonators Stockholm, Sweden 85, 205 40 Grubengas = firedamp 141, 254 Glycerindinitrat 152 G-Salz = nitroguanidine (german) 235 glycerol 233 GSX 155 glycerol acetate dinitrate 151 guanidine nitrate 63, 156, 205, 333 glycerol dinitrate 152 guanidine perchlorate 157 glycerol-dinitrophenylether dinitrate guanidine picrate 157 153 Guanite = nitroguanidine 235 glycerol nitrolactate dinitrate 153 guar gum; Guarmehl 157, 333 glycerol-trinitrate 231 Guarnylureadinitramide = GUDN 158 glycerol-trinitrophenylether dinitrate Gudolpulver = gun powder consisting 152 of nitrocellulose, nitroglycerine and glycide azide polymere 154 Picrite (german) glycide nitrate 231 guhr dynamite 117, 205 glycol 163, 235, 333 Gummidynamit = gelatinous glycolurile dinitramine; tetramine 100 commercial explosive (Norway) GND = pressure proof (seismic) GUNI = guanidine nitrate (german) explosive (german) 156 G = nitrocellulose-diglycol dinitrate gun cotton 36, 227 Goma pura = blasting gelatin (spanish) gun powder 19, 158 Gomma A = blasting gelatin (Italy) Gurney energy 160 Gomme A etc. = blasting gelatin (french) 36 h Grade A Nc = nitrocellulose H-6 = mixture 12.6–12.7% N RDX/TNT/aluminum/wax Grade B Nc = nitrocellulose 13.35% N 45/30/20/5 (USA) Grade C Nc = nitrocellulose blend of A H-16 = 2-acetyl-4,6,8-trinitro-2,4,6,8- and B tetrazanonane-1,9-diol-diacetat Grade D Nc = nitrocellulose 12.2% N, HADN = hexamethylenediamine also Grade E (USA) dinitrate grade strength 23, 303 härten; aushärten = curing 66 grain 155 Haftvermögen = case bonding 53 Granatfüllung 88 = picric acid Halbsekundenzünder = (german) 260 half-second-step-delayed granulation 155 bridgewire detonators 40 graphite 155, 163 Haleite, Halite = ethylenedinitramine green propellants 156, 196 (USA) 127 Grenzstromstärke = no-fire current halogen fluoride 246 242 hangfire 161 grisou = fire damp 141, 254 Hansen test 158 Grisoudynamite chlorurée No. 1 etc. = Harnstoffnitrat = urea nitrate 372 permitted explosive (french) Haufwerk = muckpile 223 Großbohrlochsprengverfahren = large HBX-1 = mixture of RDX, TNT and hole blasting 199 aluminum 158 group P 1 etc. = british safety classes HC = mixture of hexachloroethane for permitted explosives 257 and zinc (fume generator) (USA) Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 410 — le-tex

Index 410

HE = high explosive (USA) hexamethylentriperoxide diamine HEAP = armorpiercing 169 HEAT = antitank; hollow charge Hexanit; Hexamit = mixture of heat of combustion 158 hexanitrodiphenylamine and TNT heat of explosion 120, 158, 323 (german) heat of formation → energy of hexanitrate de dipentaérythrite 112 formation 120, 332ff. hexanitrate de mannitol 213 heat sensitivity 163 hexanitroazobenzene 170 HEATT = hollow charge with tracer hexanitrobiphenyl 171 HEBD = base detonating hexanitrocarbanilide 114 HEDA = delayed action hexanitrodipentaerythritol 112 HEF = high energy fuel, e. g., boranes hexanitrodiphenylamine 100, 171, 333 (USA) hexanitrodiphenylaminoethyl nitrate HE/SH = squashhead (UK) 172 HEF-2 = propylpentaborane hexanitrodiphenylglycerol HEF-3 = triethyldekaborane mononitrate 173 HEF-5 = butyldekaborane hexanitrodiphenyloxamid 176 HEH = heavy projectile hexanitrodiphenyloxide 173 HEI = brisant incendiary ammunition hexanitrodiphenylsulfide 174 with tracer hexanitrodiphenylsulfone 174 HEIA = Immediate action (USA) hexanitroethane 175 heineiyaku = trinitrophenetol (Japan) Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane 175, 129 334 Heizsatz = heating charge for gas hexanitromannitol 213 generating units 149 hexanitrooxanilide 176 heinelyaku = trinitrophenetol (Japan) hexanitrostilbene 55, 177 HELC = long case (USA) hexanitrosulfobenzide 174 Hellhoffit = liquid mixtures of nitric Hexastit = RDX phlegatized with 5% acid and nitrocompounds paraffine HeNBu = hexanitrobutane Hexite = hexanitrodiphenylamine HEPT = brisant ammunition with (german) 171 squashhead and tracer Hexogen = Cyclonite = RDX 36, 135, Heptanitrophenylglycerin 144, 166, 177ff, 191, 205, 212, 249, Heptryl = 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl 259, 261, 333, 351 trinitromethyltrimethylnitramine Hexotol = mixtures RDX-TNT (swedish) trinitrate 166 Hexotonal = mixture of TNT, RDX and HES = shell (USA) aluminum (german) Hess, upsetting test according to 370 Hexyl = hexanitrodiphenylamine HETRO = cast-granulated mixtures of (german) 171 RDX, TNT and additives (swiss) HiCal = high-energetic rocket fuel HEX = high energy explosive (USA) HITP = High Ignition Temperature 168 Propellants 54, 266 = = Hex-24; -48 mixtures of KClO4, HMTA hexamethylenetetramine aluminum, RDX and asphalt HMTD, HMTPDA = hexamethylene 32/48/16/4 (USA) triperoxide diamine 169 Hexa = hexanitrodiphenylamine HMX = Homocyclonite = Octogen (german) 168 136, 212, 212, 243, 259, 335 Hexal = RDX/aluminum (german) 168 HN = hydrazine nitrate 183 hexamethylene diisocyanate 168 HNAB = hexanitroazobenzene 171 hexamethylenetetramine dinitrate 69, HNB = hexanitrosobenzene 354 169 HNCb 1 = hexanitrocarbanilide 114 Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 411 — le-tex

411 Index

HNDP, HNDPhA = hexanitro- HTBP = hydroxol-terminated diphenylamine 171 polybutadiene (USA) 62 HNDPA = hexanitrodiphenyl 171 HU-detonators = highly unsensitive HNDPhA; HNDP = hexanitro- bridgewire detonators (german) 37, diphenylamine 171 182 HNDPhAEN = hexanitrodiphenyl- Hugoniot’s equation; Hugoniot curve aminoethyl nitrate 83 HNDPhBzi = hexanitrodiphenylbenzyl hybrids 1, 182, 295 HNDPhGu = hexanitrodiphenyl- Hydan 182 guanide hydrazine 2, 183, 196, 210, 334 HNDPhSfi = hexanitrodiphenylsulfide hydrazine nitrate 183, 334 173 hydrazine perchlorate 184 HNDPhSfo = hexanitrodiphenyl- hydrazoic acid 19 sulfone 174 hydrodynamic theory of detonation 78ff. HNDPhU = hexanitrodiphenylurea hydrogen peroxide 16 114 Hydrox blasting 149 HNEt = hexanitroethane 174 = = = HYDYNE UDMH/diethylene triamine HNF Hydrazine nitroform salt of 60/40 (USA) Trinitromethane = hygroscopicity 184 HNG hydrine-nitroglycerine Hyman = nitromethylglycolamide = HNH hexanitroheptane nitrate (USA) HNIW = Hexanitrohexaazaiso- Hypergols 74, 185, 210 wurtzitane 175 HNO = hexanitrooxanilide 176 i HNS = hexanitrostilbene 176 IBEN = Incendiary bomb with Hohlladung = hollow charge; shaped explosive nose (USA) charge 287 ICBM = Intercontinental ballistic Hohlraumsprengen = cushion blasting missile (USA) 66 ICT = Fraunhofer-Institut für Holland test → Dutch test 116 Chemische Technologie, D-76327 hollow charge = shaped charge 41, Pfinztal-Berghausen 185 = 62, 287 Idrolita AD/RDX/paraffine/water Holzkohle = charcoal 3 70/20/3/7 (Italy) = = Ifzanites = slurries (russian) Homocyclonite HMX Octogen = 136, 212, 212, 243, 259, 335 Igdanites ANFO (russian) igniter 185 Hot-Needle (or Köhler-) Test 180 igniter cord/igniter cord connector hot spots 180 186 hot storage tests 176 = igniter safety mechanism 186 HOX high oxygen explosive 30 igniter train 135, 186 = Hoxonit plastic explosive consisting ignitibility 186 of RDX, nitroglycerine and ignition system 186 nitrocellulose (swiss) illuminant composition 188 H.P. 273 = powder form permitted IM 187, 194 explosive (USA) Imatrex = swedish trade name for HT = RDX and TNT (french) Miedziankit 58 HTA = RDX/TNT/aluminum 40/40/20 imidazoliumsalt 196 (USA) IMO = Intergovernmental Maritime HTA-3 = HMX/TNT/aluminum Consultative Organization 69, 188 49/29/22 (USA) IME = InstituteofMakersofExplosives HTP = hydrogen peroxide (UK) 188 Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 412 — le-tex

Index 412

immobilization 188 isosorbitol dinitrate 197 impact sensitivity 43, 188, 273 important explosives 136 j impulse 193 JATO = jet assisted take of charge impulse spécifique 298 (USA) incendiary 193 jet perforator = → hollow charge for incompatibility 61, 372 oil and gas well stimulation Industrial explosvies → commercial jet tapper 197 explosives 61 JP = jet propellant (USA) = inert 191 JP-1; -2; -3; -4; -5; rocket fuels; inflammabilité = ignitibility 186 hydrocarbons (USA) = inflammer = to inflame 193 JPN improved JP = infusion blasting → water infusion JPT double base propellant in tube elements for → Bazooka 31 blasting 276 = Ingolin = concentrated hydrogen JP-X JP-4/UDMH 60/40 hypergolized fuel (USA) peroxide (german) 19 = inhabited building 139 Julnite ethylendiurethane (french) inhalation toxicity 196 jumping mortar test 304 inhibited propellant 193, 307 k Initialsprengstoffe = initiating K-1; -2 Splav = mixture of TNT and DNB explosives 137, 193 or dinitronaphthalene (russian) initiation 193 K1F = chlorotrifluoroethylene polymer initiator 92, 193 (USA) injector nitration 232 → KA-process (RDX-synthesis) 69 injector transport water driven Kalisalpeter = Kaliumnitrat 268 injector transport of nitroglycerine Kaliumbitartrat 225 365 Kaliumchlorat 268 instantaneous detonators 40, 195 Kaliumsulfat 225 insulation 195 Kaliumperchlorat 268 insensitive munition 194 Kalksalpeter = calcium nitrate 47 internal energy 339 kalorimetrische Bombe = calorimetric internal enthalpy 341 bomb 162 International Study Group for the Kamlet–Jacobs Equation 198 Standardization of the Methods of Kammerminensprengung = coyote Testing Explosives, cretary: Dr. blasting 64 Per-Anders Persson. Swedish Kampfer = camphor 49 Detonic Research Foundation, Box Kanaleffekt = channel effect 58 32928, 12981, Stockholm, Sweden Kantenmörser = angle shot mortar 85, 205 257 inverse salt pair: ion exchanged (salt Karben = carbene (polyacetylene) 52 pair) permitted explosives Karitto = black powder (Japan) 34 Ionic Liquid 196 KA-Salz = RDX (Hexogen) by synthesis ion propellants 195 according to Knöfler-Apel 69 IPN = Isopropyl nitrate (USA) 276 K = ball powder iron acetylacetonate 197, 334 Kast’s upsetting Test 370 I.S.L. = Deutsch-Französisches Kcilil = trinitroxylene (russian) 367 Forschungsinstitut St. Louis 197 KDN (Potassium Dinitramide) 199 isobaric; isochoric 2, 325, 330 KDNBF = potassiumdinitrobenzo- Isocyanate 263 furoxane (USA) isolement; Isolierung = insulation 195 Kel-F = chlorotrifluoroethylene isopropyl nitrate 276 polymer 9010 = RDX/Kel-F 90/10 Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 413 — le-tex

413 Index

Kelly 197 Kunkeln = press-molded perforated kerosine 334 clinders of B-black powder (german) Kerosole = metal dispersion in kunststoffgebundene Sprengstoffe = kerosine (USA) plastic explosives 261 Keyneyaku = trinitrophenetol (Japan) Kupferchromit 63 129 Kibakuyaku = explosive for primers l (Japan) laboratory combustion chamber 60 Kieselgur = guhr 117, 337 Ladegeräte = buld mix delivery Klasse I; Klasse II; Klasse III = german equipment 41 safety classes for permitted Ladedichte = loading density 211 explosives 258 Ladeschlauch = plastic hose as loading Klemmung = propellant area ratio 274 device for permitted explosives knäppern = modcapping 224 Ladestock = tamping pole 310 Knallquecksiler = mercury fulminate Lager = magazine 43, 139, 213, 302 215 Lambrit = ANFO blasting agent Knallsilber = silver fulminate 291 (Austria) 199 Kneisl-Test 199 Langzeit-Teste = long time test; shelf Kochsalz = rock salt 338 life tests 116, 290 Kohlenstaub = coal dust 59 large hole blasting 199 Kohlenstaubsicherheit = coal dust LASL = Los Alamos, National Scientific safety → permitted explosives 254 Laboratory (USA) Kokoshokuyaku = black powder lattice energy 196 (Japan) 34 LDNR = lead dinitroresorcinate Kollergang = heavy roller mill for black LE = low explosive; propellant (UK) powder mixing lead acetyl salicylate 163, 200, 334 Kollodiumwolle = nitrocellulose lead azide 19, 42, 144, 200, 334 12–12.6% N(german) 227 lead block test 201, 304, 352 Kolloksilin = nitrocellulose 11–12% N Lead Chromate 204 (russian) 227 lead ethylhexanoate 163, 206, 334 Kondensatoranzündmaschinen = lead nitrate 206, 334 capacitator blasting machines 36 lead picrate 206 Kontur-Sprengen = smooth blasting lead salicylate 163 294 lead stearate 163 Koomooliativuyye = shaped charge lead styphnate 26, 42, 207, 334 (russian) 287 lead sulfate 163, 173 Koruskativs 64 lead trinitroresorcinate = lead Krater-Methode = crater method 304 styphnate 26, 42, 207, 334 Kresylit = trinitrocresol (german) 362 leading lines 207 kritischer Durchmesser = critical Lebensdauerteste = shelf life tests diameter 65 116, 290 krut = gun powder (swedish) 158 Lebhaftigkeitsfaktor = vivacity → K-Salz = RDX (Hexogen) by synthesis burning rate 44 according to Knoefler (german) 69 leg wires 208 Kugelpulver = ball powder (german) Leitungsprüfer = circuit tester 58 25 Leit-Sprengschnur = trunkline 78 kugelsicher = bullet resistant 42 Leuchtsätze = illuminant compositions kumulative Zündung = cumulative 188 priming 65 Leuchtspur = tracer 351 Kumullativuyye = cumulatively acting L.F. = low freezing = charge (hollow charge) (russian) LH2 liquid hydrogen (USA) Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 414 — le-tex

Index 414

Ligamita 1; 2; 3 = nitroglycerine base magazine 43, 139, 213, 302 industrial explosives (Spain) magnesium carbonate 334 ligne de tir = firing line 141 magnesium trinitroresorcinate; ligne de cordeau détonant 78 magnesium styphnate 207 linear burning 208 MAN = methylamine nitrate 334 line-wave generator = linear mannitol hexanitrate 213, 334 detonation front generating charge Manöverpulver → porous powder 267 → lined cavities shaped charges 287 Mantelsprengstoffe = sheathed linters 229 explosives 288 liquid ammonia 210 MAPO = methylaziridine liquid explosives 208 phosphinoxide 214 liquid fluorine 210 Marschsatz = sustainer charge in liquid hydrogen 210 rocketry liquid N O 210 2 4 mass explosion risk 214 liquid oxygen (LOX) 209 liquid oxygen explosives 209 mass flow 45 liquid propellant rockets 209 mass ratio 215 = lithergoles = hybrids 182 Massen-Durchsatz mass flow 45 lithium nitrate 210 Massen-Explosionsgefährlichkeit; lithium perchlorate 210 Massen-Explosionsfähigkeit = mass LJD = Lennard-Jones–Devonshire explosion risk 214 state equation 122 Massenverhältnis = mass ratio 215 LLM-105 92 MAT = mixture of TNT and picric acid LN = lead nitrate 206 (France; Italy) = = LN2 liquid nitrogen Matagnite Industrial explosive loading density 41, 53, 210 (Belgium) long time tests 116, 290 match cord 277 low explosive = propellants 158 Matsu = blasting gelatin (Japan) 36 LOVA = low-vulnerability ammunition maturer = curing 66 212 MBT = mixture of picric acid and LOVA propellant 211 dinitrophenol (France; Italy) LOX = liquid oxygen 246 → also liquid MDF = mild detonating fuse (0.2–0.4 g oxygen explosives 209 PETN/m = 10–20 grain/ft) USA = LOZ liquid ozone MDN = mixture of picric acid and = L-Splav TNT with 5% trinitroxylene dinitronaphthalene (France) (russian) MeAN = MAN = methylamine nitrate Lp = liquid propellant 210 = 334 lueur à la bouche muzzle flash 224 mèches = safety fuses 281 LX = octogen (HMX)-formulations 212 = = MeDINA; MeEDNA methylethy- Lyddite picric acid 260 lene-dinitramine = m Mehlpulver ungranulated black M-1; M-6; M-15 etc. are short names for powder 34 = american gun powders Mehrlochpulver multiperforated M3 = kerosine hypergolized witz 17% grain 158 UDMH (USA) Meiaku = Tetryl (Japan) 316 MABT = mixture of TNT, picric acid and Mélinite D = picric acid (french) 260 dinitrophenol (Italy) Mélinite/O (“ordinaire”) (french) = Macarite = mixture of TNT and lead picric acid with 0.3% trinitrocresol nitrate (Belgium) Mélinite/P = picric acid with 12% MAF-40: -X = mixed amine fuels paraffine (french) (Hydine) (USA) MeN = methylnitrate 218 Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 415 — le-tex

415 Index

MeNENA = 1-nitroxytrimethylene- Miedziankit = one site mixed chlorate 3-nitramine (USA) explosive (german) (now obsolete) Menkayaku = nitrocellulose (Japan) 58 227 mild detonating fuse 222 mercury fulminate 137, 144, 215 military explosives 139 merlos = barricade 26 millisecond delay blasting 221 Mesa burning → burning rate 44 millisecond delay detonator 221 mesurage de la poussée = thrust Millisekundenverzögerer = detonating determination 342 cord MS connector 78 metadinitrobenzene 216 mineral jelly 163 Metallbearbeitung durch Sprengstoffe minex = mixture of RDX, TNT, AN and = explosive forming 133 aluminum powder (UK) metatelnyi zariad = Treibladung miniaturized detonating cord 221 (russian) Minimal-Zündimpuls = all fire 9 methane 141, 254 minol = mixture of AN, TNT and methoxytrinitrobenzene = aluminum powder (UK) trinitroanisol 357 Minolex = mixed explosive consisting methylamine nitrate 218, 334 of AN, RDX, TNT and aluminum (UK) methyldiphenylurea; Minurex = commercial explosive Methyldiphenylharnstoff = Akardit II (french) 7, 163, 301, 332 mise à feu 193 methylenedinitrotetrazacyclooctane misfire 222 (precursor product for the Octogen missile 222 (HMX) synthesis) 244 M.J. = mineral jelly = vaseline (british) Methylethyldiphenylharnstoff = 163 Centralit III (german) 57 MltON = maltose octanitrate (USA) methylethyldiphenylurea = Centralit III MMeA = mononitromethylaniline (german) 57, 163, 301, 327 (USA) Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide 217 MMA = methyl methacrylate 163 methyl methacrylate (MMA) 163 MMH 196 methyl nitrate 218 MN = mononitrotoluene (France) Methylnitroglykol = propyleneglycol MNA = mononitroaniline (USA) dinitrate 274 MNAns = mononitroanisol (USA) N-Methyl-N-(2-nitroxyethyl)nitramine, M.N.B. = mononitrobenzene (USA; UK) MeNENA 219 MNBA = mononitrobenzaldehyde methylphenylurethane 219, 301 (USA) methyl picrate = trinitroanisol 357 MNBAc = mononitrobenzoic acid methyltrimethylolmethane trinitrate = (USA) Metriol trinitrate 220 MNCrs = mononitrocresol (USA) methyl violet test 219 MNDT = mixture consisting of AN, Metriol trinitrate 163, 220, 334 dinitronaphthalene and TNT MetrTN = Metrioltrinitrate 220 (France; Italy) MF = mercury fulminate (USA) 215 MNM = mononitromethane 238 MHF = mixed hydrazine fuel M.N.N. = mononitronaphthalene containing hydrazine nitrate (USA) MnnHN = mannose hexanitrate MHN = mannitol hexanitrate (USA) MNO = dinitrodimethyloxamide 104 213 M.N.T. = mononitrotoluene Microballoons 221 MntHN = mannitol hexanitrate 213 Micrograin = solid fuel consisting of MNX = mononitroxylene zinc powder and sulfur (USA) mock explosives 222 Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 416 — le-tex

Index 416

Mörser; ballistischer = ballistic mortar NATO advisory group for aeronautical 22 research and development → Mörser; Kantenmörser; AGARD 3 Bohrlochmörser = mortar; cannon Natriumchlorat 294 256 Natriumnitrat, Natronsalpeter = Momentzünder = instantaneous sodium nitrate 294 bridgewire detonator 40 Natriumperchlorat 295 Monergol 19, 98, 209, 222, 277 Navy Insensitive Low Erosion Monobel = permitted explosive (USA) Propellant 225 Monoethanolamindinitrat 125 NBSX = 1,7-dinitroxy-2,4,7-trinitro- mononitrate 2,4,6-triazaheptane d’hexanitrodephényleglycérine 173 NBYA = di-trinitroethylurea mortier ballistique 22 Nc; NC = nitrocellulose (german) 227 morteur fusée = rocket motor 279 NCN = Nitrocarbonitrate 35, 225 motor 223, 279 NDNT = AN/dinitronaphthalene/TNT moulage des propellants = pressing of 85/10/5 (french) propellants 272 NENA = N-(2-nitroxy)-nitramine- moulage d’explosifs = pressing of ethane (USA) 225 explosives 272 NENO = dinitrodioxyethyl-oxamide mouton de choc = fallhammer 140 dinitrate 106 MOX = metal oxidizer explosives 223 NEO = diglycol dinitrate (french) 94 MP = picric acid with 12% paraffin Neonite = surface smoothet (France) nitrocellulose gun powder (UK) MP 14 = catalyst for decomposition of NEPD = nitroetyhlpropanediol hydrogen peroxide dinitrate (permanganates) (german) Neumann effect = hollow charge MSIAC 195 effect 287 MTN = Metrioltrinitrate 163, 220, 334 neutral burning 225 muckpile 223 Neuvalin = concentrated hydrogen mud cap 3, 42, 223 peroxide Mündungsfeuer = muzzle flash 224 New Fortex = ammonium nitrate Muenyaku = smokeless powder explosive with Tetryl (UK) (Japan) NG; N/G = nitroglycerine 231 Multiprime 242 NGc = nitroglycol (USA) 234 Munitions Safety Information Analysis Ngl = nitroglycerine (german) 231 Center 195 nib-glycerine trinitrate; NIBTN = = Munroe effect hollow charge effect nitroisobutylglycerine trinitrate 237 224, 287 nicht-sprengkräftige detonierende muzzle flash 224 Zündschnur = mild detonating cord; miniaturized detonating cord 222 n Nigotanyaku = RDX/TNT mixtures NAC = nitroacetylcellulose (USA; Italy) (Japan) Nachdetonation = hang fire 161 Nigu = nitroguanidine (german) 235 nachflammen = post-combustion 268 NILE 225 Nafolit = tetranitronaphthalene Nilite = powder form blasting agent (France) (USA) NAGu = nitroaminoguanidine (USA) NIMPHE = nuclear isotope mono 225, 334 propellant hydrazine engine Nano Energetic Materials 224 (temperature maintenance device Naphthit = trinitronaphthalene for decomposition catalysts in (german) 364 monergol driven rockets) Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 417 — le-tex

417 Index

NIP = nitroindene polymer (USA) nitrogen oxide 337 Niperit = PETN (german) 259 nitrogen-rich 265 Nisalit = stoechiometric mixture of Nitrogen-Rich Compounds 230 nitric acid and acetonitrile (german) nitrogen tetroxide 209 nitrate d’amidon 240 nitroglycerin 36, 117, 137, 163, 166, nitrate d’ammonium 12 191, 205, 209, 231, 247, 335 nitrate de barium 26 nitroglycerin powders → double base nitrate de calcium 47 propellants 116, 158 nitrate de dinitrophénoxyéthyle 107 nitroglycide 233 nitrate d’éthyle 128 nitroglycol = Nitroglykol 14, 137, 163, nitrate de glycide 233 166, 191, 205, 209, 234, 335 nitrate de guanidine 156 nitroguanidine (picrit) 136, 163, 235, nitrate de lithium 210 247, 335 nitrate de méthylamine nitroguanidine powders 159 nitrate de méthyle 218 nitrogurisen = nitroglycerin (Japan) nitrate de plomb 206 231 nitrate de polyvinyle 267 Nitroharnstoff 242 nitrate de potassium 268 Nitrohydren 241 nitrate de propyle 276 nitroisobutantriol trinitrate = nitrate de sodium = nitrate de soude nitroisobutylglycerol 237 294 nitrokletchatka = nitrocellulose nitrate de strontium 306 (russian) 227 nitrate de sucre 241 Nitrolit = trinitroanisol 357 nitrate de tétraméthylammonium 311 Nitromannit = nitromannitol 213 nitrate de triaminoguanidine 352 nitromethane 205, 209, 238, 335 nitrate de triméthylamine 355 nitromethylpropanediol dinitrate 239 nitrate de nitroparaffins 240 trinitrophenyl-nitramine-éthyle 365 Nitropenta = PETN (german) 259 nitrate de trinitrophényloxéthyle 364 nitropentanone 311 nitrate d’hexanitrodiphénylglycérine Nitropentaglycerin = Metriol trinitrate 172 220 nitrate d’hydrazine 183 nitrostarch = Nitrostärke 240 nitrate d’urée 372 nitro-sugar 240 nitre = salpetre 268 Nitrotetryl = tetranitrophenylmethyl- nitric acid esters 137 nitramin Nitroaminoguanidine 225, 334 nitrotoluene 241 nitrocarbonitrate 225 Nitrotriazolone 241, 335 nitrocellulose 137, 158, 163, 166, 191, nitrourea 242, 335 227, 334, 335 Nitrozucker 241 nitrocellulose propellants → single NM = nitromethane 238 base propellants 291 non-allumage, intensité de courant de nitrocompounds 136 = no-fire current 242 Nitrodiethanolamindinitrat 112 non-electric delay device 242 nitrodiphenylamine 335 Nonel – non electric firing device Nitroethan 230 (swedish) 242 nitroethane 229 Normalgasvolumen = Normalvolumen Nitroethylpropandioldinitrat 230 = volume of explosion gasses 364 nitroethylpropanediol dinitrate 230 Norm-Brennkammer = standard nitroform = trinitromethane 363 combustion chamber 60 nitrogen 337 Novit = mixture of hexanitrodiphenyl- nitrogen dioxide 337 amine, TNT and aluminum (swedish) Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 418 — le-tex

Index 418

nozzle 243 oxygen balance 230, 247 N-P = triple base powders Olyliquit 209 Np 5; Np 10 = PETN phlegmatized Oxypikrinsäure = styphnic acid with 5 resp. 10% wax (german) (german) 306 NQ = nitroguanidine 235 Oxytetryl = trinitromethylnitramino- NS = nitrostarch 240 phenol NSP = black powder – smokeless Ozo-benzene = benzene triozonide powder compound (german) = NSug nitrosugar (USA) 240 p = NTNT AN/TNT 78/20 (french) P1 = trimethyleneglycol dinitrate 356 = NTO Nitrotriazolone 241 P2 = methylene dioxydimethanol = NT TNT/AN 30/70 (french) dinitrate (USA) = N2N AN/SN/TNT 50/30/20 (french) P(salt)= piperazine dinitrate (USA) = NX AN/trinitroxylene (french) P. A . = picric acid (french) 260 PAC = ANFO (german) 16 o Palatinol = phthalic acid ester Oberflächenbehandlung = surface (german) treatment; also → inhibited PAN = explosive consisting of PETN; propel-lant; → restricted propellant pentaerythrol tetraacetate and AN 193, 278, 307 PANA = same mixture plus aluminum Obturate 243 (Italy) Octanitrocubane 243 Panclastit = mixture of nitrobenzene = = Octogen Homocyclonite HMX and N2O4 30/70 136, 144, 243, 259, 335 Panzerfaust → Bazooka 31 Octol = micture HMX/TNT 77/23 246 paraffin 248, 335 Octyl = Bitetryl = N,N′-dinitro-N,N′- parallel connection; also bus wire 46, bis(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)-ethylene- 248 diamine (UK) Parazol = dinitrochlorobenzene (USA) ohmmeter 58 partial heat of explosion 163 Oktogen = Octogen (german) 243 paste 249 = ∕ = ON 70/30 N2O4 NO2 70/30 oxidator Patrone cartridge 52 (german) Patronendichte = cartridge density 53 onayaku = mixture of picric acid and PBAN = polybutadiene acrylonitrile dinitronaphthalene (Japan) PB-RDX = polystyrene bonded RDX, onde de choc = shock wave 8, 78ff. consisting of 90% RDX, 8.5% onde de détonation = detonation polystyrene and 1.5% wave 8, 78ff. dioctylphthalate ONERA = Office Nationale d’études et PBTC = carboxylterminated de Recherches, Paris polybutadiene (USA) Optolene = liquid rocket fuel PBU = phenylbenzylurethane (UK) consisting of vinylethylether, aniline, PBX = plastic bonded explosive 249, tar, benzene and xylene (german) 261 oshokuyaku = picric acid, press PBX 9010, 9011, 9404⋅03; various molded (Japan) compositions with 90% RDX and ouvreuses explosives de percée = jet 94% MHX, grain sized 249 tapper 199 PCX = 3,5-dinitro-3,5-diazopiperidine Ox = carborane-fluorocarbon nitrate (USA) copolymer (USA) PDNA = propylenedinitramine oxidizer 146, 196, 230, 246 PE 1; 3A = plastizised RDX (USA) oxidizing group 230 PE-Wolle = low nitrogen percentage oxygen 337 nitrocellulose (german) Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 419 — le-tex

419 Index

PEG = polyethylene glycol 163 petroleum jelly 259, 335 pellet powder 250 PETS = pentaerythrol tetrastearate pellets 143, 250 (USA) pendulum test → ballistic mortar 22 PGTN = pentaglycerine trinitrate Penta = PETN (german) 259 pH test → Hansen test 161 pentaerythritol 260 PHE = plastic high explosive (UK) pentaerythritol tetranitrate 36, 77, phlegmatization 259 137, 144, 163, 166, 191, 205, 253, phosphonium salt 196 253, 259, 259, 335 Ph-Salz = ethylenediamine dinitrate pentaerythritol trinitrate 163, 253 (german) 126 Pentastit = phlegmatized PETN 249 phthalate diamylique 92 Pentol = mixture of PETN and TNT phthalate dibutylique 93 (german) Picatinny Arsenal 17, 189, 202 Pentolite = pourable mixture of TNT picramic acid 260 and PETN (USA) 253 picramide = trinitroaniline 357 Pentrit = PETN (german) 259 picrate d’ammonium 16 PENTRO = mixture of PETN, TNT and picrate d’éthyle 129 paraffin 49/49/2 (Swiss) picratedeguanidine 157 Pentryl = trinitrophenylnitramine Picratol = pourable mixture of TNT and ethylnitrate 365 ammonium picrate 260 PEP-2; PEP-3; PIPE = mixtures of PETN picric adic 166, 205, 260, 335 and Gulf Crown Oil (USA) Picrinata = picric acid (spanish) 260 perchlorate d’ammonium 14 picrylchloride = trinitrochlorobenzene perchloratedebarium 26 362 perchlorate explosives 249 picryl sulfide = hexanitrodiphenyl- perchlorate de guanidine 157 sulfide perchlorate d’hydrazine 184 picryl sulfone = hexanitrodiphenyl- perchloratedelithium210 sulfone perchloratedepotassium 268 Picurinsan = picric acid (Japan) 260 perchloratedesodium295 piezo-quartz 20 percussion cap; percussion primer 93, Pikramid = trinitroaniline 357 206, 207, 249, 273, 292, 293 Pinkrinsäure = picric acid 260 perforation of oil and gas wells 254 Pikrinsäuremethylester = trinitroanisol perle d’allumage = squib 42, 241 357 Perlit = picric acid (german) 260 Pirosilinovyye porokha = single base permissibles; permitted explosives 11, nitrocellulose propellant (russian) 72, 84, 86, 254, 367 Piroksilins N° 1 = nitrocellulose peroxides 31, 170, 259, 354, 368 12–13% N; N° 2 => 13% N (russian) peroxide de benzoyle 31 227 peroxide de tricycloacétone 354 plane charge (shaped charge) 287 peroxide de zinc = zinc peroxide 368 planewavegenerators= charges Perspex = acrylic acid methylester generating plane detonation fronts polymer (same as Plexiglas; Lucite) plastic explosives 243, 261 (USA) 87 Plastisol = solid rocket propellant Pertite = picric acid (Italy) 260 consisting of APC or AN, PVC and pétardage = mud cap 2, 42, 223 plasticizers PETN = pentaerythrol tetranitrate 36, plate dent test 261 77, 137, 144, 163, 166, 191, 205, 253, plateau combustion 45, 62 253, 259, 259, 335 Platzpatrone = blank cartridge PETRIN = pentaerythrol trinitrate Plumbaton = lead nitrate/TNT 70/30 (USA) 163, 259 (USA) Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 420 — le-tex

Index 420

PLX = Picatinny liquid explosive =→ potassium nitrate 35, 163, 247, 268, nitromethane or 95% NM and 5% 335 ethylenediamine (USA) potassium perchlorate 163, 268 PMA; PMMA = polymer acrylic potassium sulfate 163, 224 methylester (Plexiglas Lucite, poudre = gun powder 158 Perspex) 87 poudreàbasedelanitroglycérine= PN = poudre noir (french) = black double base propellant 116 powder 34 poudre à simple base = poudre B = PNA = pentanitroaniline single base nitrocellulose powder PNDPhEtl = pentanitrodiphenyle- (french) = single base powder 267, ethanol 292 PNDPhEth = pentanitrodiphenylether poudre composite = composite PNDPhSfo = pentanitrodiphenylsulfon propellant 61 pneumatic placing 263 poudre d’aluminium = aluminum PNL = D − 1 = phlegmatizing mixture powder 9 consisting of 84% paraffin wax, 14% poudre noir = black powder 34 nitrocellulose (12% N) and 2% poudre noir au nitrate de soude = Lecithine (USA) B-black powder 31 = PNP polynitropolyphenylene 263 poudre poreux = porous powder 267 = poiont d’inflammation flash point poudre progressive = progressive 142 burning propellant 273 → polyacetylene carbene 52 poudre sans fumée 291 poly-3-azidomethyl-3-methyl-oxetane poudre sphérique = ball powder 25 262 pousée = thrust 342 poly-3,3-bis-(azidomethyl)-oxetane poussière = coal dust 59, 254 263 powder (gun powder) 158 polybutadiene acrylic acid; → powder form explosives 271 polybutadiene acrylonitrile = composite propellants 61 PPG polypropyleneglycol (USA) 266, 335 polybutadiene carboxyterminated 62, 335 pre-ignition 271 polyethyleneglycol 163 premature firing 271 PolyGLYN 263 prequalification test 271 polyisobutylene 335 pre-splitting 272 polymethacrylate 163 pressing of rocket propellant charges polynitrogen 265 272 Polynitrogen Compounds 264 press-molding of explosives 272 = PolyNIMMO 264 pression de gaz gas pressure 150 polynitropolyphenylene 266 pressure cartridge 272 polypropyleneglycol 163, 261, 335 pressure-coordination rule 265 polysulfide 61 pressure exponent 21, 45 polytrop exponent 82 prills 13, 272 polyurethane 61, 266 Primacord = detonating fuse (USA) 77 polyvinyl nitrate 137, 163, 267, 335 Primadet = mild detonating fuse (USA) porous AN-prills 14 222 porous powder 267 primary blast 273 post-combustion 224, 268 primary explosives 193, 273 post-heating 9 primer 92, 273 potassium bitartrate 225 primer charge 273 potassium chlorate 58, 247, 268 produits de détonation = fumes 146 potassium chloride 337 progressive burnig 158, 273 Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 421 — le-tex

421 Index

projectile forming (shaped) charge Pyropowder = single base 287 nitrocellulose propellant (UK) projectile impact sensitivity 273 pyrotechnical compositions 25, 26, 27, propanediol dinitrate 274 42, 63, 210, 268, 268, 277, 277, 368 propellant 158, 273 pyrotechnical fuse 277 propellant-actuated power device 274 PYX = 2,6-bis-bis-(pikrylamino)-3,5- propellant area ratio (“Klemmung”) dinitropyridine 274, 296 propellant casting 55 q quality requirements for Industrial and propellant grain 45 → military explosives 137, 139 propellant traité de surface surface quantity-distance table 139, 277 treatment 307 quartz 150 propergols 274 QDX = SEX = 1-acetyloctahydro-3,5,7- = propulseur rocket motor 279 trinitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine propyleneglycol dinitrate 274 (USA) propylnitrate 276, 335 Quecksilberfulminat = mercury protection contre les courants fulminate 215 vagabonds = stray current quick-match; match cord; cambric 277 protection 302 quickness 45 Protivotankovaya roochnaya zazhigatelnaya granata = Molotow r cocktail (russian) R-Salz = cyclotrimethylenetrinitro- Prüfkapsel = test cap 311 samine (german) 67 PS = polysulfide 61 radicals, free radicals 330 PSAN = Phase Stabilized Ammonium Rakete = rocket 279 Nitrate 13 Raketenflugkörper = missile 222 = PTX-1 = Picatinny ternary explosive = Raketenmotor rocket motor 279 = RDX/Tetryl/TNT 30/50/20 (USA) Raketenprüfstand rocket test stand = 279 PTX-2 RDX/PETN/TNT 44/28/28 = (USA) Raketentreibmittel rocket propellant PTX-3 = mixture of EDN, Tetryl and 116, 330 Raketentriebwerk = rocket motor 279 TNT (USA) = PTX-4 = mixture of EDA, PETN and TNT Ramjet air breathing rocket system rapport d’expansion = propellant area (USA) ratio 274 PU = polyurethane 61 raté = misfire 222 pulsed infusion shotfiring 276 = = RATO rocket assisted take off Pulver, Schießpulver gun powder rauchloses; rauchschwaches Pulver 158 = smokeless powder 291 = pulverförmige Sprengstoffe powder Rayleigh line 83 form explosives, mostly AN based RDX = Cyclonite; Hexogen 36, 62, 63, 270 67, 117, 136, 144, 166, 191, 205, 212, Pulverrohmasse = paste 268 230, 259, 261, 333, 351 PVN = polyvinyl nitrate 137, 163, 267, RDX class A-H = various grain sized 335 qualities of Hexogen (USA) 67 Pyrocore = detonating fuse for rocket RDX type A = product nitrated by ignition nitric acid 67 Pyronite = Tetryl; also: mixture of RDX type B = product fabricated by Tetryl and the acetic anhydride (Bachmann) trinitrophenylmethylanilline 316 process; contains 3–12% → Octogen pyrophoric 277 67, 243 Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 422 — le-tex

Index 422

RDX Polar PE = plastizised RDX; Röhrenpulver; Röhrchenpulver = tube containing 12% Gulf 303 process oil shaped gun powder 158 and lecithine 90/10 = RDX/KelF Rohmasse; Pulverrohmasse = paste 90/10 249 reactivity test 372 roquette à propergol liquide = liquid recommended firing current 277 propellant rocket 210 recommended test current 277 roquette à propergol solide = solid recul = setback 287 propellant rocket 295 = Reduced Sensitivity 277 Rossite guanylnitrourea (USA) Règlement International concernant le rotational firing 281 Round Robin Test 281 transport des marchandises = dangereuses 278 RP-1 kerosin type as fuel in liquid regressive burning 277 rocket motor systems rubberlike propellant = polysulfide-, Reibempflindlichkeit = friction polyurethane- or Plastisolbonded → sensitivity 144 compostie propellants relais = booster 39 = = Rückstoß setback 287 relation des masses mass ratio 215 russian method = fibre length relative weight strength 22, 36, 303, evaluation by pulp sedimentation 366 228 relay 278 Russkii Koktel = russian cocktail = reliability 278 potassium chlorate and nitrotoluene requirements on industrial and in glass containers; ignition by military explosives 137 concentrated sulfuric acid résistance à l’eau = water resistance Russkii Splav = mixture of pricric acid 364 and dinitronaphthalene résistant au balles = bullet resistant RX-05-AA = RDX/polystyrene/dioctyl- resonance = erosive burning 278 phthalate 90/8/2 (USA) resserrement = propellant area ratio RX-09-AA = HMX/dinitropropylacryl- 274 ate/ethyldinitropentanoate restricted propellant 278 93.7/5/0.6 (USA) retart = delay 73 RX-04-AV = H MX/polyethylene 92/8 retard d’allumage = delayed (USA) inflammation; functioning time 73, RX-04-BY = HMX/FNR 86/14 (USA) 148 RZ-04-AT = HMX/carborane-fluoro- RF-214 = organic phosphorus carbon polymer 88/12 (USA) = compound for hypergolizing rocket RZ-04-Pl HMX/Viton 80/20 (USA) fuels s RFG = rifle fine grain powder (UK) safe & arm 281 RFNA = red fuming nitric acid (UK) = safety classes (of permitted explosives) RID Réglement International 254 concernant le transport des safety diaphragm 281 marchandises dangereuses 69, 163, safety distance of buildings 139 188, 278 safety fuse 277, 281 rifle bullet impact test 279 SAFEX INTERNATIONAL 282 RIPE = plastizided RDX with 15% Gulf Saint-Venant and Wantzel formula 150 Crown Oil (USA) Salpeter = salpetre; potassium nitrate rocket 279 267 rocket motor 279 Salpetersäure = nitric acid salt pair (ion rocket propellants 61, 116, 330 exchanged) permitted explosives rocket test stand 279 254 Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 423 — le-tex

423 Index

sand test 282 seismic explosives; seismic gelatins Sanshokitoruoru = TNT (Japan) 342 284 Sauerstoffträger = oxidizer 246 seismic shots 77, 284 Sauerstoffwert; Sauerstoffbilanz 247 seismograph; seismometer 285 sautage à gran trou = large hole Seismoplast = special explosives for blasting 199 seismic shots (german) 285 sautage par grands fourneaus de selective detonation 84 mines = coyote blasting 64 self forging fragment; SFF 288 SBA = slurry blasting agent (USA) Sekundärladung = base charge 28 scaled distance 283 Semiconductor Bridge Igniter (SCB) SCAN = Spay Crystallized Ammonium 285 Nitrate 13 semigelatin dynamites 286 SCB → Semiconductor Bridge Igniter Semtex 286 285 sensibilité 311 Schießpulver = gun powder 168, 227 sensibilité à l’impact = impact Schießwolle = underwater explosives sensitivity 188 consisting of TNT, sensibilié à l’impact projectiles = hexanitrodiphenylamine and projectile impact sensitivity 273 aluminum, now obsolete (german) sensibilité au chauffage = heat Schlagempfindlichkeit = impact sensitivity 163 sensitivity 188 sensibilité au choc de détonateur = Schlagwetter = firedamp 141, 254 cap sensitivity 49 Schneckenpresse = screw extruder sensibilité au frottement = friction 284 sensitivity 143 Schneiderit = mixture of AN and sensitivity 144, 163, 273, 287 nitrocompounds, mostly Serienschaltung = series electric dinitronaphthalene (french) blasting cap circuit 285 Schneidladungen = cutting charges Serien-Parallel-Schaltung = series in 66, 287 parallel electric balsting cap circuit schonendes Sprengen = smooth 285 blasting setback 285 Schub = Thrust 342 SFF = EFP 288 Schubmessung = thrust S.G.P. = denomination of → permitted determination 342 explosives in Belgium Schuttdichte = bulk density 41 S-H-process (RDX-synthesis) 67 Schutzwall = barricade 26 shaped charge 41, 66, 287 Schwaden = fumes 146 shaped-charge weapon attack 195 Schwarzpulver = black powder 34 sheathed explosives 289 Schwarzpulverzündschnüre = safety shelf life (storage life) 116, 290 fuses 281 Shellite (UK) = Tridite (USA) = mixtures Schwefel = sulfur 307 of picric acid and hexanitrodi- screw extruder 284 phenylamide SD = double base propellant Shimose = picric acid (Japan) 260 fabricated without solvents (french) shock pass heat filter 87 SDMH = symmetric dimethylhydra- shock wave 3, 78ff., 290 zine (USA) Shoeiyaku = PETN (Japan) 259 SE = slurry explosive (USA) 293 Shotoyaku = An/TNT 50/50 (Japan) secondary blasting 284 Shouyaku-koshitsu = plastizised RDX secondary explosives 284 short delay blasting (→ also: Securit → Wetter-securit = permitted millisecond delay blasting) 221 explosive (german) 367 shot anchor 290 Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 424 — le-tex

Index 424

shot firer, blaster 35, 290 soluble gun cotton = nitrocellulose SH-Salz = RDX fabricated by 12.2% 228 decomposing nitration according to Solventless Propellants 297 Schnurr-Henning 69 solventless processing for propellants Sicherheitsabstands-Tabelle (USA) 139 158 Sicherheitszündschnüre = safety fuses Sorguyl = tetranitroglycolurile (french) 281 98 Silberacetylid 290 soufre 307 Silberazid 290 spacing 297 Silbercarbid 290 Spätzündung = hangfire 161 Silberfulminat 291 Spaltzünder = spark detonator 297 silver acetylide 290 Span = sorbitane monooleate (USA) silver azide 290 spark detonators 297 silver carbide 290 special effects 297 silvered vessel test 291 specific energy 297, 304, 325 silver fulminate 291 specific impulse 265, 298 SINCO = gas generating propellant spezifischer Sprengstoffverbrauch = (german) 292 explosive loading factor 134 single bases powders 292 spinner = spin stabilized rocket Single-Event FAE = Thermobaric Splittertest = fragmentation test 142 Explosives (TBX) 319 Spränggrummi = blasting gelatin Sinoxid = non eroding primer (Norway) composition (german) 293 Sprengbereich = blast area 35 SINTOX = lead free priming Sprenggelatine = blasting gelatin 36 composition (german) 293 Sprengkapselempfindlichkeit = cap Sixolite = tetramethylolcyclohexanol sensitivity 49 pentanitrate 312 Sprengkapseln = blasting caps; Sixonite = tetramethylolcyclohexa- detonators 36 none tetranitrate 312 Sprengkraft = strength 303 skid test 293 Sprengluft-Verfahren → liquid oxygen slotted mortar (test gallery) 256 explosives 209 slow cook-off test 195 Sprengmeister = shot firer; blaster 35, slurries 10, 14, 36, 49, 118, 158, 199, 290 209, 218, 291 Sprengmittel = explosive materials slurry casting 55 134 small arms ammunition primers 292 Sprengöl = nitroglycerine, nitrogly- small-arms attack 195 col and mixtures thereof 231, 234 smoke-free combustion 265 Sprengpulver = black powder for SN = sodium nitrate 294 blastings 28, 34 snake hole 292 Sprengriegel = explosive bolt 134 Sodatol = sodium nitrate/TNT 50/50 Sprengsalpeter = B-black powder 28 294 Sprengschlamm = slurry 10, 17, 35, sodium chlorate 292 49, 118, 158, 199, 209, 218, 293 sodium chloride; salt 254, 255, 338 Sprengschnur 77 sodium hydrogen carbonate 335 Sprengstoff-Attrappen = Mock sodium nitrate 63, 246, 247, 292, 335 Explosives 222 sodium perchlorate 295 Sprengstoff-Ladegeräte = loading soft grain powder (black powder) 34, devices 295 Sprengstoff-Lager = magazine 213 Sohlenbohrloch = snake hole 294 Sprengstoff-Prüfstrecke = test gallery solid propellant rocket 295 255 Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 425 — le-tex

425 Index

Sprengzubehör = blasting accessories Supercord = detonating fuse with ca. 35 40 g/m PETN (german) 307 Sprengzünder = blasting cap 36 superconic propagation → shock springing 300 wave; detonation 78ff. squib 42, 300 Stabilität; stabilité; stability 1, 29, 116, t 158, 219, 287, 300, 372, 363 T4 = RDX (Italy) 67 stabilizer 5, 10, 56, 57, 105, 113, 128, T4 plastico = RDX plastizised with 158, 219, 301 17,3% diglycol dinitrate or with 11% stable detonation 83 petroleum (Italy) Stärkenitrat = nitrostarch 240 T-Stoff = concentrated hydrogen Stahlhülsenverfahren = steel sleeve peroxide (german) test (heat sensitivity) 164 TA = triacetine 163 STANAG 302 Tacot = tetranitrodibenzotetraza- standard combustion chamber 60 pentalente 309 Standardization of tests: International tableau des distances de sécurite: → Study Group for the Standardization table 13, page 139 of the Methods of Testing Explosives TAGN = triaminoguanidine nitrate Secretary: Dr. Per-Anders Persson, 352 Swedish Detonic Research talc 337 Foundation, Box 32928, 12981 Taliani test 310 Stockholm, Sweden 85 tamping = stemming 302, 311 Start-Rakete = booster 39 tamping pole 311 state equation 83, 121 Tanoyaku = mixtures of RDX, TNT and Stauchprobe = upsetting test 370 Tetryl (Japan) Steinflug = fly rock 142 TAT = 1,3,5,7-tetracetyl-1,3,5,7-octa- steel sleeve test 163 hydroazocine, precursor-product for the → Octogensynthesis 244 stemming 63, 302 = Stickstofftetroxid = nitrogen tetroxide TATB triaminotrinitrobenzene 353 TATNB = triazidotrinitrobenzene 354 209 = Stirnabbrand = face burning 58, 140 TAX acethylhexahydrodinitrotriazine (USA) Stoppine = quick-match; cambric 277 TBX = Thermobaric Explosives 319 storage of explosives 139, 139, 302 = TBX – IAT 311 Stoßgriffmaschinen blasting TDI = toluene diisocyanate 351 machines with impact knob 36 = = TEDFO bis-(trinitroethyl)-difluor- Stoßtränkungssprengen pulsed formal infusion shotfiring 276 = = TEGMN triethyleneglycolmono- Stoßwelle shock wave 78 nitrate straight dynamites 23 TEGN = triethyleneglycoldinitrate 354 strands 65 temperature coefficient → burning stray current protection 302 rate 44 strength 23, 201, 297, 303 température de décomposition; Streustromsicherheit = stray current température d’inflammation = protection 302 deflagration point 72 strontium nitrate 306 température d’explosion = explosion styphnic acid = trinitroresorcinol 306, temperature 133 336 TEN = PETN (russian) 259 styphnyldichloride = dichloro-2,4,6- TeNA = tetranitroaniline 312 trinitrobenzene TeNAns = tetranitroanisol sulfur 34, 247, 304 TeNAzxB = tetranitroazoxybenzene Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 426 — le-tex

Index 426

TeNB = tetranitrobenzene tétranitrate de TeNBPh = tetranitrodiphenylamine tétraméthylolpentanone 311 TeNBu = tetranitrobutane tétranitrate de pentaérythrite = PETN TeNCB = tetranitrochlorobenzene 259 TeNCbl = tetranitrocarbanilide tetranitroaniline 313 TeNCbz = tetranitrocarbazol 313 tetranitrocarbazol 313 TeNDG = tetranitrodiglycerine 96 tetranitrodibenzotetrazapentalene = TeNDMBDNA = tetranitrodimethyl- Tacot 309 benzidinedinitramine tetranitrodiglycerol 96 TeNDPhETa = tetranitrophenylethane tetranitroerythritol 124 TeNDPhEtla = tetranitrodiphenyl- tetranitroglycolurile 100 ethanolamine tetranitromethylaniline = Tetryl 316 TeNHzB = tetranitrohydrazobenzene tetranitromethane 209, 314, 336 TeNMA = tetranitromethylaniline tetranitronaphthalene (Tetryl) 316 Tetrasin = tetrazene (russian) 315 TeNMe = tetranitromethane 313 Tetratetryl = tetra-(trinitrophenyl- TeNN = tetranitronaphthalene 314 nitraminoethyl)methane (USA) TeNOx = tetranitrooxanilide tetrazene 137, 144, 191, 207, 292, 293, TeNPhMNA = tetranitrophenyl- 316 methylnitramine tetrazolylguanyltetrazene hydrate = TeNT = tetranitrotoluene tetrazene 315 TeNTMB = 3,5′,5′-tetranitro-4,4′- 1-[(2E)-3-(1H-Tetrazol-5-yl)triaz-2-en- tetramethyldiaminobiphenyl 1-ylidene]methanediamine 317 (USA) Tetril = Tetryl (russian) 318 TePhUR = tetraphenylurea (USA) Tetritol-Cyclonite = Tetryl/TNT/RDX Territ = plastic explosive consisting of 11.7/16.4/71.9 (russian) nitroglycerine, APC, DNT, TNT, SN Tetroxyl = trinitrophenylmethoxy- and nitrocellulose (Sweden) nitramine (USA) test cap 311 Tetryl 36, 136, 166, 191, 205, 318, 336 test préliminaire = prequalification Tetrytol = mixture Tetryl/TNT 319 test 271 TEX 109 testing galleries 255 TFENA = trifluoroethylnitramine Tetraamine-cis-bis(5-nitro-2H- TG = thermogravimetry 96 tetrazolato) Cobalt(III) Perchlorate, TG = Trotil-Gheksogen = TNT/RDX BNCP 311 mixtures (russian) Tetralit = Tetryl (german) 318 Thermal Explosion 319 Tetralita = Tetryl (italian, spanish) 318 théorie hydrodynamique de la tetramethylammonium nitrate 311 détonation = thermohydrodynamic tetramethylenetetranitramine = theory of detonation 78ff. Octogen; HMX 136, 144, 212, 243, thermic differential analysis 96 259, 335 thermische Sensibilität = heat tetramethylolcyclohexanol sensitivity 163 pentanitrate = Hexolite 312 thermites 321 tetramethylolcyclohexanone Thermobaric Explosives (TBX) 319 tetranitrate = Hexonite 312 thermodynamic calculation of tetramethylolcyclopentanol decomposition reactions of pentanitrate = Fivolite 312 industrial explosives, gun powders, tetramethylolcyclopentanone rocket propellants, tables 321ff. tetranitrate = Fivonite 312 thermogravimetry 96 tétranitrate de diglycérine 96 thermohydrodynamic theory of tétranitrate d’erythrile 124 detonation 78ff. Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 427 — le-tex

427 Index

Thional = pentanitrodiphenylsulfon TNPhMNA = trinitrophenylmethyl- (USA) nitramine = Tetryl 316 thrust 296, 341 TNPhMNAPh = trinitrophenyl-methyl- tir à microretard = millisecond delay nitraminophenol blasting 221 TNPht = trinitrophenetol 129 tir d’impregnation = pulsed infusion TNPy = trinitropyridine 366 shotfiring 276 TNPyOx = trinitropyridine-1-oxide tir primaire = primary blast 273 366 tir sou pression d’eau = underwater TNR = trinitroresorcine (styphnic acid) detonation 368 306 TLP = Treibladungspulver = gun TNRS = lead styphnate 207 pro-pellant; the following suffix TNStl = trinitrostilbene (e. g., TLP/A) indicates; TNT = trinitrotoluene 13, 23, 55, 62, TMEMT = trimethylenetrinitrosamine 67, 117, 118, 136, 163, 166, 191, 221, 67 246, 260, 294, 336, 342, 351, 352 TNA trinitroaniline 313 TNTAB = trinitrotriazidobenzene 354 TNAmPH = trinitroaminophenol TNTClB = trinitrochlorobenzene 362 TNAZ = Trinitroazetidin 336, 359 TNTMNA = trinitrotolylmethyl- TNnd = trinitroanilide nitramine TNAns = trinitroanisole 357 TNX = trinitroxylene 367 TNB = trinitrobenzene 360 toe 351 TNBA = trinitrobenzaldehyde TOFLOX = solution of ozonefluoride in TNBAc = trinitrobenzoic acid 361 liquid oxygen TNBxN = trinitrobenzol nitrate Tolita = TNT (spanish) 342 TNC = tetranitrocarbazol 313 Tolite = TNT (french) TNCB = trinitrochlorobenzene 362 Tolite/D = TNT, solidification point TNCrs = trinitrocresol 362 80.6 °C = 180.1 °F TNDCB = trinitrodichlorobenzene Tolite/M = the same, 78 °C = 175.4 °F TNDMA = trinitrodimenthylaniline Tolite/O = 79 °C = 177.2 °F TNDPhA = trinitrodiphenylamine Tolite/T = 80.1 °C = 179.2 °F (french) TNEB = trinitroethylbenzene totuylene diisocyanate 137, 351 TNEDV = trinitroethyldinitrovalerate Tonka = aniline and dimethylaniline as TNETB = 2,2,2-trinitroethyl-4,4,4,- liquid rocket fuel together with trinitrobutyrate nitric acid as oxidator (german) TNG = trinitroglycerine 231 Torpex = mixture of RDX, TNT and TNM = tetranitromethane 314 aluminum 9, 69, 351 TNMA = trinitromethylaniline Totalit = AN with ca. 6% paraffin (swiss) TNMeL = trinitromelamine toxic fumes 8, 146 TNMes = trinitromesitylene TPEON = tripentaerythroloctanitrate TNN = trinitronaphthalene 364 tracers 351 TNPE = PETN (spanish) 259 traitement des métaux par explosion TNO = tetranitrooxanilide 133 TNPh = trinitrophenol = picric acid traitement de surface = surface 260 treatment 307 TNPhBuNA = trinitrophenylbutyl- transmission of detonation → nitramine detonation, sympathetic TNPhDA = trinitrophenylendiamine detonation; gap test 85, 149 TNPhENA = trinitrophenylethyl- transport regulations nitramine 129 → ADR (road) 2 TNPhIGI = trinitrophloroglucine → RID (rail) 278 Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 428 — le-tex

Index 428

→ IATA (air) 185 trinitrobenzene 336, 360 → IMDG (shipping) 188 trinitrobenzoic acid 361 transport par injection d’eau 365 trinitrochlorobenzene 100, 336, 362 Tauzl test → lead block test 201 trinitrocresol 362 Treibstoff = propellant 273 trinitrodioxybenzene 306 triacetin 163 trinitroethylalcohol 34 Triacetonperoxid; triacétoneperoxide trinitrometacresol 362 258, 354 trinitrometaxylene 367 Trialen = mixture of RDX, TNT and trinitromethane 363 aluminum (german) 9, 69, 352 trinitronaphthalene 364 triaminoguanidine nitrate 6, 212, 336, trinitrophenetol 129 352 trinitrophenol; picric acid 166, 205, triaminotrinitrobenzene 336, 353 260, 335 triazide cyanurique 67 trinitrophenoxy-ethyl nitrate 364 triazidotrinitrobenzene 354 trinitrophenylethylnitramine = Tribride = 3-component rocket ethyltetryl 129 system, e. g., metal fuels suspended Trinitrophenylglycerinetherdinitrat in liquid fuels and oxidators (USA) 153 Tricinat = salt of styphnic acid Trinitrophenylglykolethernitrat 364 (german) trinitrophenylmethylaniline = Tetryl tricycloacetone peroxide 258, 354 316 Triergol = same as Tribride trinitrophenylmethylether = triethyleneglycol 355 trinitroanisol 357 triethyleneglycol dinitrate = trinitrophenylmethylnitramine = Tetryl Triglykoldinitrat (german) 163, 354 36, 136, 144, 166, 191, 205, 247, 318, Trilita = TNT (spanish) 342 336 trimethylamine nitrate 336, 355 trinitrophenylnitramino ethylnitrate trimethyleneglycol dinitrate 356 365 trimethylenetrinitrosamine 67 trinitropyridine 336, 366 trimethylenetrinitramine = RDX = trinitropyridine-N-oxide 336, 366 Cyclonite 67 trinitrorésorcinate de plomb 207 trimethylolethylmethane trinitrate trinitroresorcinol = styphnic acid 306, 125 336 trimethylolnitromethane trinitrate trinitrosotrimethylenetriamine 74 237 trinitrotoluene = TNT 13, 23, 55, 62, trimethylolpropane trinitrate 125 67, 117, 118, 136, 163, 166, 191, 221, Trinal = trinitronaphthalene 364 246, 260, 294, 336, 342, 351, 352 trinitrate de butanetriol 47 trinitroxylene 367 trinitrate de glycérine 231 Trinol = trinitroanisol 357 trinitrate de nitroisobutylglycérine Triogen = trimethylenetrinitrosamine 237 (USA) 74 trinitrate de pentaérythrite 253 triple base propellants 158 trinitrate de triméthyloléthylméthane Trisol = trinitroanisol 357 125 Tritonal = mixture of RDX, TNT and trinitrate de aluminum (german) 9, 367 triméthylolméthylméthane 220 Trixogen = mixture of RDX and TNT Trinitril = glyceroltrinitrophenylether (german) 368 dinitrate Trizin = trinitroresorcinol (german) trinitroaniline 205, 357 306 trinitroanisole 357 Trojel = slurry blasting agent Trinitroazetidin 336, 359 Trotyl = TNT (german) 342 Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 429 — le-tex

429 Index

trunkline (of detonating cord) 78 Verträglichkeit = compatibility 61 tuyère = nozzle 243 Verzögerungszünder = delay fuze 73 vessel mortar test 304 u Viatra = Inert stemming cartridge U = bridgewire detonator U (swiss) (unsensitive), (german) 40 Vibrometer 372 UDMH = unsymmetrical dimethyl- Vieille Test 181, 363 hydrazine (USA) 98, 196 Virial equation 122 Übertragung = sympathetic viscosity of nitrocellulose 229 detonation 85, 142 Visol; Visol-1; -4; -6 = vinylethylether ullage 368 and mixtures with isopropylalcohol ummantelte Sprengstoffe = sheathed and vinylbutylether; liquid rocket explosives 288 fuel (german) unbarricated 368 Vistac N° 1 = low molecular weight unconfined detonation velocity 88, polybutane (USA) 368 vitesse de combustion = burning rate undersonic propagation (= 19, 44, 124 deflagration) 44, 72 vitesse de détonation = detonation underwater detonations 17, 368 velocity 41, 70, 74, 88 underwater explosives → DBX; → vitesse moyenne de combustion = Torpex 70, 351, 368 average burning rate 19 Unterwasserzünder = water resistant Viton A = perfluoropropylene- detonator 366 vinylidine fluoride copolymer upsetting tests 41, 370 vivacity factor 45 urea nitrate 205, 336, 354 VNP = polyvinyl nitrate (USA) 267 urethane → stabilizer 301 volume of explosion gases 363 US Bureau of Mines 372 volume strength 41, 325, 364 Vorgabe = burden 43 = v vorkesseln springing 300 vorspalten = pre-splitting 271 vacuum test 61, 372 = = vapor pressure 196 VV Vzryvchatoiye veschestvo explosive (russian) vaseline 259 = velocite de combustion = burning rate V-W porous powders (german) 44 Veltex = mixture of HMX, w nitrocellulose, nitroglycerine, W I; W II; W III = permitted explosives nitrodiphenylamine and triacetine belonging to the german safety 372 classes I,II and III 367 Verbrennung = combustion 60 warm storage tests; Warmlagerteste → Verbrennungswärme = heat of hot storage tests 181 combustion 162 Wasserbesatz = water stemming 366 Verbundtreibsätze = composite water driven injector transport of propellants 61 nitroglycerine 365 verdämmen = stemming 302 water 336, 337 Vernichten von Explosivstoffen = water gels 10, 293, 365 destruction of explosive materials water hammer; water jet 370 74 water infusion blasting 370 Verpfuffungspunkt = deflagration water resistance 364 point 72 water resistant detonator 365 Versager = misfire 222 water stemming 365 Verstärkungsladung = booster 39 web 366 Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 430 — le-tex

Index 430

Weichkornpulver = soft grain black Zhirov = mixtures of tetryl with APC or powder 34, 295 potassium perchlorate (russian) weight strength → relative weight Zigarettenabbrand = face burning strength 22, 36, 303, 366 140 Wetter-Sprengstoffe = permittet zinc peroxide 293, 368 explosives 254 Z-Salz; Z-Stoff C; Z-Stoff N = WFNA; WFN = white fuming nitric acid permanganates for decomposition (UK) 196 catalysis of hydrogen peroxide WhC = white compound = Zuckernitrat 240 1.9-dicarboxy-2,4,6,8-tetra- Zündabzweigung = downline nitrophenazin-N-oxide (USA) Zündanlage = ignition system 186 wood dust 336 Zündblättche → amorces 16 Wood’s metal 72 Zünder = fuze 148 = W-Salz RDX according Wolfram Zünder, elektrische → bridgewire (german) 69 detonators 40 Zünderdrähte = leg wires 208 x = = Zündhütchen amorce 16 X-312 A igniter for mild detonating Zündimpuls = electric pulse for fuse (USA) bridgewire detonators 40 X28M = Plasticizer containing → Zündkabel = firing line 141, 208 Polyvinyl Nitrate 267 Zündkreis = circuit 58, 287 X-Ray-Flash 367 Zündkreisprüfer = circuit tester 58 X-Stoff = tetranitromethane (german) Zündladung = primer charge 273 313 = Xilit = trinitroxylene (russian) 367 Zündmaschine blasting machine 36 = Zündpille = squib 300 XTX RDX coated with Sylgard, a = silicon resin Zündschalter blasting switch 37 = Xyloidine = nitrostarch 240 Zündschnur safety fuse 277, 281 Zündschraube = fuze head 149 y Zündsicherung = igniter safety Yonkite = industrial explosive mechanism 186 (Belgium) Zündstrom = firing current 141 Yuenyaku = black powder (Japan) 34 Zündung = initiation 193 Zündverzug = functioning time 74, z 148 Zazhigateinaya = Molotow-cocktail Zündwilligkeit = ignitibility 186 (russian) Zustandsgleichung = equation of state Zeitzünder → bridgewire detonators 83, 121 40 zweibasige Pulver = double base Zentralit → Centralite 56, 57 propellants 116