FEBRUARY 2016 2 BLUE LINE MAGAZINE February, 2016 Volume 28 Number 2

Features  6 People Helping People An alternate mental health crisis response model 10 Duties to Fulfill Unique agency keeps Alberta communities resilient 12 Promoting Diversity “Serving with Pride” leads the way for police in Ontario Cover Shot: Alana Holtom 6 14 Doing Everything with Nothing Communities need to understand the cost of modern policing

10 18 Truth, Reconciliation and the RCMP

Departments

46 Advertisers Index 20 Deep Blue 44 Dispatches 38 Holding the Line 45 Market Place 44 Showcase 43 Product News 5 Publisher’s Commentary 12 36 Technology

Case Law

40 Arrest grounds depend on all circumstances 41 Secondary purpose didn’t taint stop legality

BLUE LINE MAGAZINE 3 FEBRUARY 2016 FEBRUARY 2016 4 BLUE LINE MAGAZINE PUBLISHER’S COMMENTARY Blue Line by Morley Lymburner Magazine Inc.

PUBLISHER Engaging a Charter Right Morley S. Lymburner – [email protected]

ASSOCIATE PUBLISHER The Canadian aversion to arming paral- show a glimmer of understanding the risks. Kathryn Lymburner – [email protected] lel law enforcement personnel concerns me. Alberta Sheriffs are now armed and so are of- Responding to alarm calls in my early years, ficers with that rather ungainly named South GENERAL MANAGER I recall the ‘key holder’ security car drivers Coast British Columbia Transportation Au- Mary K. Lymburner – [email protected] always having a gun on their hip. I always thority Police Service, (or the “SCABTAPS” SENIOR EDITOR felt just a little safer knowing this. for short). These agencies, like Parliament Mark Reesor – [email protected] The guns gradually disappeared. When I Hill security, armed their officers after several asked why, no one seemed to have an answer. nasty close calls which upped the ante on CREATIVE DIRECTOR From then on I had to worry not only about officer and public safety. E. Jolene Dreja – [email protected] my own safety but the security officer as well After all the mass shooting incidents in ART DIRECTOR when entering a building. The stress level Canadian and American academic institu- Janell Bemister – [email protected] ratcheted up a couple of notches. tions why are we still taking a chance with Nowadays the dispatcher tells lone re- unarmed campus police? MARKETING MANAGER sponders to await back-up, which takes two Yes, in some cases they are called “po- April Lensen – [email protected] officers off the road for an alarm call. lice” but hampered in their ability to protect CONTRIBUTING WRITERS Get the picture here? their people from armed and dangerous in- Dave Brown Robert Lunney Years back I asked why nuclear power truders. Their only option is to call in other Stephanie Conn Mike Novakowski plant security officers were not armed. “I police from off-campus who, in most cases, Dorothy Cotton Tom Rataj don’t know” was the refreshingly forthright know little about the roads or labyrinth of answer from a high level supervisor. buildings. AFFILIATIONS So what was the issue with arming them? While we are on the topic there should International Association of Law Enforcement Planners That answer was simply not available. also be a push for proper panic rooms. In a Canadian Advertising Rates Data Politicians and even top leaders at these recent shopping visit to a massive American organizations were speechless when asked shopping mall my wife and I were surprised International Police Association this question. Is it lack of faith in the officer’s by a ringing bell in the book store where we The Canadian Press Newswire ability? Public opinion? Traditional, heavy were browsing. Access Copyright handed gun control? All the staff immediately began hurry- Whatever the answer, people at the top ing us to the back of the store into the lunch SUBSCRIPTIONS put up passive resistance, as if the question room. After the last person crowded in the $30 per year; $50 for 2yrs; US & Foreign: $100 had never been asked or simply not heard. metal door was shut and a bar placed across There have been some advances. Nuclear it. After about five minutes an “all clear” was ADVERTISING power plant security was eventually armed. broadcast and we were let out. This was an 888-640-3048 [email protected] Parliament Hill security also finally carries “armed intruder” drill. Great idea. Canada weapons, though it did take an armed and take note. www.blueline.ca motivated attacker intent on killing or be “When seconds count police are only 12A-4981 Hwy7 East, Ste 254, killed to spur top leaders into action. What minutes away,” an old saying sarcastically Markham, ON L3R 1N1 Canada the attacker had not counted on was raw notes. It is time we stopped equating firearms P: 905-640-3048 F: 905-640-7547 courage from an unarmed security officer with police alone. The people guarding transit [email protected] who attempted to disarm him. That officer systems, airports, shopping malls any place was shot in the foot but bought enough time where there is a large gathering of people for the sergeant at arms to unlock a security should be permitted to carry firearms. PRINTED box, retrieve a gun and ultimately help stop After all, a country that wants to have IN CANADA the attacker. gun control must reassure its citizens that ISSN# 08478538 A sober second look at this would quickly the nearest uniform, and not just police of- determine that the attacker would never have ficers, will be armed and suitably trained to Blue Line Magazine was established in 1988 as an independent gotten on to Parliament Hill, let alone Centre protect them. publication to inform, entertain, connect and educate those involved This is summed up in section 7 of the in the law enforcement profession. With no direct control from an Block itself, had that lone security officer enforcement agency, its opinions do not necessarily reflect those been armed with more than just his courage. Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms: of any government or law enforcement agency. Immediately after the Ottawa incidents “Everyone has the right to life, liberty and The authors, advisors, and publisher accept no liability whatsoever armed police were sent to protect public security of the person...” for any injuries to person(s) or property resulting from application or adoption of anything presented in this magazine. Readers are works and transit sites across the country. While politicians fight the battle for better cautioned and advised that articles presented herein are edited and This sudden need for armed protection rhetoric they should be aware that it is up to supplied for your personal awareness and should not be used for them to ensure this right is actively engaged. further action until appropriate guidance is received from a supervi- severely stretched police agencies across the sor, Crown Attorney or other persons in authority. country and, of course, was not sustainable All material submitted for publication becomes property of Blue for long. Yet, security officers who patrol Line Magazine Inc. unless arrangements have been made with the Canada’s largest transit system, riding it daily In honour of publisher prior to publication. and becoming the most familiar with the tini- Auxiliary Constable Glen EVELY © 2016 All articles are protected by copyright. No part of this est nuances of the facilities and those who use End of Watch - November 13, 2004 publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or means, CANADIAN POLICE MEMORIAL electronic or mechanical, (including photocopying and recording or it, are still unarmed. This even though police by any information storage or retrieval system), without prior permis- know the Toronto subway is the transporta- DENIED sion. Permission to reprint may be obtained in advance from Access SIGN THE PETITION Copyright 1-800-893-5777. tion of choice for many escaping felons. Admittedly some parts of the country WWW.SurreyAuxiliary.org/petition

BLUE LINE MAGAZINE 5 FEBRUARY 2016 An alternate mental health crisis response model

Above photo: Shab Freitas, Canadian Mental Health Association (CMHA) and Cst. Craig Robertson

by Doug Sheppard and four surrounding townships (Woolwich, was usually briefed on the basic details of the Wellesley, Wilmot and North Dumfries), incident by dispatch. In many cases nurses A collaboration between the Canadian with a 2015 population of more than 560,000 heard the call on the police radio and were Mental Health Association (CMHA), Local people. The WRPS has three urban policing already heading to the scene when their as- Health Integration Network (LHIN) and Wa- divisions as well as a rural patrol division. sistance was requested. terloo Regional Police Service (WRPS) has Having a mobile response across this vast significantly reduced mental health apprehen- geographical area was a challenge for the Immediately successful sions and police wait-times at hospitals and committee. The SCT Nurse program was an immedi- improving service to patients within their The new program received base funding ate success. own homes. from the LHIN, and involved a different Upon attending an incident, the nurse WRPS and Waterloo Wellington LHIN approach from models adopted elsewhere, provides mental health support for the person struck a committee in late 2012 tasked with including a unique dispatch model. The local in crisis and overall support for the officer developing a model to address key factors model hired Specialized Crisis Team (SCT) quickly assessing whether the subject’s be- relating to how police respond to mental psychiatric nurses from the Canadian Mental haviours require enhanced crisis support or health incidents. The goal was to educate Health Association to individually attend are better served by support at the scene. officers on alternatives to apprehension and scenes of mental health crisis anywhere in The nurse has access to other supports assist in identifying opportunities for practi- the region on an 11 hour per day, 7 day a available through CMHA. If the subject re- cal intervention. week basis. quires enhanced care, nurses provides their WRPS officers were making apprehen- Nurses were given police radios and assessment to the officer; these observations sions in 53 per cent of all MHA related inci- trained how to use them. They were logged contribute to the officer’s grounds for ap- dents at the time, but only achieving admis- onto the police dispatch system and showed prehension. sions 20 per cent of the time. Spending hours available for duty when working, just like Once apprehended, the nurse accompa- waiting in hospital emergency departments any other police unit. Officers were trained in nies the officer and person to the emergency for patient assessments was an inefficient use the partnership program and also given more department and shares their indicators with of officers’ time. There was a clear need to specific overall mental health crisis training. crisis staff. This professional sharing of infor- better serve those in crisis and improve police When an officer assigned to a mental health mation has led to a 77 per cent admission rate response to mental health related incidents. related incident determined that the SCT in 2015 (versus 20 per cent pre-program) and Waterloo Region covers an area of 1,369 nurse could assist, they were dispatched a significant drop in officer time spent at the square kilometers, comprised by three major either via radio or cell phone. hospital (75 minute average per apprehension cities (Kitchener, Waterloo and Cambridge) Prior to being requested, the SCT nurse in 2015 to the end of November).

FEBRUARY 2016 6 BLUE LINE MAGAZINE Above photo: Left — Darrin Lewis, CMHA with Cst. Ryan Chen | Right — Aleah Jull, CMHA with Cst. Mark Herwartz

A secondary benefit is that the SCT nurse guides them on the most effective response increase in attempt suicide and mental health often elects to stay with the person in crisis strategy in each situation. The focus: al- crisis incidents. while the officer is free to clear the call. Early though officers need to be constantly diligent Overall, significant media attention sur- in the new program, officers would clear the to protect safety and well-being, there are rounding mental health may have positively call but remain a block or two away wait- effective methods to appropriately resolve contributed to the overall rise in incidents, ing for the nurse to call them back. Officers incidents of mental health crisis that do not as there is greater awareness of services were only called back a handful (less than involve apprehension or arrest. available to those in crisis and more social 10) times to a scene in the first year of the acceptance to expressing a need for help (e.g. program, mainly because of other people Statistical Results Bell’s Let’s Talk campaign). showing up and interrupting the interaction Mental health related police incidents between the person in crisis and the nurse. have shown a steady increase year over year, Overall Apprehensions Since the inception of the program, this up 24 per cent since the end of 2011. This Although the number of mental health in- assumption of incident responsibility has trend continued in 2014, with an 8.5 per cent cidents have risen, the apprehension percentile freed up several hundred officer hours. The nurses have cited a level of comfort in ex- cusing officers from incidents because they have a police radio. Once the officer clears, the dispatch centre keeps track of the nurse as they would any other logged on member, periodically checking for an “all 10-4?” Should a situation deteriorate, the nurse can either radio dispatch or activate the emergency button for rapid officer response. Since the inception of the program in February 2013, SCT nurses have attended 1,926 incidents and have yet to activate an emergency recall, in part due to their initial patient assessment, conducted in the presence of officers. The SCT program also uses short-term support (30-60 days) from a mental health clinician who can provide counselling co- ordinators to assist individual access to community mental health resources. These CMHA staff are available to police officers through a fax referral when the SCT nurse does not respond. They are also used by the nurses as a follow-up to their intervention and assessment. If immediate consultation is required for a person in crisis, and the SCT is not available, officers can also contact the CMHA’s “Here 24/7” crisis support line. All WRPS officers who may respond to mental health related incidents have received enhanced training in crisis response. The Durham Regional Police Service allowed the WRPS to use its scenario-based e-learning training module, which walks officers through different mental health situations and

BLUE LINE MAGAZINE 7 FEBRUARY 2016 has not risen as high, proportionately. Overall, the apprehension frequency for all mental health calls for service in 2014 has fallen, even though there were 266 more incidents. This is a testament to the overall efficacy of the program, as officers have enhanced training in how to effectively address mental health issues while also getting nurse assistance. As of November 2015, the overall fre- quency of apprehension for mental health crisis incidents fell by 25 per cent since the program was introduced. Although it would be ideal to have no apprehensions, a realistic target goal of 30 per cent has been set. While challenging, it is hoped that goal will eventu- ally be met or exceeded through continued training and application of existing resources. A lower apprehension rate will mean tend to 30 per cent of all such incidents. improve on through expanded education more people in crisis receive effective home- Despite increased SCT attendance, the and training. based mental health care. It will also result in apprehension frequency fell from 24 per cent When apprehensions were made by of- a significant reduction in hospital wait times of all incidents in 2013 to 18.5 per cent in ficers with nurse assistance, the admission (and straining of hospital resources), with the 2014. More community members received rate increased to 72 per cent of all incidents ancillary benefit of officers released to attend mental health assistance in their own homes, in 2014, up from 62 per cent in 2013. That to other policing needs. while less officer time was spent in transport meant more people needing enhanced men- and waiting at the hospital. tal health assistance received it and fewer Nurse Assistance In comparison, officers were 2.5 times persons in crisis were taken to hospital SCT nurses attended 699 incidents in more likely to apprehend a person in crisis as when they did not require an admission. 2014, an 82 per cent increase from 2013. The they would when the nurse was in attendance. WRPS divisional administrative staff overall frequency of attendance at MHA related This statistic shows the advantage to having sergeants now review all MHA related incidents went from 13.5 per cent in 2013 to 20 professional psychiatric assistance directly incidents daily to ensure SCT nurse at- per cent in 2014 impressive when you factor in the field. Officer apprehension rate has tendance was considered, and to encour- the overall increase of incidents (606 more in dropped from the 53 per cent average before age increased use of the program for their 2014). The eventual goal is to have nurses at- the program began but remains an area to officers.

FEBRUARY 2016 8 BLUE LINE MAGAZINE SCT Nurse Relief SCT nurses relieved officers from inci- dents involving people in mental health crisis 394 times (out of 512 incidents attended) for the period of May-December 2014. This is a 75 per cent relief rate, translating into several hundred hours of saved police time. Results for 2015 to the end of October: • Apprehension rate is 40 per cent overall, 33 per cent for non-suicide attempt mental health incidents. • SCT nurses have attended 842 incidents 28 per cent of all mental health incidents (a 20 per cent increase over all of 2014). • In calls for service where a SCT nurse participated, the admission rate for those apprehended is more than 77 per cent. • The overall emergency department wait time for apprehended persons has dropped to a year to date average of 75 minutes, down from more than 120 minutes before the program began. There are other models of mental health response in use across Canada. Waterloo Re- gion chose the SCT nurse program because it involved enhanced mental health response education for all front-line members and a civilian specialized response to those in crisis, while leveraging the LHIN’s investment in mental health response. It also provided the ca- pacity needed to serve a large geographic area. Results over the first 33 months of the program show that, while there are still areas for improvement, nurses are attending more incidents, resulting in better crisis care in the field and fewer (by frequency) persons being apprehended and taken to local hospitals for enhanced care. This is a strong example of an effective partnership among agencies for the betterment of those experiencing mental health crisis.

Contact the author at [email protected] or 519-650-8531 for more information about the SCT nurse program.

BLUE LINE MAGAZINE 9 FEBRUARY 2016 Unique agency keeps Alberta communities resilient

by Patrick Mears With a budget of $69 million, the branch has just under 700 officers, managers and The Alberta Sheriffs Branch occupies support staff. a unique position in Canadian law enforce- The Court Security and Prisoner Trans- ment. Everyday, members keep communities port (CSPTS) section is the branch’s largest safe and resilient by performing a wide and service, with main hubs in Calgary and Ed- complex range of duties. monton. CSPTS sheriffs clocked up hundreds Employed directly by the Alberta Min- of thousands of miles last year ferrying some istry of Justice and Solicitor General, duties 5,000 inmates and offenders between Alberta include transporting offenders between cor- courts and correctional facilities. rectional facilities and courts, court house The service also performs out-of-prov- security, provincial highway traffic enforce- ince escorts to and from Alberta. In 2012, it ment and providing security for the premier helped transport an arrested person, who was and other cabinet ministers. subsequently sentenced to life for the Univer- Members also conduct covert surveil- sity of Alberta Hub Mall killings, from B.C. lance, tackle drug houses and help protect to Alberta. Further, it assisted provincial and ings. The Technical Security Unit (TSU) the province’s critical infrastructure. It’s an municipal police agencies with public order provides specialized security consultation eclectic mix that helps the branch form strong and special events in their jurisdictions and services and co-ordinates and installs secu- relationships with its partners, enabling it to collected DNA samples under court order. rity alarms, cameras and locks for Alberta take a seat at the top table of Alberta’s law CSPTS sheriffs are also strategically government ministries, and the Executive enforcement system. stationed at Alberta’s 73 courthouses to help Protection Unit (EPU) ensures the premier, “We provide world class services for prevent violent incidents and maintain order, lieutenant governor, and if required, mem- Albertans in a province that continues to allowing judges, lawyers, staff and visitors bers of cabinet and visiting dignitaries, get grow rapidly,” said Chief Sheriff Lee New- to conduct business in a safe environment. close protection. ton. “I’m very proud of the work the whole Members completed about 200,000 perimeter “With events across the world in recent branch does both on the frontline and behind security checks last year, ensuring countless times, we have become even more aware of the scenes to help provide safe communi- weapons, such as knives and guns, did not the need for security measures at govern- ties for Albertans. Officers and support staff enter the courts. ment locations,” said Sgt. Major Jean-Louis exude professionalism and dedication and are The second largest section is Operations Delisle. “Every day, often in challenging ambassadors for the Government of Alberta. and Protection Services, which performs a circumstances, dedicated sheriffs ensure The sheer variety of what we do is staggering plethora of tasks, including 24-hour secu- government business can be done in safe and and makes us a truly unique peace officer rity at the Alberta Legislature Building and secure surroundings.” program in Canada.” grounds and other key government build- The Operations and Protection Services

FEBRUARY 2016 10 BLUE LINE MAGAZINE focuses on road safety. Traffic sheriffs work such as drugs and prostitution. are heavily involved in roofs and serving tea alongside RCMP partners in 20 integrated The fourth and final section is Corpo- and coffee at restaurants across the province. traffic units, helping reduce injuries and seri- rate Security Services (CSS). Established Many also go the extra mile in other ous road collisions. Created in 2006, the traf- in 2014, this is the newest part of the or- ways for example, one traffic sheriff re- fic sheriffs fully integrated with the RCMP ganisation, and among its range of duties cently helped deliver a baby girl at the side in 2010 in what has been a very successful is managing internal and external threats to of the road. relationship; the two organizations took more employees, property and facilities. It leads “Alberta sheriffs are highly dedicated than 225,000 enforcement actions in 2015. the development of a strategic framework, professionals,” said Newton. “It is a true “The units reduce high-risk driving be- with supporting policies and processes, honour to lead them as the Chief Sheriff as havior,” said Supt. Rick Gardner, who heads to ensure a comprehensive and consistent we work with our policing partners to ensure traffic operations. level of security for ministry staff. Members Albertans can live, work and raise families “Without their presence, there would be deliver security information and training for in safe communities.” many more instances of serious injury or employees and manage complex clients who death on Alberta’s highways.” may potentially impact the ministry. A less publicly known service is pro- When sheriffs are not keeping Alberta’s Patrick Mears is a public affairs officer with the Alberta neighbourhoods safe and resilient, many Justice and Solicitor General. for further details submit vided by the Alberta Security and Strategic emails to Supt. R. Gardner at [email protected] Intelligence Support Team (ASSIST), also choose to help their communities. Sheriffs under the Operations and Protection Services umbrella. It is a key source of intelligence re- garding threats to the Alberta government and the province’s critical infrastructure. Thanks to its work crucial information flows between law enforcement, national security agencies and the private sector. ASSIST works closely with the Energy Security Unit (ESU), which provides security services to energy sector regulators. The Sheriffs Operational Communica- tions Centre (SOCC) is a vital component of the branch. It provides provincial radio communications and dispatch for sheriffs, organizes prisoner transport, monitors nu- merous CCTV and alarm systems at multiple government sites and is the branch’s central CPIC hub. Sheriffs in the third major section, In- vestigative Support Services, are seconded and integrated with policing partners in the Alberta Law Enforcement Response Teams (ALERT) model. Members help Alberta best use resources in the fight against an increasingly sophisti- cated criminal network, which often cross borders of law enforcement jurisdictions. They work in the Sheriffs Investigative Sup- port Unit (SISU) to provide investigative surveillance support to police agencies for major and organized crime investigations within Alberta. They also work in the Safer Communities and Neighbourhoods Unit (SCAN) perform- ing investigations under the SCAN Act, targeting properties used for illegal activities

BLUE LINE MAGAZINE 11 FEBRUARY 2016 by Jean Turner

Serving With Pride (SWP) is a not-for- profit LGBTQ network that aims to build bridges with the public, promote positive relationships between LGBTQ members and their respective police organizations and break down systemic barriers and stereotyping. “The fact is, while many police agencies have made many positive steps towards equal- ity, including developing their own internal LGBTQ peer support networks, there are still police officers or employees who don’t feel comfortable being “out” at work,” says SWP President, Hamilton Police Service Cst. Brian Mitchell. The newly formed Serving with Pride executive has a mandate to serve LGBTQ police and criminal justice professionals in Ontario. Shown at their SWP provides a confidential, safe net- inaugural formation meeting last fall are L/R Front: Heath Miller, Rev. John Mastandrea,Danielle Bottineau, Dena Peden, Paula Prosavich. L/R work of peers who understand the systemic barriers and stereotyping unique to the police officer. They bring diverse experience, sharing Regional Police D/Cst. Dena Peden. environment, without being tied to any one best practices and lessons learned from their “Law enforcement and criminal justice police service. respective agencies. students bring a valuable perspective that is SWP Director Cst. Danielle Bottineau has For those officers and employees that are beneficial to achieving the goals of SWP. Their an extensive background in diversity issues already “out” and comfortable at work, the input and participation is encouraged not only working as the LGBTQ liaison officer for network offers an extensive network of peers because they have a lot to offer but also because Toronto Police Service. along with opportunities for participation at once they graduate and start working in their “While the perception might be that social and learning events. This allows them chosen career, they will bring to their workplace because this is 2016 there is not a problem, to not only advance in their own personal and an awareness that others can learn from.” overwhelmingly I hear stories and meet po- professional development but the opportunity SWP thanks the OACP Diversity Com- lice officers who spend their careers hiding to be a catalyst for continuing change. mittee for its support and providing a Best their sexuality or gender identity from their “The most significant catalyst for change Practices in Policing and LGBTQ Communi- co-workers. It is a terrible burden to keep a in someone is for them know that they are ties in Ontario resource document. This is the secret like that and one that will often lead to NOT alone and that there are others who are in first of its kind published in Canada, and SWP mental health concerns.” their corner encouraging and supporting their believes that it will serve as a model for other The network has a long history of not personal growth,” comments SWP Treasurer, jurisdictions here and abroad. only assisting members but also improving York Regional Police officer Cst Heath Miller. The guide can be viewed and downloaded the overall relationship between police and “I am so proud to be able to offer that support at www.oacp.ca the LGBTQ public they serve. through Serving with Pride.” SWP has three categories of members. Recently, a newly formed SWP executive SWP encourages active membership from Active membership is $35/year, associate is has committed to continue in that legacy and are a range of law enforcement and criminal $40/year and student is $25/year. Visit the moving forward with vigorous promotion, target- justice professionals including police, border web page at www.servingwithpride.ca for ing Ontario police and criminal justice agencies. services, transit and rail enforcement officers, definitions of each category. Currently the executive team is made up of corrections and more, especially from agen- members from Hamilton Police Service, Dur- cies outside of the Greater Toronto Area that www.facebook.com/servingwithpride@lgbtq911 ham Regional Police Service, York Regional historically have not been well represented. Police Service, Royal Canadian Mounted Po- “We have taken the step of adding a Jean Turner is a civilian member working in the Corporate lice, Toronto Police Service, Ontario Provin- “student membership” category as well.” Communications & Media Relations Unit of RCMP “O” Di- vision (Ontario). Contact: [email protected] cial Police and a municipal bylaw enforcement says SWP Director Eastern Region, Durham

FEBRUARY 2016 12 BLUE LINE MAGAZINE Ethics: The impact on leadership in policing by Dr. R. Williams Learn more about how law enforcement personnel must demonstrate a commitment You and two other officers find a paper to leadership and police ethics. Anyone who bag containing $200,000 cash. Your partners assumes a leadership role must practice moral take the money to the property room. You values and utilize theories and practices of read in the paper that $50,000 was recovered. leadership and ethics. What are your alternatives? What would you This practice will help individuals to better do? Why? understand themselves, strengthen their leader- Criminal justice and other public sector ship capabilities, influence others appropriately, organizations set policies and procedures and do the right thing at the right time. with the goal of fulfilling the mission of the However, the challenging question is: organization, while serving and protecting the What is the right thing when we face police public. One of the critical parts is employing deviance, such as brutality, abuse of authority, people that are trustworthy and committed, yet sexual misconduct, theft, alcohol/drug abuse we can never know an individual’s complete and deliberate inefficiency? past; the troubles they have had, their state of Join us for open discussions, scenarios and mind and the values and morals which guide self-discovery exercises April 26. their decision-making process. The daily pressures and demands imposed on criminal justice professionals may cause Dr. Ruthie G. Williams serves as interim faculty individuals to make choices that may conflict ment such as, “I have to do questionable ac- lecturer and adjunct professor in criminal with leadership within the organization and tions to achieve my objectives” (Stanwick & justice, ethics and multicultural studies. She ethical standards and expectations that have Stanwick, 2009, p. 26) is perhaps common. has a Bachelor of Science degree in Criminal been set by the governing body. Sometimes Ethics is about behaviour and police con- Justice, Masters of Science degree and Ph.D individuals may want to do the right thing, duct determines the public’s perception of law in Human Services from Capella University, but will rationalize ill behaviour for personal enforcement. Ethical leadership is every police Minneapolis. Also worked in juvenile justice. benefit or simple gratification. A sample state- officer’s responsibility.

BLUE LINE MAGAZINE 13 FEBRUARY 2016 by Chris Lewis terabytes of disclosure are prepared under through organized crime groups that know no very tight timelines. borders; child exploitation and Internet bully- Municipalities, provinces and states across The CSI world we live in also requires ing; and radicalization and terrorist attacks in North America have grown increasingly con- police to examine crime scenes in ways unim- western societies are all resource intensive and cerned about rising policing costs. Facing little agined decades ago, locating and processing costly to address, to say the least. to no increase in local tax revenues, they have digital information in storage devices like Salaries encompass the vast majority of often gone from a “do more with less” model tablets, phones and computers. Search war- most police budgets. In days gone by many to a “do everything with nothing” reality. rant and production order processes are very agencies didn’t have rigorous staffing method- Increasing salaries and rising costs for complex. Cases that would have been staffed ologies, just established complements that had technology, vehicles and fuel have caused by only a handful of members years ago now existed for many years, combined with shift police and political leaders to closely examine often require hundreds of officers. rosters that had consistent staff numbers work- how to get the best bang for their dwindling Falling crime rates don’t happen by wav- ing regardless of the day or time of the week. dollar through a variety of service delivery ing a magic wand but through an increased Sound minds know that this cannot continue model options. focus on prevention programs, which take and much work is underway at many levels to Most police chiefs and boards have wres- time, people and funding. It is hugely cheaper make significant change, however it is most of- tled with this dilemma for at least 10 years, to prevent crimes than it is to respond, investi- ten a very difficult collective bargaining issue. meeting to share ideas and best practices gate, prosecute and incarcerate, but the more Technological solutions also come with and consulting with academics and policing important benefit is the reduction in victimiza- costs. Predictive policing (also known as experts across jurisdictions to search for valid tion. Preventing vulnerable people from being intelligence-based or data-driven policing); solutions. It has been a difficult process at a exploited, harmed or robbed is always the goal. impact shift scheduling and the related staffing time when reported crime has actually dropped Current prevention models including requirements; focusing patrols and enforce- in a number of categories. crime abatement strategies and the “com- ment efforts to have the maximum benefit, The falling crime rate argument is a bit munity mobilization” concept which brings all are recent enhancements to what used to of a misnomer. Crime is much more complex police, various social service agencies, be largely “best guess policing.” Having the to investigate now than it was 30 years ago. educators and community groups together to right people in the right places and doing the In 2016, police don’t only have to prove mitigate societal conditions that lead to crime right things to optimize policing energy are who committed the crime but also show are having significant impacts. That work can’t modern day musts. that every other person in the free world be stopped on a dime however, or crime rates Police need to stop doing some things didn’t do it. Every interview is recorded will grow rather than diminish. they once did with pride. “No call to small” and transcribed and when charges are laid, New and demanding crimes cyber-crime used to work wonderfully but sadly is now an

FEBRUARY 2016 14 BLUE LINE MAGAZINE unaffordable luxury. Citizen self-reporting of more minor incidents through the Internet, with telephone follow-up by police personnel, is quickly becoming the norm, as it should be. Civilianization was not the panacea some experts claimed it would be. Police leaders need to have the best people in each role, and yes, some duties are best carried out by experts who are not cops, but the salary differential is not significant. There was a time when only 10 per cent of police employees were civilians, as we then trained cops to do things others could handle. Thankfully that has changed to 25 to 30 per cent civilian staff in most cases. Civilian accountants, lab techs, IT person- nel, administrators and communication centre staff are vital parts of the overall policing team. Bear in mind that they are most often locked into those areas of expertise for an entire career while watching their officer colleagues move around between different assignments and promotional opportunities. Most importantly, police services still need a critical mass of armed officers to provide patrols and respond to a multitude of calls. Even in a large force, it is virtually impos- sible to send armed officers to some calls and unarmed officers to others, as some suggest. Many police services and OPP detachments only have a handful of staff working at any given time. The generalist constable has to be ready to respond to a variety of events, and yes, the reality is that some of them may really not require a fully trained and armed police of- ficer, but then again they might, and the next call probably will. Police officers are well paid, as they should be. We want the best of the best doing this work, not those that will simply fill a uniform and carry a gun at any price. Ontario’s police officers are all within a very tight salary range. Those salaries are challenging to control as as- sociations try to leap-frog over recently signed contracts from other agencies. Police and community leaders need to con- tinue to lead change before it leads them. The few that don’t want to should change careers. Police associations must accept that there is no new money out there and times are tough for everyone. Raises may not be as forthcoming as they would like. Shift schedules need to be based on the needs of the community, not the individual officer. At the same time, the public needs to know that much is being done to keep costs under control while still preventing crime and keeping people and their property safe. None of this is easy and it cannot all hap- pen at the flip of a switch. Laying off police officers and auctioning off police cars isn’t the answer.

Commissioner (Ret.) Chris Lewis was a member of the OPP for 36 years, serving across Ontario in a variety of operational and command roles. He continues to consult, write and lecture on policing and leadership issues. He can be reached at: www.lighthouseleadershipservices.com.

BLUE LINE MAGAZINE 15 FEBRUARY 2016 New challenge for service member

by Kevin Masterman Fast forward to a few months ago and Chief Mark Saunders was thrilled to see An- Andrew Stewart fulfilled a life ambition drew follow through and apply to join. in November when he began working with “He has the potential to be a great member the Toronto Police Service Parking Enforce- of our team and I have no doubt that Andrew ment Unit, an achievement made all the more will be giving every task 110 per cent,” Saun- impressive by the many challenges he has ders said. overcome in his young life. Stewart’s mother Jan said her son has “I don’t want to be the best disabled had a great reception by members in person employee, I want to be the best employee,” and on his social media accounts (Twitter: said the 28-year-old, who has pervasive devel- @andrewstwt). opmental delay caused by autism, obsessive “He’s had nothing but positive interactions compulsive disorder, Tourette Syndrome, with the police” she says, noting that he has attention deficit disorder and a significant also had a lot of acceptance by most people learning disability. he meets. Stewart was hired as a temporary clerk “He’s really a joy to most people. They and assigned to Parking Enforcement West. understand he’s disabled, he doesn’t hide it “I’ve always wanted to work for the police. and I think that sends a positive message.” As I got older I realized I’m not going to be an Stewart said he enjoys being an advocate officer but I can help in some way,” he said. Andrew as he appeared in the 2002 National and educating others about his disabilities. “I His story of overcoming the challenges Film Board Documentary OCD: The War Inside. want to get rid of the stigma,” he said. was featured as part of the National Film Board “I was always taught you don’t hide from documentary, OCD: The War Inside. Stewart it, you shout about it.” talks in the film about his struggle to cope with It’s also not his first job. He worked for Stewart is also passionate about the To- his OCD, which left him feeling compelled many years as a Loblaws cashier and was often ronto Blue Jays, noting they were a calming to perform rituals such as touching a wall or stopped on the street by his customers. influence, allowing him to focus on watching flicking lights on and off. “People will often stop me and say you’re batting practices and games without being He has handled his diagnoses through the best cashier’ and I have no idea who they overcome by his OCD symptoms. medication, therapy and the support of his are,” said Stewart, noting he was on a flight He’s quick to give a hug — “people say I’m father David, mother Jan and sister Ainsley. to New York City in one of those instances. overly friendly” — but very much respects peo- Because of his disorder, Stewart some- “I don’t let my disability affect my job. I’m ple’s boundaries if they don’t want the attention. times has trouble speaking and readily admits dedicated and professional.” He’s also very excited to join the To- he is anxious and impulsive at times, and often His road to working with the parking ronto Police Service, saying “it’s a dream has trouble picking up on social cues, such as unit began after meeting Chief Bill Blair four come true.” when people use sarcasm. years ago. His father had asked if the chief “I don’t always get things right away. If would take some time out to meet Andrew, who often reached out to police officers over Reprinted courtesy of the Toronto Police Service. you explain it again and give me a chance, I Contact Torontopolice.ca. can do it.” social media.

FEBRUARY 2016 16 BLUE LINE MAGAZINE THE TIME IS RIGHT Professionalizing police by Geoff Gruson On the bright side, competency-based Today, policing/security in Canada is national curriculum is recognized by all acad- neither recognized nor managed as a “profes- The Police Sector Council (PSC) a national emies as the future of learning, to be developed sion.” There is no self-regulating body that sets not-for-profit looking at occupational standards through dedicated and integrated effort of and enforces standards for entry into the sector. and training standards for policing, began trainers and curriculum designers. Some parts are regulated by provincial bodies, looking at the issue of “professionalization” “We fully believe in a national standard,” with varying standards and enforcement of of policing from the perspective of common said one academy head. “It is very important them across the country. training standards and qualification standards in that police services across the country are This presentation looks back at the history 2006. This question was of real interest to police consistent in training and practice.” and evolution of policing and security in various and security managers and had been posed by The academies are willing to collaborate, societies and at various times, and provides a numerous police chiefs, HR heads and board and there is more opportunity for competency- focus on what has changed in today’s policing members across Canada. based integrated curriculum development. Most and security environment that would suggest The PSC worked with the heads of the 14 academies (8 of 13) are assessing the national the time is right for professionalization: provincial and national academies across the competency-based management framework • Police and security employees work in a country, including the military police, to do a (CBMF) to develop or refine their curriculum, sector with certified professions as critical comparative study on training. A primary line of some are re-designing curriculum based on partners medical, legal, social services and the investigation looked at the curriculum and national competencies, and a few are also education professionals in most day-to-day processes of the academies, how 151 constable incorporating the investigator and leadership activities and operations. tasks were being trained, to what level of profi- competencies in their curriculum design work. •  The need to manage the dynamics partner- ciency recruits were being graduated and which So, what does it take to be a recognized ships: the social, political, and economic competencies were being instilled. The results profession? partners important to policing/security. showed that every academy was developing its A professional is recognized as somebody • Occupational standards are in-place and own curricula, learning objectives and training with unique knowledge, education and training, can benefit workforce management, career standards; there was surprising little in common often gained through years of rigorous study. management and labour mobility. even in firearms training. Through membership in a professional self- • Economic efficiencies can be realized from How could academies training police “pro- regulating body the professional ascribes to a national training standards and standardized fessionals” not ensure they had all met some strict code of conduct that includes ethical and curriculum. national qualification standard and curriculum? moral obligations. They are a step above skilled • There is increasing need for “defensibility” National occupation standards were trades and crafts in learning and competencies. of policing actions in a court of law. developed and numerous meetings and work- Interestingly, in a recent survey of young • The service environment is dynamic; there shops were held with academy heads. There people’s attitudes towards a career in policing, is a need for auditing/evaluating curriculum were studies on common use of force training many respondents aligned with this response and changing learning products and services and skills perishability. Curriculum-mapping “it is a blue-collar job, and my parents don’t to meet changing work demands. software to support curricula re-design was want me to make a career in the trades” • There is an increasing demand for the con- developed and tested. Professionals are clearly recognizable tribution professional police should and can After all that money and years of hard work, in our daily lives: doctors, lawyers, nurses, make to the social policies being developed results show... academies still, for the most part, engineers. To work in a specific jurisdiction, by the education, health and social services develop training independently. There contin- most professions require a statement of profes- professions. ues to be little congruence in training models, sional standing a certification from a licensing The work of policing continues to change considerable variance in training time and meth- authority or government department that veri- dramatically police and security organiza- ods and significant differences in the outputs/ fies or authorizes that an individual has been tions have the primary role in the safety and outcomes of the training resources expended. accredited according to rigorous qualification security of Canadian communities, and in The latent efficiencies and effectiveness of standards and is in good standing, never sus- their long term economic sustainability based common training standards remains elusive. pended, cancelled or revoked. Most of these on crime reduction and community safety So, the answer to the “professionalization” individuals have a diploma or degree from a strategies. Increasingly police personnel are question seems to be “although we certainly college or university signed by an appropriate being asked to not only act like profession- have grounds to regard ourselves as profes- official from a central governing authority. als but be professionals. The time is right to sionals,’ there are critical elements missing so, Even some of the traditionally “blue collar” make that so! not yet, but we are getting close”, but without work can be attributed to professionals. In Sin- provincial/national direction to implement gapore, the licensing & regulatory department The Police Sector Council (PSC) is a national initiative national training standards and transform to conducts an annual grading exercise of all law to identify common human resource challenges and find common training processes and practices, enforcement institutions. Singapore police use innovative solutions to human resource issues in policing. and without clear direction to integrate their this data to address service quality, motivate Geoff Gruson is the national co-ordinator and will be training curriculum, academies remain, for the policing/security to improve operational ca- presenting at the 2016 Blue Line Conference. Visit www. most part, insular. pability and to elevate operational standards. blueline.ca click on EXPO to register.

BLUE LINE MAGAZINE 17 FEBRUARY 2016 Truth, Reconciliation and the RCMP by Ian Parsons chance of disclosure was remote. a corner,” so to speak, and strove to establish In reflection, it is understandable how more integrated policing to native people. I was reared in an RCMP home, served for this could have occurred. The RCMP in my However, again in reflection, I do not believe 33 years and now view the Force through the era never considered an Indian reserve as a our efforts truly bridged the gap of alienation eyes of my step-son, a serving member. All community to become involved in. Reserves established by years of impersonal and inef- told, my perspective encompasses 75 years. were poverty-stricken and a constant source of fective policing. As I reflect, a most vexing question comes strife and social discord, often garnering the It would be instructive to learn how to the fore. How is it possible that untold in- unwelcome attention of RCMP enforcement. the torrent of current disclosures initially cidents of physical and sexual abuse were oc- Most assuredly some, if not much, of the occurred. Were they originally received by curring in aboriginal communities in all parts anti-social activity was acted out by individu- detachments, or was it an enquiry that opened of Canada for generations under the watchful als whose egos and self-respect were severely the Pandora’s Box of scandalous behaviour eyes of RCMP members and no disclosures damaged by childhood sex abuse experiences. by church officials and persons in authority? were forthcoming? Was there awareness? Was Many victims became dysfunctional parents The reason for the question is this: Have the power and mystique of organized religion themselves. Often First Peoples were looked relations between the RCMP and native com- such that members were intimidated? down upon without empathy, usually from munities so improved that similar disclosures I would prefer to think serving members a lofty paternal perspective, frequently with of sexual offences will now be brought to were unaware of assaults because they were distaste. the attention of officers? If the answer is no, isolated from the venues where they took place Contact between members and native the community does not have that level of — yet some members were sufficiently em- citizens were fraught with mutual anger and comfort with police, things must change. It bedded in the fibre of the citizenry to become discomfort. For years, the enforcement of very is too late simply to “talk the talk” when it aware of sexual offences in communities and prejudicial and unpopular liquor laws under comes to offering a police service to aborigi- religious groups. They intervened and took the Indian Act was a source of friction; they nal communities. appropriate action. were eventually repealed. The stigma of discomfort on the part of What was the difference? Why were There was no intimacy or personal RCMP members who must serve Aborigi- wrongs perpetrated against native people in relationship between citizens and police. nal People has to be eradicated, either by epidemic proportions without the knowledge Consequently the possibility of a disclosure indoctrinating members or moving them of police? of an embarrassing sexual nature to a police out if they are not willing to completely I hold myself culpable along with my officer was remote. With the exception of the integrate into the community. Implementing peers. I was a young constable in two large North, our policing coverage, almost always structural change that provide incentives and western Canadian First Nation reserves with enforcement-oriented, was from the arm’s tangible support would encourage members residential schools for extended periods. Hei- length of a detachment in the nearest non- to become involved. nous offences were being committed against Indian community. The very fact that these horrendous cir- native youth and we were unaware. In my case, Some efforts have been made at the same cumstances had been perpetrated for so long we had such minimal personal contact with time to alleviate the dynamics just described. and in so many locations with no police inter- residential schools and native families that the In the latter half of my own career, I “turned vention is prima facie that some very serious

FEBRUARY 2016 18 BLUE LINE MAGAZINE come of such a process may alter the direction of everything, from training to the policies and structure of the RCMP. When RCMP Commissioner Bob Paul- son recently acknowledged to the Assembly of First Nations that there are racists in his police force and he did not want them, it demonstrated to native leaders he would not defend that kind of attitude from his people. It was obvious by their reaction that Paulson had established credibility through his open and non-defensive response. This could mark the dawn of a new era of co-operation between police and people they have interacted with for generations. There are members currently serving at all levels who would assist in doing what is necessary. They only require inspiration and impetus from the top. I fervently hope this is the moment when the RCMP leads all police forces by example to live up to the words Chief Crowfoot uttered so many years ago. Be prepared, however, for resistance and truculence. In the brief period since Pauktuutit Inuit Women of Canada Paulson’s appearance, criticism of his can- did response have surfaced. Fundamental deficits were in play for many, many years. tion between minority citizens and police will change in an organization has never occurred Sadly the comment from Chief Crowfoot enhance the effectiveness of policing through- easily, and these kinds of initiatives will observing that the Mounted Police, “protected out this multicultural tapestry called Canada. evoke resistance. the Indian as the feathers protect the birds from In reality, the only way this could be the frosts of winter” was only a myth. The possible on a practical level is for Aboriginal Force, for whatever reason, was anything but People to be real participants in conceptual- Ian T. Parsons is a retired RCMP inspector living in proactive in this tragic unfolding of horror. izing, planning, structuring and implementing Courtenay, BC. Contact: [email protected] The force must be prepared to explain how approaches to meaningful policing. The out- it remained apart and unaware of this huge problem. More importantly, it must demon- strate what has been done to ensure lines of communication between RCMP members and First Peoples has been sufficiently enhanced to allow immediate disclosure of facts to police investigators so that they can be proactive. This can be a “watershed” moment for the offering of a policing service to Aborigi- nal Peoples in Canada. For the past decades there have been moments of encouragement, however interest has had a tendency to ebb and flow, depending on budgeting, priorities and interests of senior RCMP managers. I had the good fortune to serve during a decade where motivation to make serious impactful changes demonstrated a transition toward empathic, community-based policing on reserves. Then for reasons unknown, much of the thrust in training and emphasis appears to have lost momentum. By way of example, just with the change of the training officer at the RCMP Academy, much of the cross cultural training curriculum disappeared from the syllabus. I am not aware of the priority it presently receives, but cross cultural training must receive the commissioner’s personal attention, and be reinforced at the operational level by managers and supervisors. Optics is everything to the success of Aboriginal policing. First Peoples must feel that we have their best interests at heart; so much so that they are comfortable approach- ing members if and when aberrant behaviour is occurring. The formulae to open lines of communica-

BLUE LINE MAGAZINE 19 FEBRUARY 2016 DEEP BLUE by Dorothy Cotton Bright note to combat February blahs

I hate February. It is my least favourite month. By now, I have usually had quite enough of cold weather, short days, cold weather, snow ... did I mention cold weather? People get depressed in the winter. It has something to do with the lack of sunlight. It oc- curred to me that my column also is often about gloomy subjects mental health perils, lack of faith in police, crime, violence, victimization. Not fun stuff. Phooey to that, I say. I think I will talk about something cheery. Music. You might not think this has much to do with policing, but just wait... I recently was in Vancouver and heard a concert by the Vancouver Men’s Chorus. This is a group of about 100 men of every conceiv- the period of a couple of weeks (which means Mostly, this concert reminded me that able age and ethnicity. Just about all of them that the concerts overlap with the church’s usual things change, things have to change and that are gay; the chorus advertises itself as being for Sunday services), this church has let the choir I (and everyone else) needs to beware that “be- “gay men and their friends.” Musically, they leave its stage set up for the duration. cause we have always done it this way” is not are quite good, which is a little surprising for They don’t have to dismantle and put eve- a reason to do it that way forever. If this choir a choir that is really pretty well open to anyone rything away after each concert. This means put on the same kind of concert everyone else who wants to join. You do not appear to have that presumably the church people are having does, they would no doubt be suffering finan- to be a virtuoso. The concert was terrific, some services in and around the risers with their usual cially the way other arts groups are. Somehow serious numbers, others very funny and all very church-type props (altars and stuff) redecorated they were able to put a twist on things that has well done. I was impressed. and moved. As I said, I have played in many made them enormously popular. There were a whole lot of other things that churches but never one where they let you leave Change is so hard for most people. We go impressed me at least as much as the music. your stuff or move their stuff, especially over a to workshops and lectures on change; we have As many of you know, I am a member of Sunday. These church folks clearly have a bit committees and task forces to oversee change. the no-longer-a-spring-chicken group. As I of a different way of looking at things. The difficulty may be partly because along looked at this choir, I noted that there were a The other notable thing about this choir is with change comes the inevitable admission number of members who were at least as old that it seems to sell out most of its concerts and that we got something wrong. That will always as me. If they are THAT old, then I know that does not seem to be in financial trouble. This be the case. as gay men, they have not always had an easy is really quite unique among arts and musical I sometimes wonder how things will road. They still may have a tough time in some groups, most of which are chronically on the change in the next few decades. I will eat my quarters, but what a long way we have come edge of financial disaster (many have folded hat if there are not things we are currently in this regard! altogether in recent years). doing that seem like the right thing to do now When this choir began 35 years ago, it must What does this have to do with policing? but which will seem, in a few years, clearly have been a sort of safe haven for these guys. It For starters, it reminds us that we have wrong headed. In my field, clinical psychology, must also have taken a huge amount of courage stopped doing some of the things we used to I can look back at some practices which were for the initial members to be publicly identified do, like criminalize and arrest certain kinds commonplace a decade or two ago and seemed in fact, to actively advertise themselves as gay. of people. Police were not always the best like a good idea but we have since learned they I also noted a variety of men from ethnic friends of the gay community, for example, so don’t work or may even be harmful. groups not noted for their tolerance of ho- this change is good. If you sometimes feel like I am quite certain there are practices in mosexuality. Yet there they are, names in the society is not moving forward, you might go to policing that are similarly well intended, but program, faces smiling, right out there in the one of these concerts. It really made me feel like not right. The trick is identifying them. Once open. Again, one is struck by change. SOME things in the world have gotten better. we do, the challenge is for someone to have There were some very good soloists. In It also reminded me of what a multicultural the fortitude to initiate the change. One can fact, some of them sang solos. Other people country we are, not that we really need any only imagine what the response was 35 years were not soloists, but somehow, when you reminders of that. Choirs like this used to be ago when a small group of gay men said “Let’s put them all together, it sounded great even if pretty well for the WASPy types among us. start a choir.” each person individually might not have been That was clearly not the case with the VMC. I started out by saying this was going to a great singer. It also reminded me that often, the whole be a cheerful column. The good news is that The concert I went to was one of a series is greater than the sum of the parts. While not change happens (no matter how much we re- being held in a church the kind of church, everyone in the choir has a spectacular voice, sist), and people do persevere and even thrive that years ago would have condemned people as long as everyone did their part, the overall in difficult circumstances. We are better as a for being gay. Some of the choir sponsors are sound was incredible. Police work is like that society than we used to be. We are not perfect mainstream organizations like major banks. sometimes. Not everyone is a star, and there is yet, but we are better. This makes me cheerful. You would not have seen that a few years back. actually limited room for stars, but as long as (Next time you need cheering up, go to I have played in a number of musical everyone does their part a concert: www.vancouvermenschorus.ca) groups that use churches as their venue, as As for the church, who said there has to be churches often have pretty good acoustics. an altar right in the middle, looking the same Dr. Dorothy Cotton is Blue Line’s psychology One of the things pointed out to me was that way it looks every Sunday? A little flexibility columnist, she can be reached at deepblue@ although the choir’s concerts take place over goes a long way. blueline.ca

FEBRUARY 2016 20 BLUE LINE MAGAZINE CHARLIE IS ON THE JOB Labrador gets first police dog unit by Danette Dooley Another challenge has been building an outside enclosure for his dog, which isn’t easy The RCMP in Newfoundland and Labrador to do in minus-26 degree weather, he said. has established a K-9 unit for Labrador and wel- “Charlie has his own kennel and a dog comed Cpl. Jason Muzzerall and his four-legged house and I’m setting something up tempo- partner Charlie to the “Big Land” in December. rarily to get us through the winter until we Muzzerall is from Northern New Brun- can get plans and a proper kennel in place swick. He has been with the RCMP for over a next spring.” decade and has policed in Northern Manitoba and the Northwest Territories. Involving the community He has been a dog handler for the past Muzzerall is looking to involve the com- four years and looked forward to coming to munity to meet Charlie’s needs. He’s optimis- Happy Valley-Goose Bay, Labrador to set up tic some high school students or members of a the force’s new dog section. local service club will be interested in helping “The move to the East Coast gets me a build an enclosure. bit closer to home but the big thing for me is Involving the community in a similar that there has never been a dog section here in partnership worked well during his posting in Labrador before,” Muzzerall said. Manitoba, he said. Charlie is Muzzerall’s fifth police dog. Muzzerall said becoming a dog handler is He’s had the five-year-old pure bred German not only a career but also a lifestyle. Shepherd since he was a puppy. “We live with our dogs, we travel with our “I raised him since he was a seven-week- dogs they are there on your days’ off, they are old little ball of fur. We went through training ings will make the adjustment a little easier. there on your vacation. There’s the partnership together. We graduated training together took One of the biggest challenges he’s faced and there’s the work relationship but it goes our first posting to Thompson, Manitoba and thus far has been getting Charlie his dog food. deeper than that. Any dog handler... they get we’ve been working together ever since.” He’s grateful that the owner of the local pet that bond. It goes beyond your 9-5 schedule.” The RCMP only uses purebred German store has agreed to have the food brought in. Shepherds for general duty teams. The versatil- “That makes things a little easier for me,” Danette Dooley is Blue Line’s East Coast correspondent. ity, strength and courage of German Shepherds Muzzerall said. She can be reached at [email protected] make them eminently suitable for Canadian police work. Their heavy coats allow them to work under extreme climatic conditions. The force’s web site also notes that the presence of a German Shepherd seems to have an inhibitive psychological effect on potential wrongdoers. Trained to apprehend, they will invariably make a successful arrest, the web site notes, despite the fact they are trained only to hold, never to be savage. In addition to being in perfect physical condition, they must have particular personal- ity traits which make them suitable for police work: even temperament, hunting instinct and sound character are essential. Charlie is trained in many areas of police work including drug searching, tracking, criminal apprehension and evidence searching.

Newfoundland and Labrador Newfoundland and Labrador is policed by the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary (RNC) and the RCMP. The RCMP covers all island portions of the province except the Northeast Avalon and Corner Brook. In Labrador the RNC polices Labrador West (Labrador City and Wabush) and Churchill Falls and the RCMP polices all other communities. While based in Happy Valley-Goose Bay, Muzzerall and Charlie will be available to RCMP detachments throughout Labrador. “I’m based out of Goose Bay because it’s one of the bigger areas that the RCMP polices in Labrador. The plane is here so I’m portable if I have to go to any of the other areas.” While living and working in Labrador might take getting used to for many police of- ficers, Muzzerall’s past northern/isolated post-

BLUE LINE MAGAZINE 21 FEBRUARY 2016 The ethical use of force Adding a little lustre to the badge

by Al Arsenault and Toby Hinton joints, particularly in the arm, are manipulated Most and least likely to extremes using pressure across the joint(s) It is wise to know how to physically handle There has been unprecedented media of the seized appendage. the ‘most-likely’ to the ‘least-likely’ of situ- scrutiny recently of inappropriate police use Counter-pressure (via fixed objects, grav- ations. Least-likely scenarios such as knife of force. Numerous videos of police officers ity or one’s own body exertions), possibly attacks and gun-stripping drills are taught in using crude defensive tactics have elevated leading to convincing pain and/or exploitable police academies more for liability purposes anti-police sentiment to an all-time high. The movement, is needed to inhibit resistance and (read ‘risk management’) or to bolster their public is demanding more accountability. curtail assaultive behaviour. As such, control- use-of-force syllabi. To the uninformed, many legitimate and ling is vastly superior to holding. Training to effectively deal with most- conventional arrest tactics are perceived as likely forms of resistance encountered on the ‘police brutality.’ There is a need for system- Maintaining continuous control street is sorely needed. Specialized skills like atic training designed specifically for effective A person being arrested will readily sense knife-fighting can be learned as advanced and safe law enforcement. an absence, or loss, of control and possibly techniques but ‘owning’ and handcuffing an try to escape or assault an officer. The officer arrestee are more essential (and perishable) Using Judo as a foundation must gain this control early and maintain it and need considerable and constant practice. An arrest requires the physical applica- throughout contact with the arrestee. If a tion of force by a police officer, whether person can feel pain and appreciate its effects, Practical and effective cooperative or not. In the absence of safe and then the strategic application is conducive to takedowns reasonable alternative techniques, there is an compliance the brain is simply given a deal Using the escort grip places the officer in over-reliance on the use of belt gadgets and that it cannot refuse to pass up. the optimum position when making an arrest. striking techniques when a person merely Arrest drills (including handcuffing) Joint locks and takedowns should be taught resists arrest. need to be practiced regularly; built-in stress from this position of control to counter the Judo is a martial art that excels in taking inoculation reinforces the principles behind most-likely types of resistance to be met. people to the ground and this foundational continuous control, professional communica- Such techniques give the option of apply- skill is invaluable in the arrest process. In- tion and teamwork. ing pain in order to limit resistance, direct deed, the use of grappling techniques lead to movement or even injure or break a joint if less-violent scenarios. Judo develops a strong Linkage of techniques necessary. All use of force must be reason- base with good balance while destroying the If techniques are taught in unrelated ‘silo’ able under the circumstances officers should same strengths of the opponent. Stripped of form, officers will not see how one can morph be able to clearly justify and articulate their all semblances of sport, the remaining tech- into another during a struggle. Also, the officer actions in writing. niques are worth learning as they link very may want to change from one control lock to well with other arrest and control tactics, another to change relative body positioning, Ethical use of force many which offer the requisite control needed strengthen degree of control or move the ar- Any applied force should be reasonable; for handcuffing. restee around. it must be necessary and used in a justifiable It takes a concerted training effort to feel and ethical manner. It is easy to think ethically Controlling vs. holding how these control tactics can change with the when you are in control over an arrestee, hence The classic physical ‘collaring’ of a crimi- dynamic and shifting situations encountered the value of effectively gaining and maintaining nal constitutes mere ‘holding’ of an arrestee. on the street. The shift from control locks to physical control. Police trainees must be taught ‘Controlling’. on the other hand, involves takedowns and throws, all leading to handcuff- not just to look after each other on the mat but to some degree of pain or discomfort because ing, is an important skill set to learn. extend this (Judo) philosophy of ‘mutual benefit

FEBRUARY 2016 22 BLUE LINE MAGAZINE and welfare’ to those who would try to escape of many martial arts schools, police officers criminology, police sciences or law enforce- from them or who would do bodily harm to the are expected to use their skills in accordance ment, very few have an on-going physical officer or public. with the Criminal Code of Canada, not rules of training component. We are not adequately Many who fight with the police do not sport. There is no such thing as a ‘fair fight’ on preparing the younger generation for the real- know how to do so effectively, are mentally the street. The courts sanction law enforcement ity of the world in which they will be working. ill, on drugs, inebriated or temporarily unstable officers to win sans any artificial encumbrances The allocated 80 hours of hands-on train- due to personal problems. Officers should be like the Marquess of Queensberry rules. ing at the police academy is not nearly enough taught to treat a suspect as if they were a family Sports-based techniques successfully prac- time to develop skills and proficiencies in member and not apply force based on their own ticed in the sterile confines of the training hall use-of-force techniques. By starting realistic agitated emotional state; force should be applied can get an officer injured or killed on the street. training early, students can attain hundreds of calmly and with a degree of compassion. Police should be taught to (gently) bite, eye hours of relevant preparation before they even gouge, pull hair and engage in other nasty ‘dirty’ enter a police academy. Reality-based training fighting techniques. The ghosts of our students Ideal use-of-force training should be It takes a certain amount of experience should not come back to haunt us because we did recreational, functional and able to be prac- to determine how much force should be used not teach them about the ugly realities, treachery ticed at any age or skill level; it must extend in given situations and to remain relatively and vileness facing them on the street. much further than basic academy training or composed while doing so. Crude reality-based use-of-force re-certification. Officers who are scenario training puts students under stress, Recreation vs. competition well-trained can remain calm and act ethically enhancing their ability to learn. Common A recreational model is a far better way under physical stress while displaying solid sense is most uncommon when under stress, to offer training than a competitive model professional control techniques and tactics. but creative visualization training and combat because few students are actually interested Those who refuse to train, preferring to use breathing can help an officer remain unruffled in competition. Injuries can be more common angry brute force over composed finesse, will in volatile and high-stress situations. when vying for top spots. A crippling injury, add no lustre to the badge while unnecessarily It is only through practice of such realistic all for the sake of a medal, can ruin a recruit’s complicating their careers. training and actual street experience that an ambitions or sideline a street officer. We urge you all to train for the way the officer’s decision-making process is enhanced. Training under rules of sport can cause fight is and not for the way you hope it will be The difference between what is learned in the players, when under high degrees of stress, to but above all, fight the good fight! sport training gym and what’s actually encoun- inadvertently adhere to these artificial stand- tered on the street is significant. ards; the street of hard knocks can be a cruel and unforgiving teacher. Police sergeant Toby Hinton and retired police officer and Sport vs. reality certified police trainer Al Arsenault are the founders of There are no refs nor rules on the street, Start training early Police Judo (policejudo.ca). They will conduct a lecture taking violent offenders into custody is neither While there are many post-secondary and training session at the Blue Line Conference in April. Visit www.blueline.ca for more details or to register. a sport nor a game. Unlike the philosophies institutions offering diplomas and degrees in

BLUE LINE MAGAZINE 23 FEBRUARY 2016 20th Anniversary

Discover the latest products and technology in law enforcement

Training that can put you ONE STEP AHEAD Register Now! Blueline.ca/EXPO @BlueLineExpo #expo16

Blue Line Conference and EXPO APRIL 26 & 27, 2016 9AM - 4PM CONFERENCE • AWARDS GALA • TRADE SHOW

FEBRUARY 2016 24 BLUE LINE MAGAZINE Supply Service &G uide 2016

BLUE LINE MAGAZINE 25 FEBRUARY 2016 Access Control Distance Education Pens Accident Reconstruction DNA Testing Services Awards, Badges, Pins Accreditation Dog Training & Supplies Promotional Items Addiction Treatment E-Services Photography Promotional Items Agency E-Ticketing Awards, Badges, Pins, Alcohol Detection Devices Emergency Food Supply Jewellry, Pens Alarm Devices Emblems & Decals 2016 Publishers, Books, Printing Ammunition Awards, Badges, Pins Training Courses & Services Ammunition & Weapons Disposal Vehicles – Accessories Radar & Speed Equipment Armoured Vehicles EMS Software Range Supplies

uide Asset Management System Environmental Ammunition upply Asset Tracking Electric Bikes Recruitment and Selection G Associations Event Lighting and Decor Restraining Devices Audio/Video Aids Evidence Notebooks ervice Riflescopes S Training Courses & Services Memo Books Robots Automated Fingerprinting Evidence / Exhibit Storage Safety & Rescue Equipment Awards, Badges, Pins Exercise Equipment & Clothing S Hazardous Material Handling Emblems & Decals Fitness Clothing Schools & Institutions Jewellry Exhibitions & Trade Shows Defensive Tactics Training Pens Eye, Ear & Skin Protection Security – Consulting and Systems Batons Gloves Security – Penal Institutions & Batteries Hazardous Material Handling Security – Perimeter Bicycles and Supplies Fabric Manufacturer Surveillance Binoculars & Telescopes Facial Imaging and Identification Video – Mobile & Surveillance Night Vision Equipment Financial Planning / Insurance Security – Products Surveillance Firearms – Manufacturer Security – Services Biometrics Firearms – Simulation Training Security – Training Body Armour Video – Training Sirens & Emergency Lighting Bomb Disposal Weapons – Non-Lethal Vehicles – Accessories Boots, Shoes & Footwear Firearms – Training Souvenirs Footwear Firearms – Training Equipment Sporting & Hunting General Police Supply Firearms – Training Facility Surveillance Breathing Apparatus First Aid & Medical Supplies Binoculars & Telescopes Cameras Bullet Traps Flashlights CCTV, Film Cameras Fleet Graphics Security – Perimeter Security – Perimeter Control Forensic Aids & Investigations Video – Mobile & Surveillance Video – Mobile & Surveillance Investigative Support Services Switches & Control Systems Cases, Duty Bags, Storage Forensic Services & Equipment Tactical Team Equipment General Police Supply General Police Supply Body Armour CCTV, Film Gloves General Police Supply Surveillance Hazardous Material Handling Thermal Imaging Charitable & Non-Profit General Police Supply Traffic Control Cigars & Accessories GPS & Mapping Trauma Scence Cleaning Cleaning – Sanitation Gun Lockers Training Courses & Services Clothing & Outerwear Hats & Head Protection Audio/Video Aids General Police Supply Hezmat Equipment UAV & Training Uniforms & Accessories Hazmat Handling Uniforms & Accessories Collision Reporting Centres Health Care Clothing & Outerwear Communications – Base Stations Helicopters & Equipment Emblems Computer – Dispatching Holsters & Accessories General Police Supply Communications – Consultant ID Holders Holsters & Accessories Communications – Handheld Identification Vehicles – Accessories Communications – Mobile In-Car Video Fleet Graphics Communications – Radio Accessories Inert Explosive Devices Sirens & Emergency Lighting Computer – Accessories IT/ Software Vehicles – Fleet Computer – Dispatching Investigative Support Services Vehicles – Lightbars Communications-Base Stations Jewellry Vehicles – Manufacturer Computer – Forensics Awards, Badges, Pins Vehicles – Off Road Computer – Laptops Promotional Items Motorcycles & Supplies Computer – Records Mgmt K9 Vehicles – Specialty Computer – Software Key Control Vehicles – Tracking Equipment Computer – Training Labelling GPS & Mapping Computer – Hardware Legal Sergvices Video – Mobile & Surveillance Conflict Resolution License Plate Recognition Security – Perimeter Cooling Vests Lights – Portable Surveillance Conuseling Services Loading and Unloading Stations Video – Training Counterfeit & Detections/Fraud Marine – Electronics Voice Logging Systems Courtmounting, Miniatures, & Ribbon Medial Information Weapons – Accessories Crime Scene Reconstruction Memo Books Holsters & Accessories Critical Incident Stress Management Motorcycles & Supplies Weapons – Non-lethal Data Collection Vehicles – Off Road Batons Data Destruction Narcotics Equipment & Drug Tests Firearms – Simulation Training Defibrillators Forensic Services & Equipment Weapons – Security Defensive Tactics Training Needs Assesment Weapons – Training Digital Imaging Night Vision Equipment Wireless Communications Disaster Planning & Recovery Office Equipment & Supply Workforce Management CATEGORY INDEX CATEGORY

FEBRUARY 2016 26 BLUE LINE MAGAZINE & Access Control Binoculars & Telescopes Cleaning – Sanitization Commissionaires Canon Canada Inc. Acklands-Grainger G4S Canada DBC Marine Safety Systems EMebKo Enterprises Henry’s Photo & Video Accident Reconstruction Survitech Group Clothing & Outerwear

PTLights Inc. – DBC Marine Safety Systems 5.11 Tactical S Visual Planning Corporation Vortex Canada 911 Gear Body Armour Canada S Accreditation Biometrics CIMA LTCI Corporation ervice CALEA SketchCop Solutions, LLC Corporate Security Supply Ltd Ultimate 911 Dristex G

DuPont Canada Inc upply

Body Armour uide Addiction Treatment Fechheimer Brothers Body Armour Canada First Tactical Inc. Cornerstone Mediataion Bosik Technologies Ltd Homewood Health Centre Guillemot International Inc. CIMA LTCI Corporation Prefair, Imrico Ltd

DuPont Canada Inc 2016 Agency Prototype Integrated Solutions CALEA MD Charlton Co. Ltd. Schawbel Technologies LLC OMVIC OMEK International Stokes International Sigma Safety Corp. Tac Wear Inc Summit Canada Distributors Tactical Innovations Canada Alarm Devices The Mountie Shop G4S Canada Supply Sergeant ThermaCELL True Grit Outfitters Alcohol Detection Devices Bomb Disposal William Scully Ltd Draeger Safety Canada Ltd Securesearch Inc. Collision Reporting Centre Ammunition Boots, Shoes & Footwear Accident Support Services Int. Prototype Integrated Solutions 5.11 Tactical Target Sports (Shooting Edge) 911 Gear Communications – Base Stations Wolverine Supplies BioPed Travers Communications Inc First Tactical Inc. Ammunition & Weapons Disposal MD Charlton Co. Ltd. Communications – Consultant Cdn. Ammunition Disposal Serv. Original S.W.A.T Travers Communications Inc Rocky Boots Armoured Vehicles Stokes International Communications – Handheld Terradyne Armoured Vehicles SWS Group CanCom Sales Inc. ThermaCELL Honeywell Sensing & Asset Management System Wolverine Worldwide/Bates Performance Solutions MaestroVision Lenbrook Group Wasp Interactive Barcode Bullet Traps Threat4 Ltd Bosik Technologies Ltd Travers Communications Inc Meggitt Training Systems Asset Tracking Savage Range Systems Honeywell Sensing & Communications – Mobile

BlackBerry PRODUCTLISTING Performance Solutions Cameras Honeywell Sensing & Trigger Wholesale Canon Canada Inc. Performance Solutions Wasp Interactive Barcode CSI Forensics L-3 Communications Integrys Limited Mobile Innovations Association Provix Inc OtterBox CALEA TASER International Inc. Travers Communications Inc Cdn. Critical Incident Inc WatchGuard Video Int’l Police Association Communications / Radio Accessories MedicAlert Foundation Can. Cases, Duty Bags, Storage CanCom Sales Inc. Ont. Tactical Advisory Body 911 Gear Lenbrook Group Adanac Security Summit Canada Distributors Audio/Video Aids Henry’s Photo & Video Threat4 Ltd Lenbrook Group Impact Cases Inc. Travers Communications Inc Provix Inc Pelican Products ULC TASER International Inc. Polar Pin Computer – Accessories Visual Planning Corporation Prototype Integrated Solutions Datalux Direct Summit Canada Distributors Fisher Space Pen Automated Fingerprinting Supply Sergeant OtterBox 3M Canada Company SWS Group Prairie Geomatics Ltd Next Biometrics Inc. Tactical Innovations Canada True Grit Outfitters Computer – Dispatching Awards, Badges, Pins Hexagon & Safety Infrastructure CALEA Priority Dispatch Fisher Space Pen L&M Highland Computer – Forensics Northurn Ltd 3M Canada Company Polar Pin Teel Technologies Canada Stokes International Computer – Hardware Batons Datalux Direct Dummies Unlimited CCTV, Film Panasonic Canada Inc. Peacekeeper Products Canon Canada Inc. Summit Canada Distributors Provix Inc Computer – Laptops Supply Sergeant Panasonic Canada Inc. Charitables & Non-Profits Prairie Geomatics Ltd Batteries CALEA SureFire, LLC Canadian Blood Services Computer – Records / Management MedicAlert Foundation Can. Health IM Bicycles & Supplies Ont. Motor Vehicle Ind. Council MaestroVision iGO Electric Bikes MediaSolv Corp Impulse Group Inc Cigars & Accessories Panasonic Canada Inc. Volcanic Bikes Constable Cigar Co Versaterm Inc. Wasp Interactive Barcode

BLUE LINE MAGAZINE 27 FEBRUARY 2016 Computer – Software E-Services Salted Earth LLC Ahearn & Soper CPKN Target Sports (Shooting Edge) InCube Mobility Solutions Ultimate 911 Integrys Limited Firearms – Training Equipment Kustom Signals, Inc. E-ticketing Aimpoint Inc Honeywell Sensing & CAPS Inc LifeRaft Performance Solutions Dummies Unlimited Priority Dispatch InCube Mobility Solutions 2016 Fenixlight Limited Teel Technologies Canada Glock Inc VocaLinks Inc Electric Bikes Meggitt Training Systems Wasp Interactive Barcode iGO Electric Bikes Salted Earth LLC Impulse Group Inc Target Sports (Shooting Edge) uide

upply Computer – Training Emblems & Decals Firearms Training Facility G Eastern College – Lexis Nexis L&M Highland Colt Canada Stokes International ervice ProTraining Meggitt Training Systems S Teel Technologies Canada Supply Sergeant William Scully Ltd Conflict Resolution S Cornerstone Mediataion Emergency Food Supply Dalhousie University DBC Marine Safety Systems ProTraining EMS Software Cooling Vests Hexagon & Safety Infrastructure & Hamisco Industrial Sales InCube Mobility Solutions First Aid & Medical Supplies Sigma Safety Corp. My Court Calendar CTOMS Inc. Philips Medical Systems Counseling Services Environmental Prototype Integrated Solutions Cornerstone Mediataion Cdn. Ammunition Disposal Serv. Sportmeds Inc FORTLOG Services EMebKo Enterprises St. John Ambulance True Grit Outfitters Counterfeit & Detections / Fraud Event Lighting & Decor Zoll Medical Cummins Allison ULC Airstar Canada Inc. Flashlights Courtmounting, Miniatures & Ribbon Evidence Notebooks Acklands-Grainger William Scully Ltd Gray Jay Leather CIMA LTCI Corporation Triform Fenixlight Limited Crime Scene Reconstruction Visual Planning Corporation First Tactical Inc. CSI Forensics Gray Jay Leather Evidence/Exhibit Storage Mag Instrument Inc. Critical Incident Stress Management Adanac Security Pelican Products ULC FORTLOG Services Int’l Assoc for Property Summit Canada Distributors Simon Fraser University & Evidence Fleet Graphics Data Collection Exhibition & Trade Show Artcal Graphics & Screenprinting Accident Support Services Blue Line Conference and Expo ImaginArt Signs Ahearn & Soper Teel Technologies Canada Eye, Ear & Skin Protection Forensic Aids & Investigations BioPed CSI Forensics Data Destruction CanCom Sales Inc. Leica GeoSystems Absolute Data Destruction Inc Lamda Guard Securesearch Inc. CRd Distribution SRS Tactical SureFire, LLC Forensic Services & Equipment Defensive Tactics Training CSI Forensics Action Target Fabric Manufacturer DAVTECH Analytical Service Bosik Technologies Ltd Guillemot International Inc. Forensic Art by Diana Trepkov Dummies Unlimited Ocean Systems Peacekeeper Products Facial Imaging & Identification Pelican Products ULC 3M Canada Company SketchCop Solutions, LLC Defibrillators Cognitec, Inc. Teel Technologies Canada Philips Medical Systems DAVTECH Analytical Service Zoll Medical Face Forensics Inc. General Police Supply 911 Gear Disaster Planning & Recovery Financial Planning/Insurance Body Armour Canada Hexagon & Safety Infrastructure Investors Group - Collins DAVTECH Analytical Service Investors Group - Croghan EMebKo Enterprises Distance Education Investors Group - Muldoon American Military University TD Wealth - Randy Craig CPKN Firearms – Manufacturer Colt Canada Glock Inc Sig Sauer Smith & Wesson Summit Canada Distributors My Court Calendar Pride in Service FBI-LEEDA Firearms – Simulation Training Simon Fraser University CAPS Inc Ultimate 911 Glock Inc Laser Shot DNA Testing Services Meggitt Training Systems CSI Forensics Salted Earth LLC Wyndham Forensic Group Firearms – Training Dog Training & Supplies CAPS Inc Gloves Packtrack Colt Canada Summit Canada Distributors Glock Inc True Grit Outfitters PRODUCT LISTING PRODUCT

FEBRUARY 2016 28 BLUE LINE MAGAZINE & GPS / Mapping Labelling Cartovista (DBX Geomatics) Artcal Graphics & Screenprinting Hexagon & Safety Infrastructure Honeywell Sensing & Prairie Geomatics Ltd Performance Solutions

Green Technologies Legal Services S Cdn. Ammunition Disposal Serv. Williams Family Lawyers Radar & Speed Equipment S Gun Lockers License Plate Recognition CruiserCAM Inc ervice Adanac Security 3M Canada Company DAVTECH Analytical Service Integrys Limited Kustom Signals, Inc. G

PlateSmart Technologies Laser Technology Inc. upply

Hats & Head Protection uide Guillemot International Inc. MD Charlton Co. Ltd. William Scully Ltd Lights - Portable Sigma Safety Corp. Airstar Canada Inc. Hazmat Equipment Fenixlight Limited Range Supplies Pelican Products ULC Action Target 2016 DuPont Canada Inc PTLights Inc. Hamisco Industrial Sales SureFire, LLC Tactical Innovations Canada Hazmat Handling Cdn. Ammunition Disposal Serv. Loading & Unloading Stations Draeger Safety Canada Ltd Summit Canada Distributors EMebKo Enterprises Hamisco Industrial Sales Marine Electronics Kustom Signals, Inc. DBC Marine Safety Systems Health Care Survitech Group Recruitment & Selection MedicAlert Foundation Can. - DBC Marine Safety Systems Simon Fraser University Correctional Service of Can. Georgian College Medical Information John E. Reid & Associates, Inc Helicopters & Equipment MedicAlert Foundation Can. Airbus Helicopters Restraining Devices Bell Helicopter Memo Books Peerless Handcuff Co Lamda Guard 911 Gear Riflescopes Holsters & Accessories Aimpoint Inc 911 Gear C.R.A.F.M. Case-Tech Leather Inc. Korth Group Gray Jay Leather Tactical Innovations Canada OtterBox Trijicon, Inc. Summit Canada Distributors Vortex Canada SureFire, LLC Wolverine Supplies SWS Group Motorcycles & Supplies Docs Leathers & Motorcycle Gear Robots ID Holders Honda Canada Provix Inc PRODUCTLISTING Ahearn & Soper Zero Motorcycles Sigma Safety Corp. Gray Jay Leather Polar Pin Narcotics Equipment / Drug Tests Safety & Rescue Equipment DAVTECH Analytical Service Acklands-Grainger Identification Draeger Safety Canada Ltd Argus-Hazco SketchCop Solutions, LLC Code 3/Public Safety Equipment Needs Assessment CTOMS Inc. Identity Management CALEA Draeger Safety Canada Ltd 3M Canada Company Hamisco Industrial Sales Morpho Canada Night Vision Equipment Pelican Products ULC CruiserCAM Inc Prototype Integrated Solutions In-Car Video DBC Marine Safety Systems SRS Tactical 247 Security Inc. Henry’s Photo & Video Wolverine Worldwide/Bates Legaltek LX Korth Group Provix Inc Provix Inc Schools / Institutions WatchGuard Video Summit Canada Distributors American Military University Survitech Group B.C. Institute of Technology Inert Explosive Devices - DBC Marine Safety Systems CPKN Securesearch Inc. Wolverine Supplies Dalhousie University Durham College Investigative Support Services Office Equipment & Supply Eastern College Investigative Solutions Network Acklands-Grainger Georgian College Leica GeoSystems Panasonic Canada Inc. Humber College SketchCop Solutions, LLC Visual Planning Corporation John E. Reid & Associates, Inc Justice Institute of B.C. Pens Lethbridge College IT / Software Fisher Space Pen Niagara University InCube Mobility Solutions SureFire, LLC Osgoode Pro. Development MaestroVision Royal Roads University Photography Jewelry Canon Canada Inc. Fisher Space Pen Henry’s Photo & Video MedicAlert Foundation Can. Pride in Service Promotional Items Artcal Graphics & Screenprinting K9 Fisher Space Pen Body Armour Canada Pride in Service CTOMS Inc. University of Guelph EMebKo Enterprises Publishers, Books, Printing University of Guelph-Humber Carswell, Thomson Reuters Key Control Georgian College Security – Consulting & Systems Visual Planning Corporation The Canadian Institute Civic Protection Institute

BLUE LINE MAGAZINE 29 FEBRUARY 2016 Commissionaires Ahearn & Soper G4S Canada Canon Canada Inc. Securitas Canada CruiserCAM Inc Henry’s Photo & Video Security – Identification Integrys Limited Posh Mfg Ltd Kustom Signals, Inc. MaestroVision Ocean Systems 2016 Security – Penal Institutions SWS Group Canadian Critical Incident Inc CPKN Security – Perimeter Eastern College Bosik Technologies Ltd FBI-LEEDA uide

upply Commissionaires Investigative Solutions Network Morpho Canada John E. Reid & Associates, Inc G Securitas Canada L-3 Communications Ont. Motor Vehicle Ind. Council ervice S Security – Products Ont. Tactical Advisory Body WatchGuard Video Fenixlight Limited Osgoode Pro. Development G4S Canada ProTraining Video – Training S Morpho Canada SketchCop Solutions, LLC ProTraining Panasonic Canada Inc. The Canadian Institute The Canadian Institute Pro-gard Products, LLC Ultimate 911 Securesearch Inc. Voice Logging Systems SWS Group Trauma Scene Cleaning CVDS Inc.

& EMebKo Enterprises Security – Services Weapons – Accessories Civic Protection Institute Uniforms & Accessories Aimpoint Inc G4S Canada 5.11 Tactical Colt Canada Securitas Canada 911 Gear Fenixlight Limited CIMA LTCI Corporation Glock Inc Security – Training Fechheimer Brothers Korth Group American Military University Guillemot International Inc. Stoeger Canada (1990) Ltd Commissionaires L&M Highland Summit Canada Distributors ProTraining MD Charlton Co. Ltd. Target Sports (Shooting Edge) Securesearch Inc. Stokes International Wolverine Supplies Securitas Canada Supply Sergeant William Scully Ltd Weapons – Non-Lethal Sirens & Emergency Lighting Dummies Unlimited Apex Soundoff Signal UAV and Training FNH USA LLC Provix Inc Aeryon Labs Korth Group SoundOff Signal Cobb UAS Peacekeeper Products TASER International Inc. Souvenirs Vehicles – Accessories The Mountie Shop Acklands-Grainger Weapons – Security D and R Electronics Stoeger Canada (1990) Ltd Sporting/Hunting Ford Fleet Canada Fenixlight Limited Pro-gard Products, LLC Weapons – Training WatchGuard Video CAPS Inc Surveillance Colt Canada Ahearn & Soper Vehicles – Fleet CTTA Geofeedia Artcal Graphics & Screenprinting Dummies Unlimited MaestroVision Bombardier FNH USA LLC Threat4 Ltd FCA Canada Inc. Laser Shot Ford Fleet Canada Peacekeeper Products Switches & Control Systems Lamda Guard Savage Range Systems SoundOff Signal Smith & Wesson Vehicles – Lightbars Target Sports (Shooting Edge) Tactical Team Equipment Apex Soundoff Signal 5.11 Tactical Code 3/Public Safety Equipment Wireless Communications Aimpoint Inc SoundOff Signal CanCom Sales Inc. Bosik Technologies Ltd Glentel Cdn. Ammunition Disposal Serv. CanCom Sales Inc. Vehicles – Manufacturer Workforce Management CIMA LTCI Corporation Bombardier CALEA Clauma Inc. Ford Fleet Canada Hexagon & Safety Infrastructure Corporate Security Supply Ltd Honda Canada InCube Mobility Solutions FNH USA LLC OSLSolutions Guillemot International Inc. Instant Amor Peacekeeper Products Prefair, Imrico Ltd Tac Wear Inc Thermal Imaging DBC Marine Safety Systems Vehicles – Off Road Discover the latest Draeger Safety Canada Ltd Bombardier products and technology Korth Group Provix Inc Vehicles – Specialty in law enforcement Summit Canada Distributors Bombardier Survitech Group Ford Fleet Canada - DBC Marine Safety Systems Terradyne Armoured Vehicles BlueLine.ca/Expo Wolverine Supplies Vehicles – Tracking Equipment Traffic Control Laser Technology Inc. APRIL 26 & 27, 2016 Commissionaires 9AM - 4PM Video – Mobile & Surveillance Training Courses & Services CONFERENCE • TRADE SHOW 247 Security Inc. AWARDS GALA

PRODUCT LISTING PRODUCT American Military University

FEBRUARY 2016 30 BLUE LINE MAGAZINE & # B CIMA LTCI Corporation Bell Helicopter Montréal, QC 247 Security Inc. Mirabel, QC 514-596-0327 Mississauga, ON 450-437-2763 www.cimaltci.com 866-693-7492 www.bellhelicopter.textron.com www.247securityinc.com Civic Protection Institute S BioPed Toronto, ON 3M Canada Company Oakville, ON 647-501-7576

London, ON www.civicprotectioninstitute.org S 866-424-6733 ervice 800-267-4414 www.bioped.com Clauma Inc. www.3m.ca/lawenforcement G BlackBerry Sainte-Julie, QC Waterloo, ON 450-922-0424 upply 5.11 Tactical uide Modesto, CA 519-888-7465 www.clauma.ca 209-527-4511 www.rim.com www.511tactical.com Cobb UAS Blue Line Magazine Poolesville, MD

911 Gear Markham, ON 240-489-1UAS 2016 Markham, ON 905-640-3048 www.cobbuas.com www.blueline.ca 905-205-0074 Code 3/Public Safety Equipment www.911gear.ca Body Armour Canada Saint Louis, MO Whitby, ON 314-426-2700 A 289-314-7900 www.code3pse.com Absolute Data Destruction Inc www.bodyarmourcanada.com

Cognitec, Inc. Toronto, ON Bombardier Recreational Product Rockland, MA 416-742-7444 Sherbrooke, QC 781-616-0600 www.absolutedatadestruction.ca 819-566-3356 www.cognitec.com www.brp.com Accident Support Services Int. Colt Canada Toronto, ON Bosik Technologies Ltd Kitchener, ON 416-745-3301 Ottawa, ON 519-893-6840 www.accsupport.com 613-822-8898 www.coltcanada.com www.bosik.com Acklands-Grainger Commission on Accreditation for Law Richmond Hill, ON Brake Parts Inc Enforcement Agencies, (CALEA) 905-731-5516 McHenry, IL Gainesville, VA www.acklandsgrainger.com 800-323-0354 703-352-4225 www.RelyOnRaybestos.com www.calea.org Action Target British Columbia Institute of Technology Provo, UT Burnaby, BC Commissionaires 801-377-8033 Ottawa, ON

604-432-8547 CORPORATE LISTING www.actiontarget.com www.bcit.ca/study/programs/forensics 877-322-6777 commissionaires.ca Adanac Security Barrie, ON C Constable Cigar Co 800-461-9610 C.R.A.F.M. Grand Valley, ON www.adanacsecurity.com Montréal, QC 519-928-2487 514-635-4867 www.policepride.com Aeryon Labs www.crafm.com Waterloo, ON Canadian Ammunition Disposal Cornerstone Mediation 519-489-6726 Mississauga, ON www.aeryon.com Services (CADS) Hamilton, ON 905-567-6833 www.cornerstone-mediation.com Ahearn & Soper 905-977-9899 www.cadsammunitiondisposal.com Toronto, ON Corporate Security Supply Ltd 800-263-4258 Canadian Blood Services Winnipeg, MB www.ahearn.com Toronto, ON 800-563-5566 www.corporatesupply.ca Aimpoint Inc 416-681-5719 www.blood.ca Chantilly, VA Correctional Service of Canada 703-263-9795 Canadian Critical Incident Inc Ottawa, ON www.aimpoint.com Toronto, ON 613-996-5891 289-387-3250 www.csc-scc.gc.ca Airbus Helicopters www.canadiancriticalincident.com Fort Erie, ON CPKN - Cdn. Police Knowledge Network 800-267-4999 CanCom Sales Inc. Charlottetown, PE www.eurocopter.com 705-326-5677 902-629-4278 www.cancomradioaccessories.com www.cpkn.ca Airstar Canada Inc. Toronto, ON Canon Canada Inc. CRd Distribution 416-919-9498 Mississauga, ON London, ON www.airstarcanada.com 416-418-3420 877-974-3678 www.canon www.crddistribution.ca American Military University Manassas, VA CAPS Inc CruiserCAM Inc 304-919-9051 Kirkland, QC Redcliff, AB www.amu.apus.edu 866-559-8591 403-581-9295 www.caps-inc.com www.cruisercam.ca Apex Soundoff Signal Carswell, a Thomson Reuters business CSI Forensics Hudsonville, MI Toronto, ON Saint Catharines, ON 800-338-7337 416-609-8000 905-325-3505 www.soundoffsignal.com www.carswell.com www.csiforensics.ca Argus-Hazco Cartovista (DBX Geomatics) CTOMS Inc. Mississauga, ON Gatineau, QC Edmonton, AB 800-332-0435 819-772-2000 780-469-6106 argus-hazco.com www.cartovista.co www.ctoms.ca Artcal Graphics Case-Tech Leather Inc. CTTA - Cdn. Tactical Training Academy London, ON Oakville, ON Montreal, QC 519-453-6010 905-842-8294 514-373-8411 www.artcal.com www.case-tech.com www.ctta-global.com

BLUE LINE MAGAZINE 31 FEBRUARY 2016 Cummins Allison ULC Fenixlight Limited Honda Canada Mississauga, ON Shenzhen, Guangdong Markham, ON 800-499-6191 86075529631163 888-946-6329 www.cumminsallison.ca www.fenixlight.com www.honda.ca/HondaCorp CVDS Inc. First Tactical Inc. Honeywell Sensing & Performance Pointe-Claire, QC Modesto, CA Solutions 514-426-7879 855-665-3410 Mississauga, ON 2016 www.cvds.com www.firsttactical.com. 800-268-6936 www.honeywellaidc.com D Fisher Space Pen D and R Electronics Cobourg, ON Humber College 905-951-9997 Toronto, ON uide 905-752-2020 416-798-1331 upply www.dandrelectronics.com www.spacepen.ca www.communityservices.humber.ca G Dalhousie University FNH USA LLC Halifax, NS McLean, VA I ervice S 800-565-8867 703-288-3500 iGO Electric Bikes www.dal.ce/cce www.fnhusa.com Montreal, QC 514-637-2365 Datalux Direct Ford Fleet Canada S www.igoelectric.com Winchester, VA Oakville, ON 800-328-2589 905-845-2511 ImaginArt Signs www.datalux.com www.fleet.ford.ca Windsor, ON 519-739-6073 DAVTECH Analytical Service (Canada) Forensic Art by Diana Trepkov www.imaginartsigns.com Ottawa, ON

& Ajax, ON 613-831-6009 647-522-9660 Impact Cases Inc. www.Davtech.ca www.forensicsbydiana.com Markham, ON 905-470-7888 DBC Marine Safety Systems Ltd. FORTLOG Services www.impactcases.com Delta, BC Ottawa, ON 604-278-3221 613-799-1050 Impulse Group Inc www.dbcmarine.com www.fortlog.org Pickering, ON Docs Leathers and Motorcycle Gear 905-837-0599 G www.impulsegroup.ca Toronto, ON G4S Canada 416-504-8888 Toronto, ON InCube Mobility Solutions www.docsleathers.com 888-717-4447 Oakville, ON www.g4s.ca 905-465-9696 Draeger Safety Canada Ltd www.e-incube.ca Mississauga, ON Geofeedia 905-212-6000 Chicago, IL Instant Amor www.draeger.com 312-724-8900 Simi Valley, CA Dristex www.geofeedia.com 805-526-3046 www.instantarmor.com Longueuil, QC Georgian College 450-676-8118 Barrie, ON www.dristex.com Integrys Limited 705-325-2740 Mississauga, ON Dummies Unlimited www.georgianc.on.ca 905-502-2071 Pomona, CA Glentel www.integrys.com 909-392-7502 Burnaby, BC www.dummiesunlimited.com International Association for Property 800-GLENTEL & Evidence DuPont Canada Inc www.glentel.com Burbank, CA Mississauga, ON Glock Inc 818-846-2926 416-443-9398 Smyrna, GA www.IAPE.org www.personalprotection.dupont.ca 770-432-1202 International Police Association Durham College www.glock.com Toronto, ON Oshawa, ON Gray Jay Leather www.ipa.ca 905-721-2000 Regina, SK www.durhamcollege.ca/cijs Investigative Solutions Network Inc. 306-545-1028 Pickering, ON E www.grayjayleather.com 905-421-0046 Eastern College Guillemot International Inc. www.investigativesolutions.ca Saint John, NB Québec City, QC Investors Group - Dave Collins 506-633-5166 888-811-2952 Grimsby, ON www.easterncollege.ca www.guillemotinc.com 905-517-4214 EMebKo Enterprises H www.investorsgroup.com Prince George, BC Hamisco Industrial Sales Investors Group - Lucienne Croghan 888-828-1822 London, ON Burlington, ON www.emebko.com/law 519-652-9800 416-803-2043 F www.hamisco.com www.investorsgroup.com Face Forensics Inc. Health IM Investors Group - Shaun Muldoon Victoria, BC Kitchener, ON Grande Prairie, AB 604-727-1767 519-835-8200 780-532-3366 www.faceforensics.com www.healthim.com www.investorsgroup.com FBI-LEEDA Henry’s Photo & Video Malvern, PA Toronto, ON J 877-772-7712 800-461-7960 John E. Reid & Associates, Inc www.fbileeda.org www.henrys.com Chicago, IL FCA Canada Inc. 800-255-5747 Hexagon & Safety Infrastructure www.reid.com Mississauga, ON Mississauga, ON 800-463-3600 905-812-9755 www.fleet.fcacanada.ca Justice Institute of British Columbia www.intergraph.ca New Westminster, BC Fechheimer Brothers Homewood Health Centre 604-528-5809 Cincinnati, OH Guelph, ON www.jibc.ca/emergency 800-543-1939 519-824-1010

CORPORATE LISTING CORPORATE www.fechheimer.com www.homewood.org

FEBRUARY 2016 32 BLUE LINE MAGAZINE & Meggitt Training Systems Peerless Handcuff Co K Montreal, QC West Springfield, MA Korth Group 514-339-9938 413-732-2156 Okotoks, AB www.meggitttrainingsystems.com 403-938-3255 www.peerless.net www.korthgroup.com Mitsubishi Motor Sales of Canada S Mississauga, ON Pelican Products ULC Kustom Signals, Inc. 905-214-6000 Edmonton, AB Lenexa, KS www.mitsubishi-motors.ca 866-273-5422 S 800-458-7866 www.pelican.ca ervice www.KustomSignals.com Mobile Innovations Niagara Falls, ON Philips Medical Systems G Montréal, QC L 416-889-9997 upply www.mobinnoco.com 800-291-6743 uide L&M Highland www.philips.com Dartmouth, NS Morpho Canada 902-802-6735 Montreal, QC PlateSmart Technologies www.landmhighland.com 514-664-1168 Oldsmar, FL www.morpho.com 813-749-0892 2016 L-3 Communications www.platesmart.com New York, NY My Court Calendar Polar Pin 212-697-1111 Tampa, FL Canmore, AB www.l-3com.com 877-312-0144 www.mycourtcalendar.com 877-polarEH! Lamda Guard www.polarpin.com Dartmouth, NS Posh Mfg Ltd N 902-482-5729 Next Biometrics Inc. Surrey, BC www.lamdaguard.com Bellevue, WA 604-596-5200 203-613-2222 www.poshmfg.com Laser Shot www.nextbiometrics.com Stafford, TX Prairie Geomatics Ltd 678-625-1821 Niagara University Minnedosa, MB www.lasershot.com Niagara County, NY 888-444-0302 716-286-8422 www.gpszone.ca Laser Technology Inc. www.niagara.edu Centennial, CO Prefair, Imrico Ltd 303-649-1000 Northurn Ltd. Belœil, QC www.lasertech.com Lindsay, ON 450-446-7060 705-324-6164 www.prefair.ca Legaltek LX www.northurn.com Anaheim, CA Pride in Service 714-321-9200 O Pickering, ON legalteklx.com Ocean Systems 800-535-9735 Leica GeoSystems Burtonsville, MD www.prideinservice.com CORPORATE LISTING 800-253-7516 Toronto, ON www.oceansystems.com Priority Dispatch 416-497-2460 Salt Lake City, UT www.leica-geosystems.com OMEK International 800-811-0047 Lenbrook Group Pickering, ON www.prioritydispatch.net Pickering, ON 647-444-2884 www.omekinternational.com Pro-gard Products, LLC 905-831-6333 Noblesville, IN www.lenbrook.com Ontario Motor Vehicle Industry Council 800-480-6680 Lethbridge College Toronto, ON www.pro-gard.com Lethbridge, AB 416-226-4500 www.omvic.on.ca Prototype Integrated Solutions, Inc. 403-320-3489 Langley, BC www.lethbridgecollege.ab.ca Ontario Tactical Advisory Body 403-456-3050 Barrie, ON www.prototype.ca Lexis Nexis 705-795-2905 Markham, ON www.otab.ca ProTraining 905-479-2665 Edmonton, AB www.lexisnexis.ca Original S.W.A.T 888-670-4407 Halton Hills, ON protraining.com LifeRaft 905-873-7030 Halifax, NS www.originalswat.com 888-318 -5105 Provix Inc www.socialliferaft.com Osgoode Professional Development Simcoe County, ON Toronto, ON 705-434-0253 416-597-9729 www.provix.net M www.osgoodepd.ca PTLights Inc. MaestroVision OSLSolutions Toronto, ON Vaudreuil-Dorion, QC Ottawa, ON 416-370-2413 888-424-5505 888-675-8255 www.ptlights.com www.maestrovision.com www.oslsolutions.com/main Q Mag Instrument Inc. OtterBox La Grange Park, IL Fort Collins, CO Rocky Boots 909-947-1006 888-695-8820 Nelsonville, OH www.maglite.com www.otterbox.com 519-883-8226 www.rockyboots.com MD Charlton Co. Ltd. Burnaby, BC P 250-652-5266 Packtrack R www.mdcharlton.ca Lakeland, FL 954-914-3675 Royal Roads University www.packtrackapp.com Victoria, BC MediaSolv Corp 877-778-6227 Herndon, VA Panasonic Canada Inc. www.royalroads.ca 571-748-5100 Mississauga, ON www.mediasolvcorp.com 866-413-3099 S www.panasonic.ca MedicAlert Foundation Canada Salted Earth LLC Toronto, ON Peacekeeper Products Chandler, AZ 416-696-0142 Pomona, CA 602-655-8986 www.medicalert.ca/en/index.asp 909-596--6699 www.thesaltedearth.com www.peacekeeperproducts.com

BLUE LINE MAGAZINE 33 FEBRUARY 2016 U Savage Range Systems SWS Group Ultimate 911 Westfield, MA Winnipeg, MB Hamilton, ON 800-370-0712 204-779-1982 905-407-6670 www.savagerangesystems.com www.swsgroup.ca www.ultimate911.ca Schawbel Technologies LLC Burlington, MA T Underwater Kinetics Canada Edmonton, AB 2016 781-552-5015 Tac Wear Inc www.heat.thermacell.com Whitby, ON 780-484-2350 905-571-5115 www.underwaterkineticscanada.com Securesearch Inc. www.tacwear.com Toronto, ON University of Guelph

uide Guelph, ON

upply 905-886-5349 Tactical Innovations Canada www.securesearchinc.com Calgary, AB 519-824-4120 G 403-818-1265 www.leadership.uoguelph.ca Securitas Canada shop.tacticalinnovations.ca

ervice University of Guelph-Humber

S Toronto, ON Toronto, ON 800-268-0545 Target Sports (The Shooting Edge) www.securitas.ca 416-798-1331 Gormley, ON www.guelphhumber.ca

S Sig Sauer 905-888-8288 Exeter, NH www.targetsportscanada.com V 603-772-2302 Versaterm Inc. www.sigarms.com TASER International Inc. Ottawa, ON Scottsdale, AZ 613-820-0311 Sigma Safety Corp. 800-978-2737 www.versaterm.com & Surrey, BC www.taser.com 604-757-5350 Visual Planning Corporation www.sigmasafety.ca TD Wealth – Randy Craig Montréal, QC Barrie, ON 514-739-3116 Simon Fraser University www.visualplanning.com Vancouver, BC 705-726-7164 778-782-5220 www.randycraig.ca VocaLinks Inc www.sfu.ca/1stResponders Toronto, ON Teel Technologies Canada 905-233-1893 SketchCop Solutions, LLC Victoria, BC www.vocalinks.com Corona, CA 250-893-6125 951-264-9054 www.teeltechcanada.com Volcanic Bikes www.SketchCop.com Olympia, WA Terradyne Armoured Vehicles 509-427-8623 Smith & Wesson Newmarket, ON www.volcanicbikes.com Springfield, MA 905 -726-7400 800-331-0852 www.terradyneinc.com Vortex Canada www.smith-wesson.com Guelph, ON The Canadian Institute 800-426-0048 SoundOff Signal Toronto, ON www.vortexcanada.net Hudsonville, MI 877-927-7936 616-896-7100 www.canadianinstitute.com W www.soundoffsignal.com Wasp Interactive Barcode The Mountie Shop Mississauga, ON Sportmeds Inc Ottawa, ON 905-251-8622 Toronto, ON 877-241-8181 www.waspbarcode.com 416-783-3737 www.themountieshop.ca www.sportmeds.ca WatchGuard Video ThermaCELL Allen, TX SRS Tactical Carlsbad, CA 972-423-9777 Calgary, AB 866-651-7579 www.watchguardvideo.com 403-453-0040 www.heat.thermacell.com www.srstactical.ca William Scully Ltd Threat4 Ltd Montréal, QC St. John Ambulance Kelowna, BC 514-527-9333 Toronto, ON 888-316-0666 www.williamscully.ca 416-923-8411 www.threat4.com Williams Family Lawyers www.sja.ca Markham, ON Stoeger Canada (1990) Ltd TPS Museum & Gift Shop 905-940-1598 Oshawa, ON Toronto, ON www.williamsfamilylawyers.com 416-808-7021 905-436-9077 www.stoegercanada.ca www.torontopolice.on.ca/museum Wolverine Supplies Virden, MB Stokes International Travers Communications Inc 204-748-2454 Mississauga, ON Markham, ON www.wolverinesupplies.com 800-361-2277 905-940-0684 www.stokes-int.com www.traverscommunications.com Wolverine Worldwide Canada / Bates Uniform Footwear Summit Canada Distributors Triform Oakville, ON Cornwall, ON Toronto, ON 905-847-1682 613-932-1441 416-226-6000 www.batesfootwear.com www.summitcanada.ca www.triform.com Wyndham Forensic Group Supply Sergeant Trigger Wholesale Guelph, ON Edmonton, AB Waterloo, ON 519-822-9344 780-444-1540 877-650-5515 www.wyndhamforensic.ca www.supplysergeant.ca www.triggerwholesale.com SureFire, LLC Z Fountain Valley, CA Trijicon, Inc. Zero Motorcycles Wixom, MI 800-828-8809 Scotts Valley, CA www.surefire.com 248-960-7700 831-438-3500 www.trijicon.com www.zeromotorcycles.com Survitech Group - DBC Marine Safety Systems True Grit Outfitters Zoll Medical Delta, BC Markham, ON Mississauga, ON 604-278-3221 905-967-2274 866-442-1011 CORPORATE LISTING CORPORATE www.dbcmarine.com www.truegritoutfitters.ca www.zoll.com

FEBRUARY 2016 34 BLUE LINE MAGAZINE LED flares offer a safe alternative

by Elvin Klassen

First responders rely on burning chemical flares every day to illuminate emergency situa- tions and warn passers by of imminent danger. Chemical flares are expensive, dangerous and use carcinogenic chemicals, according to Safety Shine Technologies of Surrey, British Columbia, which produces LED flares that are shining a light on this roadside problem. Visible from one kilometre away, they are bright, durable, work in all weather conditions and are reusable. Owner Hector Nebrijo highlighted his product on the Nov. 25 episode of the CBC Television program Dragons’ Den. The Drag- ons liked his product and all agreed it has potential for emergency situations, camping and other uses but turned down the opportu- nity to invest $135,000 for 45 per cent of the company. To emphasize the durability of his product, drivers and helicopter pilots. The lens reduces about $280. This works out to about 1.6 cents Nebrijo threw a flare on the floor in the Den. the amount of material required compared to per hour over a five year period (or 100,000 One Dragon hurled another hard at the cement a conventional lens by dividing it into a set of hours LED’s life), Nebrijo says. He compares floor. Both bright beacons continued to shine concentric annular sections. that to the $10 to $20 each cost of conventional despite the abuse. Each unit also has a 3.5 cm. reflective sec- flares, which can only be used once. The electronic flares come in a choice of tion around the body. The switch is mounted Calgary and Vancouver police use the red, white, blue or amber and can produce flush with the unit body to prevent it from flares and the RCMP has bought 200 kits, says either a continuous, slow or rapidly flashing accidentally turning off if bumped. Nebrijo, who immigrated to Canada in 2002 light. A newly designed flare will alternately Each flare comes equipped with a heavy from Columbia and notes he only had two bags emit both a blue and red light if desired for steel-reinforced removable base that will not with his family belongings when he arrived. police use. topple in high winds. Alternately, a remov- George Francom appeared with Nebrijo The two D batteries in each flare will able pointed base is included so that it can be on the Dragon’s Den. He invented the flares operate for 60 to 80 hours depending on the inserted into the top of a traffic cone. and looks after quality control. light setting. Each flare has a Fresnel lens A kit of five LED Electronic Road Flares designed to emit maximum light at angles and and 5 rubber bases bases / Traffic cone Visit safetyshine.com for more information. of 15 and 10.5 degrees to get the attention of attachments in a red carry-all bag sells for

BLUE LINE MAGAZINE 35 FEBRUARY 2016 TECHNOLOGY by Tom Rataj

Live operational data anyone can access

Policing has become increasingly inten- Beyond all the work and wasted paper, the Flash so it works across all web-browsers on sive in terms of data collection, analysis and biggest problem was that the budget numbers desktop, laptop/mobile and tablet computers exploitation over the past decade or two. Police were already a few weeks old, reducing their as well as smartphones. services, especially larger ones, spend sub- value. Fortunately, this kind of archaic process The PPS installation is available for stantial amounts of time, effort and ultimately is long gone for many such tasks. all police personnel, from street officers up money, collecting, storing and analyzing data Unfortunately, when it comes to accessing through D/Chief Tim Farquharson and Chief on many facets of their operations. and analyzing crime data and other operational Murray Rodd. Unfortunately, much of that data often re- information, a certain degree of specialized mains trapped within large databases. Finding training and software is often still required. Graphical user interface the information people need is often a time- There are few tools which allow the average The application is simple to use, providing consuming and complex process. Unlocking officer or manager to access and analyze data. graphic views of data and allowing individual the value is also often an after-the-fact un- An investigator typically has to work with users to interact with and customize it to their dertaking. Critical information becomes stale the crime analyst to find information and link- unique needs. The graphical elements provide by the time it’s available, reducing its value. ages between information potentially relevant linkages back to the actual data that they repre- One of my monthly tasks working in the to an investigation. Since the analyst typically sent on maps and charts, so users can quickly Toronto Police District Planning office in the works only day shift, Monday through Friday, get an idea of what is happening and where, early 90s was to prepare a budget analysis progress is often slowed. and then drill-down to read the details. report for the superintendent. Managers requiring staffing, operational It has a live connection to both the PPS Because the data was stored in an old and budget numbers also have to rely on an Intergraph Computer Aided Dispatch (CAD) mainframe computer, the only way to access analyst of some kind to extract the data they system and NICHE Records Management Sys- it was to request a report. All 50 to 60 double- need, again causing a delay. Many soft dollar tem (RMS), so the information is always fresh. sided pages had to be output on the mainframe person-hours are squandered while they search The simple interface makes it easy for us- designated printer in another office across the for and try to access data. ers to access and interact with data by simply hall, even though I only needed a few pages The Peterborough Police Service (PPS) pointing and clicking in the areas of the ap- covering a small number of budgets, such as recently began using a very effective live data- plication from which they want information. overtime and court costs. access product called Executive Dashboard, The home page has four tabs that run After waiting up to 30 minutes for the which solves some of these problems. horizontally across the top of the screen; maps, report to arrive and be printed, I then had to A collaboration between the PPS and charts, police response and activity. The next search for the pages I needed and manually MDSP Consulting, the product uses the Car- section provides controls that allow users to transpose the required information into an toVista software from DBx GEOMATICS Inc. filter the data by a wide variety of criteria. Excel spreadsheet template that I had created. This multi-platform program uses HTML5 and Since CAD and RMS data will always

FEBRUARY 2016 36 BLUE LINE MAGAZINE present different information about policing A long wide window across the bottom of his service by providing timely and accurate operations, the first available filter switches the main screen displays calls-for-service by information to improve accountability to both between these two unique sources. A call-for- time of day so any user can quickly see the the police services board and the community service in the CAD system may start out as a ebb and flow of service-demands. at large, “to justify and support why we need noise complaint and end up being recorded Two smaller square windows are on the what we have... in the RMS as a far more serious incident. right side of the screen. The first displays calls- “Tools like this give us answers quickly The ability to view calls-for-service informa- by-type in a labelled exploded pie chart, while in a timely fashion without having to go to tion in its different contexts is important in the second display calls-by-day in a stacked internal subject matter experts for a report... many ways. bar-chart. Again, at a glance these two win- this tool also gives our front line officers the Additional filters include control over date dows show an overview of what’s going on. ability to be their own crime analyst.” ranges such as month, quarter and year, patrol The Executive Dashboard product does areas, call-priority classifications and a list of an excellent job of providing access to live 17 types of events, including criminal, drug, operational data, allowing individual users to provincial, municipal, traffic offences and massage the information to meet their indi- For more information, visit www.peterboroughpolice.com, www.mdspconsulting.com and www.cartovista.com. other types of calls-for-service/events. vidual requirements. All filters can be controlled, allowing the user to see just the data they are looking for Quick answers Tom Rataj is Blue Line’s Technology columnist and can without having to wade through mountains of At a presentation back in November be reached at [email protected]. irrelevant information. 2015, Rodd explained how this product helps The remainder of the home screen is dominated by a large map window which plots the locations of calls-for-service or reports, depending on which filter has been applied. There are three additional smaller windows that use graphs to display calls by type, time of day and day of week. The four windows are all interactive, allowing users to manipulate and custom- ize how the data is presented to quickly see what’s happening, where and when, and find the details they need. In the map window, data points for calls- for-service/events are displayed. Users can zoom in or out on the map and also select an area of interest with a square, radius or free- form selection tool. Individual data points on the map represent CAD or RMS data; clicking provides access to the event data. Depending on filters applied, customised data displays can be created for any requirement. Views can be exported as images and data can be exported for further manipula- tion in Excel and other programs.

Personal crime analysis tool An officer on the road can, for example, quickly see all the B&E calls or just those in a particular area or neighbourhood, filtered by several additional criteria. This transforms the Executive Dashboard into a decent basic self- serve personal crime analysis tool. By default the map window shows data points but can also display information in a heat-map, allowing data to be seen in a dif- ferent dimension.

BLUE LINE MAGAZINE 37 FEBRUARY 2016 HOLDING THE LINE by Stephanie Conn

PRIDE AT A PRICE... doing the right thing

Sexual orientation and gender identity I want you to imagine for a moment that strong push for conformity and tends to favour are important aspects of an individual’s well- your sexual orientation has been deemed unac- a very masculine persona. This may encourage being, for better or worse. For better, sexual ceptable by your family, friends, co-workers more judgement and pressure to conform to attraction to another is healthy and adaptive, and society. You are now being pressured to this notion of the ideal police officer. whether the other individual is the same or be attracted to a different gender. Seriously, Tragically, research shows that LGBTQ another gender. think about it for a moment. How do you feel? police officers are not treated fairly in the Having confidence and pride in one’s How will you manage this conflict within you? workplace, have to prove themselves more identity, in all respects, is also a hallmark of As you can now imagine, feeling this kind of than others, and are still being denied career 1 health. Having support and acceptance from pressure can create a host of mental health advancement opportunities. For this reason, others relating to sexual orientation and gender issues low self-esteem, anxiety, depression, as well as treatment by co-workers, LGBTQ identity is also vital for well-being. We are interpersonal difficulties, to name but a few. police officers may not reveal their orientation social beings and a sense of belonging is a You can redo this mental exercise with or identity in the workplace. fundamental need. your gender identity if you were born a male, A recent and very interesting study of Unfortunately, not everyone is accepting you must now be a female even if you don’t LGBTQ officers was conducted by Joe Couto 2 or supportive of others’ sexual orientations or want to be. Deep down you identify as male of Royal Roads University. Couto found that gender identities. Sometimes the rejection and but cannot freely be what you are due to the participants felt that despite the conservative judgment is directly aimed at individuals, with stigma attached to you embracing this identity. police culture, there was less pressure now to ridiculing comments, demeaning questions This is the agony that a person with gender conform to a traditional macho police role. and cruel micro aggressions. (The term micro dysphoria suffers. Participants spoke of the progress in recent aggressions refers to discriminatory behaviour Now let’s try imagining a different years made by police agencies in embracing targeting socially marginalized groups.) scenario. Your family, friends, co-workers diversity. Other times the rejection and judgment is and society accept you as you are. You can Participants, however, indicated that less direct, such as by telling jokes or stories openly be attracted to who attracts you and homophobic comments were still made, and about others’ sexual orientations or gender be the gender that you know you are. What a worse yet, tolerated by supervisors. Sadly, identities, but are still offensive and hurtful liberating scenario! these comments led some officers to feel they to the individual whose sexual orientation You do not have to be conflicted about how had to hide their sexuality in the workplace. or gender identity is being attacked. Making you will be in the presence of others because This was especially true for gay males. matters worse, when a person responds with you don’t have to fear judgement and rejection. Participants in Couto’s study suggested distress due to being judged or mistreated The likelihood of developing low self- that teaching officers about diversity instead by others, their normal reaction of distress esteem, anxiety, depression, or interpersonal of punishing them for discriminatory harass- becomes the “proof” to others that the per- difficulties relating to your sexual orientation ment reflects the agency’s tolerance of such son is compromised in some way, resulting or gender identity is virtually nonexistent now. discriminatory practices. in further stigmatization and mistreatment. The traditional police culture makes it The take home message I draw from This, in turn, worsens their distress. It is a especially difficult if you are a LGBTQ police reading Couto’s study and my own work vicious cycle. officer. Traditional police culture has a very with LGBTQ first responders is that there

FEBRUARY 2016 38 BLUE LINE MAGAZINE are ways that fellow officers and supervi- sors can either enhance the well-being of their LGBTQ officers or harm it. Harmful behaviours include making insensitive jokes or comments and being complicit with these shameful behaviours by others. Not saying anything, or worse yet, laughing implies that you agree with these homophobic judgments, even if you don’t. If you are a supervisor, you have the opportunity to condemn these behaviours and support your officer(s). Even if you are not a supervisor, you can let others know that their behaviour is not okay. This might put you at odds with the offending officer(s) but the alternative scenario is having to live with the regret of not doing the right thing for a colleague. As police officers, you know that doing the right thing is not always easy but it is the most honourable and compassionate choice.

REFERENCES 1. Miller, S.L., Forest, K.B., & Jurik, N.C. (2003). Diversity in blue: Lesbian and gay police officers in a masculine occupation. Men and Masculinities, 5, 355-372. 2. Couto, J. (2014). Covered in Blue: Police Culture and LGBT Police Officers in the Province of Ontario. Master’s Thesis, Royal Roads University.

Dr. Stephanie Conn is a former police officer and cur- rently a clinical psychologist practicing in Vancouver. She is a regular Blue Line columnist. Contact: stephanie@ blueline.ca or visit conncounselling.com

BLUE LINE MAGAZINE 39 FEBRUARY 2016 CASE LAW by Mike Novakowski Arrest grounds depend on all circumstances

In a two to one decision, Newfoundland’s The initial stop was not a ruse to justify the cocaine were therefore reasonable. Dia- top court has upheld the arrest of a driver after a drug or weapon search, the judge found. mond was convicted of both charges. a police officer saw a knife positioned nearby. Diamond was driving 30 km/h over the speed Diamond challenged his convictions be- In R. v. Diamond, 2015 NLCA 60 a police limit. Dispatch told him to exercise caution. fore the Newfoundland and Labrador Court officer stopped a pick-up truck at 12:55 am “Police work is a dangerous job, par- of Appeal. on a remote road, for travelling 80 km/h in ticularly when one is unaccompanied in the a 50 zone. He radioed in the license number dead of night,” said the judge. “Vehicles are A search? and was advised to be cautious because the capable of transporting weapons, armaments Justice Harington, speaking for the major- registered owner had earlier been arrested for and contraband.” ity, noted that there was “a significant amount drugs and had a scanner and knife. Although Diamond had an expectation of of jurisprudence affirming that a police of- The officer saw a police scanner above the privacy while operating his vehicle, it was a ficer may use a flashlight at night to observe driver-side window visor as he approached reduced one, and the officer’s inspection of the activities or objects inside vehicles.” He then the vehicle and noted the truck was higher truck cab did not amount to a search. concluded that the officer’s visual inspection than usual because it had large tires and a Where speed is a factor, the officer must of the cab’s interior in this case did not amount suspension lift. When asked for his driver’s be attentive to the possibility of impairment to a search. license and registration, Diamond checked by alcohol or drugs. Where one is alerted to The judge found that the officer mini- his window visor but could not find it. The of- the possibility of the presence of a knife, one mally inserted his head and a hand holding ficer asked him to check the glove box. When might also be expected to rotate one’s flashlight a flashlight inside the vehicle only briefly, to Diamond leaned over, the officer saw some around to check the environment. This was not assess his immediate surroundings for his own money he had been sitting on. an open convertible or sports car which the safety... This minimal intrusion was necessary The officer, with at least part of his head officer could survey from above. due to the height of the truck. I agree with his and hand through the open window, shone In order to view the vehicle in a proper finding that this did not constitute a search his flashlight on “an unsheathed hunting type manner to address the concern of impair- [para. 18]. knife within Diamond’s reach next to the ment or personal safety around the possible As well, the plain view doctrine applied. driver-side door. Diamond was arrested for presence of a weapon, the skills of a gymnast The officer was in a lawful position from which possessing a weapon dangerous to the public were not needed. Nonetheless, the height of the to view the unsheathed knife in the course of a peace and was placed in handcuffs and patted- vehicle required the head of the officer and the lawful visual inspection of the truck. down at the roadside. A small bag of cocaine flashlight to minimally enter the open window fell from his clothing. area and the knife was seen immediately. A lawful arrest? Diamond was advised of his right to coun- The knife was in plain view and seeing it The majority of the appeal court also sel, which he declined, and given the standard was inadvertent. “The officer did not expect agreed that Diamond’s arrest was lawful. police caution. Another 28 small bags totaling to find a knife,” said the judge. The officer had the required subjective belief 12 grams of cocaine was discovered during a “All the officer did was a routine scan of (as Diamond conceded) that was objectively subsequent strip-search at the police station. the vehicle with his flashlight as he had to do reasonable in the circumstances. The totality Diamond was charged with possessing cocaine in that place and that circumstance and the of the circumstances not only included the for the purpose of trafficking and possessing a physical dimensions of the vehicle required presence of the knife but also the following: weapon dangerous to the public peace. a minimal insertion of head, hand and flash- • (i) The knife was located on the driver’s side, In Newfoundland and Labrador Provincial light far enough through the open window to where it would be most easily accessible; Court, Diamond argued that his rights under allow a view of this large knife, unsheathed • (ii)It was unsheathed. If the knife was related to ss. 8 and 9 of the Charter were breached. In his and available for ready use in the lower door illegal drug activity, it would be advantageous view, the act of the officer leaning his head in compartment on the driver’s side of the truck.” to have it unsheathed for quicker access; the truck and shining his flashlight constituted The judge found the officer had the nec- • (iii)Involvement in the drug trade can be a warrantless search without sufficient grounds essary reasonable grounds to justify an arrest a motive to carry a weapon for a purpose to do so. He submitted the officer’s conduct under s. 495(1) of the Criminal Code for pos- dangerous to the public; was “quite egregious” and a “ruse” but the sessing a weapon for a purpose dangerous to • (iv) The officer knew the [accused] had previ- judge disagreed. the public peace. The searches that uncovered ously been arrested for possession of drugs;

FEBRUARY 2016 40 BLUE LINE MAGAZINE • (v)The [accused] was carrying a machete type knife when he was last arrested for possession of drugs; Secondary purpose • (vi)The [accused’s] vehicle was carrying a police scanner. That is a known drug- trafficking accessory; and didn’t taint stop legality • (vii)The [accused] was carrying a police scanner the last time he was arrested for possession of drugs. The majority did offer this caution: I am not suggesting that, in every instance when an unsheathed knife is located in a door pocket beside the driver of a vehicle, this would be the basis for arresting the driver for possession of a weapon dangerous to the public peace. It is the confluence of circum- stances that supports the arrest for that offence in this case. The officer had been warned to proceed with caution since the owner of the vehicle had previously been charged with drug offences and, at the time, he had had a knife. The officer was alone on a rural road at 12:55 a.m. The officer saw that the [accused] had been sitting on an amount of money which was visible when he leaned over to open the glove box. In the circumstances, he reasonably Having another purpose unrelated to were on and the driver was alone looking down suspected the involvement of drugs which highway safety does not necessarily render a as if doing something on his lap. alerted him to the possibility that the knife traffic stop unlawful. The driver appeared startled when he was intended for a use dangerous to the public In R. v. Shipley, 2015 ONCA 914, a uni- looked up and saw the officer, “like a deer peace, including to himself [para. 21]. formed police officer working nightshift in a caught in the headlights.” The officer did a Since the arrest was lawful, the seizure of the high drug trafficking area saw a car at 9:48 PM U-turn to go back and investigate why he was cocaine was justifiable incidental to the accused’s stopped diagonal to the marked parking spots in the empty bank parking lot, at night, parked arrest. Diamond’s appeal was dismissed. in a Royal Bank lot. The car’s interior lights strangely, with the interior lights on and why

BLUE LINE MAGAZINE 41 FEBRUARY 2016 he would be startled upon seeing police. a digital scale with white residue on it, mari- arrest. As well, the Crown opined, the officer The car left the lot, turning in the oppo- juana seeds and latex gloves. needed to do a pat down search for safety site direction. The officer did another U-turn Shipley was strip searched in a private area reasons incidental to Shipley’s arrest and strip and followed the vehicle, entered the license of the police station but no drugs were found search him later before he was placed in the number into his computer, and learned it was on his person or in his clothes. He was charged general prison population. a rental vehicle. with possessing cocaine for the purpose of The judge found the officer had a dual pur- The officer pulled the car over and ap- trafficking and possessing proceeds of crime pose in deciding to stop the accused. First, he proached the driver, asking to see the vehicle’s not exceeding $5,000. wanted to make sure Shipley was properly li- documentation and the driver’s license. Ship- In the Ontario Superior Court, the officer censed and, second, he wanted to know why he ley identified himself as Stephen Casey and admitted in cross examination that a rental was stopped in the bank parking lot. He ruled told the officer he was licensed but did not car is often used in drug trafficking. Drug in- that the stop was not a ruse and the inquiries have it with him, nor was he able to produce volvement by the driver was one of a number made, including the request that Shipley step any photo identification. of possibilities going through his mind when out of his car, did not extend beyond the scope When the officer ran “Casey” on CPIC he decided to stop the vehicle and investigate of s. 216(1) of the HTA. it came back as an alias to Stephen Shipley, further. Shipley argued that the officer did not The officer, under these circumstances, who was on bail for outstanding drug related have grounds to stop him, order him out of the was well justified in stopping the applicant offences. The computer entry produced a 4x4 car and then search the vehicle. In his view, under the H.T.A. to ensure he was properly photograph of Shipley. To confirm the driver’s the stop was clearly a ruse based on a hunch licensed. There was nothing improper for the identity, the officer asked him to walk back that drugs were involved. other reason for his stop, which was to inves- to the cruiser. When Shipley complied and Since the vehicle stop was unlawful, so tigate why the [accused] was stopped at an stepped out of his car, the officer noticed a was the search of his car, his person and the empty bank parking lot at night, with interior number of plastic bags containing a white strip search that followed. He submitted that lights on, in a high drug area, and looking substance on the driver’s door and a further any evidence found should be excluded under startled upon seeing the police. plastic bag with a white rock in it on the pas- s.24(2) of the Charter. I further conclude that the officer was jus- senger seat. The Crown, on the other hand, submitted tified in requesting that the [accused] step to Shipley was arrested for possessing that the officer had reasonable grounds to stop his cruiser to determine his I.D. The [accused] cocaine and was patted down. Police found the car under s. 216(1) of Ontario’s Highway did not have a license with him, contrary to the $450 in various pockets, $25 and a dime bag Traffic Act (HTA) and ask Shipley to leave H.T.A. He was unable to produce any photo of cocaine in his wallet and a black cell phone. his car to confirm his identity and whether he I.D. He was driving a rented car. He had previ- A search of the car uncovered the plastic bags was licensed to drive. The cocaine was clearly ously looked startled upon seeing the police. of cocaine from the front of the vehicle, a baby visible upon Shipley opening the door. He gave a name which came up with an alias seat in the rear with bags of cocaine partially The officer had every right to then arrest when searched on the officer’s computer. hidden in the cloth portion, another cell phone, him and search the vehicle incidental to the The officer had a picture on his computer screen and an individual a number of feet away in his car at night with lighting obviously not at its best. Under those circumstances I think it entirely reasonable for the officer to ask the [accused] to attend at his car to be able to do a proper photo comparison with the [accused] next to his photo on the computer screen. Once the [accused] opened the door to his vehicle the drugs were clearly visible to the officer, both on the driver’s door and the pas- senger seat. The officer then had reasonable grounds to arrest the [accused] and search the vehicle [2014 ONSC 4795, paras. 23-25]. As for the strip search, it was properly con- ducted and reasonable in the circumstances. It was not simply being done as a matter of routine. Shipley had been arrested for drug trafficking and the purpose of the search was to discover illegal drugs secreted on his person. It was conducted in private at the police station by officers of the same gender with the accused removing his own clothes. As bail was to be opposed, Shipley would be placed in the general prisoner population. Police would not want drugs smuggled into the jail hidden on his person. There were no Charter breaches and therefore no reason for a s. 24(2) analysis. Shipley was convicted as charged. In the Ontario Court of Appeal Shipley argued that his ss. 8 and 9 Charter rights had been breached. In his view, the trial judge erred in finding that the arresting officer had reason- able and probable grounds to detain him and

FEBRUARY 2016 42 BLUE LINE MAGAZINE search inside his vehicle. He submitted that the drugs found around the driver’s seat should be excluded under s. 24(2) but the appeal court, From in a short endorsement, rejected this argument. We agree with the trial judge that the officer, in order to determine the [accused’s] @Blue_LineMag... identity, was justified in requesting that [he] @kenthehr step out of his car and come to the police Reading @Blue_LineMag this morning, and appreciated Ian Parson’s cruiser. The [accused] did not have a licence comments on mental health in policing. #cdnpoli with him as required by the HTA, and he was @lpsmediaoffice unable to produce any photo identification. ICYMI: @Blue_LineMag awarded LPS Cruisers “2nd Best Dressed Police The officer had a picture of the person Vehicle”. Thank you to everyone who contributed! whose name was the alias the [accused] had @PCArsenault given him showing on his computer screen Always cool when our new Blue Line #Policing magazine comes in. Relevant in the police car. As a result, it was entirely info, case law, initiatives, products, etc. reasonable for him to ask the [accused] to come over to the police car to compare the [ac- cused] with the image on the computer screen to properly identify him for HTA purposes. When the [accused] stepped out of his vehicle, the dime bags and rock of cocaine around the driver’s seat were in plain view [paras. 4-5]. Relying on Brown v. Durham Regional Police Force (1998), 131 C.C.C. (3d) 1 (Ont. C.A.), the appeal court found the officer’s purpose in finding out what Shipley was doing in the bank lot at the late hour (police intel- ligence) was well within the ongoing police duty to investigate criminal activity. It did not taint the lawfulness of the s. 216(1) HTA stop. There were no ss. 8 or 9 Charter breaches. The evidence was admissible and Ship- ley’s appeal was dismissed. (Additional facts taken from R. v. Shipley, 2014 ONSC 4795).

Visit www.blueline.ca/resources/caselaw for com- plete cases. You can email Mike Novakowski at [email protected]

BLUE LINE MAGAZINE 43 FEBRUARY 2016 PRODUCT SHOWCASE DISPATCHES

Steve Martin, commander of the Hamilton- My Court Calendar Niagara detachment has retired after nearly 35 years “My Court Calendar” is a software program designed with the RCMP. He started his to assist emergency service agencies to efficiently career in Vancouver in 1981, manage court dates for their personnel. It streamlines moving to drug enforcement, the process of accepting litigation papers and docketing before heading to Ontario in court dates by quickly analyzing work related sched- 1990. Here he worked in drugs, ules. It also manages Off-Duty Jobs and Overtime commercial crime, immigration Work. Since the program is web-based officers can ac- and organized crime. he has cess that data 24/7 from virtually anywhere in the world. received the Queen’s Diamond Jubilee Medal and the Order of Merit of the Police Forces. ••• LX 300 Terry Hall, a pivotal member of the OPP biker Legal Tek has introduced a powerful but simple to use squad, passed away January digital video recording system specifically designed for 1st at the age of 70. He joined law enforcement interrogation documentation. The LX the Metropolitan Toronto II is a self-contained digital video recorder that utilizes Police Force as a teenager both the stable LINUX operating system and MPEG2 in 1962 and transferred to recording standard for universal compatibility. Time, the OPP in 1967. He was a date and department information are embedded in a veteran of several undercover recording watermark that virtually eliminates authenti- assignments and became a cation challenges. thorn in the side of outlaw bikers. Hall completed his career as a homicide investigator, retiring in 1997. He leaves behind a wife, two children, three grandchildren and a great-grandchild. Momentum Watches ••• Deputy Chief Paul Burkart will be the new chief of the Nelson Police Momentum Watches presents their Vision/Night Vision Department. A 20-year veteran watch. This is a sapphire crystal time piece designed for of policing, he spent 15 of people who are really tough on their watch. This watch those years in Nelson BC. He presents a dramatically more scratch-resistant than regular mineral glass and virtually impossible to scratch, started with the Calgary Police ensuring a crystal-clear view of the time, year after year. Service where he was involved in several specialized units. He has a bachelor of social science degree in criminology and French and a Masters in labour relations. SportEAR ••• Glenn DeCaire, Hamilton’s chief of police, is ProSounds and SportEAR by ProSounds introduced retiring. He was in policing for the all-new X-Pro Earplugs at the 2016 SHOT Show in more than 35 years. Prior to January. The revolutionary earplug features the “Push- arriving in Hamilton in 2009, he To-Hear” button. This two-way design provides solid served with the Toronto Police hearing protection while allowing natural sounds to pass Service, working in all areas of through with a click of the earplug’s button. This design municipal policing rising to the delivers the ability to go back and forth between natural rank of superintendent. He has sounds with up to 30 dB of hearing protection all while been appointed as an Officer wearing the earplugs. of the Order of Merit of the Police Forces. He has taken a new position as head of security at McMaster University. INKAS ••• Deputy Chief Eric Girt will be filling in as acting chief The INKAS Sentry APC is designed to be used by military for the Hamilton Police Service. forces, SWAT and other law enforcement agencies. As a member of Hamilton Police The Canadian made vehicle demonstrates a high level for 29 years, he has worked in of off-road performance and maneuverability providing many areas including six years an exceptional level of protection and comfort to its in Field Support. He was also passengers. Regional Youth Coordinator. He is a recipient of the Order of Merit of Police Forces and the Police Exemplary Service Medal. ••• Rocky Boots Rene Berger, Chief of the West Grey Police Service has announced his re- tirement. He will retire on Au- Rocky Boots has launched a new line called Rocky gust 31, 2016 after 11½ years Elements of Service, a new collection designed to deliver as Chief of the Service. Berger a versatile set of high-performance footwear options for has worked for a number of police and security. The collection includes five new police agencies since 1979 styles: an oxford, one six-inch slip on and three six-inch including Meaford, Thornbury, lace-ups that offer a variety of features and options. Hanover, Chatham-Kent and The six-inch slip-on features a polyurethane footbed for West Grey. Berger is the recipient of the Police comfort, synthetic upper, flexible cement construction Officer Exemplary Service Medal and sits on the and an aggressive EVA/rubber outsole. OACP and CACP Traffic Committees.

FEBRUARY 2016 44 BLUE LINE MAGAZINE MARKET PLACE

BLUE LINE MAGAZINE 45 FEBRUARY 2016 BACK OF THE BOOK

Advertisers Directory

Learn more about these Canadian Law Enforcement suppliers at www.BlueLine.ca

A salute to our comrades in France 247 Security 23 3M Canada 21 by Anil Anand 911 Gear 45 While these fanatics, extremists and terror- American Military University 11 The attacks on Paris were an attack on all ists would have us fear and force us to temper freedom loving, civil-minded peoples of the our values; this is impossible. We are the Artcal Graphics 45 world. This terrorism was a cowardly attack product of the Declaration of Independence, Blue Line EXPO 24, 30 the Magna Carta, and the Declaration of the on the bastion of civil rights, a city that has Blue Line Conference 24 welcomed, embraced, and included people Rights of Man and Citizen. from around the world. A city and culture that Ours is a civilization built on the principle Blue Line Supply & Service Guide 25 shares its love, passion, and beauty for all that that no person shall be seized or imprisoned, BRP Bombardier 39 or stripped of his rights or possessions, or de- is good and humane with the world. CRAFM 29 The attacks were the acts of those who prived of his standing in any other way, except subscribe to a narrow-minded view of life, by the law of the land, nor that we proceed with CSI Forensics 45 liberty, and faith, and one that symbolizes the force against him, or send others to do so. To Calgary Police Service 45 failure of an ideological pursuit which can- no one will we sell, to no one deny or delay Canadian Ammunition Disposal 19 not survive the egalitarian, pluralistic values the right to justice. which civilized peoples around the world Ours is a civilization built on the struggle Commissionaires 41 of justice over tyranny, on the inalienable hold supreme. Cornerstone Mediation 45 The attack is a confirmation of our values rights of all citizens, on values that cannot be of tolerance and law, the supremacy of civi- debased by tyranny; a world wherein all people Dalhousie University 7, 28 lized society, over those who would suppress can have before their eyes the foundations EMebKo Enterprises 8 of their liberty and their welfare. We are the those who are weak, vulnerable, or different. FCPO 43 They abhor our love for diversity, tolerance, defenders of all that is noble, just and humane. generosity to others and love for humanity. We will forever remain joined and committed Fiat Chrysler 48 They would kill, maim, rape, enslave, and in the liberty, equality and fraternity with the Fisher Space Pen 45 citizens of France and all peoples of the world. destroy their own fellow citizens, annihilate Ford Fleet 4 art, museums, literature, and devastate the We will never, in any way, compromise nobility of a civilization that has so much to our values to extremism. Rather we will re- Georgian College 39 main focused upon our pursuit and defence be proud of. Gray Jay Leather 28 These are not the men of faith or courage. of a peaceful world. A world in which all are Humber College 42 These are the children of hate, the offspring equal and all stand shoulder to shoulder against of intolerance, and only capable of delivering anyone who would inflict pain on humanity Investors Group – Shaun Muldoon 45 anywhere. Our societal values will prevail. fear and animosity. Their intolerance extends MD Charlton Co 2 to everyone, even amongst themselves, and A heartfelt salute from all of us in Ca- is not capable of sustaining even the limited nadian security services to our comrades Mitsubishi 30 diversity they, for the moment, share with their in France. Pride in Service 45 malevolent recruits from around the world. Priority Dispatch 15 Their predisposition to ‘otherize’ anyone dif- Anil Anand, BPHE, LL.M., MBA, is an Inspector with the ferent from themselves is the very thing that Toronto Police Service with a background in international Provix Inc 30 will destroy them and any vestige of their dispute resolution and crime and business analysis. He may be reached by email at [email protected]. Savage Range Systems 28 values as part of the human family. Serving With Pride 13 Simon Fraser University 29 Smith & Wesson 47 Sportmeds Inc 40 Summit Canada Distributors 28 Target Sports 45 Teel Technologies 8 TPS Museum & Gift Shop 45 Travers Communications 45 Triform 29, 37 Underwater Kinetics Canada 27 University of Guelph 13 William Scully 45 Wolverine Worldwide, Bates 9

FEBRUARY 2016 46 BLUE LINE MAGAZINE BLUE LINE MAGAZINE 47 FEBRUARY 2016 FEBRUARY 2016 48 BLUE LINE MAGAZINE