Review of Food and Agricultural Policies in Uganda 2005-2011
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MONITORING AFRICAN FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL POLICIES (MAFAP) REVIEW OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL POLICIES IN UGANDA 2005-2011 COUNTRY REPORT FEBRUARY 2013 MONITORING AFRICAN FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL POLICIES (MAFAP) REVIEW OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL POLICIES IN UGANDA 2005-2011 COUNTRY REPORT FEBRUARY 2013 (DRAFT FOR COMMENTS) Food and Agriculture Organization of the Unided Nations Review of Food and Agricultural Policies in Uganda 2005-2011 - Country Report Suggested citation: MAFAP (2013). Review of food and agricultural policies in Uganda. MAFAP Country Report Series, FAO, Rome, Italy. © FAO 2013 FAO encourages the use, reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product. 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FAO information products are available on the FAO website (www.fao.org/publications) and can be purchased through publications- sales@fao.org. 2 Monitoring African Food and Agricultural Policies (MAFAP) Review of Food and Agricultural Policies in Uganda 2005-2011 - Country Report TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................... 3 LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................................................ 6 LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................................... 8 ACRONYMS ............................................................................................................................................ 11 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ......................................................................................................................... 13 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY........................................................................................................................... 15 Key messages ................................................................................................................................... 15 Main Findings ................................................................................................................................... 17 Part 1. Context of food security and agricultural policies ..................................................................... 27 Uganda in brief ................................................................................................................................. 27 Geographical context ....................................................................................................................... 32 Socio-economic aspects ................................................................................................................... 34 Macro-economic performance ..................................................................................................... 34 Performance of the agricultural sector and rural development .................................................. 36 International trade .......................................................................................................................... 44 Major constraints to production ..................................................................................................... 45 Agriculture and the environment ................................................................................................... 52 Other development indicators ........................................................................................................ 54 Population ..................................................................................................................................... 54 Poverty, inequality and employment ............................................................................................. 55 Review of the main food and agricultural policies ........................................................................ 67 Key strategies and government priorities of agricultural and rural development ....................... 67 Overarching national policies ........................................................................................................ 67 Main strategies and government priorities for agricultural and rural development.................... 71 Agriculture sector budget process ................................................................................................ 73 Part 2: The effects of agricultural and food policies, public expenditure and aid ................................ 83 Incentives, disincentives and market development gaps ............................................................. 84 Abstract ......................................................................................................................................... 84 Product selection ........................................................................................................................... 84 Methodology highlights ................................................................................................................ 86 Leading indicators of the MAFAP project ...................................................................................... 91 Data requirements and Source ..................................................................................................... 91 Caveats and limitations ................................................................................................................. 94 Monitoring African Food and Agricultural Policies (MAFAP) 3 Review of Food and Agricultural Policies in Uganda 2005-2011 - Country Report MAFAP project indicators of incentives and disincentives ........................................................... 95 The agricultural sector indicators .................................................................................................. 97 Major imports ................................................................................................................................ 99 Major exports .............................................................................................................................. 108 Conclusions .................................................................................................................................. 139 Product-specific conclusions ....................................................................................................... 139 Public expenditure and analysis ................................................................................................... 144 Abstract ....................................................................................................................................... 144 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 144 General trends in Uganda’s public expenditure in support of agriculture ................................. 145 Composition of public spending in support of food and agriculture development .................... 147 Role of aid in public spending on agriculture in Uganda ............................................................. 155 Conclusions .................................................................................................................................. 157 Coherence between incentives and government spending ........................................................ 159 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 159 The Government of Uganda's main policy strategies ................................................................. 159 Conclusions .................................................................................................................................. 170 Part 3: Institutional constraints to agriculture development in Uganda ............................................ 173 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 173 Main features of the reforms of the agricultural sector in Uganda ............................................ 173 Institutional constraints to agricultural production in Uganda ................................................. 175 Conclusion ...................................................................................................................................... 178 Part 4. Conclusions .............................................................................................................................. 181 Key Messages ................................................................................................................................. 181 Incentives, Disincentives and Market Development Gaps.......................................................... 181 Functioning of the value chains ...................................................................................................