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Decapoda: Dendrobranchiata: Sergestidae): Taxonomy and Distribution Alexander L

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Decapoda: Dendrobranchiata: Sergestidae): Taxonomy and Distribution Alexander L REVISION OF THE GENUS SERGIA (DECAPODA: DENDROBRANCHIATA: SERGESTIDAE): TAXONOMY AND DISTRIBUTION ALEXANDER L. VERESHCHAKA P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences Nakhimovsky Pr. 36, Moscow 11 7851,Russia E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Extensive Danish collections of sergestid shrimp (8 species), and S. lucens (2 species). Each species taken during the "Dana I" (1920-22), "Dana 11" group is diagnosed. Division is based upon struc- (1928-30), and "Galathea" (1950-52) Expeditions ture, position and number of photophores; develop- have been examined. These samples comprise a ment of hepatic tuberclelspine; prominence of ocu- total of 7,910 specimens: 4,497 females, 3,018 lar papilla; articulation of first maxilliped endopod; males and 395 juveniles. Additional material (244 form of posterior branchial lobe on somite XII; specimens) from Dr. Th. Mortensen's expeditions, structure of petasma (development and armature of "Atlantide", "Tenyo-Maru", and Russian expedi- processus ventralis; presence of lobus inermis and tions has been used to describe several additional lobus arrnatus; presence, division and twisting of species known from local areas; in all, over 8,150 lobus terminalis and lobus connectens). specimens have been examined. All 28 hitherto All species are described in a uniform manner known valid species and 6 new species of the genus with special attention paid to the petasma and pho- (Sergia kensleyi, S. burukovskii, S. vityazi, S. jeppe- tophore pattern; numerous morphometric charac- seni, S. oksanae and S. crosnieri) are considered, ters are given. The description of each species is and the taxonomic position of one species under provided with a synonymy, list of material, species description by another author is indicated. diagnosis and remarks treating synonymy confu- The history of the genus is briefly reviewed; sion and interspecific morphological affinities and morphology, development, and taxonomy are con- differences; data on geographical distribution and a sidered. Keys to species groups and species within brief record of vertical range and the species' mode each species group are given. Five species are of life are given. Illustrations of lateral carapace newly transferred to the genus Sergia: Sergestes view, scaphocerite, uropods, petasma, male clasp- inous, S. phorcus, S. plumeus, S. challengeri, and S. ing organ and distribution maps are given for each stellatus; and Sergestes profundus is newly referred species; figures of other characters are provided if to synonymy with S. japonicus. appropriate. The genus Sergia is divided into 9 species groups Dr. K. Stephensen's watercolours, made during or isolated species: S. tenuiremis (only species), S. the "Dana I" Expedition, are herein reproduced in inoa (only species), S. japonica (2 species), S. gar- colour for the first time. Scanning electron pho- dineri (5 species), S. phorca (9 species), S. robusta tomicrographs of male copulatory organs are pro- (4 species), S. prehensilis (2 species), S. challengeri vided for several species. CONTENTS Introduction ...................................................... 70 Sergia maxima (Burkenroad. 1940) .......... 131 Materials and Methods ..................................... 72 Sergia phorca (Faxon. 1893). n. comb.... 133 Material studied ........................................ 72 Sergia plumea (Illig. 1927). n . comb....... 136 Abbreviations ............................................ 73 Sergia potens (Burkenroad. 1940) ............ 139 Measurements ........................................ 75 Sergia wolfJi Vereshchaka. 1994 ............... 142 History of the genus Sergia .............................. 76 Sergia robusta species group ............................ 144 Development ..................................................... 77 Key to species of the Sergia robusta species Taxonomy ......................................................... 78 group ................................................................. 144 Summary of the sergestid genera ............. 78 Sergia extenuata (Burkenroad. 1940) ....... 145 Synonymy and diagnosis .......................... 78 Sergia regalis (Gordon. 1939) .................. 149 Genus Sergia Stimpson. 1860 ............... 78 Sergia robusta (Smith. 1882) .................... 153 Generic morphology ................................. 79 Sergia vityazi n . sp................................... 157 Generic taxonomy ..................................... 81 Sergia prehensilis species group ...................... 159 Key to species groups and isolated species of Key to species of the Sergia prehensilis species Sergia ................................................................. 83 group ................................................................. 159 Sergia tenuiremis (isolated species) ......... 84 Sergia prehensilis (Bate. 1881) ................ 160 Sergia tenuiremis (Krgyer. 1855) .......... 84 Sergia scintillans (Burkenroad. 1940) ...... 164 Sergia inoa (isolated species) ................... 88 Sergia challengeri species group ..................... 167 Sergia inoa (Faxon. 1893). n . comb..... 88 Key to species of the Sergia challengeri species Sergia japonica species group .......................... 90 group ................................................................. 167 Key to species of the Sergia japonica species Sergia challengeri (Hansen. 1903). group ................................................................. 91 n . comb...................................................... 169 Sergia japonica (Bate. 1881) .................... 91 Sergia fulgens (Hansen. 19199 .................. 172 Sergia laminata (Burkenroad. 1940) ........ 95 Sergia hansjacobi Vereshchaka. 1994 ...... 176 Sergia gardineri species group ......................... 98 Sergia jeppeseni n . sp............................... 179 Key to species of the Sergia gardineri Sergia oksanae n . sp................................. 182 species group ............................................ 98 Sergia stellata (Burkenroad. 1940). Sergia bigemmea (Burkenroad. 1940) ...... 99 n. comb...................................................... 185 Sergia gardineri (Kemp. 1913) .................. 102 Sergia talismani (Barnard. 1946) ............. 188 Sergia inequalis (Burkenroad. 1940) ........ 106 Sergia umitakae Hashizume & Omori. Sergia kensleyi n . sp................................. 110 1995 ........................................................... 192 Sergia splendens (Sund. 1920) ................. 1 12 Sergia lucens species group ............................. 195 Sergia phorca species group ............................ 116 Key to species of the Sergia lucens species Key to species of the Sergia phorca species group .................................................................. 195 group ......................................................... 1 16 Sergia crosnieri n . sp ................................ 196 Sergia bisulcata (Wood-Mason in Wood- Sergia lucens (Hansen. 1922) ................... 199 Sergia burukovskii n . sp ........................... 121 Acknowledgements ........................................ 201 Sergia filicta (Burkenroad. 1940) ............. 124 References ....................................................... 203 Sergia grandis (Sund. 1920) ..................... 127 INTRODUCTION Numerous obstacles encountered when I tried to revised . This monograph was initially proposed by identify specimens of one of the most abundant and members of the Johannes Schmidt Foundation. Drs . regularly sampled group of shrimps. the family Erlk Bertelsen. Jgrgen Nielsen. and Torben Wolff. Sergestidae. especially the genera Sergia and as a full redescription of Burkenroad's types . A Sergestes. suggested that the group needed to be closer examination of the material has revealed the necessity of complete examination of the "Dana" examination of the same collections presented here material, because the type specimens seem to have has resulted in the erection of several additional been simply picked at random from the collection; new species and synonymization of some described many new species and specimens of the species ones, because a more complete systematic analysis described by Burkenroad remained unnoticed. has become possible, and a more mature picture of Therefore, when the late Dr. Bertelsen and Dr. the group taxonomy could be obtained. Nielsen suggested examining the extensive Danish As the genus Sergia Stimpson, 1860 comprises "Dana" collections and Dr. Wolff, former curator of almost one half of the sergestid species, I decided to Cmstacea, confirmed the possibility of such long- begin studies on the sergestids with this genus. The term studies, I was glad for the opportunity to begin work was split into two stages: (1) studies on the this work. During several visits to the Zoological morphology, systematics (with the description of Museum, University of Copenhagen (ZMUC) over new species), geographical and vertical distribu- 5 years, I studied the main part of the collections tion, and biology of the North Atlantic and and prepared this monograph, which is just about Caribbean species based on the material collected half of the total work, as revision of the genus by the "Dana I" North Atlantic Expeditions in Sergestes, equal to Sergia in size, has yet to be com- 1920-22, and (2) studies on the world fauna of the pleted. Sergestes is characterised by the presence of genus Sergia with the emphasis on the taxonomy, the organs of Pesta,
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