Cayucos Creek – Whale Rock Area Watershed

Hydrologic Water Acreage Flows to Groundwater Jurisdictions Unit Name Planning Basin(s) Area Cayucos 54,974 Pacific Ocean / Cayucos Valley, County of San Luis Obispo, 10 WPA 3 acres Estero Bay Old Valley, Cayucos, Morro Bay (ptn) Toro Valley & Los Padres National Forest Morro Valley

Description:

The Cayucos Creek – Whale Rock Area Watershed lies within the southern portion of the Coast Range. The watershed is bounded to the west by Pacific Ocean and the east by the Santa Lucia Mountain Range. Consistent with the CalWater HUC 10 grouping scale, the watershed area contains four major drainages that independently reach the Pacific Ocean: Cayucos Creek, Old Creek, Toro Creek and , the latter of which borders and shares some attributes with the Morro Bay watershed. The headwaters of the watershed are in , reaching a maximum elevation of approximately 2,345 feet with the lowest elevation at around at sea level, draining in to the Pacific Ocean. Whale Rock reservoir is located in the watershed approximately ½ mile east of the community of Cayucos. The dominant land use in the watershed is Agriculture with the sea side town of Cayucos providing an urban core area with tourist oriented opportunities.

Existing Watershed Plans:

None to date

Watershed Management Plan Phase 1 Cayucos Creek-Whale Rock Area Watershed, Section 3.2.2.3, Page 38

Cayucos Creek – Whale Rock Area Watershed

Characteristics:

Physical Setting

Rainfall Average Annual: 16 in (coast) - 32 in. (mountains) (NRCS shapefile, 2010)

Air Temperature Summer Range (August 1990-2012): 54°-67°F Winter Range (December 1990-2012): 43°-62°F (Morro Bay, outside of watershed, NOAA National Climatic Data Center, viewed 2013) Geology Cayucos Creek and Cottontail Creek are steep Franciscan non-infiltrative Description headwaters with flat pre-Quaternary moderate infiltrative valleys.

Torro Creek sub-watershed is steep Franciscan non-infiltrative.

Old Creek is moderately steep to steep pre-Quaternary non-infiltrative material.

The Morro Creek sub watershed consists of steep pre-Quaternary non- infiltrative headwaters and a flat Franciscan low infiltrative valley.

Whale Rock Reservoir is composed of flat Franciscan low infiltrative valley (Bell, pers. comm., 2013).

Groundwater is found in Pleistocene and Holocene alluvium and terrace deposits. The specific yield is estimated at 15 percent. Alluvium consists of unconsolidated sand, clay, silt, and gravel. The deposits are often about 100 feet thick near the center of the valley and more than 120 feet thick at the coast. Stream-terrace deposits are primarily unconsolidated deposits of marine origin. They are generally less than 10 feet thick. (Chipping, 1987) Hydrology

Stream Gage Yes; USGS 11142100 (Toro Creek at Toro Creek Road, viewed August 2013) Yes, Morro Creek installed in 1970. (SLO County Water) Hydrology Models None to date.

Peak Flow 4,600 cfs, Jan. 1973 (USGS, 1970-78, viewed August 2013)

Base Flow 5.74 cfs (USGS, 1970-78, viewed August 2013)

Flood Reports Yes, SLO County Flood Control and Water Conservation District, 2009

Flood Control Bridges: 3 over Toro Creek on Toro Creek Road; 2 over Old Creek on Santa Structures Rita Road and Cabrillo Street; 1 over Cottontail Creek on Cottontail Creek Road; 1 over Willow Creek on Ocean Boulevard; 4 over Cayucos Creek on Ocean Avenue, Cayucos Creek Road and Picachio Drive (2); 1 over Little Cayucos Creek on Ash Street (PWD Bridges GIS Layer)

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Pipelines; levees; pump station; stormdrain; inlets; outfall structures; diversion pipe (SLO County Flood Control and Water Conservation District, 2009). Areas of Flood Toro, Old, Cayucos, Little Cayucos Creeks are flood-prone natural drainage Risk courses that should be maintained in their natural state to protect native vegetation and wildlife habitats.

A lack of suitable conveyance facilities for stormwater runoff has led to frequent flooding problems in the coastal community of Cayucos, including serious flooding adjacent to Cayucos Creek. (SLO County Flood Control and Water Conservation District, 2009)

Serious flooding occurs in the floodplain of Cayucos Creek west of HWY 1, bounded by the mobile home park to the North and Cayucos Drive to the South: Flooding occurs during storm events due to flows overtopping Cayucos Creek, west of highway 1, creating inability for local drainage to enter creek and dissipate. (SLO County Flood Control and Water Conservation District, 2009) Biological Setting

Vegetation Cover Primarily non-native annual grassland with coast live oak woodland, coastal scrub consisting mainly of chamise and California sagebrush, some mixed evergreen forest, and coastal dune. (SLO County vegetation shapefile, 1990)

Many drainages are partially lined with willow riparian scrub near the coast.

Data limited by age of shapefile Invasive Species No data available

Special Status Key: FE - Federal endangered, FT - Federal threatened, SE - State Wildlife and Plants endangered, ST - State threatened, SSC - State Species of Special Concern; FP- Fully Protected, SA – Special Animal, CRPR – CA rare plant rank (CNDDB, viewed August, 2013)

Locations listed refer to USGS 7.5’ quadrangle names. Only the portion overlapping the watershed boundary was considered.

Data limited to observations, not complete inventory

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Cayucos Creek – Whale Rock Area Watershed

IN

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BLANCAS

Common Name Status

BURNETT PEAK BURNETT MOUNTAIN BURRO LIME MTN SHUT PEBBLESTONE PIEDRAS SIMEON SAN Animals California red- FT x x x x legged frog SA ferruginous hawk x (Wintering) foothill yellow- SSC x legged frog fringed myotis SA x long-legged SA x myotis monarch butterfly SA x x x x pallid bat SSC x prairie falcon SA (Nesting) x x x steelhead - south/central FT x x x California coast DPS tidewater goby FE x x Townsend's big- SSC x x eared bat tufted puffin SSC x two-striped garter SSC x x snake western pond SSC x x x turtle Plants SR; CRPR adobe sanicle x 1B.1 Arroyo de la Cruz CRPR 1B.2 x x x manzanita Arroyo de la Cruz CRPR 1B.2 x mariposa-lily bristlecone fir CRPR 1B.3 x x Cambria morning- CRPR 4.2 x glory Carmel Valley CRPR 1B.2 x bush-mallow

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Cayucos Creek – Whale Rock Area Watershed

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Common Name Status

BURNETT PEAK BURNETT MOUNTAIN BURRO LIME MTN SHUT PEBBLESTONE BLANCAS PIEDRAS SIMEON SAN Chorro Creek bog FE; SE; x thistle CRPR 1B.2 compact CRPR 1B.2 x x cobwebby thistle Cook's triteleia CRPR 1B.3 x x Dudley's SR; CRPR x x lousewort 1B.2 SR; CRPR dwarf goldenstar x 1B.2 Hardham's CRPR 1B.3 x x x bedstraw Hearsts' SR; CRPR x x ceanothus 1B.2 Hearsts' SE; CRPR x x manzanita 1B.2 Hickman's onion CRPR 1B.2 x x late-flowered CRPR 1B.2 x mariposa-lily maritime SR; CRPR x x ceanothus 1B.2 marsh microseris CRPR 1B.2 x Monterey pine CRPR 1B.1 x Monterey FT; CRPR x spineflower 1B.2 most beautiful CRPR 1B.2 x x x x jewel-flower Palmer's CRPR 1B.2 x x monardella perennial CRPR 1B.2 x goldfields pink Johnny-nip CRPR 1B.1 x San Luis mariposa- CRPR 1B.2 x lily San Luis Obispo CRPR 1B.2 x x owl's-clover San Luis Obispo CRPR 1B.2 x x x x sedge

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Cayucos Creek – Whale Rock Area Watershed

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Common Name Status

BURNETT PEAK BURNETT MOUNTAIN BURRO LIME MTN SHUT PEBBLESTONE BLANCAS PIEDRAS SIMEON SAN San Simeon CRPR 1B.2 x x baccharis Santa Lucia bush- CRPR 1B.2 x mallow Toro manzanita CRPR 1B.2 x woodland CRPR 1B.2 x x woollythreads

Steelhead Streams Yes; Cayucos Creek, Old Creek, Cottontail Creek, Toro Creek, Morro Creek (Carollo, 2012). Stream Habitat Yes; USFW, 1994 Inventory Data limited by age of study Fish Passage Morro Creek: Crossing at Morro Creek Ranch, Cerro Alto Campground on Barriers Highway 41, Highway 41 culvert, Dam, Natural bedrock falls (National Marine Fisheries Service, 2007).

Old Creek: Whale Rock Dam/Reservoir very close to mouth (National Marine Fisheries Service, 2007).

Toro Creek: Toro Creek Rd.-2 barriers coming from Highway 41 side, Flashboard dams-1 on Borg property on Highway 41 side, 1 location unknown (National Marine Fisheries Service, 2007) Designated Critical Yes; Steelhead Trout; California red-legged frog (USFWS Critical Habitat Habitat Portal, 2013) Habitat Yes; Morro Bay Estuary Comprehensive Conservation and Management Conservation Plan, Chorro and Morro Groundwater Basin Management Plan Plans Other San Luis Obispo Coastal Zone, Cayucos Beach, Cayucos State Beach, Critical Environmental Coastal Area, Whale Rock Reservoir (SLO County Flood Control and Water Resources Conservation District, 2007) Land Use

Jurisdictions and County of San Luis Obispo, Town of Cayucos, Portion of Morro Bay Local Communities % Urbanized 6% (3% in City of Morro Bay, 0.8% in City of Atascadero city limits, 0.04% Cayucos Commercial, 0.03% Public Facilities, 2.5% Residential) (SLO County LUC)

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% Agricultural 68% Agriculture (row crops, vineyards, orchards and rangeland) (SLO County LUC) % Other 26% (11% open space - Coastal and surrounding Whale Rock Reservoir, 1.6% Recreation - beaches, , whale rock reservoir, Cerro Alto campground, 13% rural lands) (SLO County LUC) Planning Areas Adelaida, Estero, Salinas River Planning Areas

Potential growth Cayucos areas Facilities Present Whale Rock Reservoir, Cayucos Area Water Organization; Cayucos Water Treatment Plant (Whale Rock Reservoir water treatment) Commercial Uses Industrial facilities: (Whale Rock Pit -Negranti Construction, Guerra Quarry - Weyrick Companies, Standard Oil Company Tank Farm, Chevron); agriculture; tourism; retail outlets; hotels; restaurants; fishing Demographics

Population 9,795 in watershed 2,592 in the community of Cayucos (U.S. Census, 2010). Race and Ethnicity Caucasian, representing 81.3%. Latinos represent 13% in City. Mixed Race representing 2%. The remaining races each represent less than 3%, including African American (0.3%), American Indian (0.6%), Pacific Islander (0.1%), and Asian (2.4%) (U.S. Census Blocks, 2010).

Cayucos: Caucasian, representing 91.3%. Asians representing 2.1%. Mixed Race representing 2.4%. The remaining races each represent less than including African American (0.2%), American Indian and Alaska Native (0.5%), Pacific Islander (0.3%). (US Census, 2010) Income MHI $49,312 in watershed (U.S. Census Tracts, 2010) MHI $59,130 in Cayucos (US Census, 2010) Disadvantaged No; 18.3% of individuals are below poverty level in watershed (U.S. Census Communities Tract, 2010). 11% of individuals are below poverty level in Cayucos (US Census, 2010) Water Supply

Water Yes; Cayucos Area Water Organization, which consists of San Luis Obispo Management County Services 10A (Southern Cayucos), Paso Robles Beach Water Entities Association, the Cayucos Cemetery District and Morro Rock Mutual Water Company (Boyle, 2007) Groundwater Yes; Alluvial; Cayucos Valley, Old Valley, Toro Valley & Morro Valley Basins

Cayucos Area Water Organization well located in Old Valley Creek – downstream from Whale Rock Reservoir. Surface Water Yes; Whale Rock Reservoir (San Luis Obispo 22,283 AFY, Cal Poly 13,707 AFY, California Men’s Colony 4,570 AFY, Paso Robles Beach Water Association 222 AFY, County Service Area 10A 190 AFY, Cayucos-Morro Bay Cemetery District 18 AFY, Mainini Ranch 50 AFY, Ogle 14 AFY) (SLOCountyWater.org)

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Imported Water Yes; agreements with City of SLO for transfer of 25 to 90 AFY from Nacimiento Water Project (Carollo, 2012) Recycled / None Desalinated Water Key groundwater No data on key areas identified percolation area(s) Basin recharge comes primarily from seepage of surface flows in creeks, deep percolation of precipitation, and residential/agricultural return flows. Old Valley basin recharge is augmented by dam underflow and seepage from reservoir releases. (Carollo, 2012) Water budget None to date

Water Uses

Beneficial Uses Cayucos Creek - Municipal and Domestic Supply (MUN), Agricultural Supply (AGR), Ground Water Recharge (GWR), Water Contact Recreation (REC-1), Non-Contact Water Recreation (REC-2), Wildlife Habitat (WILD), Cold Fresh Water Habitat (COLD), Warm Freshwater habitat (WARM), Migration of Aquatic Organisms (MIGR), Spawning, Reproduction, and/or Early Development (SPWN), Preservation of Biological Habitats of Special Significance (BIOL), Threatened, or Endangered Species (RARE), Estuarine Habitat (EST), Freshwater Replenishment (FRESH), and Commercial and Sport Fishing (COMM). Morro Creek – Municipal and Domestic Supply (MUN), Agricultural Supply (AGR), Ground Water Recharge (GWR), Freshwater Replenishment (FRSH), Water Contact Recreation (REC-1), Non-Contact Water Recreation (REC-2), Commercial and Sport Fishing (COMM), Warm Fresh Water Habitat (WARM), Cold Fresh Water Habitat (COLD) , Wildlife Habitat (WILD), Rare, Threatened, or Endangered Species (RARE), Migration of Aquatic Organisms (MIGR), Spawning, Reproduction, and/or Early Development (SPWN) (CCRWQCB, 2011)

Other Unique Characteristics

Whale Rock Reservoir Whale Rock Reservoir is located on Old Creek Road approximately one-half mile east of the community of Cayucos. The project was planned, designed, and constructed under the supervision of the State Department of Water Resources. Construction took place between October 1958 and April 1961. The reservoir is jointly owned by the City of San Luis Obispo (55.05%), the California Men's Colony (CMC) (11.24%), and Cal Poly (33.71%). These three agencies, with the addition of a representative from the Department of Water Resources, form the Whale Rock Commission, which is responsible for operational policy and administration of the reservoir and related facilities. Day-to-day operation is provided by the City of San Luis Obispo.

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In April 1996, the downstream water rights agreement was amended and replaced with a new agreement, establishing water entitlements for adjacent and downstream water users. The downstream water users (Cayucos Area Water Organization or CAWO) affected by this agreement consist of three public water purveyors and the cemetery, plus two other rural/agricultural users, all in the Cayucos area. These agencies are the Paso Robles Beach Water Association, Morro Rock Mutual Water Company, County Service Area 10A, and Cayucos-Morro Bay Cemetery District. Historical Resources Captain James Cass House (222 Ocean Ave., Cayucos); Cayucos Pier (PLN_DES_HISTORIC_POINTS GIS Layer) Los Padres National Park Provides a diverse wildlife habitat with 23 threatened and endangered animals. The Forest has one endangered plant, two threatened plant species and 71 sensitive plant species. Management of riparian vegetation focuses on supporting fish and wildlife populations. There are over 870,000 acres of livestock grazing allotments in the Forest. Prehistoric and historic Native American sites, properties related to the practice of Indian and non-Indian religion, historic properties and districts are also in the Park. The Big Sur Coast is on of the outstanding features of the Los Padres National Forest. Several popular recreation facilities along the coast that attract visitors year-round. Land acquisitions in this area from 1992 to the present included a total of almost 9,300 acres. The Forest acquired the 1,226-acre Brazil Ranch in the Bixby Creek through a partnership with the Trust for Public Land. San Luis Obispo Coastal Spanning 118 miles of coastline with numerous wide sandy beaches, Zone sheltered bays, and vista pints offering scenic views of the Pacific Ocean. - The coastal zone of San Luis Obispo County is known throughout the state for its beauty and diversity. The north coast is characterized by the rugged headlands to Big Sur. The rocky shoreline along the Hearst Ranch is highly valued for offshore views of marine mammals as well as scenic cliffs and rocky points. The beach, sandspit, and extensive wetlands of Morro Bay form a unique setting for wetland habitat study. Cayucos State Beach Park operated by the State of California. Known for its fishing pier, beautiful beach and historical buildings. Buildings left over from the prospering old town still stand as a variety of shops such as restaurants, antique stores, and specialty items. The sandy beach offers mild weather, watersports such as surfing and swimming and tidepooling. There are picnic tables, play equipment, restrooms, and outside showers available. The pier is lit for night fishing. Hardie Park, Norma Rose Group Day-Use facilities operated by the County of San Luis Obispo. Park (undeveloped), Paul Andrew Park

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Climate Change Considerations

See IRWMP, 2014 Section H, Climate Change

Data is general for County, not Watershed specific

Watershed Codes

CalWater / HA Hydrologic HSA Hydrologic SWRCB CDF Super CDF DWR Number Area Name Sub-Area Number Planning Watershed Name Name 3310.160000 - Cambria - Cayucos 3310.16 Unidentified Cayucos Creek 3310.170001 1 Cambria 7 Old 3310.17 Undefined Cottontail Creek 3310.170002 1 Cambria 7 Old 3310.17 Undefined Whale Rock Reservoir 3310.170003 1 Cambria 7 Old 3310.17 Undefined Old Creek 3310.180000 8 Cambria 1 Toro 3310.18 Unidentified Toro Creek

Major Changes in the Watershed

 Prehistorically the local area was inhabited by the , who settled the coastal San Luis Obispo area approximately 10,000 to 11,000 BC, including a large village to the South of Cayucos at Morro Creek (Cayucos by the Sea).  Captain James Cass left his New England home, sailed around the Horn and settled in Cayucos in 1867 on 320 acres of the original Rancho Moro Y Cayucos Spanish Land Grant of 8,845 acres. He realized the future possibilities of the excellent location as a shipping port of cheese, hides, beef and fresh water (Cayucos by the Sea).

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 The Cayucos pier was constructed by Captain James Cass, the founder of Cayucos, in 1872 and was rebuilt and lengthened to 982 feet into deeper water in 1876. The pier was an immediate commercial success with steamships from Los Angeles and San Francisco docking several times per week. The severe drought of the late 1890's weakened Cayucos economically. And while in 1915 the pier received an economic boost when an abalone canning plant was built about half way out, it became less commercially viable through the early 1900's (Cayucos Pier Project).  Pier became state property in 1920 and over the next 30 years once again became central to the economic health of the community. As residents of the San Joaquin Valley discovered Cayucos and its Mediterranean climate the pier became very popular with sport fishermen and has remained popular for generations. Anglers young and old have caught a wide variety of fish including: red snapper, smelt, sea trout, halibut, salmon, rock fish, perch, shark and rays. For those who wanted larger catches and bigger fish, in the 1940's, 50's & 60's party boats used Cayucos as a fair-weather anchorage every summer. They took their customers deep water fishing north of Cayucos, loading and unloading fishermen from the pier (Cayucos Pier Project).

Watershed Health by Major Tributary Tributary Name Ephemeral / 303d Listed/ Pollution Sources Environmental Perennial TMDLs NP (non-point) Flows MP (Major Point)

Cayucos Creek* Undetermined Enterococcus Agriculture Lower: Spring: 0.82 cfs. Summer: 0.32 cfs.

Cottontail Creek Undetermined Not assessed Undetermined Not assessed

Old Creek* Undetermined Not assessed Undetermined Lower: Spring: 1.31 cfs. Summer: 0.45 cfs Upper: Spring: 0.83 cfs. Summer 0.33 cfs.

Toro Creek* Undetermined Fecal Coliform , Industrial Lower: Low Dissolved Activities (Oil), Spring: 1.01 cfs Oxygen Natural Sources, Summer: 0.37 cfs Agriculture

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Morro Creek* Undetermined No Undetermined See instream flow study (Appendix C)

Whale Rock n/a n/a n/a Reservoir

* Indicates independent drainage to the Pacific Ocean

Watershed Health by Major Groundwater Basin

Groundwater Estimated Safe Water Availability Drinking Water Water Quality Basin Yield (Carollo, Constraints Standard Objective 2012) (Carollo, 2012) Exceedance Exceedance(CCRWQB, 2011) Cayucos Valley 600 AF Physical *Yes; see No for basin. No limitations and description information for sub- water quality below. basin issues. The shallow alluvial deposits are typically more susceptible to drought impacts Old Valley 505 AF Physical **Yes; see No for basin. No limitations, water description information for sub- rights and below. basin environmental considerations Toro Valley 532 AF Physical None No limitations, water quality

Morro Valley 1500 AFY Physical ***Yes; see limitations, water description quality issues, and below. water rights

Groundwater Quality Description: Toro Valley: Total dissolved solids (TDS) typically range between 400 to 700 mg/L. In the lower basin near Highway 1, petroleum hydrocarbon contamination associated with

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Chevron marine tracker terminal has been detected in groundwater and remedial activities are ongoing (Carollo, 2012).

*Analysis of groundwater from 32 wells in this basin taken during 1957 through 1993 show TDS content ranging from 346 to 2,462 ppm. Portions of the basin have chloride levels exceeding 100 ppm, indicating seawater intrusion has occurred (Carollo, 2012).

**Analyses of groundwater from 33 wells in this basin taken during 1957 through 1993 show TDS content ranging from 346 to 2,462 ppm. Portions have chloride levels exceeding 100 mg/L. (Carollo, 2012).

*** In the mid-1980’s TDS concentrations in groundwater downstream of the narrows near Highway 1 began to exceed 1,000 mg/l seasonally due to sea water intrusion. Measured in 2007, basin TDS concentrations were typically between 400 and 800 mg/l and increasing toward the coast, except for an area beneath agricultural fields in the lower valley where TDS concentrations reached 1000 mg/l, and nitrate concentrations reached 220 mg/l as nitrate (Cleath & Associates 1993a; 2007).

Critical Issues

Issue Potential Causes Referenced from Treat to lagoon Channelization, pollution National Marine Fisheries Service, 2007 Loss of riparian width Agriculture National Marine Fisheries Service, 2007 Lack of enforcement National Marine Fisheries Service, 2007 Water quantity Agricultural and residential National Marine Fisheries extractions Service, 2007 Erosion and Sedimentation National Marine Fisheries Service, 2007 Sea Water Intrusion (Cayucos Carollo, 2012 Valley basin) Nitrates Agriculture Carollo, 2012 Outdated Basin study – Cayucos Carollo, 2012 Valley basin Alluvial water deposits subject to Carollo, 2012 drought impacts Outdated groundwater basin Carollo, 2012 analysis – Toro Valley Cayucos Creek 303(d) listed for Agriculture Carollo, 2012 enterococcus Toro Creek 303(d) listed for fecal Industrial Activities (Oil), Natural Carollo, 2012 coliform and low dissolved Sources, Agriculture oxygen

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Bibliography:

Technical Reports

Bell, Ethan. (2013). Personal Communication.

Boyle Engineering Corporation (2007). 2007 Water Management Plan Update for the Cayucos Area Water Organization. http://www.slocountywater.org/site/County%20Service%20Areas/CSA%2010- 10A/pdf/2007%20Water%20Management%20Plan%20Update,%20Cayucos%20Area%20Water %20Organization.pdf

CAL FIRE/San Luis Obispo County Fire. (2013). Unit Strategic Fire Plan. http://www.calfireslo.org/Documents/Plans/UnitFirePlan/SLU_Unit_Fire_Plan_v13_1_(Complet e).pdf

CAL-FIRE. (2012). California Master Cooperative Wildland Fire Management and Stafford Act Response Agreement Annual Operating Plan – Central Coast Group. http://www.calfireslo.org/Documents/Plans/CCOP/Central%20Coast%20Ops%20Plan%202012% 20-%20Signature%20Page.pdf

California’s Groundwater Bulletin 118 Update 2003 Ca Dept of Water Resources. (October 2003). http://www.water.ca.gov/pubs/groundwater/bulletin_118/california's_groundwater__bulletin_ 118_-_update_2003_/bulletin118_entire.pdf

Carollo. (2012). San Luis Obispo County Master Water Report. http://www.slocountywater.org/site/Frequent%20Downloads/Master%20Water%20Plan/

Cayucos by the Sea (2013). Cayucos History: Last of the California Beach Towns http://www.cayucosbythesea.com/history.html

Cayucos Pier Project (2013). History: Save the Cayucos Pier http://savecayucospier.org/about.htm

Chipping, D. H. (1987). The Geology of San Luis Obispo County: A Brief Description and Guide. Cal Poly Press. San Luis Obispo, CA.

National Marine Fisheries Service. (2007). Arroyo Grande Steelhead Recovery Workshop. http://swr.nmfs.noaa.gov/recovery/ag_notes_0407.pdf

Titus, R. G., D. C. Erman, and W. M. Snider. (2013). History and status of steelhead in California coastal drainages south of San Francisco Bay. In preparation.

San Luis Obispo County. (2003), Adelaida Area Plan. http://www.slocounty.ca.gov/Assets/PL/Area+Plans/Adelaida+Inland+Area+Plan.pdf

Watershed Management Plan Phase 1 Cayucos Creek-Whale Rock Area Watershed, Section 3.2.2.3, Page 51 Cayucos Creek – Whale Rock Area Watershed

San Luis Obispo County. (2006). Parks and Recreation Element of the SLO County General Plan. http://www.slocounty.ca.gov/Assets/PL/Elements/Parks+and+Recreation+Element.pd

San Luis Obispo County. (2009). Estero Area Plan. http://www.slocounty.ca.gov/Assets/PL/Area+Plans/Estero+Area+Plan.pdf

San Luis Obispo County Flood Control and Water Conservation District. (2005). Water Years 2001-02 and 2002-03 Hydrologic Report. http://www.slocountywater.org/site/Water%20Resources/Reports/pdf/Hydrologic%20Report% 202002.pdf

San Luis Obispo County Flood Control and Water Conservation District. (2009). Guide to Implementing Flood Control Projects State of CA Department of Water Resources. http://www.slocountywater.org/site/Hydraulic%20Planning/pdf/Guide%20to%20Implementing %20Flood%20Control%20Projects.pdf

Stillwater Sciences. (2011). Development and Implementation of Hydromodification Control Methodology. Watershed Characterization Part 1: Watershed Characterization Part 1. Precipitation and Landscape. http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/rwqcb3/water_issues/programs/stormwater/docs/lid/hydrom od_lid_docs/watershed_character_part_1.pdf

Storke, Y. A. (1891). A Memorial and Biographical History of the Counties of Santa Barbara, San Luis Obispo, and Ventura, California http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~cagha/history/sanluisobispo/creeks.txt

GIS Layers

Aerial Information Systems. (2008). San Luis Obispo County Vegetation Polygons.

National Hydrography Dataset. (2013). San Luis Obispo County Streams.

San Luis Obispo County Environmental Division. (2013). San Luis Obispo County Mines.

San Luis Obispo County Planning and Building Geographic Technology and Design. (2013). Various GIS shapefiles and layers.

State Water Resources Control Board. (2013). Water Rights/Fully Appropriated Streams.

United States Census Bureau Master Address File/Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing Database. (2013). 2010 Census Tracts.

United States Department of Agriculture. (2013). Soil Survey Geographic Database.

Databases

Watershed Management Plan Phase 1 Cayucos Creek-Whale Rock Area Watershed, Section 3.2.2.3, Page 52 Cayucos Creek – Whale Rock Area Watershed

Department of Fish and Game. (2013). California Natural Diversity Database. http://www.dfg.ca.gov/biogeodata/cnddb/

National Atlas of the United States. (2013). Streamer. http://www.nationalatlas.gov/streamer

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. (2013). National Climatic Data Center. http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/

Surface Water Ambient Monitoring Program. (2013). CalWater 2.2.1 http://swamp.mpsl.mlml.calstate.edu/resources-and-downloads/database-management- systems/swamp-25-database/templates-25/gis-shapefile-layers

U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. (2013). Critical Habitat Portal. http://criticalhabitat.fw.gov/crithab

U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. (2013). National Wetlands Inventory. http://www.fws.gov/wetlands/

U.S. Geological Survey. (2013). California Water Science Center. http://ca.water.usgs.gov/

U.S. Geological Survey. (2013). Protected Areas Database. http://gapanalysis.usgs.gov/padus/

Significant Studies in Progress:

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