DOCSLIB.ORG

Open Abdullah Doctoral Dissertation.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Open Abdullah Doctoral Dissertation.Pdf The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School College of the Liberal Arts TIME AND CRITIQUE IN EARLY HEIDEGGER AND DELEUZE A Dissertation in Philosophy by Ayesha Abdullah © 2015 Ayesha Abdullah Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2015 ii The dissertation of Ayesha Abdullah was reviewed and approved* by the following: Leonard Lawlor Edwin Erle Sparks Professor of Philosophy Dissertation Advisor Chair of Committee Robert Bernasconi Edwin Erle Sparks Professor of Philosophy and African American Studies Claire Colebrook Edwin Erle Spares Professor of English Sarah Clark Miller Associate Professor of Philosophy and Women’s Studies Amy Allen Professor of Philosophy Head of the Department of Philosophy *Signatures are on file in the Graduate School iii Abstract My dissertation is on the influence of Immanuel Kant's notions of finitude and critique on Martin Heidegger, Michel Foucault and Gilles Deleuze’s early works. Heidegger, Foucault and Deleuze, under Nietzsche's influence, determine that finitude and the concept of critique must be reoriented such that it no longer takes traditional ethical and anthropological assumptions as its starting point. Indeed, this necessary reorientation is both Foucault and Deleuze's interpretation of the well-known Nietzschean catch phrase “we must overcome man”. In this dissertation, I contend that Heidegger, Foucault, and Deleuze’s respective ontologies develop or harbor a concept of finitude purposed to furnish a path to a new type of critique, a type of thinking that leaves behind the anthropocentrism of our paradigm. For Heidegger, we must follow the central root of the faculties to their origin in the transcendental faculty of the imagination. It is here that we see the auto-affective emergence of the subject and its temporal horizons. For Foucault, we must maintain the separation between the transcendental and empirical realm and perform a critique of the subject such that it is no longer human, but a historically emerging a priori category. It is after we have let go of the traditional subject that we can finally say we have left the ‘Age of Anthropology’ thereby escaping the ‘Analytic of Finitude’. For Deleuze, whose ontology harbors rather than explicitly develops a concept of finitude, we must realign thought and being. It is after thought and being have been realigned that immanent critique can occur. Ideally such a critique, while occurring from within, is not a critique that reaffirms the self, but reaches what is deformed from the perspective of rational thought and brings what is without assumptions to the fore. Perhaps, then, Deleuze’s ontology – transcendental empiricism – iv holds potential to escape the ‘Analytic of Finitude’ described by Foucault and deeply related to Heidegger’s own philosophical fears. Importantly, various relevant socio-political consequences stem from such an interpretation. These philosophers are not merely concerned with taking up a vague Nietzschean project of overcoming man. What is at stake with moving past anthropology is all that accompanies the overcoming of anthropocentrism. Thus we can say that the overcoming of anthropocentrism is also about identifying the root of racism, sexism, homophobia and other abuses of power. To what kind of finitude has our paradigm been committed? Perhaps thinking finitude faithfully, such that we reach the origin and throw ethical, anthropological, social, and political assumptions aside, leads away from the abuse of power and toward genuinely new thought. While these social and political issues cannot be conflated - their differences obscured - the final merit of the project I will be working on will be to unify what Heidegger, Foucault, and Deleuze’s concept of critique may bring to discourses on these social political problems. In particular, this dissertation is meant to contribute to the newly developing area of Critical Philosophy of Race. It seems to me that the needs of Critical Philosophy of Race fundamentally stems from problems with traditional ethics and, therefore, call for ethical, anthropological, and socio-political reevaluations. My dissertation will tackle exactly how these philosophers mean to perform such reevaluations. Thus, while my dissertation is on the appropriation of the concept of critique in a “traditional” philosophical context, I intend to extend this research beyond the theoretical context to use my own work in building the methods of critique used to understand, discuss, and challenge race, racism and the effects of these concepts. v Table of Contents Introduction: The Relevance of Kantian Critique Today------------------------------1 Chapter 1: Hermeneutical Finitude: Time, Truth, and Critique----------------------23 Chapter 2: Eternal Return as Critical Element-----------------------------------------61 Chapter 3: The Order of Time--------------------------------------------------------------------94 Chapter 4: Disrupting the ‘Analytic of Finitude’ with Deleuzean Ideas-------------------127 Conclusion: Critique, Time, and Critical Philosophy of Race ----------------------------157 Bibliography------------------------------------------------------------------------------------166 1 Introduction: The Relevance of Kantian Critique Statement of the Problem and its Relevance This dissertation is on the influence of Immanuel Kant's developments regarding time and critique on Martin Heidegger and Gilles Deleuze’s early works. The project was born out of Foucault’s explicit critiques of Kant in Introduction to Kant’s Anthropology as well as his The Order of Things. Heidegger, Foucault and Deleuze, under Nietzsche's influence, determine that time and the concept of critique must be reoriented such that it no longer takes traditional ethical and anthropological assumptions as its starting point. Indeed, this necessary reorientation is both Foucault and Deleuze's interpretation of the well-known Nietzschean catch phrase “we must overcome man”. Focusing more closely, the dissertation investigates the concept of temporality and what Heideggerian and Deleuzean temporality can offer the concept of critique today. Insofar as the notion of critique is the cornerstone of any philosophy of truth, a thoroughly developed notion of critique has been one of the most important aspects of every philosopher's corpus, most notably, since Immanuel Kant's Critique of Pure Reason. Today, however, one must wonder whether the concept and act of critique has, in fact, “run out of steam.”1 Indeed, it seems the act of critiquing is often misused and abused. When the United States declares war on terrorism, when Islamic fundamentalists criticize Western values, when Christian fundamentalists criticize marriage equality and abortion, these critics attack with a suspicious specificity. In such cases critique is aimed at whatever target one wants. Put simply, critique often falls into the trap of serving the interests of the critic. It is this concern that Deleuze has at the heart of his reformulation 1 Bruno Latour “Why has Critique Run Out of Steam: From Matters of Fact to Matters of Concern” in Critical Inquiry Vol 30 #2, 25. 2 of the concept of critique. The goal of this dissertation is to interrogate the legacy of Kantian critique in one specific manner. It seems to me that Michel Foucault, Gilles Deleuze, and Martin Heidegger, as influential interpreters of Kant, all emphasize the importance of Kant's focus on temporality to understand access to truth. It is due to Kant's critiques that Heidegger, Foucault, and Deleuze take time as their starting point in their respective projects. Moreover, each takes extreme care in the conception of finitude or temporality to which they devote their projects: fundamental ontology, the archaeology of truth, and transcendental empiricism respectively. This investigation of temporality, of course, ultimately aims at formulating the relationship between time and truth according to each Heidegger and Deleuze. In the Critique of Pure Reason, Kant attempted to confront the problem of the infinite. That is, Kant attempted to secure and stabilize a foundation for truth without recourse to the concept of God. As is well known, Kant's intention was to piece together a path that led neither to dogmatism nor to skepticism – both of which were confounded precisely due to the lack of grounding in an infinite God. Human finitude was interpreted by pre-Kantians as a deficit, a problem for philosophical certainty which could either never be 'overcome' (skepticism) or only be 'overcome' by verifying our representations with the idea of the infinite (dogmatism). The essence of Kant's response to this dilemma is to give power to finitude. He gives the transcendental subject, transcendental finitude,2 the power to be the source of representations and, therefore, to no longer need divine verification to establish truth. Certainty need not come from what is external to 2For the remainder of this work, I will refer to the type of finitude that we find in Kant as transcendental finitude. While not all of them dub this concept thusly, each Heidegger, Foucault, and Deleuze recognize the value of Kant's movement of finitude into the transcendental realm. 3 transcendental finitude. Hence reason itself, armed in the right ways, has the power to verify itself. However, according to Heidegger, Foucault, and Deleuze, Kant secretly gives into the infinite once again. He fails at his own project. Each, however, points to this failure at
Load more

Recommended publications
  • International Yearbook for Hermeneutics 17 · 2018
    International Yearbook for Hermeneutics 17 · 2018 International Yearbook for Hermeneutics Internationales Jahrbuch für Hermeneutik edited by Günter Figal and Bernhard Zimmermann in cooperation with Damir Barbaric´, Gottfried Boehm, Luca Crescenzi, Ingolf Dalferth, Nicholas Davey, Maurizio Ferraris, Jean Grondin, Pavel Kouba, Irmgard Männlein-Robert, Hideki Mine, Hans Ruin, John Sallis, Dennis Schmidt, Dirk Westerkamp 17 · 2018 Focus: Logos Schwerpunkt: Logos Mohr Siebeck Editorial directors / Redaktionsleitung: Dr. Tobias Keiling, PhD Dr. Anna Novokhatko Editorial team / Redaktion: Jon Burmeister Benjamin Harter Jerome Veith The Yearbook calls for contributions in English or German on topics in Philosophical Hermeneutics and bordering disciplines. Please send manuscripts to yearbook-he r m e n e u t i c s @altphil.uni-freiburg.de. All articles, except when invited, are subject to a double blind review. We assume that manuscripts are unpublished and have not been submitted for publi- cation elsewhere. Citations are to be made according to the style in the present volume. Detailed information on formatting manuscripts can be downloaded from: http://www.alt p h i l .uni-freiburg.de/IYH. Das Jahrbuch bittet um Zusendungen auf Deutsch oder Englisch zu Themen der Phil- osophischen Hermeneutik und angrenzender Disziplinen. Bitte senden Sie Manuskripte an: [email protected]. Alle Artikel, die nicht auf Einladung der Herausgeber verfasst worden sind, werden in einem double blind review-Verfahren begutachtet. Es wird davon ausgegangen, dass es sich bei eingereichten Manuskripten um un- veröffentlichte Originalbeiträge handelt, die nicht an anderer Stelle zur Veröffentlichung vorgelegt worden sind. Literaturhinweise bitte wie im vorliegenden Band. Ausführliche Hinweise für Manuskripte können unter http://www.altphil.uni-freiburg.de/IYH herun- tergeladen werden.
    [Show full text]
  • Kant As an Unfamiliar Source of Racism
    Philosophers on Race: Critical Essays Edited by Julie K. Ward, Tommy L. Lott Copyright © 2002 by Blackwell Publishers Ltd CHAPTER 8 Kant as an Unfamiliar Source of Racism ROBERT BERNASCONI 1 In 1972 Isaiah Berlin gave a lecture on “Kant as an Unfamiliar Source of National- ism”, which has recently been published in The Sense of Reality.1 The lecture began: At first sight nothing would seem more disparate than the idea of nationality and the sane, rational, liberal internationalism of the great Königsberg philosopher. Of all the influential thinkers of his day, Kant seems the most remote from the rise of nationalism. (SR, p. 232) Just as Berlin shows a connection between Kant and nationalism, I propose to do the same for Kant and racism. However, the form of Berlin’s argument is somewhat dif- ferent from mine. Berlin does not question the legitimacy of the image of Kant’s phi- losophy as “deeply rational and cosmopolitan” (SR, p. 244). Berlin’s interest is, rather, to show how “ideas turn into their opposites” (SR, p. 248). He has in mind what became of Kant’s ideas in Herder and Fichte. My thesis, by contrast, is that, in spite of Kant’s avowed cosmopolitanism that is evident in such essays as his “Idea for a Universal History with a Cosmopolitan Purpose,” one also finds within his philosophy expres- sions of a virulent and theoretically based racism, at a time when scientific racism was still in its infancy. Although the blatant and unremitting racist declarations of Europeans at this time, like Edward Long’s History of Jamaica of 1776, are shocking and deplorable and call for further intellectual inquiry, some authors present a further puzzle that has a particular interest for philosophers and historians of ideas.
    [Show full text]
  • Facing Nature: the Infinite in the Flesh
    Facing Nature: The Infinite in the Flesh Robert Daniel Victorin-Vangerud, B.A., M.Div. This thesis is presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of. Murdoch University Perth, Western Australia 2004 I declare that this thesis is my own account of my research. ------------------------------------- Robert Daniel Victorin-Vangerud i Abstract “Facing Nature: The Infinite in the Flesh” by Robert Victorin-Vangerud This thesis explores the relation between two interpretations of chôra, drawn from a reading of Plato’s Timaeus. The first I label the elemental chôra. The second, I call the social chôra. The first chapter addresses the elements in Ionian philosophy, with an eye toward the political and social backdrop of the important cosmological notion of isonomia, law of equals. Here social and elemental are continuous. Chapter two looks at the next phase of Presocratic thought, Elea, specifically Parmenides and his influence on later thought, then turns to Heidegger’s reading of Parmenides’ through the key word of alêtheia. Finally, I offer a reading of Parmenides through a different key word— trust. The third chapter examines Plato’s cosmology in the Timaeus, focusing on the way the beginning of this dialogue inflects the dialogue in a political/social direction, putting the social chôra in tension with the elemental chôra that the body of the Timaeus’ discusses. In the fourth chapter, which examines the Phaedrus, this tension is inverted, since this dialogue on writing and justice set in what proves to be the mesmerizing and erotic elemental milieu of the world outside the walls of the polis. The second half of the dissertation turns to some modern thinkers within the phenomenological tradition or its wake who write about elementals.
    [Show full text]
  • 2012 SPEP Program (Rochester
    SOCIETY FOR PHENOMENOLOGY AND EXISTENTIAL PHILOSOPHY Executive Co-Directors Anthony Steinbock, Southern Illinois University Carbondale Amy Allen, Dartmouth College Executive Committee Amy Allen, Dartmouth College Alia Al-Saji, McGill University Fred Evans, Duquesne University Brian Schroeder, Rochester Institute of Technology Anthony Steinbock, Southern Illinois University Carbondale Shannon Mussett, Utah Valley University, Secretary-Treasurer Graduate Assistant Christopher C. Paone, Southern Illinois University Carbondale Advisory Book Selection Committee Shannon Winnubst, The Ohio State University, Chair Ann V. Murphy, Fordham University Brad Elliott Stone, Loyola Marymount University Adrian Johnston, University of New Mexico David Carr, Emory University Brent Adkins, Roanoke College Daniela Vallega-Neu, Univeristy of Oregon James D. Hatley, Salisbury University Advocacy Committee Robin James, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Chair Peter Gratton, Memorial University of Newfoundland Gail Weiss, George Washington University Committee on the Status of Women Laura Hengehold, Case Western Reserve University, Chair Shannon Sullivan, The Pennsylvania State University Elaine Miller, Miami University of Ohio Racial and Ethnic Diversity Committee Falguni Sheth, Hampshire College, Chair Hernando Estévez, John Jay College/CUNY Devonya Havis, Canisius College LGBTQ Advocacy Committee Robert Vallier, Institut d’Études Politiques, Chair William Wilkerson, University of Alabama Huntsville Mary Bloodsworth-Lugo, Washington State University Webmaster Christopher P. Long, The Pennsylvania State University Local Arrangements Contacts Brian Schroeder, local contact and organizer, [email protected] Scott Campbell, book exhibit coordinator, [email protected] Lindsey Johnson, student volunteer coordinator, [email protected] All SPEP sessions will be held at the Rochester Riverside Convention Center (RRCC) on 123 East Main St., Rochester, NY. The RRCC is adjacent to the host hotel, the Hyatt Regency Rochester, to which it is connected by an enclosed skyway.
    [Show full text]
  • Book Review: Gadamer's Ethics of Play: Hermeneutics and the Other
    Eastern Illinois University The Keep Faculty Research and Creative Activity Kinesiology, Sport & Recreation January 2013 Book Review: Gadamer’s Ethics of Play: Hermeneutics and the Other Chad R. Carlson Eastern Illinois University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/kss_fac Part of the Kinesiology Commons Recommended Citation Carlson, Chad R., "Book Review: Gadamer’s Ethics of Play: Hermeneutics and the Other" (2013). Faculty Research and Creative Activity. 19. https://thekeep.eiu.edu/kss_fac/19 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Kinesiology, Sport & Recreation at The Keep. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Research and Creative Activity by an authorized administrator of The Keep. For more information, please contact [email protected]. BOOK REVIEW Chad Carlson Eastern Illinois University Gadamer’s ethics of play: Hermeneutics and the other, by Monica Vilhauer, Lanham, MD, Lexington Books, 2010, 166 pp., £37 (hardback), ISBN 978-0739139141 As a naıve graduate student, I remember signing up for a course in the Philosophy Department entitled, ‘Art and Truth’. Although I was studying sport and play in a different department, I was intrigued by the title – art seemed closely related to play and sport in the landscape of human experiences. Further, the course was offered at a convenient time and it fulfilled a deficiency I had toward graduation. Unfortunately, I had no idea what I was getting into. The course readings, which included Martin Heidegger, Friedrich Nietzsche, Maurice Merleau- Ponty, Jacques Derrida, Jurgen Habermas, and, most prominently, Hans-Georg Gadamer, seemed so dense that they necessitated long hours of introduction and prior training that I did not have.
    [Show full text]
  • TED TOADVINE Curriculum Vitae Department of Philosophy 1247 W
    TED TOADVINE Curriculum Vitae Department of Philosophy 1247 W. 14th Avenue University of Oregon Eugene, OR 97402 Eugene, OR 97403-1295 Phone: (541) 731-7984 Phone: (541) 346-5554 Email: [email protected] Fax: (541) 346-5544 Revised 27 May 2016 SPECIALIZATION Contemporary continental philosophy, especially phenomenology and post-structuralism Philosophy of nature and environment COMPETENCE Aesthetics, philosophy of ecology, nineteenth-century philosophy, ancient Greek philosophy EDUCATION • Brevet d’Études Françaises, 5ème degré, Institut de Touraine, Tours, France, 2002 • Ph.D. in Philosophy, The University of Memphis, 1996 Contradiction, Expression, and Chiasm: The Development of Intersubjectivity in Maurice Merleau-Ponty Committee: Leonard Lawlor (Director), Robert Bernasconi, Tina Chanter, Mark Timmons, Fred Evans (Duquesne) • M.A. in Philosophy, The University of Memphis, 1995 • B.A. in Philosophy with General Honors, Salisbury University, 1990 ACADEMIC POSITIONS • Professor of Philosophy & Environmental Studies, University of Oregon, 2015– • Research Associate, Environmental Studies Program, Oberlin College, 2015–2016 • Associate Professor of Philosophy and Environmental Studies, University of Oregon, 2009–2015 • Visiting Associate Professor of Environmental Studies, Oberlin College, 2010–2011 • Assistant Professor of Philosophy and Environmental Studies, University of Oregon, 2003–2009 • Assistant Professor of Philosophy, Emporia State University, 1998–2003 • Visiting Professor of Philosophy, Kalamazoo College, 1997–1998 ADMINISTRATIVE
    [Show full text]
  • The Supplement
    3 Supplement Robert Bernasconi In Of Grammatology Derrida took up the term supplément from his reading of both Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Claude Lévi-Strauss and used it to formulate what he called “the logic of supplementarity” (G: 144–45). Derrida returned to Lévi-Strauss’s use of the word “supplement” in “Structure, Sign and Play” (WD: 289) and in Given Time (GT: 66–77), but I will focus here on Derrida’s reading of this word in Rousseau’s Confessions, Discourse on the Origin and Foundation of Inequality among Men,andEssay on the Origin of Languages because his reading of Rousseau has proved so powerful and because the logic of supple- mentarity is better illustrated than generalised. As Derrida observed, Rousseau in these works employed binary oppositions: nature versus society, passion versus need, south versus north, and, most significantly for Derrida in the late 1960s, speech versus writing. In the course of declaring these oppositions Rousseau can be found writing the ambiguous term supplément and its cognates into his narratives. The supplement is an addition from the outside, but it can also be understood as supplying what is missing and in this way is already inscribed within that to which it is added. In this way the word, “supplement” seems to account for “the strange unity” of two gestures: “on the side of experience, a recourse to literature as appropriation of presence, that is to say, … of Nature; on the side of theory, an indict- ment against the negativity of the letter, in which must be read the degeneracy of culture and the disruption of the community” (G: 144).
    [Show full text]
  • Fanon's Black Skin, White Masks on Race Consciousness by Carolyn
    Fanon’s Black Skin, White Masks on Race Consciousness by Carolyn Cusick, Vanderbilt University Readers of Fanon’s Black Skin, White Masks often disagree about whether or not Fanon is arguing for or against the perpetuation of racial categories.1 One interpretation suggests that Fanon’s sociogenic analysis demonstrates the inevitability, if not the necessity, of racial categories. These readers, namely Kathryn Gines in “Fanon and Sartre 50 Years Later: To Retain or Reject the Concept of Race”2 focus on Chapter Five, “The Lived Experience of the Black.” Originally published as a response to Sartre’s “Black Orpheus,” Fanon’s essay introduced Léopold Senghor’s anthology of négritude poetry. In “Black Orpheus” Sartre claims that the négritude movement is essential for a new kind of humanism that will free us from racist thinking, free us from a world divided by race: The unity which will come eventually, bringing all oppressed peoples together in the same struggle, must be preceded in the colonies by what I shall call the moment of separation or negativity: this anti-racist racism is the only road that will lead to the abolition of racial differences.3 Fanon’s response is direct: “Jean-Paul Sartre, in this work, has destroyed black zeal. … I needed not to know. This struggle, this new decline had to take on an aspect of completeness.”4 Sartre’s declaring an end to racialism undermines the power of experiencing blackness positively; rendering it as a temporary move on the way to universal humanism makes it almost powerless. To succeed, négritude has to be able to be experienced as absolute.
    [Show full text]
  • Recent Work on Negritude
    Recent Work on Negritude Chike Jeffers Journal of French and Francophone Philosophy - Revue de la philosophie française et de langue française, Vol XXIV, No 2 (2016) 304-318. Vol XXIV, No 2 (2016) ISSN 1936-6280 (print) ISSN 2155-1162 (online) DOI 10.5195/jffp.2016.753 www.jffp.org This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License. This journal is operated by the University Library System of the University of Pittsburgh as part of its D-Scribe Digital Publishing Program, and is co-sponsored by the University of Pittsburgh Press Journal of French and Francophone Philosophy | Revue de la philosophie française et de langue française Vol XXIV, No 2 (2016) | www.jffp.org | DOI 10.5195/jffp.2016.753 Recent Work on Negritude Chike Jeffers Dalhousie University F. Bart Miller, Rethinking Négritude through Léon-Gontran Damas (Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2014). Cheikh Thiam, Return to the Kingdom of Childhood: Re-Envisioning the Legacy and Philosophical Relevance of Negritude (Columbus, OH: The Ohio State University Press, 2014). Carrie Noland, Voices of Negritude in Modernist Print: Aesthetic Subjectivity, Diaspora, and the Lyric Regime (New York: Columbia University Press, 2015). Reiland Rabaka, The Negritude Movement: W.E.B. Du Bois, Leon Damas, Aime Césaire, Léopold Senghor, Frantz Fanon, and the Evolution of an Insurgent Idea (Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2015). Gary Wilder, Freedom Time: Negritude, Decolonization, and the Future of the World (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2015). The study of the artistic and intellectual movement known as Negritude is, in my view, among the most rewarding paths of research currently available to the student of Africana philosophy.
    [Show full text]
  • Immanence 2017
    Repositorium für die Medienwissenschaft Leonard Lawlor Immanence 2017 https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/1957 Veröffentlichungsversion / published version Sammelbandbeitrag / collection article Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Lawlor, Leonard: Immanence. In: Mercedes Bunz, Birgit Mara Kaiser, Kathrin Thiele (Hg.): Symptoms of the planetary condition. A critical vocabulary. Lüneburg: meson press 2017, S. 61–65. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/1957. Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Dieser Text wird unter einer Creative Commons - This document is made available under a creative commons - Namensnennung - Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0 Attribution - Share Alike 4.0 License. For more information see: Lizenz zur Verfügung gestellt. Nähere Auskünfte zu dieser Lizenz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 finden Sie hier: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 Immanence Leonard Lawlor Since the time of Immanuel Kant, philosophers, and cultural theorists (like Friedrich Nietzsche) have always engaged in immanent critique. Most generally and negatively, immanent critique criticizes on the basis of no transcendent idea or value. Immanent critique therefore is undoubtedly a kind of relativism. We must not be afraid of relativism. Depending on no transcen­ dent value, immanent critique depends on immanence itself. Immanent critique then looks to be paradoxical. It is. Immanent critique is a difficult idea. It means a critique that does not appeal to a transcendent or other worldly value or idea. It is a critique that remains within experience but is done in the name of a different kind ofexperience such as responsibility (Deleuze 1983, 91–93). In order to start to understand the immanence found in immanent critique, we must distinguish immanence from apparently related forms of thinking such as materialism and naturalism.
    [Show full text]
  • Responsibility 2017
    Repositorium für die Medienwissenschaft Leonard Lawlor Responsibility 2017 https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/1706 Veröffentlichungsversion / published version Sammelbandbeitrag / collection article Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Lawlor, Leonard: Responsibility. In: Mercedes Bunz, Birgit Mara Kaiser, Kathrin Thiele (Hg.): Symptoms of the planetary condition. A critical vocabulary. Lüneburg: meson press 2017, S. 127– 133. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/1706. Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Dieser Text wird unter einer Creative Commons - This document is made available under a creative commons - Namensnennung - Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0 Attribution - Share Alike 4.0 License. For more information see: Lizenz zur Verfügung gestellt. Nähere Auskünfte zu dieser Lizenz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 finden Sie hier: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 Responsibility Leonard Lawlor The most tangible reason that philosophers in the twentieth century have devoted themselves to the reformulation of the concept of responsibility lies in the extreme violence of the con­ temporary world. A piece of evidence for this claim lies in the fact that Emmanuel Levinas dedicates his Otherwise than Being or Beyond Essence “to the memory of those who were closest to the six million assassinated by the National Socialists” (1981). Levinas is not alone in attempting to rethink responsibility. Jacques Derrida and Gilles Deleuze have also devoted a lot of their thinking to the problem of responsibility (Derrida 1998, 26; Del­ euze 1983, 85; Deleuze and Guattari 1994, 108–109). When these philosophers criticize contemporary political and philosophical ideas, the critique frequently calls for others to be responsible, and more responsible.
    [Show full text]
  • Kant and Heidegger on the Issue of Displacement
    Loyola University Chicago Loyola eCommons Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 1990 The Problem of the Imagination for Subjectivity: Kant and Heidegger on the Issue of Displacement Richard Findler Loyola University Chicago Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss Part of the Philosophy Commons Recommended Citation Findler, Richard, "The Problem of the Imagination for Subjectivity: Kant and Heidegger on the Issue of Displacement" (1990). Dissertations. 2912. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss/2912 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. Copyright © 1990 Richard Findler THE PROBLEM OF THE IMAGINATION FOR SUBJECTIVITY: KANT AND HEIDEGGER ON THE ISSUE OF DISPLACEMENT by Richard Findler A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Loyola University of Chicago in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy .'' ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I cannot go into my past and thank everyone who has in some way contributed to my dissertation, so let me thank those people who have directly contributed to it. First, I would like to thank Dr. John Sallis for having directed my dissertation. The insights and instruction I have received from him have proven to be invaluable, and there is no way I can truly thank him for everything he has done for me over the years.
    [Show full text]