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The Jewish Observer L DR
CHESHVAN, 5738 I OCTOBER 1977 VOLUME XII, NUMBER 8 fHE EWISH SEVENTY FIVE CENTS "Holocaust" - a leading Rosh Yeshiva examines the term and the tragic epoch it is meant to denote, offering the penetrating insights of a Daas Torah perspective on an era usually clouded with emo tion and misconception. "Holocaust Literature" - a noted Torah educator cuts a path through ever-mounting stacks of popular and scholarly works on "Churban Europe," highlighting the lessons to be learned and the pitfalls to be avoided. THE JEWISH BSERVER in this issue "Holocaust" - A Study of the Term, and the Epoch it is Meant to Describe, from a discourse by Rabbi Yitzchok Hutner K"t:l•7w. translated by Chaim Feuerman and Yaakov Feitman ......... .3 Dealing With "Ch urban Europa", THE JEWISH OB.SERVER is publi$ed a review article by Joseph Elias .................................................... 10 monthly, excePt July and August, by the Agudath Israel of America, 5 Beekman St., New York, N.Y. Thumb Prints, Simcha Bunem Unsdorfer r, .. , ................................ 19 10038. Second class postage paid at New York, N.Y. Subscription: Torah Ambassadors at large $7.50 per year; Two years, $13.00; Three years, $18.00; outside of the I. Bringing Torah to the Valley, Moshe Turk ....................... 22 United States $8.50 per year. II. The Mexico City Junket, Single copy seventy~five cents. Printed in the U.S.A. Suri Rosenberg and Rochel Zucker ........................ 25 Letters to the Editor ............................................................................ 30 RABBI N1ssoN WotrJN Editor Subscribe ------Clip.andsave------- Editorial Board The Jewish Observer l DR. ERNST L. BODENHEIMER Chairman Renew 5 Beekman Street/ New York, N.Y. -
Lithuanian Jews and the Holocaust
Ezra’s Archives | 77 Strategies of Survival: Lithuanian Jews and the Holocaust Taly Matiteyahu On the eve of World War II, Lithuanian Jewry numbered approximately 220,000. In June 1941, the war between Germany and the Soviet Union began. Within days, Germany had occupied the entirety of Lithuania. By the end of 1941, only about 43,500 Lithuanian Jews (19.7 percent of the prewar population) remained alive, the majority of whom were kept in four ghettos (Vilnius, Kaunas, Siauliai, Svencionys). Of these 43,500 Jews, approximately 13,000 survived the war. Ultimately, it is estimated that 94 percent of Lithuanian Jewry died during the Holocaust, a percentage higher than in any other occupied Eastern European country.1 Stories of Lithuanian towns and the manner in which Lithuanian Jews responded to the genocide have been overlooked as the perpetrator- focused version of history examines only the consequences of the Holocaust. Through a study utilizing both historical analysis and testimonial information, I seek to reconstruct the histories of Lithuanian Jewish communities of smaller towns to further understand the survival strategies of their inhabitants. I examined a variety of sources, ranging from scholarly studies to government-issued pamphlets, written testimonies and video testimonials. My project centers on a collection of 1 Population estimates for Lithuanian Jews range from 200,000 to 250,000, percentages of those killed during Nazi occupation range from 90 percent to 95 percent, and approximations of the number of survivors range from 8,000 to 20,000. Here I use estimates provided by Dov Levin, a prominent international scholar of Eastern European Jewish history, in the Introduction to Preserving Our Litvak Heritage: A History of 31 Jewish Communities in Lithuania. -
Women, Theater, and the Holocaust FOURTH RESOURCE HANDBOOK / EDITION a Project Of
Women, Theater, and the Holocaust FOURTH RESOURCE HANDBOOK / EDITION A project of edited by Rochelle G. Saidel and Karen Shulman Remember the Women Institute, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit corporation founded in 1997 and based in New York City, conducts and encourages research and cultural activities that contribute to including women in history. Dr. Rochelle G. Saidel is the founder and executive director. Special emphasis is on women in the context of the Holocaust and its aftermath. Through research and related activities, including this project, the stories of women—from the point of view of women—are made available to be integrated into history and collective memory. This handbook is intended to provide readers with resources for using theatre to memorialize the experiences of women during the Holocaust. Women, Theater, and the Holocaust FOURTH RESOURCE HANDBOOK / EDITION A Project of Remember the Women Institute By Rochelle G. Saidel and Karen Shulman This resource handbook is dedicated to the women whose Holocaust-related stories are known and unknown, told and untold—to those who perished and those who survived. This edition is dedicated to the memory of Nava Semel. ©2019 Remember the Women Institute First digital edition: April 2015 Second digital edition: May 2016 Third digital edition: April 2017 Fourth digital edition: May 2019 Remember the Women Institute 11 Riverside Drive Suite 3RE New York,NY 10023 rememberwomen.org Cover design: Bonnie Greenfield Table of Contents Introduction to the Fourth Edition ............................................................................... 4 By Dr. Rochelle G. Saidel, Founder and Director, Remember the Women Institute 1. Annotated Bibliographies ....................................................................................... 15 1.1. -
Holocaust Education Teacher Resources Why Teach The
Holocaust Education Teacher Resources Compiled by Sasha Wittes, Holocaust Education Facilitator For Ilana Krygier Lapides, Director, Holocaust & Human Rights Education Calgary Jewish Federation Why Teach The Holocaust? The Holocaust illustrates how silence and indifference to the suffering of others, can unintentionally, serve to perpetuate the problem. It is an unparalleled event in history that brings to the forefront the horrors of racism, prejudice, and anti-Semitism, as well as the capacity for human evil. The Canadian education system should aim to be: democratic, non-repressive, humanistic and non-discriminating. It should promote tolerance and offer bridges for understanding of the other for reducing alienation and for accommodating differences. Democratic education is the backbone of a democratic society, one that fosters the underpinning values of respect, morality, and citizenship. Through understanding of the events, education surrounding the Holocaust has the ability to broaden students understanding of stereotyping and scapegoating, ensuring they become aware of some of the political, social, and economic antecedents of racism and provide a potent illustration of both the bystander effect, and the dangers posed by an unthinking conformity to social norms and group peer pressure. The study of the Holocaust coupled with Canada’s struggle with its own problems and challenges related to anti-Semitism, racism, and xenophobia will shed light on the issues facing our society. What was The Holocaust? History’s most extreme example of anti- Semitism, the Holocaust, was the systematic state sponsored, bureaucratic, persecution and annihilation of European Jewry by Nazi Germany and its collaborators between 1933-1945. The term “Holocaust” is originally of Greek origin, meaning ‘sacrifice by fire’ (www.ushmm.org). -
Downloaded from Brill.Com09/30/2021 03:41:48PM Via Free Access 190 BOOK REVIEWS
LITHUANIAN HISTORICAL STUDIES 21 2017 ISSN 1392-2343 PP. 189–197 Joachim Tauber, Arbeit als Hoffnung. Jüdische Ghettos in Litauen 1941–1944 (Quellen und Darstellungen zur Zeitgeschichte), Herausgegeben vom Institut für Zeitgeschichte, Band 108, Oldenbourg: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, 2015. 452 p. ISBN 978-3-11-041476-9 Joachim Tauber’s Holocaust research has never been short of relevant and provocative material, 1 and the monograph reviewed here Arbeit als Hoffnung. Jüdische Ghettos in Litauen 1941–1944 is no exception either. The analytical part of the book consists of six chapters: on the course of the establishment of ghettos and the massacre of Jews in Lithuania (until the end of 1941) (pp. 17–111), the ghetto as an economic phenomenon (pp. 113–264), the ghetto as a community of survival and enslavement (pp. 265–326), Lithuanian-Jewish relations (not just in terms of massa- cres, but in the context of the social and economic network of the ghetto labour force) (pp. 327–344), and the impact of the liquidation of ghettos in Lithuania on the system of the exploitation (use) of Jewish workers (pp. 345–376). The sixth chapter summarises the monograph, in which the author reveals specific details about the ghetto labour force in Lithua- nia, basing his arguments on a comparative study of the ghettos in Riga, Bialystok and Belarus (pp. 377–406). The strongest aspect of this monograph is its use of primary sourc- es: archival material, personal documents (journal entries), and memoirs. Archival sources gave the author probably the most opportunities to realise his idea of showing the changes in the situation of the ghettos in 1 Of note are the studies by: J. -
Lithuania and the Jews the Holocaust Chapter
UNITED STATES HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL MUSEUM CENTER FOR ADVANCED HOLOCAUST STUDIES Lithuania and the Jews The Holocaust Chapter Symposium Presentations W A S H I N G T O N , D. C. Lithuania and the Jews The Holocaust Chapter Symposium Presentations CENTER FOR ADVANCED HOLOCAUST STUDIES UNITED STATES HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL MUSEUM 2004 The assertions, opinions, and conclusions in this occasional paper are those of the authors. They do not necessarily reflect those of the United States Holocaust Memorial Council or of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. First printing, July 2005 Copyright © 2005 United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Contents Foreword.......................................................................................................................................... i Paul A. Shapiro and Carl J. Rheins Lithuanian Collaboration in the “Final Solution”: Motivations and Case Studies........................1 Michael MacQueen Key Aspects of German Anti-Jewish Policy...................................................................................17 Jürgen Matthäus Jewish Cultural Life in the Vilna Ghetto .......................................................................................33 David G. Roskies Appendix: Biographies of Contributors.........................................................................................45 Foreword Centuries of intellectual, religious, and cultural achievements distinguished Lithuania as a uniquely important center of traditional Jewish arts and learning. The Jewish community -
The Reconstruction of Nations
The Reconstruction of Nations The Reconstruction of Nations Poland, Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus, 1569–1999 Timothy Snyder Yale University Press New Haven & London Published with the assistance of the Frederick W. Hilles Fund of Yale University. Copyright © by Yale University. All rights reserved. This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, including illustrations, in any form (beyond that copying permitted by Sections and of the U.S. Copyright Law and except by reviewers for the public press), without written permission from the publishers. Printed in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Snyder, Timothy. The reconstruction of nations : Poland, Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus, ‒ / Timothy Snyder. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN --- (alk. paper) . Europe, Eastern—History—th century. I. Title. DJK. .S .—dc A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. The paper in this book meets the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources. For Marianna Brown Snyder and Guy Estel Snyder and in memory of Lucile Fisher Hadley and Herbert Miller Hadley Contents Names and Sources, ix Gazetteer, xi Maps, xiii Introduction, Part I The Contested Lithuanian-Belarusian Fatherland 1 The Grand Duchy of Lithuania (–), 2 Lithuania! My Fatherland! (–), 3 The First World War and the Wilno Question (–), 4 The Second World War and the Vilnius Question (–), 5 Epilogue: -
Fine Judaica
t K ESTENBAUM FINE JUDAICA . & C PRINTED BOOKS, MANUSCRIPTS, GRAPHIC & CEREMONIAL ART OMPANY F INE J UDAICA : P RINTED B OOKS , M ANUSCRIPTS , G RAPHIC & C & EREMONIAL A RT • T HURSDAY , N OVEMBER 12 TH , 2020 K ESTENBAUM & C OMPANY THURSDAY, NOV EMBER 12TH 2020 K ESTENBAUM & C OMPANY . Auctioneers of Rare Books, Manuscripts and Fine Art Lot 115 Catalogue of FINE JUDAICA . Printed Books, Manuscripts, Graphic & Ceremonial Art Featuring Distinguished Chassidic & Rabbinic Autograph Letters ❧ Significant Americana from the Collection of a Gentleman, including Colonial-era Manuscripts ❧ To be Offered for Sale by Auction, Thursday, 12th November, 2020 at 1:00 pm precisely This auction will be conducted only via online bidding through Bidspirit or Live Auctioneers, and by pre-arranged telephone or absentee bids. See our website to register (mandatory). Exhibition is by Appointment ONLY. This Sale may be referred to as: “Shinov” Sale Number Ninety-One . KESTENBAUM & COMPANY The Brooklyn Navy Yard Building 77, Suite 1108 141 Flushing Avenue Brooklyn, NY 11205 Tel: 212 366-1197 • Fax: 212 366-1368 www.Kestenbaum.net K ESTENBAUM & C OMPANY . Chairman: Daniel E. Kestenbaum Operations Manager: Zushye L.J. Kestenbaum Client Relations: Sandra E. Rapoport, Esq. Judaica & Hebraica: Rabbi Eliezer Katzman Shimon Steinmetz (consultant) Fine Musical Instruments (Specialist): David Bonsey Israel Office: Massye H. Kestenbaum ❧ Order of Sale Manuscripts: Lot 1-17 Autograph Letters: Lot 18 - 112 American-Judaica: Lot 113 - 143 Printed Books: Lot 144 - 194 Graphic Art: Lot 195-210 Ceremonial Objects: Lot 211 - End of Sale Front Cover Illustration: See Lot 96 Back Cover Illustration: See Lot 4 List of prices realized will be posted on our website following the sale www.kestenbaum.net — M ANUSCRIPTS — 1 (BIBLE). -
Split Identity: Jewish Scholarship in the Vilna Ghetto by David Fishman
Split Identity: Jewish Scholarship in the Vilna Ghetto By David Fishman Festschrift in honor of David Roskies In geveb: A Journal of Yiddish Studies (June 2020) For the online version of this article: https://ingeveb.org/articles/split-identity In geveb: A Journal of Yiddish Studies (June 2020) SPLIT IDENTITY: JEWISH SCHOLARSHIP IN THE VILNA GHETTO by David Fishman Abstract: In this essay, David Fishman draws a comparison between yidishe visnshaft, or Jewish studies scholarship, and Judenforschung, the Nazi field of antisemitic Jewish studies used to justify the persecution and extermination of Jews in scientific terms. He examines the work of Zelig Kalmanovitch, who had been a well-known scholar and co-director of YIVO before World War II, during the time when he was forced to produce scholarship as a member of the Jewish slave labor brigade assigned to the Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg (ERR) in Vilna. Fishman notes the remarkable scholarly accomplishments Kalmanovitch was able to achieve in a time of enormous adversity. He also demonstrates several junctures in which Kalmanovitch, a meticulous scholar, omitted facts or altered scholarship in order to save lives. These dual impulses of preserving historical truths about Jewish communities and a willingness to obscure facts over which people could be killed contribute to Fishman's assessment that Kalmanovitch's scholarship emerged from erudition, love, and dedication to the Jewish people about whom he wrote, the very opposite of the purposes for which his scholarship was obtained by his Nazi slave masters. Between Yidishe Visnshaft and Judenforschung (Jewish Studies and the Study of Jews) On June 16, 1942, Herbert Gotthardt, a staff member of the Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg (ERR) in Vilna, instructed Zelig Kalmanovitch to prepare an essay and bibliography on the Karaites. -
UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations
UCLA UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Yiddish Songs of the Shoah: A Source Study Based on the Collections of Shmerke Kaczerginski Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6x72f9t5 Author Werb, Bret Publication Date 2014 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Yiddish Songs of the Shoah A Source Study Based on the Collections of Shmerke Kaczerginski A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Ethnomusicology by Bret Charles Werb 2014 Copyright © Bret Charles Werb 2014 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Yiddish Songs of the Shoah A Source Study Based on the Collections of Shmerke Kaczerginski by Bret Charles Werb Doctor of Philosophy in Ethnomusicology University of California, Los Angeles, 2014 Professor Timothy Rice, Chair This study examines the repertoire of Yiddish-language Shoah (or Holocaust) songs prepared for publication between the years 1945 and 1949, focusing its attention on the work of the most influential individual song collector, Shmerke Kaczerginski (1908-1954). Although a number of initiatives to preserve the “sung folklore” of the Nazi ghettos and camps were undertaken soon after the end of the Second World War, Kaczerginski’s magnum opus, the anthology Lider fun di getos un lagern (Songs of the Ghettos and Camps), published in New York in 1948, remains unsurpassed to this day as a resource for research in the field of Jewish folk and popular music of the Holocaust period. ii Chapter one of the dissertation recounts Kaczerginski’s life story, from his underprivileged childhood in Vilna, Imperial Russia (present-day Vilnius, Lithuania), to his tragic early death in Argentina. -
GJM Galicia Jewish Museum, 18 Dajwór St
LEGEND GJM Galicia Jewish Museum, 18 Dajwór St. JCC Jewish Community Centre, 24 Miodowa St. JCC JCC West, 5 Izaaka St. WEST Events in Polish Events in English Events in Hebrew Events in German Events in Amharic Events in Japanese Events in Hungarian Trip, tour, walk Shabbat dinners Events for kids Movies Reservation required: GJM: [email protected] or tel. 12 421 68 42 JCC: [email protected] or tel. 12 370 57 70 Tickets CONTACT Jewish Community Centre 24 Miodowa St., 31-055 Krakow [email protected] | tel. 12 370 57 70 jcckrakow.org | fb.com/jcckrakow | friendsofjcckrakow.org Galicia Jewish Museum 18 Dajwór St., Krakow [email protected] | tel. 12 421 68 42 galiciajewishmuseum.org | fb.com/zydowskiemuzeumgalicja 2 Krakow is an amazing place. Although marked irreversibly by the events of WWII, it has maintained its original charm and character. The streets, squares, synagogues, cemeteries – they all tell the story of the centuries long presence of Jews here and their contribution in building this city. The remaining ghetto wall fragments or the remnants of Płaszow labor camp are also part of Krakow’s story. They are silent witnesses to the tragedy of the Shoah. But Jewish Krakow is not only a story of the past – it’s an exceptional testimony of enduring presence. Poland, and especially Krakow, are being filled by a choir of Jewish voices, which are evidence of various ways of expressing our culture – from the orthodox, through the progressive to entirely secular. This harmony creates the music of the authentic rebirth of Jewish life. This revival is supported by a wide array of institutions and organisations, amongst them the Jewish Community Centre of Krakow and Galicia Jewish Museum. -
Journal Association of Jewish Refugees
VOLUME 1 No.3 MARCH 2001 journal Association of Jewish Refugees 'MJik-rf Unquiet on the Westminster front Reflections on the interaction of politicians, press and public ast November Americans cast their politicians as much as it needs teachers ^lots. In February Israelis went to the POLLING^ and doctors if it is to fimction properly. Wlls. Within weeks we are likely to be Waugh's cynicism also infected '^"ig the same in this coimtry. The US STATION journalists who didn't necessarily share Action result looked seriously flawed. his dyspeptic disposition - pace the ^ Israeli election was called endless column inches of unwarranted '^^^cipitatejy to overcome a security obloquy heaped upon the Dome, which, ^is compounded by parliamentary as far as it was a disaster, was a media- ®^^lock. By contrast, the UK general manufactured one. And, as if cynical ^<^tion looks set to be a routine affair, journos weren't enough, the 'licensed' ^'^" nobody challenging the outcome. Jewish jester Jackie Mason has recently ^ before we crow too loudly about been invited by BBC2 to make inane '^tain's greater stabihty and maturity. comments about the US elections. (Not let ^s remember that a bare six months to be outdone, the Jeivish Chronicle gave ^80 a Poujadist fuel protest half- him an opportunity to further envenom Paraiyse d the country, threatened the the Arab-Israeli conflict). If some ^•ect^, d government, and reduced the sections of the media generate cynicism Polio^ to passive bystanders in the face - and therefore apathy - others do the ofi "itimidation. This was a spasm of the Harold and Mary Wilson leaving the polling opposite, but with equally malign intent.