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Coversheet for Thesis in Sussex Research Online
A University of Sussex DPhil thesis Available online via Sussex Research Online: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/ This thesis is protected by copyright which belongs to the author. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Please visit Sussex Research Online for more information and further details THE FIELD AND THE STAGE PUGILISM, COMBAT PERFORMANCE AND PROFESSIONAL WRESTLING IN ENGLAND 1700 – 1980 BENJAMIN LITHERLAND SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX FEBRUARY 2014 1 I hereby declare that this thesis has not been and will not be, submitted in whole or in part to another university for the award of any other degree. Signature:……………………………………… 2 UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX BENJAMIN LITHERLAND SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY THE FIELD AND THE STAGE: PUGILISM, COMBAT PERFORMANCE AND PROFESSIONAL WRESTLING IN ENGLAND, 1700 – 1980 SUMMARY Speaking to a local radio station in the 1960s, with the glitz, glitter and glamour of televised professional wrestling at its height, one old, retired Cumbrian wrestler declared that ‘wrestling…was a game for the field not the stage’. This statement, condensed and potent as it is, could stand in for the questions this thesis asks and seeks to answer: why did wrestling develop as a professional, performed ‘sporting entertainment’? To answer this question, existing theories of social and sports history are combined with cultural studies methods and applied to Pierre Bourdieu’s notion of fields. -
Who's the Daddy? Slim Version.Pdf
Prologue The New London Theatre, Wednesday 7 March 1979 HE SHOW began with serious trumpeting. A fanfare of some importance and the audience were applauding. It felt Tlike history was being made, although some of the people there that night, figures dotted throughout the whole of Shirley Crabtree’s life, would later think differently. Once the limelight faded there would be a divided opinion on the Crabtree clan and their influence on professional wrestling, and we shall come to these matters in due course. For now, we are trying to conjure up a scene, resurrect a bit of telly history so to speak, so we’re looking down at the TV cameras, which are themselves trained on the mock-auditorium set up at the front. There is empty raised seating either side of the doors centre-stage, and a backdrop of red, brown, and cream. Every set of eyes is focused on the doors and over all of this, the shows superimposed titles come and go. Although the audience were familiar with people like Kent Walton and Dickie Davies on World of Sport on Saturday afternoons, there was a certain amount of excitement on their faces as they waited for a different kind of show to begin. This was a live recording and their unblinking eyes shining back through the fag smoke could mean only a couple of things. They were either totally transfixed as they clapped like brainwashed seals, or 11 Who’s The Daddy? they’d had a skinful in the Prince of Wales on Drury Lane before the show. -
British Wrestling Dvds Classic British Wrestling
BRITISH WRESTLING DVDS WWW.BRITISHWRESTLINGDVDS.VZE.COM For Any Enquiries, Please Email Me At [email protected] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CLASSIC BRITISH WRESTLING Hello again, grapple fans. Good afternoon to you and welcome to the 'Classic British Wrestling' section. Kent Walton introduces classic bouts featuring classic wrestlers from all over the UK. This section has now been updated with match locations and dates. In most cases, the dates shown are air dates, rather than the dates they were taped. CLASSIC BRITISH WRESTLING VOL 1 1. Kendo Nagasaki & Blondie Barratt vs. Robbie Brookside & Steve Regal (Bedworth, 15/10/1988) 2. Brian Maxine vs. Lucky Gordon (Bedworth, 15/10/1988) 3. Big Daddy & Tom Thumb vs. Drew McDonald & Sid Cooper (Everton, 2/7/1988) 4. Mel Stuart vs. Greg Valentine (Everton, 9/7/1988) 5. Bill Pearl vs. Greg Valentine (Nottingham, 18/7/1987) 6. Catweazle vs. Ian Wilson (Catford, 11/7/1987) 7. Sid Cooper & Zoltan Boscik vs. Jeff Kerry & Pete Collins (Broxbourne, 6/6/1987) 8. Pat Patton & Greg Valentine vs. Kurt & Karl Heinz (Broxbourne, 6/6/1987) 9. Sid Cooper & Zoltan Boscik vs. Greg Valentine & Pat Patton (Broxbourne, 6/6/1987) 10. Giant Haystacks vs. Jamaica George (Adwick Le Street, 20/6/1987) 11. Terry Rudge vs. Bully Boy Muir (Dartford, 27/8/1988) 12. Big Daddy & Pat Patton vs. Rasputin & Anaconda (Dartford, 27/8/1988) 13. Greg Valentine vs. Mr X (Dartford, 3/9/1988) 14. Giant Haystacks & King Kong Kirk vs. Marty Jones & Steve Logan (Nottingham, 25/7/1987) 15. Kid McCoy vs. Blackjack Mulligan (Burnley, 16/4/1988) 16. -
Wrestling Observer Newsletter February 17, 1992
Wrestling Observer Newsletter February 17, 1992 Just days after the Florida state legislature voted down the bill licensed with the commission so that their names would be on to implement steroid testing of pro wrestlers, World file for the random anabolic steroid and street drug tests, Championship Wrestling Executive Vice President Kip Frey however there would be no licensing or registration fee announced the promotion would be announcing an anti-steroid policy within the next week. No details about the policy were *Promoters would be charged an annual fee for a promoter's available at press time but it will include wrestlers making public license. If the promoter averaged more than 1,000 paying service anti-steroid promos on television. Hopefully Frey, who is spectators per event in Florida over the previous year, his a newcomer to the wrestling world, will realize the touchiness license fee would be $1,000 (which would mean only WWF and involved in this issue and not try to have wrestlers who have WCW). All others wishing to promote would have to pay $250 achieved the spotlight partially through the use of steroids for a promoters license (which covers a lot of ground) to then make statements that give one the impression they would never touch the stuff. Frey *There would be a five percent tax on all live gates. The original also said in comments for this coming Sunday's Miami Herald bill included taxes not only on live gates, but also on gimmicks that WCW would be instituting a policy to post signs in front of sold at live events and pay-per-view revenue from systems arenas when advertised talent isn't going to appear. -
DAVID ABBOTT Tank Abbott RICHARD ACELINGER
DAVID ABBOTT Tank Abbott RICHARD ACELINGER Richard Slinger ANGEL ACEVEDO Cuban Assassin GABRIEL ACOCELLA Jack Britton DONNA ADAMO Elektra BROOKE ADAMS Brooke (ECW) BRYAN ADAMS Crush CHRIS ADAMS Gentleman Chris Adams Masked Avenger TONI ADAMS Nancy Simpson Toni the Tigress JOSH ADAMSON Johnny Spade DON ADELBERG Don E. Allen JONAH ADELMAN Jonah JOSEPH ADKINS Malachi STEVEN ADKINS Seth Skyfire CHRIS ADKISSON Chris Von Erich DAVID ADKISSON David Von Erich JACK ADKISSON Fritz Von Erich KERRY ADKISSON Texas Tornado Kerry Von Erich KEVIN ADKISSON Kevin Von Erich LACEY ADKISSON Lacy Von Erich MIKE ADKISSON Mike Von Erich MILTON ADOMO El Nene RICHARD AFFLIS Dick the Bruiser FRANCISCO AGUAYO Charro Aguayo PEDRO AGUAYO Perro Aguayo AARON AGUILERA Jesus Aguilera Hardkore Kid Conquistador Uno JASON AHRNDT Venom Joey Abs SUSAN AITCHISON Duchess of Queensberry TAKESHI AKABANE Little Tokyo SHOJI AKIYOSHI Coolie S.Z. Punish Jado LOUIS ALBANO Captain Lou Albano ACHIM ALBRECHT Brakus BRENT ALBRIGHT Gunner Scott GARY ALBRIGHT Gary Albright Volkan Singh BEN ALCORN Dudeman NICK ALDIS Brutus Magnus MODESTO ALEDO Kamikaze MICHELLE ALEXANDER Michelle McCool MICHAEL ALFONSO Mike Awesome That 70's Guy KAZEM ALI Armando Alejandro Estrada JEFFERSON ALLEN Nikita Allenov RICK ALLEN Sonny Beach TERRY ALLEN Magnum T.A. MICHAEL ALTIERI Mikey Batts AL AMEZCUA Golden Terror ALFONSO AMEZOUA Alfonso Dantes CHAE AN Nitro Girl Chae ANDY ANDERSON Andy Anderson BILL ANDERSON Bill Laster CHIQUITA ANDERSON Nitro Girl Chiquita EUGENE ANDERSON Gene Anderson KEN ANDERSON Ken Kennedy MELISSA ANDERSON Raisha Saeed RANDY ANDERSON Randy "Pee Wee" Anderson WCW Referee ERIC ANGLE Eric Angle KURT ANGLE Kurt Angle TED ANNIS Teddy Hart ARTHUR ANOIA Wild Samoan Afa ARTHUR ANOIA JR. -
Wrestling Observer Newsletter July 11, 1994
Wrestling Observer Newsletter July 11, 1994 One key point to remember for any of you who have made up your O'Shea apparently did a tremendous job with the opening minds about the Titan Sports/Vince McMahon steroid case's final statements. results ahead of time. You can never predict what a jury will do. Every time there is a major legal case in the public eye, as there is now *Jerry McDevitt, one of the Titan lawyers, came next, mainly to rebut more than ever, experienced lawyers go on "Nightline" "20/20" and O'Shea. While McDevitt was good, he was clearly out of his league their ilk and those words are always repeated. You can never predict according to our reports in comparison with Laura Brevetti (the other what a jury will do once it gets the case. Titan attorney) and O'Shea. He mainly tried to impugn the credibility of the witnesses, claiming there was no conspiracy because After jury selections on 7/5, the trial of Titan Sports and steroid McMahon and Zahorian never talked and that McMahon had to pay distribution and conspiracy to distribute charges got under way on full price for his steroids so they weren't in business together. 7/6. The trial is expected to last three weeks, down from the original Naturally he tried to impugn Zahorian saying that they've already five weeks and several witnesses originally subpoenaed for the May admitting he lied in his own trial so how can people believe he's trial were not subpoenaed for this trial because it's being held down telling the truth here and in which case would he be charged with on time. -
Wrestling Observer Newsletter March 16, 1992
Wrestling Observer Newsletter March 16, 1992 SUPERBRAWL II Patterson started walking away and kept walking as he yelled Thumbs up383 (90.3 percent) for Patterson to come back and talk. The next day in Amarillo, Thumbs down10 (02.4 percent) he went to the taping again and Chief Jay Strongbow came up In the middle31 (07.3 percent) to him and said that Vince says he doesn't need you. Haynes said he exploded and Hercules (who was one of Haynes' BEST MATCH POLL friends when he worked with the WWF 1986-88) put his arm Jushin Liger vs. Brian Pillman367 around him and said, "Billy, don't do it" since Haynes said he Rhodes & Windham vs. Austin & Zbyszko27 felt like punching McMahon out. "Thank Hercules for me not Rick Rude vs. Rick Steamboat26 tearing Vince's head off," Haynes said. "Maybe I should have. But it's not worth going to jail for." He had to drive 1,700 miles WORST MATCH POLL home from Texas. "I had to suck it up. I drove 200 miles and Vegas & Morton vs. Hammer & Zenk192 just started crying. It broke me." Sting vs. Lex Luger76 Terrence Taylor vs. Marcus Bagwell19 McMahon said that Haynes arrived unexpected looking for work. He said that Haynes had just stopped by without warning Based on phone calls and letters to the Observer as of Monday as he was moving from Portland to Tampa and came to the afternoon. Margin of error: 100 percent. television tapings in Lubbock. He said he had no room for Haynes. Haynes, who still lives near Portland, doesn't know By the time most of you read this, any attempt to do a lead where anyone would get a story about him going to the tapings story will already be obsolete. -
Marilyn: My Nights With
MARILYN: MY NIGHTS WITH IL E Y CULTURE k FRANKIE*ALARM*BIG DADDY H on the heels of their TV debut on last week's ORS, the Lofs release their four track EP ' Up The Hill And Down The Slope'. The band will do well to improve on the success of their first 45 ' Why Does The Rain', which was voted second best single of 1984 by Radio One's Janice Long, but Spe- cials producer, John A Rivers has honed the Loft's sound down to four tracks of feisty guitar music which stands out from the current crop of tints and synths. The Loft have been described as " Il ciclone punko" in Italy, but it's here that the band look set to kick up a storm. the dreaded words ' computer generated' hardly make you glow with user friendliness, then Max Headroom might make you think again. Max is a TV host but also a film. His 60 minute feature is screened this Thursday, April 4, on Channel 4. Set in the near future, it's a world where TV is king and man lives by ratings alone. Net- work 23 has the rating race sewn up due to its invention of blipverts, sinister subliminal adverts which imbed themselves in viewers' minds before they have a chance to switch channels. Top TV reporter Edison Carter stumbles on the truth about blipverts ( they cause TV RECORD MIRROR Hunk Of The freaks to spontaneously combust) and it's adventure all the way — Month for April, Frankie's Paul hero vs corporation with the help of brainy computer op ( Theora Rutherford, wiggles his bum ' Live' Jones). -
Here When It’S Put Online Is More up to Date Than If We Were Like Other Mags That Unavoidably Have to Go to the Printers a Couple of Weeks Before Getting in the Shops
Page 2 Welcome to the first ever edition of Piledriver Online. Some of you will already be familiar with this publication as it has previously been available at shows and on subscription but now it has a new home on the internet in full colour and I sincerely hope you all enjoy this debut edition. So what’s different about Piledriver Online? Well, using this format one main difference is that the information here when it’s put online is more up to date than if we were like other mags that unavoidably have to go to the printers a couple of weeks before getting in the shops. We also have more pages and give plenty of coverage to UK wrestling, have more news coverage, more interviews and a look back at the history of professional wrestling home and abroad. Oh and of course it’s free to read! We will soon be launching Piledriver Plus and that will give you more news, competitions and features that will not appear in the main magazine all for just ten pounds a year (current subscribers need not apply). More about that at www.pildedriver-online.co.uk soon, oh and don’t forget to join our forums and if you’re interested in advertising with us at incredibly cheap rates and in full colour just go to our website for more details. We’re just weeks away from Wrestlemania now and the card is gradually taking shape, in fact the two main title matches were confirmed even before ‘No Way Out’ took place on February 18th which isn’t always the case as that PPV usually has a match to determine who gets a title shot at Wrestlemania and it’s not that long ago since the WWE title even changed hands at that PPV when Eddie Guerrero beat Brock Lesnar. -
1St Year of Publishing the Bônau Cabbage Romans to Hold Handy Though If You Wrote Your Name and Is Lamma’S Patch
EDITORIAL [email protected] LAMMA’S MOONSTONE DAY – 1 st We are patting ourselves on Any photographs we use are first scanned This is the birthstone st and then the originals are returned to their August the back as this edition (the 21 ) for June, and was th rightful owners so don’t be shy or fearful in marks the beginning of our 6 believed by the sending us your photographs. It would be August 1st year of publishing The Bônau Cabbage Romans to hold handy though if you wrote your name and is Lamma’s Patch. We have to share the success with captured beams of address on the back of the photo (in pencil) Day, and you because without your contributions of was Thanksgiving time (Harvest time) in moonlight. or you attached one of those ‘post-it-notes’. photographs, news and articles the Britain. The name comes from an Anglo- In India it is considered a sacred gemstone, magazine would have died a long time ago. Saxon word “Hlafmaesse” which means a symbol of the Third Eye that brings good Please keep sending them in for inclusion DATES FOR YOUR Loaf Mass. The festival of Lammas marks fortune and helps promote spiritual in the magazine. Thanks. - Ed DIARY the beginning of the harvest, when people enlightenment. go to church to give thanks for the first corn This form of feldspar has a beautiful pearly to be cut. This celebration predates our THANK YOU TO OUR SPONSORS Christian harvest festival. lustre, reminiscent of moonlight. Its iridescent effect - comes in many colours 2nd June Coronation Day th On Lammas Day farmers made loaves of from translucent, pink, yellow, green, We would like to welcome our new 14 June Queen’s Official Birthday th bread from the new wheat crop and gave rainbow, gold and silver. -
Genadi Hall of Fame
View Single Post Thread: ~ The Golden Age: 1987 Official Release ~ 01042013, 09:46 AM #1 Join Date: Jul 2005 Location: Brisbane, Australia Posts: 3,612 Genadi Hall of Fame ~ The Golden Age: 1987 Official Release ~ "The Golden Age" Version 1.1 Start Date: March 1, 1987 * Another massive thank you has to go to the pic cutters, in particular Togg, MJStark and a Rock return mega pop for Michgcs on this one, the guy worked just as hard if not harder then myself to get this done. Data: http://www.sendspace.com/file/ygouqn People Pic Pack: http://www.sendspace.com/file/zguyqk Or... Same Pick Pack From TGA for TEW '10, available here http://www.ewwarehouse.info/category/tew10mods/ Belts, Events, Logos, Networks Etc. Pic Pack: http://www.sendspace.com/file/3a2b3z Or... Same Pick Pack From TGA for TEW '10, available here http://www.ewwarehouse.info/category/tew10mods/ Promotions: 25 Active (56 to Debut) Workers: 1,292 Active (1,268 to Debut) Teams: 276 Locations: 2,410 Alter Egos: 174 Dojos: 47 Dojo Graduates: 565 Promotion Pacts: 41 Start Injuries: 13 Storylines: 152 Angles: 1,982 Titles: 234 Title Lineages: 3,846 TV Networks: 123 PPV Carriers: 42 User Characters: 18 Agers: 1,219 Chemistry: 22 Eras: 5 Narratives: 194 (You read that right, majority don't have an effect on the game but are there purely for immersion) Important Notes & Stuff * The second day releases of a few workers are unavoidable. I left them on the rosters so if you decide to play as either of those promotions you will have them on your starting roster. -
The Grappling Times ______
The Grappling Times _________________________________________________________________ ANDRE BAKER TALKS TO sometimes Peter Szakacs Some may say that THE GRAPPLING TIMES who was a former the golden boy of by Dean Baker: Fresh off Hungarian champion would Hammerlock is Gary Steele, announcing a massive do some coaching, some of someone that went to television deal, opening a the guys training there then America and became the new training centre and were John Hall, John first British (NWA) World bringing through new faces Ritchie, Lenny Hurst, Dave Heavyweight Champion (a into the British wrestling Bond, Lee Bronson, Wolf title currently held by Jeff scene Hammerlock from Gladiators, they would Jarrett), Steele also Promoter and the National also invite down various top appeared on a Zero-One Wrestling Alliance European shooters from time to time to pay per view but over the Consultant Andre Baker tune us up a bit, in a nut past year Gary has been took some time out of his shell a painful but suspicious from his absence busy schedule to talk to us. worthwhile experience that “In a nutshell Gary is Before opening strangely enough I look spending a bit of time with Hammerlock Jay back on fondly.” his family, he has been quite ‘Sledgehammer’ Baker was Known as the busy with his commitments a well known name on the sledgehammer for his to Hammerlock, trips to British circuit and on other powerful forearm smashes Japan and America, foreign venues. Like many today, this has not always spending many hours a of his time he got involved at been