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The Wine Sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina in Bosnia and the Wine Sector

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The Wine Sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina in Bosnia and the Wine Sector This project is funded by the European Union Please address comments and inquiries to: Regional Offi ce for Europe and Central Asia Food and Agriculture Organiza on of the United Na ons (FAO) The Wine Sector in Benczúr u. 34, 1068 Budapest, Hungary Telephone: (+36) 1 461 2000 Fax: (+36) 1 351 7029 Bosnia and Herzegovina Email: [email protected] Website: www.fao.org/europe/en Preparation of IPARD Sector Analyses in Bosnia and Herzegovina Electronic Version of the report: www.fao.org/europe.... 2012 The Wine Sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina The Wine Sector FAO Regional Offi ce for Europe and Central Asia 31 August 2012 FAO Regional Ofice for Europe and Central Asia Cover photograph: ©FAO/Kai Wiedenhoefer The Wine Sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina Prepara on of IPARD Sector Analyses in Bosnia and Herzegovina GCP/BIH/007/EC Contract number: 2010/256-560 Regional Offi ce for Europe and Central Asia Food and Agriculture Organiza on of the United Na ons This publica on has been produced with the assistance of the European Union. The contents of this publica on are the sole responsibility of the Regional Offi ce for Europe and Central Asia of the Food and Agriculture Organiza on of the United Na ons and can in no way be taken to refl ect the views of the European Union. The designa ons employed and the presenta on of material in this publica on do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organiza on of the United Na ons (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authori es, or concerning the delimita on of its fron ers or boundaries. The men on of specifi c companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not men oned. All rights reserved. FAO encourages reproduc on and dissemina on of material in this publica on. Non- commercial uses will be authorized free of charge. Reproduc on for resale or other commercial purposes, including educa onal purposes, may incur fees. Applica ons for permission to reproduce or disseminate FAO copyright materials and all other queries on rights and licences, should be addressed by e-mail to [email protected] or to the Chief, Publishing Policy and Support Branch, Offi ce of Knowledge Exchange, Research and Extension, FAO,Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy. © FAO 2012 Vinski sektor u Bosni i Herzegovini Kontekst i ciljevi analize sektora sektor na domaćem tržištu, u kombinaciji sa blagovremenim djelovanjem u pravcu Kontekst analize sektora: Priprema za osvajanja novih izvoznih tržišta. pristupanje EU Važan dio pripreme za pristupanje EU upravo Metodologija predstavlja izradu neovisne i objek vne analize Opis trenutne situacije u vinskom sektoru je sektora koja je fokusirana na vrijednosni lanac zasnovan na sveukupnom stanju, sta s čkim od poljoprivrednog proizvođača do tržišta. podacima iz FBiH i RS o proizvodnji i izvozu/ Analize sektora služe kao osnovne ulazne uvozu koje su prikupili univerzitetski članovi informacije za formuliranje IPARD (Pred- ma. Tim je također koris o podatke iz Uprave pristupnog instrumenta za ruralni razvoj) za indirektno oporezivanje i ostalih izvora, programa za BiH uz fi nansijsku podršku EU, podatke iz Federalnog Agromediteranskog kada će BiH posta zemlja kandidatkinja za zavoda, te GIS mapiranje područja pod članstvo u EU. vinogradima. Podaci iz Glavnog uzorka za Analiza vinskog sektora je jedna od pet sektorskih BiH koji je sačinila Agencija za sta s ku, kao studija koje je u 2011. izradila Organizacija i podaci pilot poljoprivrednog popisa i pilot Ujedinjenih Nacija za hranu i poljoprivredu FADN, koje je proveo BH AIS projekt za MVTEO (FAO) u bliskoj saradnji sa univerzite ma iz BiH su iskorišteni u najvećoj mogućoj mjeri. i Federalnim Agromediteranskim zavodom iz Među m, m sumnja da zvanični podaci na Mostara, kao osnovu za izradu mjera koje će državnom nivou općenito nisu precizni, pa su se fi nansira u sklopu IPARD programa. Studiju tako nepouzdani. Zbog toga je m poduzeo provode i fi nansiraju EU i Ministarstvo vanjske sve mjere da uspostavi pouzdanu sta s čku trgovine i ekonomskih odnosa (MVTEO) kao osnovu za analizu zasnovanu na sopstvenim primarni korisnik. BIH je već napravila nekoliko istraživanjima i izvorima podataka. koraka ka EU integracijama, uključujući Izvori podataka podrazumijevaju telefonsku otvaranje tržišta prema EU. U ovom trenutku, anketu među svih 46 registriranih vinarija ova priprema analize sektora predstavlja još u FBiH i RS. Šest vinarija je obrađeno u jedan značajan korak. studijama slučaja, 3 komercijalne porodične Ciljevi izvještaja vinarije (dvije iz FBiH i jedna iz RS) i tri velike korporacijske vinarije (2 iz FBiH i 1 iz RS). Studije Osnovni cilj izvještaja je da predstavi detaljnu slučaja su pomogle u utvrđivanju trenutnog analizu trenutnog stanja vinskog sektora u BiH. ekonomskog i tehnološkog statusa vinarija, te Dakle, izvještaj doprinosi utvrđivanju stvarnih planiranih ulaganja/potreba. Studije slučaja okolnos u sektoru, sa fokusom na unutrašnje pružaju dodatne informacije pored ankete. snage i slabos , i vanjske mogućnos i pored toga je održano osam intervjua sa prijetnje. Na osnovu predstave o potrebama ključnim informatorima i sudionicima o čemu i problemima u sektoru, te predstojećim su sačinjeni izvještaji. izazovima, vrši se procjena potreba za ulaganjem i formuliraju se preporuke poli ka. I na kraju, organizirane su dvije radionice. SWOT Ovaj izvještaj će doprinije formuliranju niza radionica (SWOT - prednos , slabos , prilike mogućih intervencija u smislu donošenja i prijetnje) je održana u vinskim podrumima poljoprivrednih poli ka u skladu sa razvojnim „Andrija“ u Paoči pored Čitluka, 22. juna. potrebama sektora. Prisustvovao je 21 učesnik (ne računajući organizatore), od čega su većina bili vinogradari Tako analiza sektora pruža preporuke i vinari. Radionica je pomogla u utvrđivanju za donošenje poli ka koje će doprinije najvažnijih unutrašnjih prednos i slabos , kao poboljšanju uslova za vinogradarstvo i vinarski i vanjskih prilika i opasnos . Druga radionica je održana 19. oktobra, također u podrumima pod neregistriranim proizvođačima. Stopa „Andrija“ u Paoči pored Čitluka, gdje su iskorištenos grožđa u proizvodnji vina se sa sudionicima konstruk vno razmatrani procjenjuje na 0,65 litara vina na kilogram predstavljeni zaključci i preporuke analize. grožđa, kod obje vrste proizvođača. Zaključci Na osnovu istraživanja i studija slučaja, procjenjuje se da je prodajna cijena litra vina U nastavku su predstavljeni najznačajniji u prosjeku 7 KM za registrirane proizvođače zaključci analize vinskog sektora BiH. na lokalnom tržištu, 2 KM za izvozno tržište, Struktura vinskog sektora i 4,5 KM za neregistrirane proizvođače na lokalnom tržištu. Na osnovu ovih cijena, može Strukturalne karakteris ke vinskog sektora u se procijeni da vrijednost proizvodnje vina BiH su predstavljene u tabelama koje slijede. u BiH iznosi 59 miliona KM (= 30 miliona €) Ne postoje zvanični podaci/sta s čki podaci o u 2010., dok vrijednost u 2005 iznosila 48,5 broju i veličini poljoprivrednih imanja koja se miliona KM (= 24,7 miliona €) na osnovu bave proizvodnjom grožđa u BiH. Među m, konstantnih cijena na tržištu. izvršena je procjena zasnovana na podacima koje je pripremila Agencija za sta s ku. Vrijednost od 59 miliona KM iz 2010. je Procjenjuje se da je broj poljoprivrednih predstavljala 3,6 % BDP poljoprivrede i imanja – proizvođača grožđa prvenstveno za srodnih usluga u BiH, i 0,27 % ukupnog BDP-a proizvodnju vina – oko 11.000, od čega je većina BiH. U poređenju sa drugim analiziranim manjih proizvođača za sopstvene potrebe i sektorima, vinski sektor je rela vno mali, ali lokalno tržište sa promjenjivim cijenama. Manje je geografska koncentriranost na nekoliko od 200 poljoprivrednih imanja proizvodi grožđe općina u zapadnom i južnom dijelu države, u na više od 2 hektara zemljišta. Hercegovini i područjima oko Trebinja, ono što ovaj sektor čini značajnim sektorom za ovaj dio Broj hektara koji se koriste za proizvodnju zemlje. grožđa raste od 2005. naovamo. 2005. godine, BiH je imala 2.100 ha koji su se koris li za Tržište vina proizvodnju grožđa. Ova brojka je porasla Proizvodnja vina je podijeljena na crveno na 3.240 ha u 2011. U istom periodu, prinosi vino sa 45 % proizvodnje, i bijelo sa 55 % su porasli sa procijenjenih 5.000 kg grožđa proizvodnje. Ovakva podjela je ujednačena po hektaru u 2005. na (najmanje) 7.000 kg posljednjih 5 godina. Šest studija slučaja po ha u 2011. (po procjeni). Ovakav trend među registriranim proizvođačima vina kao se odražava u udvostručivanju proizvodnje i SWOT radionica i razgovori sa sudionicima, grožđa sa 10 miliona kg u 2005. na skoro 23 dokumen raju da je proizvodnja vina miliona kg u 2011. Sa konstantnim brojem primarno fokusirana na visoko-kvalitetne proizvođača, prosječna proizvodnja po kategorije vina, skoro isključivo autohtone proizvođaču je porasla sa 955 kg u 2005. na sorte kao što su Žilavka (bijelo) i Bla na 2.062 kg u 2011. (crveno). Ove sorte su autohtone i idealne za Grožđe se koris za proizvodnju vina od uzgajanje u lokalnim klimatskim i geografskim strane registriranih proizvođača vina (46 u uslovima. Pored toga, ove sorte se uzgajaju po BiH), i neregistriranih proizvođača. Procjena lokalnoj tradiciji, i dio su kulturnog naslijeđa. je zasnovana na istraživanju projekta/analizi Među m, veći proizvođači također proizvode među registriranim vinarijama, po kojoj je stolno vino za je inije tržište, te ostale sorte odnos između registriranih proizvođača kao što su Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, i neregistriranih proizvođača, po pitanju Shiraz (crveno) i Chardonnay i Sauvignon hektara, 40:60. Na osnovu ove procjene, u Blanc (bijelo), što znači da su neke poznate 2011. oko 1.300 ha pod grožđem je u rukama međunarodne sorte zastupljene u vidu malog, registriranih proizvođača, dok je 1.944 ha ali sve većeg udjela iskorištenih hektara.
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