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Project Report PROJECT REPORT Resolution and Management of Human-Wild Animals Conflict in Buffer Zone of Bor Tiger Reserve, Wardha Work Area Two villages namely, Borgaon (Gondi) & Susund located under buffer area of Bor Tiger Reserve Project Duration October 2018 to March 2019 Contents Page no. 1. Executive Summary……………………………………………………………………3 2. Purpose……………………………………………………………………………………..3-4 3. Project Summary………………………………………………………………………..4-5 4. Team members and responsibilities……………………………………………5 5. Strategic direction……………………………………………………………………...6 Boding with local peoples………………………………………………….6 Awareness campaigns……………………………………………………….6-8 Providing technical support……………………………………………....8 Training programs…………………………………………………………….8 Water scarcity…………………………………………………………………..9 6. Project objectives………………………………………………………………………10 7. Project activity…………………………………………………………………………..10 1) Project Initiation………………………………………………………………10-11 1.1 Project development 1.2 Project participant recruitment 1.3 Participant training 1.4 Project group meetings 2) Data collection and documentation……………………………………11-12 2.1 Collection of human-wildlife information 2.2 Project logs and reports 8. Proposed strategy……………………………………………………………………..13 1) Survey of villages………………………………………………………………….13 2) Working with Vanya Jeev Mitras……………………………………………14 3) Regular meeting with villagers………………………………………………15 4) Selection of crop fields…………………………………………………………..16 Crop damage Type of damage 1 5) Using of natural & other techniques for protecting………………….17-18 Crop fields from wild animals Collecting & spraying of natural herbs & blue bull dung Using naphthalene (moth) balls Using of TAM-TAM 6) Using camera trap method to identify Conflicted animals………………………………………………………………...19-20 Night patrolling 7) Medical camps for villagers……………………………………………………21 8) Veterinary camps for all domestic animals……………………………..22 9) Awareness rallies………………………………………………………………….23 10) Painting of warli art pattern on walls in villages On wildlife conservation…………………………………………………………24 11) Awareness campaign about how to create Natural / live fencing……………………………………………………………...,25 12) Awareness campaign for school children about snakes…………….26 13) Rescue and Rehabilitation……………………………………………………….27 9. Project output…………………………………………………………………………...,28 Presentation & publication…………………………………………..28 10. Project result……………………………………………………………………………29 1) Significance of data 1.1 Significant information collection 1.2 Improved information flow & relationship between villagers and forest department 11. Feedback-Participants and stack holders……………………………………30 12. Project Review………………………………………………………………………….31 13. Work Impact…………………………………………………………………………….32 14. Extra efforts & achievements……………………………………………………..33-35 15. Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………..36 16. Acknowledgment……………………………………………………………………...37 17. Letter of Appreciation……………………………………………………………….38-41 18. Project In-charge Massage………………………………………………………...42 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: A six months pilot project was conducted to trail the integration of human wild life information from two villages namely, Borgaon (Gondi) & Susund located under buffer area of Bor Tiger Reserve. An independent review found that the pilot project was successful in capturing information that increase the number of human wild life conflict ratio. The 271 crop damage cases reported by the forest department for the six months period. The data collected was from additional catchment areas with an increased species distribution and wider range of presenting conflict area. The review also found that the project increase the capacity of local farmers to tackle such conflict situation by themselves without depending on any department. The review recommended that the program be continued and expanded with additional focus on and livelihood for villagers. PURPOSE: This is the final report for the minimizing Human-Wildlife conflict pilot project. This report provides an update to the progress report of March2019 and outlines the activities and outcome for the pilot project. This report had been prepared by PFA Wardha, on the basis of independent reviews of the villagers. In the present study 54 villages situated in the buffer zone Bor Tiger Reserve (654 km2area) in Wardha district of Maharashtra, India. The magnitude of crop field losses varied significantly with the distance of agricultural field from forest boundary. The total crop field losses were high for Cotton, Soya bean, Toor, Wheat and Chanaa in all the villages. Major wildlife agents responsible for crop damage were wild boar, monkey, Blue bull and Spotted dear. Blue bull and wild boar alone accounted for about 50% to 60% of total crop damage in the study villages. Cattle and goat are the major livestock killed by leopard & tiger. Due to existing conservation policies and laxity in implementation of preventive measures, the problems for local inhabitants are increasing. Potential solutions discussed emphasize the need to undertake suitable and appropriate protective measures to minimize the crop losses. Local people of the buffer zone area already have a negative attitude towards park/reserve establishment due to socio-political changes inducing major economic losses and this attitude may lead to clashes and confrontations if proper ameliorative measures are not taken immediately. To tackle this situation we can use some 3 techniques to minimize this situation like Change in cropping and crop composition, using of traditional and natural techniques to prevent crop field from wild animals, particularly cultivation of medicinal plants (high value low volume crops), were also suggested. Besides, fair and quick disbursement of compensation for crop loss and livestock killing need to be adopted. PROJECT SUMMARY: The project is a 6 months pilot program to find out the possible solutions to minimize human wild life conflict by using some natural techniques. The project commenced in October 2018 and ended on 31 March 2019. The project was executed by People For Animals, Wardha team. Human–wildlife conflict refers to the interaction between wild animals and people and the resultant negative impact on people or their resources, or wild animals or their habitat. It occurs when growing human populations overlap with established wildlife territory, creating reduction of resources or life to some people and/or wild animals. The conflict takes many forms ranging from loss of life or injury to humans, and animals both wild and domesticated, to competition for scarce resources to loss and degradation of habitat. The success of conserving biological resources in any Biosphere Reserve or protected area depends on the extent of support and positive attitudes and perceptions of local people have towards such establishments. Ignoring the dependence of the local people for their subsistence needs on resources of such areas leads to conflicts between protected area managers and the local inhabitants. Crop field losses and livestock depredation were serious problems observed in most buffer zone villages of Bor Tiger Reserve. Two villages namely, Borgaon (Gondi) & Susund located under buffer area of Bor Tiger Reserve: Bor Tiger Reserve situated in Wardha district of Maharashtra. In 1970, 61.1 sq. km. forest area declared as a Bor sanctuary. In 2012, for the protection and conservation tiger and tiger habitat, Maharashtra government added 60 sq. Km. area in under New Bor wildlife sanctuary. In 2014 these sanctuary area notify as a Tiger reserve, which cover 138.12 sq.km. Covering 4 are of forest is small but it is home of Endanger carnivores Tiger, Leopard and omnivores Sloth bear as well as home of Herbivores animals. Bor is a breeding centre and corridor of Tiger. 25 types of Mammals, more than 160 types of birds, 26 types of reptiles. Most important part of Bor tiger reserve is, Bor River originated from this forest and constructed the Bor dam on it. This dam water useful for irrigation and drinking purposed of farmer and city people. It is social impact able part of conservation and protection of Bor Tiger Reserve. The project collected and agreed data set of human-wildlife conflict cases related information from selected villages, the scope of the project did not include data from other organisations. This project focused of reporting of existing work, investigation and personal survey. The team members received initial and ongoing training and support in case of data entry. Given data is an approximately monthly basis for the 6 month period of the pilot project. *The data set and functionality of the project were evaluated by an independent reviewer. TEAM MEMBER AND RESPONSIBILITIES: 1. Mr. Ashish Goswami - Project In-Charge 2. Dr. Sandip Joge - Veterinary Officer (M.V.Sc.) 3. Mr. Kaustubh Gawande - Community Education Officer 4. Mr. Sumit S. Bharal (Jain) - Field Inspector 5. Mr. Abhishek gujar - Assistant field Inspector 6. Mr. Rohit Kangale - Volunteer 7. Mr. Vyankatesh Jakate - Volunteer 5 STRATEGIC DIRECTION: 1) The aim of conflict resolution or management is to reduce the potential for human-wildlife conflicts in order to protect life and limb of human beings affected by attacks of wild animals, safety of animal population, habitat and general biodiversity, and also to minimise damage to property. The preference is always for passive, non-intrusive prevention measures. There are two villages namely Borgaon(Gondi) and Susund selected from 54 villages living in the buffer zone of the Bor Tiger Reserve area comprising of 14000 to 15000 population.
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