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Nationalism and Globalization / Le Nationalisme Et La Editorial Board / Comité de rédaction Editor-in-Chief Rédacteur en chef Kenneth McRoberts, York University, Canada Associate Editors Rédacteurs adjoints Isabel Carrera Suarez, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain Daniel Salée, Concordia University, Canada Robert S. Schwartzwald, University of Massachusetts, U.S.A. Managing Editor Secrétaire de rédaction Guy Leclair, ICCS/CIEC, Ottawa, Canada Advisory Board / Comité consultatif Irene J.J. Burgers, University of Groningen, The Netherlands Patrick Coleman, University of California/Los Angeles, U.S.A. Enric Fossas, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, España Lois Foster, La Trobe University, Australia Fabrizio Ghilardi, Università di Pisa, Italia Teresa Gutiérrez-Haces, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico Eugenia Issraelian, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia James Jackson, Trinity College, Republic of Ireland Jean-Michel Lacroix, Université de Paris III/Sorbonne Nouvelle, France Denise Gurgel Lavallée, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Brésil Eugene Lee, Sookmyung University, Korea Erling Lindström, Uppsala University, Sweden Ursula Mathis, Universität Innsbruck, Autriche Amarjit S. Narang, Indira Gandhi National Open University, India Heather Norris Nicholson, University College of Ripon and York St. John, United Kingdom Satoru Osanai, Chuo University, Japan Vilma Petrash, Universidad Central de Venezuela-Caracas, Venezuela Danielle Schaub, University of Haifa, Israel Sherry Simon, Concordia University, Canada Wang Tongfu, Shanghai International Studies University, China International Journal of Canadian Studies Revue internationale d’études canadiennes 16, Fall / Automne 1997 Nationalism and Globalization Le nationalisme et la mondialisation Table of Contents / Table des matières Daniel Salée Introduction / Présentation .........................5 Jan Penrose Construction, De(con)struction and Reconstruction. The Impact of Globalization and Fragmentation on the Canadian Nation-State .....15 Alain-G. Gagnon et François Rocher Nationalisme libéral et construction multinationale : la représentation de la « nation » dans la dynamique Québec-Canada............51 Earl H. Fry Regional Economic Development Strategies in Canada and the United States: Linkages Between the Subnational, National and Global Settings ...............................69 André Joyal et Laurent Deshaies Des PME québécoises en région face à la mondialisation .........93 Jeffrey M. Ayres From National to Popular Sovereignty? The Evolving Globalization of Protest Activity in Canada ........................107 Donna R. McLean A Rhetorical Analysis of the Canadian Free Trade Debate: Establishing a Framework to Interpret Free Trade through Historical Premise, Orientation Metaphors and Dissociation ............125 Katarzyna Rukszto National Encounters: Narrating Canada and the Plurality of Difference. 149 Open Topic Articles / Articles hors-thèmes Colleen Ross The Art of Transformation in Lola Lemire Tostevin’s Frog Moon ...165 Antonia Maioni The Canadian Welfare State at Century’s End ..............173 Richard Vengroff and Zaira Reveron Decentralization and Local Government Efficiency in Canadian Provinces: A Comparative Perspective..................195 Joseph B. Glass The Settlement of Prairie Jews in Palestine, 1917-1939 .........215 Review Essays / Essais critiques Diana Brydon Sliding Metaphors: Rethinking the Nation in Global Contexts .....247 Peter Klaus Genèse d’une littérature latino-américaine au Canada et au Québec? . 253 Anne Whitelaw Nationalism and Globalization: Exhibitions and the Circulation of Objects .................................261 Présentation Introduction Mondialisation. À en croire certains, Globalization: According to some le phénomène est irréversible et people, the phenomenon is incontournable. Mieux, il serait irreversible and ineluctable. Better porteur de défis économiques yet, it could usher in exciting vivifiants et d’un engagement economic challenges and force a salutaire dans la promotion de healthy commitment to promote l’universel, dans l’aplanissement de universalism by smoothing away ces frontières géographiques, the geographic, symbolic, cultural symboliques, culturelles et politiques and political borders that separate qui séparent les communautés human communities and limit the humaines et limitent les capacités ability of humankind to reach its d’accomplissement de l’humanité. potential. Globalization, although Pourtant, en même temps qu’elle evidently setting the pace and semble accélérer le pas et imprégner instilling modern societies with its de sa logique les sociétés modernes, ideology, has run up against a la mondialisation se bute à la recrudescence of nationalist reviviscence de mouvements movements whose existence has nationalitaires dont on ne nearly been forgotten. It has run soupçonnait plus l’existence et se headlong into some surprising heurte à des particularismes forms of parochialism that are étonnants qui déstabilisent l’intégrité destabilizing the integrity of the des États. En fait, paradoxe étrange, State. In fact, paradoxically, and et contre toute attente, une certaine contrary to all expectation, a tendance à la célébration de l’identité marked trend to celebrating subjective et l’émergence politique subjective identity, as well as the de diverses formes d’identifications political emergence of different personnelles et collectives forms of personal and collective minoritaires semblent s’imposer minority identities, seems to be the comme les pendants obligés de la necessary counterweight to mondialisation. globalization. Ce paradoxe, le Canada en fait Canada already knows something régulièrement les frais. Alors que of this paradox. While the l’État canadien cherche à répondre Canadian State is looking for a way aux exigences de la mondialisation to meet the dictates of globalization en tentant de promouvoir by attempting to promote the l’intégration économique du pays et economic integration of the country en veillant à la cohésion du lien and ensure the cohesion of its social, diverses forces se conjuguent social fabric, a variety of forces are pour remettre en question les appels à combining to challenge the call to l’unité et bousculer les prémisses unity and to undermine the convenues de l’identité canadienne. accepted premises of the Canadian Elles adoptent des positions identity. Such forces adopt often politiques souvent sans appel qui, à intractable political positions which terme, peuvent conduire à may in the long run lead to the l’éclatement de la communauté breakup of the Canadian polity or, International Journal of Canadian Studies / Revue internationale d’études canadiennes 16, Fall/Automne 1997 IJCS / RIÉC politique canadienne, ou, à tout le at the very least, to the retreat of moins, à des replis communities into themselves that intracommunautaires qui would of necessity threaten any menaceraient nécessairement toute national unity endeavour. Coming entreprise d’unification nationale. On first to mind is the Québec pense d’emblée au projet sovereignty agenda, but the special souverainiste québécois, mais les claims of the First Nations, the revendications particulières des political and administrative claims Premières nations, les réclamations of the regions and the ethnocultural politico-administratives des régions diversity of Canadian society as a et la diversité ethnoculturelle whole pose, each in its own way, a constitutive de la société canadienne considerable disruptive threat. présentent aussi, chacune à leur This raises the question that forms manière, un potentiel de disjonction the subtext to the articles making considérable. up the thematic section of the La question qui se pose est simple et current issue of IJCS: How can and s’inscrit en filigrane des textes qui how must Canada come to terms composent la partie thématique du with the challenges of présent numéro de la RIÉC : globalization? At first glance, these comment le Canada peut-il et challenges would seem to be comment doit-il composer avec les economic in nature and relate to the défis de la mondialisation? Ces défis restructuring of national markets, sont, à première vue, économiques et but they raise above all, and in renvoient à la restructuration des perhaps a more profound and marchés nationaux, mais ils “interpellating” way, the problem soulèvent surtout, de manière peut- of the social and political unity of être plus profonde et plus this country. « interpellante », le problème de In the first article, Jan Penrose l’unité sociale et politique du pays. eloquently analyzes the gradual Dans le premier texte, Jan Penrose en process of fragmentation of the fait une démonstration éloquente en Canadian State. Far from analysant le procès graduel de bemoaning the reevaluation of the fragmentation de l’État canadien. historical foundations and the Loin de déplorer la remise en hegemonic views of the Canadian question des assises historiques et national identity, she emphasizes des conceptions hégémoniques de the benefits of counter-hegemonic l’identité nationale canadienne, elle developments to which insiste plutôt sur le côté bénéfique globalization has paradoxically des développements contre- given rise. The weakening of the hégémoniques paradoxalement role played by the nation-state as induits par la mondialisation. the bedrock of personal and L’affaiblissement de l’État-nation collective identity opens up spaces comme base principale conducive to the creation and/or d’identification personnelle et expression of identities other than collective permet
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